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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
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<!-- $Header: /var/cvsroot/gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en/dri-howto.xml,v 1.23 2005/07/27 12:45:04 fox2mike Exp $ -->
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<!DOCTYPE guide SYSTEM "/dtd/guide.dtd">
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<guide link="/doc/en/dri-howto.xml">
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<title>Hardware 3D Acceleration Guide</title>
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<author title="Author">
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<mail link="spyderous@gentoo.org">Donnie Berkholz</mail>
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</author>
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<author title="Editor">
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<mail link="peesh@gentoo.org">Jorge Paulo</mail>
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</author>
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<abstract>
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This document is a guide to getting 3D acceleration working using X11-DRM
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with Xorg in Gentoo Linux.
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</abstract>
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<license/>
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<version>1.0.12</version>
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<date>2005-07-28</date>
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<chapter>
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<title>Introduction</title>
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<section>
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<title>What is hardware 3D acceleration and why do I want it?</title>
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<body>
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<p>
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With hardware 3D acceleration, three-dimensional rendering uses the graphics
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processor on your video card instead of taking up valuable CPU resources
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drawing 3D images. It's also referred to as "hardware acceleration" instead of
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"software acceleration" because without this 3D acceleration your CPU is forced
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to draw everything itself using the Mesa software rendering libraries, which
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takes up quite a bit of processing power. While Xorg typically supports 2D
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hardware acceleration, it often lacks hardware 3D acceleration.
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Three-dimensional hardware acceleration is valuable in situations requiring
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rendering of 3D objects such as games, 3D CAD and modeling.
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</p>
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</body>
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</section>
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<section>
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<title>How do I get hardware 3D acceleration?</title>
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<body>
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<p>
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In many cases, both binary and open-source drivers exist. Open-source drivers
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are preferable since we're using Linux and open source is one of its underlying
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principles. Sometimes, binary drivers are the only option, like with nVidia's
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cards. Binary drivers include media-video/nvidia-kernel and
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media-video/nvidia-glx for nVidia cards, media-video/mgavideo for Matrox cards
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and media-video/ati-drivers for ATI cards. Other open-source drivers include
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media-video/kyro-kernel for KyroII cards and media-video/ati-gatos for ATI
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cards, which aim to support ATI's video capabilities more fully.
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</p>
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</body>
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</section>
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<section>
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<title>What is DRI?</title>
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<body>
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<p>
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The Direct Rendering Infrastructure (<uri
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link="http://dri.sourceforge.net">dri.sourceforge.net</uri>), also known as the
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DRI, is a framework for allowing direct access to graphics hardware in a safe
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and efficient manner. It includes changes to the X server, to several client
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libraries and to the kernel. The first major use for the DRI is to create fast
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OpenGL implementations.
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</p>
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</body>
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</section>
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<section>
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<title>What is X11-DRM and how does it relate to regular Xorg?</title>
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<body>
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<p>
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X11-DRM is an <e>enhancement</e> to Xorg that adds 3D acceleration for
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cards by adding the kernel module necessary for direct rendering.
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</p>
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</body>
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</section>
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<section>
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<title>Purpose</title>
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<body>
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<p>
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This guide is for people who can't get direct rendering working with just
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Xorg. X11-DRM works for 3dfx, gamma, i8x0, matrox, rage128, radeon, mach64
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and sis300 series drivers. See the <uri
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link="http://dri.sourceforge.net">DRI homepage</uri> for more info and
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documentation.
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</p>
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</body>
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</section>
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<section>
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<title>Feedback</title>
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<body>
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<p>
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With suggestions, questions, etc., e-mail <mail
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link="spyderous@gentoo.org">Donnie Berkholz</mail>.
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</p>
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</body>
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</section>
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</chapter>
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<chapter>
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<title>Install Xorg and configure your kernel</title>
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<section>
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<title>Install Xorg</title>
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<body>
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<p>
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Please read our <uri link="/doc/en/xorg-config.xml">Xorg Configuration
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Guide</uri> to get Xorg up and running.
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</p>
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</body>
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</section>
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<section>
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<title>Configure your kernel</title>
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<body>
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<p>
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Probe for your chipset and enable just that one.
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</p>
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<pre caption="Checking your AGP chipset">
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# <i>emerge pciutils; lspci | grep AGP</i>
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# <i>00:01.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corp. 440BX/ZX/DX - 82443BX/ZX/DX AGP bridge (rev 03)</i>
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<comment>(Your output may not match the above due to different hardware.)</comment>
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</pre>
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<p>
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If your chipset is not supported by the kernel you might have some succes by
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passing <c>agp=try_unsupported</c> as a kernel parameter. This will use Intel's
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generic routines for AGP support. To add this parameter, edit your bootloader
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configuration file!
