| 1 |
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> |
| 2 |
<!DOCTYPE guide SYSTEM "/dtd/guide.dtd"> |
| 3 |
<!-- $Header: /var/cvsroot/gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en/gentoo-amd64-faq.xml,v 1.5 2005/09/19 21:50:57 rane Exp $ --> |
| 4 |
|
| 5 |
<guide link="/doc/en/gentoo-amd64-faq.xml"> |
| 6 |
<title>Gentoo Linux/AMD64 Frequently Asked Questions</title> |
| 7 |
|
| 8 |
<author title="Editor"> |
| 9 |
<mail link="lmedinas@gmail.com">Luis Medinas</mail> |
| 10 |
</author> |
| 11 |
<author title="Editor"> |
| 12 |
<mail link="gerrynjr@gentoo.org">Gerald J. Normandin Jr.</mail> |
| 13 |
</author> |
| 14 |
<author title="Editor"> |
| 15 |
<mail link="blubb@gentoo.org">Simon Stelling</mail> |
| 16 |
</author> |
| 17 |
<author title="Editor"> |
| 18 |
<mail link="neysx@gentoo.org">Xavier Neys</mail> |
| 19 |
</author> |
| 20 |
|
| 21 |
<abstract> |
| 22 |
This is the Gentoo Linux/AMD64 Frequently Asked Questions |
| 23 |
</abstract> |
| 24 |
|
| 25 |
<!-- The content of this document is licensed under the CC-BY-SA license --> |
| 26 |
<!-- See http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5 --> |
| 27 |
<license/> |
| 28 |
|
| 29 |
<version>1.3</version> |
| 30 |
<date>2005-09-20</date> |
| 31 |
|
| 32 |
<chapter> |
| 33 |
<title>Questions</title> |
| 34 |
<section> |
| 35 |
<title>Introduction to Gentoo/AMD64 FAQ</title> |
| 36 |
<body> |
| 37 |
|
| 38 |
<p> |
| 39 |
This document contains the most commonly asked questions about Gentoo/AMD64. We |
| 40 |
intend to help and provide useful information about Gentoo/AMD64. Some of these |
| 41 |
questions can be found in forums, irc, or mailing lists. If you have suggestions |
| 42 |
or questions about this FAQ, you are welcome to send an e-mail to the authors |
| 43 |
explaining the problem. |
| 44 |
</p> |
| 45 |
|
| 46 |
</body> |
| 47 |
</section> |
| 48 |
<section> |
| 49 |
<title>Installation</title> |
| 50 |
<body> |
| 51 |
|
| 52 |
<ul> |
| 53 |
<li><uri link="#cflags">What CFLAGS should I use for AMD64/EM64T?</uri></li> |
| 54 |
<li><uri link="#kernel">What kernel should I use?</uri></li> |
| 55 |
<li> |
| 56 |
<uri link="#perfup">Will I have a performance upgrade if I use 64-bit |
| 57 |
system instead of 32-bit?</uri> |
| 58 |
</li> |
| 59 |
<li> |
| 60 |
<uri link="#emul32">How do I get 32-bit emulation for my system?</uri> |
| 61 |
</li> |
| 62 |
<li><uri link="#multilib">What is multilib and how can I use it?</uri></li> |
| 63 |
<li><uri link="#chroot32">How do I create a 32-bit chroot?</uri></li> |
| 64 |
<li> |
| 65 |
<uri link="#upgradex86">Can I upgrade from my x86 system to amd64 by doing |
| 66 |
emerge -e world?</uri> |
| 67 |
</li> |
| 68 |
<li><uri link="#reiser4">Can I use Reiser4?</uri></li> |
| 69 |
</ul> |
| 70 |
|
| 71 |
</body> |
| 72 |
</section> |
| 73 |
<section> |
| 74 |
<title>Hardware</title> |
| 75 |
<body> |
| 76 |
|
| 77 |
<ul> |
| 78 |
<li> |
| 79 |
<uri link="#videobindrivers">Will my binary NVIDIA/ATI drivers work?</uri> |
| 80 |
</li> |
| 81 |
<li> |
| 82 |
<uri link="#coolnquiet">How do I use Cool'n'Quiet/Powernow features?</uri> |
