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| 6 | <guide link="/doc/en/altinstall.xml"> |
5 | <guide link="/doc/en/altinstall.xml"> |
| 7 | <title>The Gentoo Linux alternative installation method HOWTO</title> |
6 | <title>The Gentoo Linux alternative installation method HOWTO</title> |
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7 | <author title="Contributor"><mail link="gerrynjr@gentoo.org">Gerald Normandin Jr.</mail></author> |
| 8 | <author title="Author"><mail link="lordviram@rebelpacket.net">Travis Tilley</mail></author> |
8 | <author title="Contributor"><mail link="lordviram@rebelpacket.net">Travis Tilley</mail></author> |
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9 | <author title="Contributor"><mail link="volontir@yahoo.com">Oleg Raisky</mail></author> |
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10 | <author title="Contributor"><mail link="luminousit@hotmail.com">Alex Garbutt</mail></author> |
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11 | <author title="Contributor"><mail link="alex@openvs.com">Alexandre Georges</mail></author> |
| 9 | <author title="Contributor"><mail link="davoid@gentoo.org">Faust A. |
12 | <author title="Contributor"><mail link="davoid@gentoo.org">Faust A. |
| 10 | Tanasescu</mail></author> |
13 | Tanasescu</mail></author> |
| 11 | <author title="Contributor"><mail link="aliz@gentoo.org">Daniel Ahlberg</mail></author> |
14 | <author title="Contributor"><mail link="aliz@gentoo.org">Daniel Ahlberg</mail></author> |
| 12 | <author title="Editor"><mail link="swift@gentoo.org">Sven Vermeulen</mail></author> |
15 | <author title="Editor"><mail link="swift@gentoo.org">Sven Vermeulen</mail></author> |
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16 | <author title="Editor"><mail link="antifa@gentoo.org">Ken Nowack</mail></author> |
| 13 | <abstract> |
17 | <abstract> |
| 14 | This HOWTO is meant to be a repository of alternative Gentoo installation |
18 | This HOWTO is meant to be a repository of alternative Gentoo installation |
| 15 | methods, for those with special installation needs such as lack of a cdrom |
19 | methods, for those with special installation needs such as lack of a cdrom |
| 16 | or a computer that cant boot cds. |
20 | or a computer that cant boot cds. |
| 17 | </abstract> |
21 | </abstract> |
| 18 | |
22 | |
| 19 | <version>0.3</version> |
23 | <version>0.31</version> |
| 20 | <date>1 June 2003</date> |
24 | <date>17 July 2003</date> |
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25 | |
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26 | <license/> |
| 21 | |
27 | |
| 22 | <chapter> |
28 | <chapter> |
| 23 | <title>About this document</title> |
29 | <title>About this document</title> |
| 24 | <section> |
30 | <section> |
| 25 | <body> |
31 | <body> |
| … | |
… | |
| 31 | to those who need them. |
37 | to those who need them. |
| 32 | Or, if you prefer, it serves as |
38 | Or, if you prefer, it serves as |
| 33 | a place to put your wacky installation methods. If you have an |
39 | a place to put your wacky installation methods. If you have an |
| 34 | installation method that you yourself find useful, or you have devised an |
40 | installation method that you yourself find useful, or you have devised an |
| 35 | amusing way of installing gentoo, please dont hesitate to write something |
41 | amusing way of installing gentoo, please dont hesitate to write something |
| 36 | up and <mail link="lordviram@rebelpacket.net">send it to me.</mail></p> |
42 | up and <mail link="antifa@gentoo.org">send it to me.</mail></p> |
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43 | |
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44 | |
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45 | </body> |
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46 | </section> |
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47 | </chapter> |
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48 | |
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49 | <chapter> |
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50 | <title>Booting the LiveCD with Smart BootManager</title> |
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51 | <section> |
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52 | |
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53 | <body> |
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54 | <p>Download Smart BootManager <uri link="http://btmgr.sourceforge.net/index.php3?body=download.html">http://btmgr.sourceforge.net/index.php3?body=download.html</uri>. Linux source or binary format and windows .exe versions are available as well as many language packs. However, at this time, the prefered method would be to use the binary format, as the source will not compile with newer versions of nasm.</p> |
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55 | |
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56 | <p>Either compile the package from source or just grab the binary. There are several options that can be utilized while creating your boot floppy, as seen below.</p> |
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57 | |
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58 | <pre caption="Smart BootManager Options"> |
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59 | <i>sbminst [-t theme] [-d drv] [-b backup_file] [-u backup_file] |
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60 | |
