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1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> 1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
2<!-- $Header: /var/cvsroot/gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en/gentoo-freebsd.xml,v 1.20 2006/05/26 19:29:27 nightmorph Exp $ --> 2<!-- $Header: /var/cvsroot/gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en/gentoo-freebsd.xml,v 1.21 2006/10/06 21:48:25 nightmorph Exp $ -->
3<!DOCTYPE guide SYSTEM "/dtd/guide.dtd"> 3<!DOCTYPE guide SYSTEM "/dtd/guide.dtd">
4 4
5<guide link="/doc/en/gentoo-freebsd.xml"> 5<guide link="/doc/en/gentoo-freebsd.xml">
6<title>A short guide to Gentoo/FreeBSD</title> 6<title>A short guide to Gentoo/FreeBSD</title>
7 7
… …
15 <mail link="angusyoung@gentoo.org">Otavio R. Piske</mail> 15 <mail link="angusyoung@gentoo.org">Otavio R. Piske</mail>
16</author> 16</author>
17<author title="Author"> 17<author title="Author">
18 <mail link="ka0ttic@gentoo.org">Aaron Walker</mail> 18 <mail link="ka0ttic@gentoo.org">Aaron Walker</mail>
19</author> 19</author>
20<author title="Author">
21 <mail link="chriswhite@gentoo.org">Chris White</mail>
22</author>
20 23
21<abstract> 24<abstract>
22This document gives some general information on FreeBSD, as well as 25This document gives some general information on FreeBSD, as well as
23installation instructions for Gentoo/FreeBSD. It also includes some reference 26installation instructions for Gentoo/FreeBSD. It also includes some reference
24for people interested in helping out with development. 27for people interested in helping out with development.
… …
26 29
27<!-- The content of this document is licensed under the CC-BY-SA license --> 30<!-- The content of this document is licensed under the CC-BY-SA license -->
28<!-- See http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5 --> 31<!-- See http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5 -->
29<license/> 32<license/>
30 33
31<version>2.5</version> 34<version>2.6</version>
32<date>2006-05-26</date> 35<date>2006-10-06</date>
33 36
34<chapter> 37<chapter>
35<title>Introduction to FreeBSD</title> 38<title>Introduction to FreeBSD</title>
36<section> 39<section>
37<title>What is FreeBSD?</title> 40<title>What is FreeBSD?</title>
… …
123</chapter> 126</chapter>
124 127
125<chapter> 128<chapter>
126<title>Installing Gentoo/FreeBSD</title> 129<title>Installing Gentoo/FreeBSD</title>
127<section> 130<section>
128<title>Installation instructions</title> 131<title>Booting the CD</title>
129<body> 132<body>
130 133
131<p> 134<p>
132After this short introduction, it's about time to finally install 135After this short introduction, it's about time to finally install
133Gentoo/FreeBSD. Unfortunately, we currently lack our own installation media, so 136Gentoo/FreeBSD. Unfortunately, we currently lack our own installation media, so
134you have to choose between two alternative installation methods. The first 137you have to choose between two alternative installation methods. The first
135would be to use an existing FreeBSD installation to partition your hard drive 138would be to use an existing FreeBSD installation to partition your hard drive
136and use it as a base for installing Gentoo/FreeBSD. Alternatively, you can also 139and use it as a base for installing Gentoo/FreeBSD. This guide will describe how
137use the excellent <uri link="http://www.freesbie.org/">FreeSBIE LiveCD</uri> as 140to use the <uri link="http://www.freesbie.org/">FreeSBIE LiveCD</uri> as
138an installation medium for Gentoo/FreeBSD. 141an installation medium for Gentoo/FreeBSD.
139</p> 142</p>
140 143
141<note> 144<note>
142If you are intending to use FreeSBIE for installing Gentoo/FreeBSD, please make 145If you are intending to use FreeSBIE for installing Gentoo/FreeBSD, please make
143sure to use a version based on FreeBSD 6.0! Experimental versions can be downloaded 146sure to use a version based on FreeBSD 6.0! Experimental versions can be downloaded
144from <uri link="http://torrent.freesbie.org/">FreeSBIE's Bittorrent tracker</uri> and 147from <uri link="http://torrent.freesbie.org/">FreeSBIE's Bittorrent tracker</uri> and
145version 20060118 has been tested to work for the purposes described in this document. 148version 20060118 has been tested to work for the purposes described in this document.