| 83 |
</li> |
| 84 |
</ul> |
| 85 |
|
| 86 |
</body> |
| 87 |
</section> |
| 88 |
<section> |
| 89 |
<title>Applications</title> |
| 90 |
<body> |
| 91 |
|
| 92 |
<ul> |
| 93 |
<li><uri link="#flash">Can I get Macromedia Flash working?</uri></li> |
| 94 |
<li><uri link="#OOo">Can I get OpenOffice.org working?</uri></li> |
| 95 |
<li><uri link="#java">How do I get java working in my browser?</uri></li> |
| 96 |
<li> |
| 97 |
<uri link="#masked">I want to install package foo, but emerge says: (masked |
| 98 |
by: ~amd64 keyword)</uri> |
| 99 |
</li> |
| 100 |
<li> |
| 101 |
<uri link="#keyword">I want to install package foo, but emerge says: |
| 102 |
(masked by: missing keyword)</uri> |
| 103 |
</li> |
| 104 |
</ul> |
| 105 |
|
| 106 |
</body> |
| 107 |
</section> |
| 108 |
<section> |
| 109 |
<title>How can I help the Gentoo/AMD64 project?</title> |
| 110 |
<body> |
| 111 |
|
| 112 |
<ul> |
| 113 |
<li><uri link="#bugs">How do I report bugs?</uri></li> |
| 114 |
<li><uri link="#project">How can I help?</uri></li> |
| 115 |
</ul> |
| 116 |
|
| 117 |
</body> |
| 118 |
</section> |
| 119 |
<section> |
| 120 |
<title>Other Resources</title> |
| 121 |
<body> |
| 122 |
|
| 123 |
<ul> |
| 124 |
<li> |
| 125 |
<uri link="#other">Where can I get more help or information about |
| 126 |
Gentoo/AMD64?</uri> |
| 127 |
</li> |
| 128 |
</ul> |
| 129 |
|
| 130 |
</body> |
| 131 |
</section> |
| 132 |
</chapter> |
| 133 |
|
| 134 |
<chapter> |
| 135 |
<title>Installation</title> |
| 136 |
<section id="cflags"> |
| 137 |
<title>What CFLAGS should I use for AMD64/EM64T?</title> |
| 138 |
<body> |
| 139 |
|
| 140 |
<p> |
| 141 |
You should use simple <c>CFLAGS</c> to avoid future problems with your system. |
| 142 |
For example, you should use <c>CFLAGS="-march=k8 -O2 -pipe"</c> for Athlon64 or |
| 143 |
Opteron and <c>CFLAGS="-march=nocona -O2 -pipe"</c> for a EM64T processor. If |
| 144 |
you plan to use a 32-bit chroot, you should use <c>CFLAGS="-march=athlon-xp |
| 145 |
-O2 -pipe -msse2"</c> for a AMD64 processor; for a EM64T, you should use |
| 146 |
<c>CFLAGS="-march=pentium4 -O2 -pipe"</c> <e>inside the chroot</e>. |
| 147 |
</p> |
| 148 |
|
| 149 |
<note> |
| 150 |
<c>-march=k8</c> is the same as <c>-march=athlon64</c> and |
| 151 |
<c>-march=opteron</c>. |
| 152 |
</note> |
| 153 |
|
| 154 |
<warn> |
| 155 |
You should <e>never</e> place <c>-fPIC</c>, <c>-m32</c> or <c>-m64</c> in |
| 156 |
your <c>CFLAGS</c>. They are automatically added whenever they are needed. |
| 157 |
Please also note that the <c>-Os</c> flag is currently not supported. |
| 158 |
</warn> |
| 159 |
|
| 160 |
</body> |
| 161 |
</section> |
| 162 |
<section id="kernel"> |
| 163 |
<title>What kernel should I use for AMD64?</title> |
| 164 |
<body> |
| 165 |
|
| 166 |
<p> |
| 167 |
You can use almost all kernel sources available in Portage. We recommend using |
| 168 |
<c>gentoo-sources</c> because it is a special kernel designed for Gentoo Linux. |
| 169 |
It contains lots of AMD64-specific patches and therefore is the only kernel |
| 170 |