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61 | -t theme select the theme to be used, in which the theme could be: |
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62 | us = English theme de = German theme |
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63 | hu = Hungarian theme zh = Chinese theme |
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64 | ru = Russian theme cz = Czech theme |
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65 | es = Spanish theme fr = French theme |
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66 | pt = Portuguese theme |
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67 | |
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68 | |
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69 | -d drv set the drive that you want to install Smart BootManager on; |
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70 | for Linux: |
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71 | /dev/fd0 is the first floppy driver, |
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72 | /dev/hda is the first IDE harddisk driver. |
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73 | /dev/sda is the first SCSI harddisk driver. |
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74 | for DOS: |
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75 | 0 is the first floppy drive |
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76 | 128 is the first hard drive; |
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77 | |
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78 | -c disable CD-ROM booting feature; |
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79 | |
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80 | -b backup_file backup the data that will be overwrited for |
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81 | future uninstallation; |
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82 | |
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83 | -u backup_file uninstall Smart BootManager, should be used alone; |
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84 | |
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85 | -y do not ask any question or warning.</i> |
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86 | </pre> |
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87 | |
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88 | <pre caption="Using sbminst to build the boot floppy"> |
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89 | # <i>sbminst -t us -d /dev/fd0</i> |
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90 | </pre> |
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91 | <note> Replace fd0 with your repective floppy device name if yours is different. </note> |
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92 | <p>Now simply place the floppy in the floppy drive of the computer you'd like to boot the LiveCD on, as well as placing the LiveCD in the CD-ROM and boot the computer.</p> |
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93 | |
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94 | <p>You'll be greeted with the Smart BootManager dialog. Select your CD-ROM and press ENTER to boot the LiveCD. Once booted proceed with the standard installation instructions.</p> |
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95 | |
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96 | <p>Further information on Smart BootManager may be found at <uri>http://btmgr.sourceforge.net/</uri></p> |
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97 | </body> |
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98 | </section> |
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99 | </chapter> |
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100 | |
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101 | |
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102 | <chapter> |
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103 | <title>Knoppix Installation</title> |
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104 | <section> |
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105 | |
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106 | <body> |
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107 | <p>Booting from the <uri link="http://www.knoppix.org/">Knoppix</uri> LiveCD is a way to have a fully functional linux system while you're compiling Gentoo. Tux Racer will help you pass the time while you wait for bootstrap.</p> |
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108 | |
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109 | <p>Boot from the Knoppix CD. It generally does a really good job of hardware detection. Although, you may have to add some boot options. </p> |
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110 | |
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111 | <p>By default Knoppix boots into a KDE 3.0 desktop. The first thing I did was open a konsole and typed <c>sudo passwd root</c>. This lets you set the root password for Knoppix.</p> |
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112 | |
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113 | <p> Next, I su to root and typed <c>usermod -d /root -m root</c>. This sets user roots home directory to /root (the Gentoo way) from /home/root (the Knoppix way). If you do not do this, then you will receive errors when emerging about "/home/root: not found" or something to that effect.</p> |
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114 | |