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</p>
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<p>
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Most, if not all, kernels should have these options. This was configured using
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gentoo-sources-2.4.20-r5.
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</p>
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<pre caption="Configuring the kernel">
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# <i>ls -l /usr/src/linux </i>
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lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 22 May 29 18:20 /usr/src/linux -> linux-2.4.20-gentoo-r5
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<comment>(Make sure /usr/src/linux links to your current kernel.)</comment>
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# <i>cd /usr/src/linux</i>
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# <i>make menuconfig</i>
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</pre>
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<pre caption="make menuconfig options">
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Processor type and features --->
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<*> MTRR (Memory Type Range Register) support
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Character devices --->
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<M> /dev/agpgart (AGP Support)
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[*] Intel 440LX/BX/GX and I815/I820/I830M/I830MP/I840/I845/I850/I860 support
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<comment>(Enable your chipset instead of the above.)</comment>
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< > Direct Rendering Manager (XFree86 4.1.0 and higher DRI support)
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</pre>
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<p>
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If you use a 2.4 kernel, make sure the Direct Rendering Manager (DRM) is
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<e>off</e>. The X11-DRM package will provide its own. 2.6 kernel users should
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<e>enable</e> the Direct Rendering Manager (DRM) as the X11-DRM package
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currently does not support 2.6 kernels yet.
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</p>
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</body>
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</section>
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<section>
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<title>Compile and install your kernel</title>
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<body>
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<pre caption="Compiling and installing kernel">
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# <i>make dep && make clean bzImage modules modules_install</i>
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# <i>mount /boot</i>
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# <i>cp arch/i386/boot/bzImage /boot</i>
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</pre>
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<p>
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If you want your kernel to be named something other than bzImage, be sure to
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copy to /boot/yourname instead. Don't forget to set up grub.conf or lilo.conf
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and run /sbin/lilo if you use LILO.
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</p>
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</body>
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</section>
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</chapter>
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<chapter>
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<title>Install X11-DRM and configure direct rendering</title>
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<section>
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<title>Install X11-DRM</title>
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<body>
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<warn>
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If you are a 2.6 kernel user, skip this section and go to <uri
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link="#configure_xorg">Configure Xorg.conf</uri>.
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</warn>
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<pre caption="Installing X11-DRM">
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# <i>emerge x11-drm</i>
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</pre>
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</body>
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</section>
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<section id="configure_xorg">
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<title>Configure Xorg.conf</title>
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<body>
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<p>
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Some chipsets require you to rebuild <c>xorg-x11</c> with
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<c>USE="insecure-drivers"</c>. This applies to mach64, unichrome and savage
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chipsets on xorg-x11-6.8.2, and to mach64 and unichrome on xorg-x11-6.8.99.x.
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Savage users should not try xorg-x11-6.8.99.x as support for the savage there
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is broken.
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</p>
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<pre caption="Rebuilding xorg-x11">
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# <i>vim /etc/portage/package.use</i>
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<comment>(Add the following line if you use one of the abovementioned chipsets)</comment>
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x11-base/xorg-x11 insecure-drivers
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# <i>emerge xorg-x11</i>
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</pre>
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<p>
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Open <path>/etc/X11/xorg.conf</path> with your favorite text editor and edit
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it to enable DRI and GLX.
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</p>
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<pre caption="xorg.conf">
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...
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Section "Module"
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Load "dri"
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Load "glx"
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...
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EndSection
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...
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Section "Device"
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Driver "radeon"
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...
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EndSection
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...
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Section "dri"
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Mode 0666
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EndSection
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</pre>
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<p>
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If you are using a different driver, replace "radeon" with yours.
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</p>
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</body>
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</section>
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| 266 |
</chapter>
|
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| 268 |
<chapter>
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<title>Test 3D acceleration</title>
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<section>
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<title>Reboot to the new kernel</title>
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<body>
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| 274 |
<p>
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Reboot your computer to your new kernel. It's time to see if you have direct
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rendering and how good it is.