officially supported by Gentoo/AMD64. You can try <c>vanilla-sources</c> as |
| 171 |
well. If you feel brave or you need extra hardware support, you can always try |
| 172 |
the experimental kernel from Andrew Morton called <c>mm-sources</c>. |
| 173 |
</p> |
| 174 |
|
| 175 |
<warn> |
| 176 |
You should watch out for some kernel features which are not well tested, such |
| 177 |
as <c>PREEMPT</c>. |
| 178 |
</warn> |
| 179 |
|
| 180 |
</body> |
| 181 |
</section> |
| 182 |
<section id="perfup"> |
| 183 |
<title>Will I have a performance upgrade if I use 64-bit system instead of 32-bit?</title> |
| 184 |
<body> |
| 185 |
|
| 186 |
<p> |
| 187 |
That is a difficult question to answer. In some cases, you will experience a |
| 188 |
performance improvement, in other cases you will not. For everyday use, there |
| 189 |
is nearly no difference between 64-bit and 32-bit. 64-bit is generally faster |
| 190 |
when it comes to floating point computing which is normally the case in |
| 191 |
multimedia applications and 3D rendering. This <uri |
| 192 |
link="http://enterprise.linux.com/enterprise/05/06/09/1413209.shtml?tid=121">article</uri> |
| 193 |
may interest you. There's also a nice <uri |
| 194 |
link="http://forums.gentoo.org/viewtopic-t-349691.html">thread</uri> in our |
| 195 |
<uri link="http://forums.gentoo.org">forums</uri>. |
| 196 |
</p> |
| 197 |
|
| 198 |
</body> |
| 199 |
</section> |
| 200 |
<section id="emul32"> |
| 201 |
<title>How do I get 32-bit emulation for my system?</title> |
| 202 |
<body> |
| 203 |
|
| 204 |
<p> |
| 205 |
You have to install a few packages to get 32-bit libraries into your system. |
| 206 |
These packages are automatically pulled in as dependencies for 32-bit |
| 207 |
applications by Portage, so there is no need to manually emerge them. You can |
| 208 |
install such packages by doing: |
| 209 |
</p> |
| 210 |
|
| 211 |
<pre caption="Installing 32-bit libraries"> |
| 212 |
# <i>emerge emul-linux-x86-baselibs</i> |
| 213 |
# <i>emerge emul-linux-x86-compat</i> |
| 214 |
# <i>emerge emul-linux-x86-glibc</i> |
| 215 |
</pre> |
| 216 |
|
| 217 |
<p> |
| 218 |
Furthermore, you need the <c>IA32_EMULATION</c> option activated in the kernel. |
| 219 |
</p> |
| 220 |
|
| 221 |
<pre caption="Activating IA32 Emulation in Kernel source"> |
| 222 |
# <i>cd /usr/src/linux</i> |
| 223 |
# <i>make menuconfig</i> |
| 224 |
|
| 225 |
Executable file formats / Emulations ---> |
| 226 |
[*] IA32 Emulation |
| 227 |
</pre> |
| 228 |
|
| 229 |
</body> |
| 230 |
</section> |
| 231 |
<section id="multilib"> |
| 232 |
<title>What is multilib and how can I use it?</title> |
| 233 |
<body> |
| 234 |
|
| 235 |
<p> |
| 236 |
Every AMD64 processor is able to run 32-bit code as well as 64-bit code. |
| 237 |
However, when you have a 32-bit application, you are unable to mix it with |
| 238 |
64-bit libraries or vice versa. You can, however, natively run 32-bit |
| 239 |
applications if all shared libraries it needs are available as 32-bit objects. |
| 240 |
You can choose whether you want multilib support or not by selecting the |
| 241 |