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115 | <p>I then typed <c>exit</c> and then <c>su</c> back into root. This loads the change that was made with the usermod command. At this point, you can pick up with the standard install documentation at step 6. </p> |
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116 | </body> |
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117 | </section> |
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118 | </chapter> |
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119 | |
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120 | <chapter> |
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121 | <title>Installing from Stage 1 without network access</title> |
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122 | <section> |
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123 | <body> |
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124 | |
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125 | |
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126 | <p>Burn a LiveCD iso.</p> |
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127 | |
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128 | <p>Get the latest portage snapshot from <uri>http://distro.ibiblio.org/pub/linux/distributions/gentoo/snapshots/</uri> (or your favorite <uri link="http://www.gentoo.org/main/en/mirrors.xml">mirror</uri>). Either place this tarball on an existing partition on the box your are installing to, or burn it to a CD.</p> |
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129 | |
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130 | <p>You'll also need a package list for the stage packages. Place the following dl-list.sh script on the same medium as the portage snapshot, you'll need it later.</p> |
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131 | |
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132 | <pre caption="dl-list.sh"> |
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133 | #!/bin/bash |
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134 | |
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135 | # set your defaults here: |
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136 | user_defs() { |
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137 | |
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138 | # portage directory (without a trailing "/"): |
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139 | portage_dir="/usr/portage" |
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140 | |
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141 | # default download mirror (without a trailing "/"): |
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142 | gentoo_mirror="http://www.ibiblio.org/pub/Linux/distributions/gentoo" |
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143 | |
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144 | # default sourceforge mirror (unc, telia, belnet): |
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145 | sourceforge_mirror="unc" |
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146 | |
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147 | # fix gnu mirror entries |
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148 | gnu_url="ftp:\/\/ftp.gnu.org\/pub\/gnu" |
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149 | |
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150 | } |
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151 | |
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152 | |
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153 | #------------------------------------------------------------ |
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154 | |
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155 | # function to remove temporary files |
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156 | cleanup() { |
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157 | |
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158 | rm -f $temp_file_1 $temp_file_2 |
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159 | exit $1 |
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160 | |
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161 | } |
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162 | |
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163 | # set user defaults |
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164 | user_defs |
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165 | |
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166 | # set the complete url for the sourceforge mirror |
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167 | # (the \'s are needed because this goes in a sed command) |
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168 | sourceforge_mirror_complete="http:\/\/$sourceforge_mirror.dl.sourceforge.net\/sourceforge" |
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169 | |
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170 | # initialize counters |
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171 | num_files=0 |
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172 | num_alt_urls=0 |
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173 | total_size=0 |
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174 | |
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175 | # initialize lists (arrays) |
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176 | declare -a def_urls_arr |