146</note> 149</note>
147 150
151<p>
152First, boot the CD in order to begin the installation process. You'll be
153presented with a login screen. The username is <c>freesbie</c>, and there is
154no password. Next, run <c>sudo su</c> to become root, and optionally setup a
155password. If you want to pass time during the installation process, you can run
156<c>startx</c> to enter into an Xfce environment, suitable for web browsing,
157AIM, and other things. Unlike Linux, FreeBSD bases the name of your interface
158on the driver for the interface. For example, the Intel EtherExpress driver
159(fxp) appears as fxp0 (driver fxp, first network card). To see what your
160interface is, use <c>ifconfig</c>:
161</p>
162
163<pre caption="Finding out the network interface name using ifconfig">
164# <i>ifconfig</i>
165fxp0: flags=8843&lt;UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,SIMPLEX,MULTICAST&gt; mtu 1500
166 options=8&lt;VLAN_MTU&gt;
167 inet6 fe80::2d0::b7ff:febc:4fe3%fxp0 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x1
168 inet 192.168.0.106 netmask 0xffffff00 broadcast 192.168.0.255
169 ether 00:d0:b7:bc:4f:e3
170 media: Ethernet autoselect (100baseTX &lt;full-duplex&gt;)
171 status: active
172lo0: flags=8007&lt;LOOPBACK,MULTICAST&gt; mtu 16384
173</pre>
174
175<p>
176If the original DHCP request during the CD bootup failed, you can use the
177<c>dhclient</c> command to obtain an IP:
178</p>
179
180<pre caption="Obtaining a DHCP address using dhclient">
181# <i>dhclient fxp0</i>
182DHCPDISCOVER on fxp0 to 255.255.255.255 port 67 interval 9
183DHCPOFFER from 192.168.0.1
184DHCPREQUEST on fxp0 to 255.255.255.255 port 67
185DHCPACK from 192.168.0.1
186bound to 192.168.0.106 -- renewal in 302400 seconds
187</pre>
188
148<note> 189<note>
149We use <c>ee</c> as a default editor in this guide but you can choose 190The output presented here will differ based on your network.
150<c>vim</c>, <c>nano</c> or any other editor you like to configure your system.
151</note> 191</note>
152 192
153<p> 193<p>
154Before you can begin with the installation, you have to setup a hard disk for 194Next, create the chroot for your installation:
155use with Gentoo/FreeBSD. This can either be done via <c>sysinstall</c>
156(available from a current FreeBSD installation as well as from within FreeSBIE)
157or by manually using the commands <c>fdisk</c>, <c>disklabel</c> and <c>newfs</c>.
158If you have never set up a FreeBSD system before, <c>sysinstall</c> may be the
159better option for you. In that case make sure that you don't use the sysinstall
160launched by FreeBSD's or FreeSBIE's installers, but use the following command instead:
161</p>
162
163<pre caption="Partitioning with sysinstall">
164# <i>sysinstall diskPartitionEditor diskPartitionWrite diskLabelEditor diskLabelCommit</i>
165</pre>
166
167<p> 195</p>
168If you face difficulties
169while partitioning or formatting your hard disks, have a look at the great
170<uri link="http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/">FreeBSD
171Handbook</uri> or hop onto <c>#gentoo-bsd</c> on the Freenode IRC server.
172</p>
173 196
174<p> 197<pre caption="Making the chroot directory">
175Once you're done setting up your disks, you have to create a mount point for
176your Gentoo/FreeBSD installation and mount all the necessary partitions.
177</p>
178
179<pre caption="Creating a mount point and mounting partitions">
180# <i>mkdir /mnt/gentoo</i> 198# <i>mkdir /mnt/gentoo</i>
181<comment>(Replace X with the correct numbers for your hard disk.)</comment>
182# <i>mount /dev/adXsXa /mnt/gentoo</i>
183</pre> 199</pre>
184 200
185<p> 201<note>
186If you're using the FreeSBIE LiveCD and you already had an UFS partition on 202There is a bug in the <uri
187your hard disk, it has already been mounted read-only to <path>/mnt/ufs.1</path>. 203link="http://dev.gentoo.org/~flameeyes/minimal-freesbie-drizzt.iso.bz2">
188If you want to use that location for your installation, you'll have to remount it 204minimal Freesbie CD</uri> that prevents the creation of the
189in read-write mode: 205<path>/mnt/gentoo</path> mount point. To avoid this, use <path>/mnt</path>
206instead of <path>/mnt/gentoo</path> in the following sections.