according profile. The default is a multilib-enabled profile. |
| 242 |
</p> |
| 243 |
|
| 244 |
<note> |
| 245 |
If you are using an old profile (2004.3 or older), please upgrade to 2005.0 and |
| 246 |
read the <uri |
| 247 |
link="/proj/en/base/amd64/howtos/index.xml?part=1&chap=1">2005.0 Upgrade |
| 248 |
Guide</uri> carefully. |
| 249 |
</note> |
| 250 |
|
| 251 |
</body> |
| 252 |
</section> |
| 253 |
<section id="chroot32"> |
| 254 |
<title>How do I create a 32-bit chroot?</title> |
| 255 |
<body> |
| 256 |
|
| 257 |
<p> |
| 258 |
Please read the <uri |
| 259 |
link="/proj/en/base/amd64/howtos/index.xml?part=1&chap=3">32-bit chroot |
| 260 |
guide</uri>. |
| 261 |
</p> |
| 262 |
|
| 263 |
</body> |
| 264 |
</section> |
| 265 |
<section id="upgradex86"> |
| 266 |
<title>Can I upgrade from my x86 system to amd64 by doing emerge -e world?</title> |
| 267 |
<body> |
| 268 |
|
| 269 |
<p> |
| 270 |
Due to several differences between an <c>x86</c> and an <c>amd64</c> |
| 271 |
installation, it is impossible to upgrade. Please perform a fresh install. The |
| 272 |
installation is slightly different than an x86 one, so please use the |
| 273 |
<uri link="/doc/en/handbook/handbook-amd64.xml">AMD64 Handbook</uri>. |
| 274 |
</p> |
| 275 |
|
| 276 |
</body> |
| 277 |
</section> |
| 278 |
<section id="reiser4"> |
| 279 |
<title>Can I use Reiser4?</title> |
| 280 |
<body> |
| 281 |
|
| 282 |
<p> |
| 283 |
Reiser4 is <e>broken</e> and will <e>cause data corruption</e>. You can try |
| 284 |
previous version of ReiserFS, but it is not recommended. |
| 285 |
</p> |
| 286 |
|
| 287 |
</body> |
| 288 |
</section> |
| 289 |
</chapter> |
| 290 |
|
| 291 |
<chapter> |
| 292 |
<title>Hardware</title> |
| 293 |
<section id="videobindrivers"> |
| 294 |
<title>Will my binary NVIDIA/ATI drivers work?</title> |
| 295 |
<body> |
| 296 |
|
| 297 |
<p> |
| 298 |
Yes, NVIDIA and ATI provide drivers that work on AMD64. You can install them by |
| 299 |
executing <c>emerge nvidia-kernel</c> or <c>emerge ati-drivers</c>. If you have |
| 300 |
more questions about these drivers, you should read the <uri |
| 301 |
link="/doc/en/nvidia-guide.xml">Nvidia guide</uri> or the <uri |
| 302 |
link="/doc/en/ati-faq.xml">ATI FAQ</uri>. |
| 303 |
</p> |
| 304 |
|
| 305 |
</body> |
| 306 |
</section> |
| 307 |
<section id="coolnquiet"> |
| 308 |
<title>How do I use Cool'n'Quiet/Powernow features?</title> |
| 309 |
<body> |
| 310 |
|
| 311 |
<p> |
| 312 |
You have to compile your kernel with support for these features. You just need |
| 313 |
to enable the features below: |
| 314 |
</p> |
| 315 |
|
| 316 |
<pre caption="Kernel options for Cool'n'Quiet/Powernow"> |
| 317 |
Power management options ---> |
| 318 |
[*] Power Management support |
| 319 |
CPU Frequency scaling ---> |
| 320 |
[*] CPU Frequency scaling |
| 321 |
[*] CPU frequency table helpers |
| 322 |
[*] AMD Opteron/Athlon64 PowerNow! |
| 323 |
</pre> |
| 324 |
|
| 325 |
<p> |
| 326 |
Then <c>emerge cpudyn</c> and edit <path>/etc/conf.d/cpudyn</path> with your |
| 327 |
favorite editor. |
| 328 |
</p> |
| 329 |
|
| 330 |
<pre caption="Example of /etc/conf.d/cpudyn"> |