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177 | declare -a alt_urls_arr |
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178 | |
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179 | # create 2 temporary files |
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180 | temp_file_1=`mktemp -t dl-list.XXXXXX` || cleanup 1 |
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181 | temp_file_2=`mktemp -t dl-list.XXXXXX` || cleanup 1 |
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182 | |
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183 | # run "emerge -p <args>" (too easy to forget the "-p" in the command line...) |
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184 | emerge -p $@ > $temp_file_1 || cleanup 1 |
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185 | |
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186 | # remove the lines that do not contain the word "ebuild" |
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187 | sed -n -e '/ebuild/p' $temp_file_1 > $temp_file_2 |
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188 | |
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189 | # count how many lines were left |
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190 | num_ebuilds=`wc -l $temp_file_2 | sed -e 's/\(.*\) \(.*\)/\1/'` |
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191 | |
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192 | # extract the useful information from those lines: category, package and version |
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193 | #sed -e 's:\(.*\) \(.*\)/\(.*\)-\([0-9].*\) \(.*\) \(.*\):\2 \3 \4:' $temp_file_2 > $temp_file_1 |
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194 | sed -e 's:\(.*\) \(.*\)/\(.*\)-\([0-9].*\):\2 \3 \4:' $temp_file_2 > $temp_file_1 |
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195 | |
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196 | # display starting message :) |
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197 | echo -n "Generating list " >&2 |
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198 | |
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199 | # process each package in turn |
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200 | while read category package version rest |
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201 | do |
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202 | |
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203 | # form the name of the digest file |
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204 | |
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205 | digest_file="$portage_dir/$category/$package/files/digest-$package-$version" |
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206 | |
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207 | # process the contents of the digest file |
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208 | while read md5_flag md5_sum file_name file_size |
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209 | do |
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210 | |
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211 | # form the default url to download the file |
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212 | def_urls_arr[$num_files]="$gentoo_mirror/distfiles/$file_name" |
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213 | |
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214 | # increment the file counter |
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215 | num_files=$(($num_files + 1)) |
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216 | |
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217 | # update the size accumulator (in kilobytes) |
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218 | total_size=$(($total_size + $file_size / 1024)) |
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219 | |
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220 | done < $digest_file |
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221 | |
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222 | # form the "ebuild depend" command line |
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223 | ebuild_depend_cmd="ebuild $portage_dir/$category/$package/$package-${version}.ebuild depend" |
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224 | |
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225 | # execute the "ebuild depend" command |
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226 | $ebuild_depend_cmd || cleanup 1 |
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227 | |
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228 | # form the name of the dependency file |
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229 | dependency_file="/var/cache/edb/dep/$category/$package-$version" |
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230 | |
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231 | # read in the 4th line from the dependency file, |
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232 | # which contains the official download urls |
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233 | alt_urls=`head -n 4 $dependency_file | tail -n 1` |
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234 | |
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235 | # ignore empty url list |
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236 | if [ -n "$alt_urls" ] |