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</p>
|
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<pre caption="Testing rendering">
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# <i>startx</i>
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<comment>(No need to load modules for your driver or agpgart, if you compiled agpgart as a module.)</comment>
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<comment>(They will be loaded automatically.)</comment>
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| 283 |
# <i>glxinfo | grep rendering</i>
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direct rendering: Yes
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<comment>(If it says "No," you don't have 3D acceleration.)</comment>
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| 286 |
# <i>glxgears</i>
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<comment>(Test your frames per second (FPS) at the default size. The number should be )</comment>
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| 288 |
<comment>(significantly higher than before installing x11-drm. Do this while the CPU is as idle as possible.)</comment>
|
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</pre>
|
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</body>
|
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</section>
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</chapter>
|
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|
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<chapter>
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<title>Using the CVS sources</title>
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<section>
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| 298 |
<body>
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<warn>
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Don't do this if the package worked.
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</warn>
|
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</body>
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</section>
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<section>
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<title>Do you need the CVS?</title>
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| 308 |
<body>
|
| 309 |
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<p>
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First you have to check whether the x11-drm package works. If it doesn't and
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you have checked your logs to verify it's not a configuration error, you might
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want to consider the CVS sources. There are also daily driver snapshots
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available if you do not wish to build the full CVS.
|
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</p>
|
| 316 |
|
| 317 |
</body>
|
| 318 |
</section>
|
| 319 |
<section>
|
| 320 |
<title>Do the CVS sources support your card?</title>
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| 321 |
<body>
|
| 322 |
|
| 323 |
<p>
|
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Check the DRI <uri
|
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link="http://dri.sourceforge.net/cgi-bin/moin.cgi/Status">supported cards
|
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list</uri> to see if the CVS supports your card. Even if it doesn't, but it
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supports a similar card, try it.
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</p>
|
| 329 |
|
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<!-- I see a couple of 8x AGP stuff on the Internet about vanilla 2.4 kernels;
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is this now available or not? I've commented it out for the time being,
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hoping that this doesn't affect us :)
|
| 333 |
|
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<warn>
|
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"Linux 2.4 doesn't support agp 8x, so I had to go find a backport. The backport
|
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works .... it doesn't patch quite properly, and it requires 2.4.21 (I've only
|
| 337 |
gotten it to work with vanilla, straight from the tarball (not ebuild)). First
|
| 338 |
go get the 2.4.20-2.4.21 patch from kernel.org .... (then get the patch,) It
|
| 339 |
was on a mailing list somewhere. It doesn't patch cleanly - - one file fails,
|
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the pci_ids.h file, but if you actually read the file and the reject list, it's
|
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very easy to fix. But it does load, and it gives me 1600x1200 with video
|
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(although a bit slow b/c of lack of dga) with xfree-drm." (SanityInAnarchy on
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#gentoo)
|
| 344 |
</warn>
|
| 345 |
|
| 346 |
<impo>
|
| 347 |
The patch is a little tricky to work with but <uri
|
| 348 |
link="http://www.ussg.iu.edu/hypermail/linux/kernel/0302.2/att-1618/01-agp3.diff.bz2">here's
|
| 349 |
the link</uri>. If you can disable 8X AGP in your BIOS, change it to 4X and you
|
| 350 |
may not need the patch.
|
| 351 |
</impo>
|
| 352 |
-->
|
| 353 |
|
| 354 |
</body>
|
| 355 |
</section>
|
| 356 |
<section>
|
| 357 |
<title>Follow the CVS Instructions</title>
|
| 358 |
<body>
|
| 359 |
|
| 360 |
<p>
|
| 361 |
The DRI project has a document about CVS compiling themselves. Please read <uri
|
| 362 |
link="http://dri.sourceforge.net/cgi-bin/moin.cgi/Building">the document</uri>
|
| 363 |
and follow the instructions up to the <e>Installing for X.org</e> part.
|
| 364 |
</p>
|
| 365 |
|
| 366 |
</body>
|
| 367 |
</section>
|
| 368 |
<section>
|
| 369 |
<title>Install the CVS</title>
|
| 370 |
<body>
|
| 371 |
|
| 372 |
<p>
|
| 373 |
Verify that the DRI kernel module(s) for your system were built:
|
| 374 |
</p>
|
| 375 |
|
| 376 |
<pre caption="Verification">
|
| 377 |
# <i>cd ~/DRI-CVS/build/xc/programs/Xserver/hw/xfree86/os-support/linux/drm/kernel; ls</i>
|
| 378 |
</pre>
|
| 379 |
|
| 380 |
<p>
|
| 381 |
For the 3dfx Voodoo, you should see <path>tdfx.o</path>. For the Matrox
|
| 382 |
G200/G400, you should see <path>mga.o</path>. For the ATI Rage 128, you should
|
| 383 |
see <path>r128.o</path>. For the ATI Radeon, you should see
|
| 384 |
<path>radeon.o</path>. For the Intel i810, you should see <path>i810.o</path>.