207</note>
208
209</body>
210</section>
211<section>
212<title>Partitioning the Drive</title>
213<body>
214
190</p> 215<p>
191 216Now that we have a mount point, it's time to partition the drive. This is done
192<pre caption="Remounting a partition in read-write mode"> 217with the <c>sysinstall</c> command:
193# <i>mount -u -o rw /mnt/ufs.1</i>
194</pre>
195
196<p> 218</p>
219
220<pre caption="Running the sysinstall command to fdisk the drive">
221# <i>sysinstall diskPartitionEditor diskPartitionWrite</i>
222</pre>
223
224<p>
225We recommend that you use the default layout. Press enter at the dialog, then
226press <b>a</b> followed by <b>q</b> to accept the default layout. The next
227screen will present you with the option of a bootloader. For this option,
228choose "None" as we'll be installing the bootloader later on. Next comes the
229actual partition sizing and mount points.
230</p>
231
232<p>
233This next step also uses <c>sysinstall</c>, but with different arguments:
234</p>
235
236<pre caption="Running sysinstall to setup partition sizing and mount points">
237# <i>sysinstall diskLabelEditor diskLabelCommit</i>
238</pre>
239
240<p>
241Here, we'll refrain from using the automatic layout, and create one giant root
242partition, followed by a swap partition. Hit <b>c</b> to create a new
243partition. A dialog prompts you to enter a size. Go ahead and do so, using
244MB/GB for setting different sizes, or C for cylinders. For root, choose FS as
245the partition type, and set the mount point as <path>/mnt/gentoo</path>. <e>If
246you do not adjust the mount point, it will overwrite the FreeSBIE
247environment!</e>. As <path>/boot</path> is not a separate partition, you'll
248need to disable soft-updates, or your system will not boot! To do so, use the
249arrow keys to navigate to your newly created partition, then hit the <b>s</b>
250key, until "Newfs" contains no <b>+S</b>. Now navigate the arrow keys until
251the "Disk" line is highlighted, and hit <b>c</b> again to create a swap
252partition. Generally, we recommend a swap space that is twice the size of your
253RAM. Choose SWAP as the partition type, and don't worry about soft-updates, as
254it does not apply to swap. Now we're finished, so hit <b>q</b> to finish the
255process.
256</p>
257
258<p>
259This will finalize the partitioning process, and format the drive in UFS for
260FreeBSD to utilize. This will also mount the drive for you at the mount point
261specified earlier (<path>/mnt/gentoo</path>). You can verify this worked by
262running <c>mount</c>:
263</p>
264
265<pre caption="Verifying the new disk layout was mounted with mount">
266# <i>mount</i>
267...
268/dev/ad0s1d on /mnt/gentoo (ufs, local)
269</pre>
270
271<p>
197Now that you have mounted the target partition, it is time to fetch and unpack 272Now that you have mounted the target partition, it is time to start on the Gentoo
198a stage3 tarball. 273setup.
274</p>
275
276</body>
277</section>
278<section>
279<title>Gentoo Setup</title>
280<body>
281
282<p>
283First, we need to download a stage3 tarball and unpack it into the chroot.