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237 | then |
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238 | |
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239 | # split the urls list into $1..$N |
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240 | set $alt_urls |
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241 | |
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242 | # process each url in turn |
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243 | for i in $@ |
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244 | do |
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245 | |
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246 | # remove the (use)? strings from the url list |
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247 | alt_url_tmp=`echo "$i" | sed -e '/\?$/d'` |
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248 | |
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249 | # remove the "mirror://gnome" urls |
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250 | alt_url_tmp=`echo "$alt_url_tmp" | sed -e '/^mirror:\/\/gnome/d'` |
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251 | |
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252 | # remove the "mirror://kde" urls |
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253 | alt_url_tmp=`echo "$alt_url_tmp" | sed -e '/^mirror:\/\/kde/d'` |
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254 | |
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255 | # remove the "mirror://gentoo" urls (already included) |
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256 | alt_url_tmp=`echo "$alt_url_tmp" | sed -e '/^mirror:\/\/gentoo/d'` |
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257 | |
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258 | # translate the "mirror://sourceforge" urls into valid urls |
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259 | alt_url_tmp=`echo "$alt_url_tmp" | sed -e "s/mirror:\/\/sourceforge/$sourceforge_mirror_complete/"` |
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260 | |
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261 | # translate the "mirror://gnu" urls into valid urls |
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262 | alt_url_tmp=`echo "$alt_url_tmp" | sed -e "s/mirror:\/\/gnu/$gnu_url/"` |
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263 | # ignore empty urls |
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264 | if [ -n "$alt_url_tmp" ] |
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265 | then |
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266 | |
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267 | # add the url to the list |
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268 | alt_urls_arr[$num_alt_urls]=$alt_url_tmp |
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269 | |
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270 | # increment the alternate url counter |
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271 | num_alt_urls=$(($num_alt_urls + 1)) |
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272 | |
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273 | fi |
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274 | |
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275 | done |
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276 | |
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277 | fi |
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278 | |
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279 | # a progress bar :) |
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280 | echo -n "." >&2 |
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281 | |
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282 | done < $temp_file_1 |
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283 | |
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284 | # display ending message :) |
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285 | echo " done." >&2 |
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286 | |
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287 | # display default urls list |
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288 | for i in ${def_urls_arr[@]}; do echo $i; done | sort |
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289 | |
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290 | # display alternate urls list |
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291 | for i in ${alt_urls_arr[@]}; do echo $i; done | sort |
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292 | |
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293 | # display totals |
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294 | echo "Totals:" $num_ebuilds "ebuilds," $num_files "files," $num_files "default urls," \n |
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295 | $num_alt_urls "alternate urls," "${total_size}Kb." <&2 |
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296 | |
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297 | # remove temporary files and exit |
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298 | cleanup 0 |
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299 | </pre> |
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300 | |