|
| 385 |
If the DRI kernel module(s) failed to build, you should verify that you're
|
| 386 |
using the right version of the Linux kernel. The most recent kernels are not
|
| 387 |
always supported.
|
| 388 |
</p>
|
| 389 |
|
| 390 |
<p>
|
| 391 |
Install over your X.org installation. You may wish to back up xorg-x11.
|
| 392 |
</p>
|
| 393 |
|
| 394 |
<pre caption="Backing up Xorg">
|
| 395 |
# <i>quickpkg xorg-x11</i>
|
| 396 |
<comment>(This backs up your Xorg-X11 package.)</comment>
|
| 397 |
# <i>make install</i>
|
| 398 |
</pre>
|
| 399 |
|
| 400 |
<p>
|
| 401 |
Follow the "Configure Xorg" section above.
|
| 402 |
</p>
|
| 403 |
|
| 404 |
<p>
|
| 405 |
To load the appropriate DRM module in your running kernel, copy the kernel
|
| 406 |
module to <path>/lib/modules/`uname -r`/kernel/drivers/char/drm/</path> then
|
| 407 |
run <c>modules-update</c> and restart your X server. If you're not running the
|
| 408 |
kernel you'll be using it in, instead of <c>`uname -r`,</c> use that kernel's
|
| 409 |
name.
|
| 410 |
</p>
|
| 411 |
|
| 412 |
<warn>
|
| 413 |
Make sure you first unload any older DRI kernel modules that might be already
|
| 414 |
loaded. Note that some DRM modules require that the agpgart module be loaded
|
| 415 |
first.
|
| 416 |
</warn>
|
| 417 |
|
| 418 |
</body>
|
| 419 |
</section>
|
| 420 |
</chapter>
|
| 421 |
|
| 422 |
<chapter>
|
| 423 |
<title>Tweak your performance</title>
|
| 424 |
<section>
|
| 425 |
<title>Get the most out of direct rendering</title>
|
| 426 |
<body>
|
| 427 |
|
| 428 |
<p>
|
| 429 |
A few options may increase performance by up to 30 percent (or more) over the
|
| 430 |
default. Set them in <path>/etc/X11/xorg.conf</path>.
|
| 431 |
</p>
|
| 432 |
|
| 433 |
<pre caption="xorg.conf">
|
| 434 |
Section "Device"
|
| 435 |
Option "AGPMode" "4"
|
| 436 |
<comment>(This increased FPS from 609 to 618.)</comment>
|
| 437 |
Option "AGPFastWrite" "True"
|
| 438 |
<comment>(This had no measurable effect, but it may increase instability of your computer.)</comment>
|
| 439 |
<comment>(You may also need to set it in your BIOS.)</comment>
|
| 440 |
Option "EnablePageFlip" "True"
|
| 441 |
<comment>(This improved FPS from 618 to 702. It also is "risky" but few people have reported problems.)</comment>
|
| 442 |
...
|
| 443 |
EndSection
|
| 444 |
</pre>
|
| 445 |
|
| 446 |
<p>
|
| 447 |
If you want to set even more features, check out the <uri
|
| 448 |
link="http://dri.sourceforge.net/doc/dri_driver_features.phtml">features
|
| 449 |
listing</uri> on the DRI Web site.
|
| 450 |
</p>
|
| 451 |
|
| 452 |
</body>
|
| 453 |
</section>
|
| 454 |
</chapter>
|
| 455 |
|
| 456 |
<chapter>
|
| 457 |
<title>Troubleshooting</title>
|
| 458 |
<section>
|
| 459 |
<title>It doesn't work. I just recompiled my kernel or switched to a new one.</title>
|
| 460 |
<body>
|
| 461 |
|
| 462 |
<p>
|
| 463 |
Whenever you rebuild your kernel or switch to another kernel, you'll have to
|
| 464 |
rebuild the kernel module. Note that you don't need to remerge xorg-x11, but
|
| 465 |
you will need to remerge x11-drm.