| 331 |
INTERVAL=1 |
| 332 |
CPU_UP=0.5 |
| 333 |
CPU_DOWN=0.9 |
| 334 |
THROTTLING_LOW=7 |
| 335 |
CPUFREQ_25="/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq /sysfs/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq" |
| 336 |
CPUFREQ_ACPI="/proc/acpi/processor/CPU0/throttling" |
| 337 |
</pre> |
| 338 |
|
| 339 |
<p> |
| 340 |
Now you only have to run <c>rc-update add cpudyn default</c> to make sure it is |
| 341 |
started every time you boot. |
| 342 |
</p> |
| 343 |
|
| 344 |
</body> |
| 345 |
</section> |
| 346 |
</chapter> |
| 347 |
|
| 348 |
<chapter> |
| 349 |
<title>Applications</title> |
| 350 |
<section id="flash"> |
| 351 |
<title>Can I get Macromedia Flash working?</title> |
| 352 |
<body> |
| 353 |
|
| 354 |
<p> |
| 355 |
Yes. To get Flash working, you need a 32-bit browser like <c>mozilla-bin</c>, |
| 356 |
<c>mozilla-firefox-bin</c> or <c>opera</c> because Macromedia doesn't provide a |
| 357 |
64-bit version. After emerging the -bin-package of your favorite browser, |
| 358 |
install flash by doing <c>emerge netscape-flash</c>. |
| 359 |
</p> |
| 360 |
|
| 361 |
</body> |
| 362 |
</section> |
| 363 |
<section id="OOo"> |
| 364 |
<title>Can I get OpenOffice.org working?</title> |
| 365 |
<body> |
| 366 |
|
| 367 |
<p> |
| 368 |
OpenOffice 1.x does not build on 64-bit systems, so you have to use the 32-bit |
| 369 |
binary version, available in portage as <c>openoffice-bin</c>. |
| 370 |
</p> |
| 371 |
|
| 372 |
</body> |
| 373 |
</section> |
| 374 |
<section id="java"> |
| 375 |
<title>How do I get java working in my browser?</title> |
| 376 |
<body> |
| 377 |
|
| 378 |
<p> |
| 379 |
Blackdown provides a 64-bit JRE. To install it, <c>emerge blackdown-jre</c>. |
| 380 |
Then, perform the following step: |
| 381 |
</p> |
| 382 |
|
| 383 |
<pre caption="Example of java link to browser plugins"> |
| 384 |
# <i>ln -s /opt/blackdown-jre-*/plugin/amd64/mozilla/libjavaplugin_oji.so /usr/lib64/nsbrowser/plugins/libjavaplugin_oji.so</i> |
| 385 |
</pre> |
| 386 |
|
| 387 |
</body> |
| 388 |
</section> |
| 389 |
<section id="masked"> |
| 390 |
<title>I want to install package foo, but emerge says: (masked by: ~amd64 keyword)</title> |
| 391 |
<body> |
| 392 |
|
| 393 |
<p> |
| 394 |
This means that the package is still in the 'testing' tree. Please read <c>man |
| 395 |
portage</c> or the <uri |
| 396 |
link="/doc/en/handbook/handbook-amd64.xml?part=3&chap=3">Mixing Software |
| 397 |
Branches</uri> chapter of the <uri |
| 398 |
link="/doc/en/handbook/handbook-amd64.xml">AMD64 Handbook</uri> for more |
| 399 |
information. |
| 400 |
</p> |
| 401 |
|
| 402 |
</body> |
| 403 |
</section> |
| 404 |
<section id="keyword"> |
| 405 |
<title>I want to install package foo, but emerge says: (masked by: missing keyword)</title> |
| 406 |
<body> |
| 407 |
|
| 408 |
<p> |
| 409 |
This means that the package has not been tested yet. It does <e>not |
| 410 |
necessarily</e> mean that the package does not work. You can unmask it by |
| 411 |
performing the following steps: |
| 412 |
</p> |
| 413 |
|
| 414 |