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301 | <p>Follow all instructions of Gentoo Install Doc up to "chroot /mnt/gentoo" in Step 8. If you only have one CD-ROM remember to use the <c>cdcache</c> option while booting so you can unmount the LiveCD and mount your portage snapshot CD.</p> |
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302 | |
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303 | <p>Run "passwd" and get a new password for root. Open a new virtual console (Alt-F2) and login as root with your new password.</p> |
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304 | |
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305 | <p>On the new console (F2) continue with Install Doc up to running bootstrap.sh script.</p> |
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306 | |
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307 | <p>Go back to the first console (Alt-F1, without chroot) and mount a second CD on <c>/mnt/gentoo/mnt/cdrom2</c>. Copy portage tarball from cdrom2 and unpack it to <c>/mnt/gentoo/usr/portage</c>. Further, grab the dl-list.sh script and place it in <c>/usr/sbin</c> and make it executable.</p> |
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308 | |
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309 | <pre caption="Mount the snapshot cd"> |
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310 | # <i>umount /mnt/cdrom</i> |
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311 | # <i>mkdir /mnt/gentoo/mnt/cdrom2</i> |
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312 | # <i>mount /dev/cdroms/cdrom0 /mnt/gentoo/mnt/cdrom2</i> |
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313 | # <i>cp /mnt/gentoo/mnt/cdrom2/portage-$date.tar.bz2 /mnt/gentoo/usr/portage</i> |
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314 | # <i>cp /mnt/gentoo/mnt/cdrom2/dl-list.sh /mnt/gentoo/usr/sbin</i> |
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315 | # <i>cd /mnt/gentoo/usr/portage</i> |
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316 | # <i>tar xvjpf portage-$date.tar.bz2</i> |
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317 | # <i>chmod +x /mnt/gentoo/usr/sbin/dl-list.sh</i> |
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318 | </pre> |
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319 | |
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320 | <p>Switch back to F2 console. Now if you try to run bootstrap.sh it will fail because it won't be able to download any files. We will fetch these files somewhere else and put them in /usr/portage/distfiles (on F2 console). </p> |
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321 | |
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322 | <p>You need a list of Stage1 packages: glibc, baselayout, texinfo, gettext, zlib, binutils, gcc, ncurses plus their dependencies. </p> |
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323 | |
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324 | <note>Note that you need the versions of each package synced with your portage tree.</note> |
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325 | |
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326 | <p>Now us the dl-list.sh script to generate the package list that you need. Then copy the subsequent list to a floppy.</p> |
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327 | |
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328 | <pre caption="Using dl-list.sh"> |
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329 | # <i>dl-list.sh glibc baselayout texinfo gettext zlib binutils gcc ncurses > stage1.list</i> |
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330 | # <i>mount -t vfat /dev/fd0 /mnt/floppy</i> |
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331 | # <i>cp /mnt/gentoo/stage1.list /mnt/floppy</i> |
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332 | # <i>umount /mnt/floppy</i> |
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333 | </pre> |
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334 | |
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335 | <p>Take the floppy to the machine that has fast access and feed this list to wget:</p> |
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336 | |
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337 | <pre caption="Use wget to grab your source packages"> |
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338 | # <i>wget -N -i stage1.list</i> |
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339 | </pre> |
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340 | |
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341 | |
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342 | <p>Once you have obtained all the files, take them to the computer and copy them to <c>/mnt/gentoo/usr/portage/distfiles</c>. You will then be able to run <c>bootstrap.sh</c>. Repeate this same wget fetch and place procedure for stage2 and 3.</p> |
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343 | |
| 37 | |
344 | |
| 38 | |
345 | |
| 39 | </body> |
346 | </body> |
| 40 | </section> |
347 | </section> |
| 41 | </chapter> |
348 | </chapter> |
| … | |
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| 49 | provide a tftp server and a computer |
356 | provide a tftp server and a computer |
| 50 | that can netboot itself via either bios or a floppy drive used to boot GRUB |
357 | that can netboot itself via either bios or a floppy drive used to boot GRUB |
| 51 | or another network bootloader. A dhcp server might also be necessary. Of |