284Point your browser to
285<uri>http://gentoo.osuosl.org/experimental/x86/freebsd/stages/</uri>, grab the
286latest snapshot, and unpack it into the mountpoint:
199</p> 287</p>
200 288
201<pre caption="Obtaining and unpacking a stage3 tarball"> 289<pre caption="Obtaining and unpacking a stage3 tarball">
202# <i>cd /mnt/gentoo/</i> 290# <i>cd /mnt/gentoo/</i>
203<comment>(Any other Gentoo mirror which includes the experimental/ directory will also work.)</comment> 291<comment>(Any other Gentoo mirror which includes the experimental/ directory will also work.)</comment>
204# <i>wget http://gentoo.osuosl.org/experimental/x86/freebsd/stages/gentoo-freebsd-6.1-stage-20060509.tar.bz2</i> 292# <i>wget http://gentoo.osuosl.org/experimental/x86/freebsd/stages/gentoo-freebsd-6.1-stage-20060802.tar.bz2</i>
205# <i>tar -jxvpf gentoo-freebsd-6.1-stage-20060509.tar.bz2</i> 293# <i>tar -jxvpf gentoo-freebsd-6.1-stage-20060802.tar.bz2</i>
206<comment>(You can delete the tarball with the following command if you want to.)</comment> 294<comment>(You can delete the tarball with the following command if you want to.)</comment>
207# <i>rm gentoo-freebsd-6.1-stage-20060509.tar.bz2</i> 295# <i>rm gentoo-freebsd-6.1-stage-20060802.tar.bz2</i>
208</pre> 296</pre>
209 297
210<p> 298<p>
211Before chrooting into the newly-extracted stage, you first must obtain an 299Before chrooting into the newly-extracted stage, you first must obtain an
212up-to-date copy of the Gentoo/FreeBSD overlay. The easiest way to achieve this 300up-to-date copy of the Gentoo/FreeBSD overlay. The easiest way to achieve this
… …
221<comment>(You now can safely delete the snapshot with the following command.)</comment> 309<comment>(You now can safely delete the snapshot with the following command.)</comment>
222# <i>rm portage-alt-overlay-latest.tar.bz2</i> 310# <i>rm portage-alt-overlay-latest.tar.bz2</i>
223</pre> 311</pre>
224 312
225<p> 313<p>
226Alternatively, you can also use Subversion to check out the current version of 314Alternatively, you can use Subversion to check out the current version of the
227the overlay. If you are interested in this possibility, please refer to the 315overlay. To do this, please refer to the <uri
228<uri
229link="/proj/en/gentoo-alt/contribute/index.xml?part=1&amp;chap=3">Gentoo/ALT 316link="/proj/en/gentoo-alt/contribute/index.xml?part=1&amp;chap=3">Gentoo/ALT
230overlay documentation</uri>. 317overlay documentation</uri>.
231</p> 318</p>
232 319
233<p> 320<p>
234In order for your install to work, you need to mount the <path>/dev</path> 321In order for your install to work, you need to mount the <path>/dev</path>
… …
238 325
239<pre caption="Mounting the /dev filesystem and chrooting"> 326<pre caption="Mounting the /dev filesystem and chrooting">
240# <i>mount -t devfs none /mnt/gentoo/dev/</i> 327# <i>mount -t devfs none /mnt/gentoo/dev/</i>
241# <i>cp /etc/resolv.conf /mnt/gentoo/etc</i> 328# <i>cp /etc/resolv.conf /mnt/gentoo/etc</i>
242# <i>chroot /mnt/gentoo/ /bin/bash</i> 329# <i>chroot /mnt/gentoo/ /bin/bash</i>
243# <i>source /etc/profile</i> 330# <i>env-update &amp;&amp; source /etc/profile</i>
244</pre> 331</pre>
245 332
246<p> 333<p>
247After you got hold of the Gentoo/FreeBSD overlay, it's time to link 334After you got hold of the Gentoo/FreeBSD overlay, it's time to link
248<path>/etc/make.profile</path> to the correct profile and add get your 335<path>/etc/make.profile</path> to the correct profile and add get your
… …
263# <i>emerge --metadata</i> 350# <i>emerge --metadata</i>
264</pre> 351</pre>
265 352
266<pre caption="Setting up the profile and editing /etc/make.conf"> 353<pre caption="Setting up the profile and editing /etc/make.conf">
267# <i>ln -sf /usr/portage/profiles/default-bsd/fbsd/6.1/x86/ /etc/make.profile</i> 354# <i>ln -sf /usr/portage/profiles/default-bsd/fbsd/6.1/x86/ /etc/make.profile</i>
268<comment>(FreeBSD's standard editor is ee, which is used to edit /etc/make.conf)</comment>
269# <i>ee /etc/make.conf</i> 355# <i>nano /etc/make.conf</i>
270<comment>(Please make sure you add at least the following entries:)</comment> 356<comment>(Please make sure you add at least the following entries:)</comment>
271CHOST="i686-gentoo-freebsd6.1" 357CHOST="i686-gentoo-freebsd6.1"
272ACCEPT_KEYWORDS="~x86-fbsd" 358ACCEPT_KEYWORDS="~x86-fbsd"
273FEATURES="-sandbox collision-protect" 359FEATURES="-sandbox collision-protect"
274PORTDIR_OVERLAY="/usr/local/portage/portage-alt-overlay" 360PORTDIR_OVERLAY="/usr/local/portage/portage-alt-overlay"
275</pre> 361</pre>
362
363<note>
364Sandbox is disabled as it has not yet been ported to Gentoo/FreeBSD.