<pre caption="Example of adding package keywords"> |
| 415 |
# <i>echo "category/package x86" >> /etc/portage/package.keywords</i> |
| 416 |
# <i>emerge package</i> |
| 417 |
</pre> |
| 418 |
|
| 419 |
<p> |
| 420 |
If it works fine for you, please let us know and file a bug on <uri |
| 421 |
link="http://bugs.gentoo.org/">Gentoo's Bugzilla</uri>, so other users can |
| 422 |
benefit too. |
| 423 |
</p> |
| 424 |
|
| 425 |
<warn> |
| 426 |
Do not try commands like <c>ACCEPT_KEYWORDS="~x86" emerge package</c>. It will |
| 427 |
most certainly break your tree. |
| 428 |
</warn> |
| 429 |
|
| 430 |
</body> |
| 431 |
</section> |
| 432 |
</chapter> |
| 433 |
|
| 434 |
<chapter> |
| 435 |
<title>How can help I the Gentoo/AMD64 project?</title> |
| 436 |
<section id="bugs"> |
| 437 |
<title>How do I report bugs?</title> |
| 438 |
<body> |
| 439 |
|
| 440 |
<p> |
| 441 |
If you find a bug or you want to send us patches, you need to file a bug |
| 442 |
report. It only takes you a little while, and your help is really appreciated. |
| 443 |
Please follow the <uri |
| 444 |
link="/proj/en/base/amd64/howtos/index.xml?part=1&chap=2">Filing a Bug |
| 445 |
Guide</uri>. |
| 446 |
</p> |
| 447 |
|
| 448 |
</body> |
| 449 |
</section> |
| 450 |
<section id="project"> |
| 451 |
<title>How can I help?</title> |
| 452 |
<body> |
| 453 |
|
| 454 |
<p> |
| 455 |
With a growing popularity of the amd64 architecture, we also increasingly need |
| 456 |
more help. There's still much work to be done to improve the quality of |
| 457 |
Gentoo/AMD64. An average user can help us by: |
| 458 |
</p> |
| 459 |
|
| 460 |
<ul> |
| 461 |
<li>Filing general bug reports</li> |
| 462 |
<li>Testing software that does not yet have the <c>~amd64</c> keyword</li> |
| 463 |
<li> |
| 464 |
Participating in the <uri |
| 465 |
link="/proj/en/base/amd64/tests/index.xml?part=1&chap=1">Arch Testers |
| 466 |
project</uri> |
| 467 |
</li> |
| 468 |
<li> |
| 469 |
Help answering questions on the mailing lists, forums and IRC channels |
| 470 |
</li> |
| 471 |
<li>Sending patches</li> |
| 472 |
</ul> |
| 473 |
|
| 474 |
</body> |
| 475 |
</section> |
| 476 |
</chapter> |
| 477 |
|
| 478 |
<chapter> |
| 479 |
<title>Other Resources</title> |
| 480 |
<section id="other"> |
| 481 |
<title>Where can I get more help or information about Gentoo/AMD64?</title> |
| 482 |
<body> |
| 483 |
|
| 484 |
<p> |
| 485 |
If any of your questions wasn't answered here, you can try other resources like |
| 486 |
the <uri link="/doc/en/handbook/handbook-amd64.xml">AMD64 Handbook</uri>, the |
| 487 |
<uri link="/proj/en/base/amd64/technotes/index.xml">AMD64 Technotes</uri> or |
| 488 |
<uri link="/proj/en/base/amd64/index.xml">our project homepage</uri>. You can |
| 489 |
also ask us at <c>#gentoo-amd64</c> on <c>irc.freenode.net</c>, <uri |
| 490 |
link="http://forums.gentoo.org/viewforum-f-46.html">Gentoo/AMD64 Forums</uri>, |
| 491 |
or on the <c>gentoo-amd64@lists.gentoo.org</c> mailing list. |
| 492 |
</p> |
| 493 |
|
| 494 |
</body> |
| 495 |
</section> |
| 496 |
</chapter> |
| 497 |
|
| 498 |
</guide> |
Parent Directory
| 
Revision Log