358 | or another network bootloader. A dhcp server might also be necessary. Of |
| 52 | course, you will also need the latest build ISO, which can be found at |
359 | course, you will also need the latest build ISO, which can be found at |
| 53 | <uri>http://distro.ibiblio.org/pub/linux/distributions/gentoo/releases/</uri></p> |
360 | <uri>http://distro.ibiblio.org/pub/linux/distributions/gentoo/releases/</uri></p> |
|
|
361 | <note>Due to changes in the LiveCD, this procedure will only work for the 1.2 LiveCD. </note> |
| 54 | </body> |
362 | </body> |
| 55 | </section> |
363 | </section> |
| 56 | |
364 | |
| 57 | <section> |
365 | <section> |
| 58 | <title>Overview</title> |
366 | <title>Overview</title> |
| … | |
… | |
| 181 | Once booted you need to specify a way for the machine to get |
489 | Once booted you need to specify a way for the machine to get |
| 182 | its IP address, specify where |
490 | its IP address, specify where |
| 183 | to get a kernel and it's options, and where to get it's initrd.</p> |
491 | to get a kernel and it's options, and where to get it's initrd.</p> |
| 184 | |
492 | |
| 185 | <pre> |
493 | <pre> |
| 186 | grub> <i>ifconfig --address=192.168.0.10 --server=192.168.0.2</i> |
494 | grub> <i>ifconfig --address=<c>ip.add.re.ss</c> --server=<c>ip.add.re.ss</c></i> |
| 187 | grub> <i>root (nd)</i> |
495 | grub> <i>root (nd)</i> |
| 188 | grub> <i>kernel /tftpboot/kernel devfs=nomount vga=normal load_ramdisk=1 </i> |
496 | grub> <i>kernel /tftpboot/kernel devfs=nomount vga=normal load_ramdisk=1 </i> |
| 189 | <i>prompt_ramdisk=0 ramdisk_size=24000 root=/dev/ram0 rw</i> <comment>(all on one line)</comment> |
497 | <i>prompt_ramdisk=0 ramdisk_size=24000 root=/dev/ram0 rw</i> <comment>(all on one line)</comment> |
| 190 | grub> <i>initrd /tftpboot/rescue.gz</i> |
498 | grub> <i>initrd /tftpboot/rescue.gz</i> |
| 191 | grub> <i>boot</i> |
499 | grub> <i>boot</i> |
| … | |
… | |
| 199 | |
507 | |
| 200 | </body> |
508 | </body> |
| 201 | </section> |
509 | </section> |
| 202 | </chapter> |
510 | </chapter> |
| 203 | |
511 | |
|
|
512 | <chapter><title>Diskless install using PXE boot</title> |
| 204 | |
513 | |
|
|
514 | <section><title>Requirements</title> |
|
|
515 | <body> |
|
|
516 | <p>You will need a network card on the diskless client that uses the PXE protocol to boot, like many 3com cards. You will also need a BIOS that supports booting from PXE.</p> |
|
|
517 | </body></section> |
|
|
518 | |
|
|
519 | <section><title>Server base setup</title> |
|
|
520 | <body> |
|
|
521 | <p>Create directories: The first thing to do is to create the directories where your diskless system will be stored. Create a directory called <c>/diskless</c> which houses a directory for each diskless client. For the rest of this howto we'll be working on the client 'eta'.</p> |
|
|
522 | |
|
|
523 | <pre caption="directory setup"> |
|
|
524 | # <i>mkdir /diskless</i> |
|
|
525 | # <i>mkdir /diskless/eta</i> |
|
|
526 | # <i>mkdir /diskless/eta/boot</i> |
|
|
527 | </pre> |
|
|
528 | |
|
|
529 | <p>DHCP and TFTP setup: The client will get boot informations using DHCP and download all the required files using TFTP. Just emerge DHCP and configure it for your basic needs. Then, add the following on <c>/etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf</c>.</p> |
|
|
530 | |
|
|
531 | <note>This provide a static IP adress for the client and the path of a PXE boot image, here pxegrub. You have to replace the MAC address of the Ethernet card of the client and the directory where you will put the client files with the one you use.</note> |
|
|
532 | |
|
|
533 | <pre caption="dhcp.conf"> |
|
|
534 | option option-150 code 150 = text ; |
|
|
535 | host eta { |
|
|
536 | hardware ethernet 00:00:00:00:00:00; |
|
|
537 | fixed-address <c>ip.add.re.ss</c>; |
|
|
538 | option option-150 "/eta/boot/grub.lst"; |
|
|
539 | filename "/eta/boot/pxegrub"; |
|
|
540 | } |
|
|
541 | </pre> |
|
|
542 | |
|
|
543 | <p>For TFTP, emerge <c>app-admin/tftp-hpa</c>. In <c>/etc/conf.d/in.tftpd</c>, put the following :</p> |
|
|
544 | |
|
|
545 | <pre caption="in.tftpd"> |
|
|
546 | INTFTPD_PATH="/diskless" |
|
|
547 | INTFTPD_USER="nobody" |
|
|
548 | INTFTPD_OPTS="-u ${INTFTPD_USER} -l -vvvvvv -p -c -s ${INTFTPD_PATH}" |
|
|
549 | </pre> |
|
|
550 | |
|
|
551 | <p>Setup GRUB: To provide PXE booting I use GRUB. You have to compile it by yourself to enable the PXE image compilation ... but that's quite easy. First, get the latest version of the GRUB source code (<c>emerge -f grub</c> will place the tarball in <c>/usr/portage/distfiles</c>). Copy the tarball to <c>/diskless</c> and then build it to make the pxe capable binary. Once the binary is built, copy it to the diskless client's boot directory. Then edit it's grub.lst config file.</p> |
|
|
552 | |
|
|
553 | <pre caption="grub setup"> |
|
|
554 | # <i>tar zxvf grub-0.92.tar.gz</i> |
|
|
555 | # <i>cd grub-0.92</i> |
|
|
556 | # <i>./configure --help</i> |
|
|
557 | <codenote>In the options you will see a list of supported network interface drivers. </codenote> |
|
|
558 | <codenote>Select the driver compatible with your card. Herein referenced a $nic</codenote> |
|
|
559 | # <i>./configure --enable-diskless --enable-$nic</i> |
|
|
560 | # <i>make</i> |
|
|
561 | # <i>cd stage2</i> |
|
|
562 | # <i>cp pxegrub /diskless/eta/boot/pxegrub</i> |
|
|
563 | # <i>nano -w /diskless/eta/boot/grub.lst</i> |
|
|
564 | </pre> |
|
|
565 | |
|
|
566 | <pre caption="grub.lst"> |
|
|
567 | default 0 |
|
|
568 | timeout 30 |
|
|