365</note>
276 366
277<note> 367<note>
278You can have a very limited system by using ~x86-fbsd keyword alone; you might 368You can have a very limited system by using ~x86-fbsd keyword alone; you might
279want to put ~x86 in your ACCEPT_KEYWORDS if you want access to more packages 369want to put ~x86 in your ACCEPT_KEYWORDS if you want access to more packages
280but you might find broken dependencies and non-working packages; please rather 370but you might find broken dependencies and non-working packages; please rather
281use package.keywords when testing packages and report working ones on <uri 371use package.keywords when testing packages and report working ones on <uri
282link="http://bugs.gentoo.org">Bugzilla</uri> for the product Gentoo/Alt. 372link="http://bugs.gentoo.org">Bugzilla</uri> for the product Gentoo/Alt.
283</note> 373</note>
284 374
285<p> 375<p>
286In order to boot correctly, you will need to create the <path>/proc</path>
287directory.
288</p>
289
290<pre caption="Creating the /proc directory">
291# <i>mkdir /proc</i>
292</pre>
293
294<p>
295If you want, you can now rebuild the system's core packages. 376If you want, you can now rebuild the system's core packages.
296</p> 377</p>
297 378
298<pre caption="Rebuilding the FreeBSD core packages (optional)"> 379<pre caption="Rebuilding the FreeBSD core packages (optional)">
299# <i>emerge -e system</i> 380# <i>emerge -e system</i>
300</pre> 381</pre>
301 382
383</body>
384</section>
385</chapter>
386<chapter>
387<title>Setting up for Booting</title>
388<section>
389<title>Kernel Installation</title>
390<body>
391
302<p> 392<p>
303When you did <c>emerge -e system</c>, the sources for the FreeBSD kernel got 393If you ran <c>emerge -e system</c>, the sources for the FreeBSD kernel were
304installed to <path>/usr/src/sys</path>. If you skipped this step, you can get 394installed to <path>/usr/src/sys</path>. If you skipped this step, you can get
305them in the following way: 395them in the following way:
306</p> 396</p>
307 397
308<pre caption="Getting the FreeBSD kernel sources"> 398<pre caption="Getting the FreeBSD kernel sources">
309# <i>emerge freebsd-sources</i> 399# <i>emerge freebsd-sources</i>
310</pre> 400</pre>
311 401
312<p> 402<p>
313Configuring and compiling a custom kernel is really different from compiling 403Configuring and compiling a custom kernel is quite different from compiling
314Linux, so if you are not familiar with the process we encourage you to have a 404Linux, so if you are not familiar with the process we encourage you to have a
315look at <uri 405look at <uri
316link="http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/kernelconfig.html"> 406link="http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/kernelconfig.html">
317chapter 8</uri> of the FreeBSD handbook. 407chapter 8</uri> of the FreeBSD handbook. For now, you can do an installation of
318</p> 408the GENERIC kernel, which works on most systems. To begin, enter the source
319 409directory for the kernel:
320<p> 410</p>
411
412<impo>
321Please note that currently only the "Traditional" way of building the kernel is 413Please note that currently only the "Traditional" way of building the kernel is
322supported on Gentoo/FreeBSD! Also note that <c>make install</c> will probably 414supported on Gentoo/FreeBSD!
323ask you for a <path>/boot/device.hints</path> file. A default version can be 415</impo>
324found in the <path>conf</path> subdirectory of the <c>GENERIC</c> configuration 416
325and is called <path>GENERIC.hints</path>. 417<pre caption="Entering the kernel source directory">
418# <i>cd /usr/src/sys/</i>
419</pre>
420
326</p> 421<p>
327 422Looking over the layout, you'll see various architectures and subdirectories
423for various parts of the kernel. To begin the installation, we head into the
424<path>i386/conf/</path> directory:
328<p> 425</p>
329Now is the time to do some basic system configuration and settings. First, we 426
330are going to setup the filesystem mounting points in <path>/etc/fstab</path>. 427<pre caption="The kernel configuration directory">
428# <i>cd i386/conf/</i>
429# <i>ls</i>
430.cvsignore GENERIC Makefile PAE
431DEFAULTS GENERIC.hints NOTES SMP
432</pre>
433
331</p> 434<p>
332 435The main files to note are <path>GENERIC</path> and <path>GENERIC.hints</path>.