|
| 466 |
</p>
|
| 467 |
|
| 468 |
</body>
|
| 469 |
</section>
|
| 470 |
|
| 471 |
<section>
|
| 472 |
<title>It doesn't work. I don't have rendering, and I can't tell why.</title>
|
| 473 |
<body>
|
| 474 |
|
| 475 |
<p>
|
| 476 |
Try <c>insmod radeon</c> before you start the X server. Also, try building
|
| 477 |
agpgart into the kernel instead of as a module.
|
| 478 |
</p>
|
| 479 |
|
| 480 |
</body>
|
| 481 |
</section>
|
| 482 |
<section>
|
| 483 |
<title>When I startx, I get this error: "[drm] failed to load kernel module agpgart"</title>
|
| 484 |
<body>
|
| 485 |
|
| 486 |
<p>
|
| 487 |
That's because you compiled agpgart into the kernel instead of as a module.
|
| 488 |
Ignore it unless you're having problems.
|
| 489 |
</p>
|
| 490 |
|
| 491 |
</body>
|
| 492 |
</section>
|
| 493 |
<section>
|
| 494 |
<title>Direct rendering doesn't work, and in /var/log/Xorg.0.log I have an error about driver version too low.</title>
|
| 495 |
<body>
|
| 496 |
|
| 497 |
<p>
|
| 498 |
You aren't using the x11-drm driver. Check if you compiled DRM and the driver
|
| 499 |
into the kernel; you shouldn't have.
|
| 500 |
</p>
|
| 501 |
|
| 502 |
</body>
|
| 503 |
</section>
|
| 504 |
<section>
|
| 505 |
<title>I have a Radeon, and I want TV-Out.</title>
|
| 506 |
<body>
|
| 507 |
|
| 508 |
<p>
|
| 509 |
Check out ati-gatos drivers. <c>emerge -s gatos</c>.
|
| 510 |
</p>
|
| 511 |
|
| 512 |
</body>
|
| 513 |
</section>
|
| 514 |
<section>
|
| 515 |
<title>It doesn't work. My card is so incredibly new and cool that it isn't supported at all.</title>
|
| 516 |
<body>
|
| 517 |
|
| 518 |
<p>
|
| 519 |
Try out the binary drivers. For ati-drivers, a listing is at
|
| 520 |
<uri>http://www.schneider-digital.de/html/download_ati.php</uri>. If those
|
| 521 |
don't support it, use fbdev. It's slow, but it works.
|
| 522 |
</p>
|
| 523 |
|
| 524 |
</body>
|
| 525 |
</section>
|
| 526 |
<section>
|
| 527 |
<title>I have a PCI card and it doesn't work. Help!</title>
|
| 528 |
<body>
|
| 529 |
|
| 530 |
<p>
|
| 531 |
In section "Device" enable ForcePCIMode.
|
| 532 |
</p>
|
| 533 |
|
| 534 |
<pre caption="Enabling ForcePCIMode">
|
| 535 |
Option "ForcePCIMode" "True"
|
| 536 |
</pre>
|
| 537 |
|
| 538 |
</body>
|
| 539 |
</section>
|
| 540 |
</chapter>
|
| 541 |
|
| 542 |
<chapter>
|
| 543 |
<title>Acknowledgments</title>
|
| 544 |
<section>
|
| 545 |
<body>
|
| 546 |
|
| 547 |
<ol>
|
| 548 |
<li>
|
| 549 |
Christopher Webber for suggesting a troubleshooting question about changing
|
| 550 |
or recompiling kernels
|
| 551 |
</li>
|
| 552 |
<li>
|
| 553 |
Steve, for suggesting consistency between the cases of dri and DRI in
|
| 554 |
XF86Config
|
| 555 |
</li>
|
| 556 |
</ol>
|
| 557 |
|
| 558 |
</body>
|
| 559 |
</section>
|
| 560 |
</chapter>
|
| 561 |
|
| 562 |
<chapter>
|
| 563 |
<title>References</title>
|
| 564 |
<section>
|
| 565 |
<body>
|
| 566 |
|
| 567 |
<ol>
|
| 568 |
<li>http://forums.gentoo.org/viewtopic.php?t=46681</li>
|
| 569 |
<li>http://forums.gentoo.org/viewtopic.php?t=29264</li>
|
| 570 |
<li>http://dri.sourceforge.net/</li>
|
| 571 |
<li>http://www.retinalburn.net/linux/dri_status.html</li>
|
| 572 |
</ol>
|
| 573 |
|
| 574 |
</body>
|
| 575 |
</section>
|
| 576 |
</chapter>
|
| 577 |
</guide>
|
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