569 | |
|
|
570 | title=Diskless Gentoo |
|
|
571 | root (nd) |
|
|
572 | kernel /eta/bzImage ip=dhcp root=/dev/nfs nfsroot=<c>ip.add.re.ss</c>:/diskless/eta |
|
|
573 | |
|
|
574 | <codenote>For the nfsroot option, the IP address is the one of the server and </codenote> |
|
|
575 | <codenote>the directory is the one where your diskless client files are located (on the server).</codenote> |
|
|
576 | </pre> |
|
|
577 | |
|
|
578 | <p>Setup NFS: NFS is quite easy to configure. The only thing you have to do is to add a line on the <c>/etc/exports</c> config file :</p> |
|
|
579 | |
|
|
580 | <pre caption="/etc/exports"> |
|
|
581 | # <i>nano -w /etc/exports</i> |
|
|
582 | NFS file systems being exported. See exports(5). |
|
|
583 | /diskless/eta eta(rw,sync,no_root_squash) |
|
|
584 | </pre> |
|
|
585 | |
|
|
586 | <p>Update your hosts: One important thing to do now is to modify your <c>/etc/hosts</c> file to fit your needs. </p> |
|
|
587 | |
|
|
588 | <pre caption="/etc/hosts"> |
|
|
589 | 127.0.0.1 localhost |
|
|
590 | |
|
|
591 | 192.168.1.10 eta.example.com eta |
|
|
592 | 192.168.1.20 sigma.example.com sigma |
|
|
593 | </pre> |
|
|
594 | </body> |
|
|
595 | </section> |
|
|
596 | |
|
|
597 | <section><title>Creating the system on the server</title> |
|
|
598 | |
|
|
599 | <body> |
|
|
600 | |
|
|
601 | <p>Reboot the server on a Gentoo LiveCD. Follow the standard install procedure as explained in the Gentoo Install Howto BUT with the following differences. When you mount the file system, do the following (where hdaX is the partition where you created the /diskless directory). You do not need to mount any other partitions as all of the files will reside in the <c>/diskless/eta</c> directory.</p> |
|
|
602 | |
|
|
603 | <pre caption="mounting the filesystem"> |
|
|
604 | #<i> mount /dev/hda3 /mnt/gentoo</i> |
|
|
605 | </pre> |
|
|
606 | |
|
|
607 | <p>Stage tarballs and chroot: This example uses a stage3 tarball. Mount <c>/proc</c> to your diskless directory and chroot into it to continue with the install. Then follow the installation manual until kernel configuration.</p> |
|
|
608 | |
|
|
609 | <warn>Be very careful where you extract your stage tarball. You don't want to end up extracting over your existing installation.</warn> |
|
|
610 | |
|
|
611 | <pre caption="extracting the stage tarball"> |
|
|
612 | # <i>cd /mnt/gentoo/diskless/eta/</i> |
|
|
613 | # <i>tar -xvjpf /mnt/cdrom/gentoo/stage3-*.tar.bz2</i> |
|
|
614 | # <i>mount -t proc /proc /mnt/gentoo/diskless/eta/proc</i> |
|
|
615 | # <i>cp /etc/resolv.conf /mnt/gentoo/diskless/eta/etc/resolv.conf</i> |
|
|
616 | # <i>chroot /mnt/gentoo/diskless/eta/ /bin/bash</i> |
|
|
617 | # <i>env-update</i> |
|
|
618 | # <i>source /etc/profile</i> |
|
|
619 | </pre> |
|
|
620 | |
|
|
621 | <p>Kernel configuration: When you do the <c>make menuconfig</c> of your kernel configuration, don't forget to enable the following options with the others recommended into the install howto.</p> |
|
|
622 | |
|
|
623 | <pre caption="menuconfig options"> |
|
|
624 | - Your network card device support |
|
|
625 | |
|
|
626 | - Under "Networking options" : |
|
|
627 | |
|
|
628 | [*] TCP/IP networking |
|
|
629 | [*] IP: kernel level autoconfiguration |
|
|
630 | [*] IP: DHCP support |
|
|
631 | [*] IP: BOOTP support |
|
|
632 | |
|
|
633 | |
|
|
634 | - Under "File systems --> Network File Systems" : |
|
|
635 | |
|
|
636 | <*> NFS file system support |
|
|
637 | [*] Provide NFSv3 client support |
|
|
638 | [*] Root file system on NFS |
|
|
639 | </pre> |
|
|
640 | |
|
|
641 | <p>Next configure your diskless client's <c>/etc/fstab</c>.</p> |
|
|
642 | |
|
|
643 | <pre caption="/etc/fstab"> |
|
|
644 | # <i>nano -w /etc/fstab</i> |
|
|
645 | /dev/cdroms/cdrom0 /mnt/cdrom iso9660 noauto,ro 0 0 |
|
|
646 | proc /proc proc defaults 0 0 |
|
|
647 | tmpfs /dev/shm tmpfs defaults 0 0 |
|
|
648 | </pre> |
|
|
649 | |
|
|
650 | <p>Bootloader. Dont install another bootloader because we already have one - pxegrub. Simply finish the install and restart the server. Start the services you'll need to boot the new client: DHCP, TFTPD, and NFS.</p> |
|
|
651 | |
|
|
652 | <pre caption="Starting services"> |
|
|
653 | # <i>/etc/init.d/dhcp start</i> |
|
|
654 | # <i>/etc/init.d/tftpd start</i> |
|
|
655 | # <i>/etc/init.d/nfs start</i> |
|
|
656 | </pre> |
|
|
657 | |
|
|
658 | </body></section> |
|
|
659 | |
|
|
660 | <section><title>Booting the new client</title> |
|
|
661 | <body> |
|
|
662 | <p>For the new client to boot properly, you'll need to configure the bios and the network card to use PXE as the first boot method - before CD-ROM or floppy. For help with this consult your hardware manuals or maufacturers website. The network card should get an IP address using DHCP and download the GRUB PXE image using TFTP. Then, you should see a nice black and white GRUB bootmenu where you will select the kernel to boot and press Enter. If everything is ok the kernel should boot, mount the root filesystem using NFS and provide you with a login prompt. Enjoy.</p> |
|
|
663 | </body></section> |
|
|
664 | |
|
|
665 | </chapter> |
| 205 | |
666 | |
| 206 | |
667 | |
| 207 | |
668 | |
| 208 | <chapter> <title>Installing Gentoo from an existing Linux distribution </title> |
669 | <chapter> <title>Installing Gentoo from an existing Linux distribution </title> |
| 209 | <section> <title> Requirements </title> |
670 | <section> <title> Requirements </title> |
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