333<pre caption="Editing the filesystem in /etc/fstab"> 436As it will be needed by the installation of the kernel, go ahead and copy
334# <i>ee /etc/fstab</i> 437<path>GENERIC.hints</path> file to <path>/boot/device.hints</path>:
335<comment>(This is an example, replace X and Y with the correct numbers for your hard disk.)</comment>
336#Device Mountpoint Fstype Options Dump Pass
337/dev/adXsYb none swap sw 0 0
338/dev/adXsYa / ufs rw 1 1
339/dev/adXsYe /usr/home ufs rw 2 2
340/dev/adXsYd /tmp ufs rw 2 2
341/dev/acdX /cdrom cd9660 ro,noauto 0 0
342</pre>
343
344<p> 438</p>
345Now would also be a good time to set up your network connection before the final 439
346reboot. 440<pre caption="Copying over the GENERIC.hints file">
441# <i>cp GENERIC.hints /boot/device.hints</i>
442</pre>
443
347</p> 444<p>
348 445This file is used by the kernel drivers for basic configuration information
446such as IRQ settings. Now it's time to configure the kernel. FreeBSD uses the
447<c>config</c> command to do this. <c>config</c> uses the given file (in this
448instance GENERIC) to copy over the required build files to a
449<path>compile</path> directory in the parent directory. <path>GENERIC</path> is
450similiar to the <path>.config</path> file for the Linux kernel. Run
451<c>config</c> to produce the build directory:
349<p> 452</p>
350You can find all the information necessary to configure your network in the 453
351<uri link="/doc/en/handbook/handbook-x86.xml?part=4&amp;chap=1">Gentoo 454<pre caption="Configuring the kernel build">
352Handbook</uri>. 455# <i>config GENERIC</i>
456Kernel build directory is ../compile/GENERIC
457Don't forget to ''make cleandepend; make depend''
458</pre>
459
353</p> 460<p>
354 461<c>config</c> has created a GENERIC build directory for us in the parent
462directory. <c>cd</c> into it, then run the following to do a complete build:
355<p> 463</p>
356To have your network interface activated at boot time, you have to add it to 464
357the default runlevel. 465<pre caption="Building and installing the kernel">
466# <i>cd ../compile/GENERIC</i>
467# <i>make cleandepend &amp;&amp; make depend &amp;&amp; make &amp;&amp; make install</i>
468</pre>
469
358</p> 470<p>
359 471This will give us a complete kernel to work with. Now we'll need to setup the
360<pre caption="Adding your network adapter to the default runlevel"> 472bootloader for the kernel to boot. The next chapter will discuss two methods of
361# <i>rc-update add net.rl0 default</i> 473setting up the bootloader: <c>grub</c> and <c>boot0</c>.
362</pre>
363
364<p> 474</p>
365Your system's hostname can be changed in <path>/etc/conf.d/hostname</path>. 475
476</body>
477</section>
478<section>
479<title>Setting up the bootloader (grub)</title>
480<body>
481
366</p> 482<p>
367 483As of grub 0.97-r1, UFS slices are readable to <c>grub</c>. This lets us use
368<pre caption="Setting up the machine's hostname"> 484<c>grub</c> as a bootloader, the prefered method for those coming from a Linux
369# <i>ee /etc/conf.d/hostname</i> 485background. To begin, emerge <c>grub</c> and setup the label as bootable.
370<comment>(Set the HOSTNAME variable to your hostname)</comment> 486Remember to replace <c>adXsY</c> with the actual number and slice of your disk.
371HOSTNAME="tux"
372</pre>
373
374<p> 487</p>
375You should also configure your domain name, which is done in the 488
376<path>/etc/conf.d/domainname</path> file: 489<pre caption="Emerge grub">
490# <i>emerge grub</i>
491# <i>disklabel -B adXsY</i>
492</pre>
493
377</p> 494<p>
378 495Now run <c>grub</c> to bring up the command prompt, and set up the partition as
379<pre caption="Setting the domainname"> 496shown:
380# <i>ee /etc/conf.d/domainname</i>
381<comment>(Set the DNSDOMAIN variable to your domain name)</comment>
382DNSDOMAIN="homenetwork"
383</pre>
384
385<p> 497</p>
386If you have a NIS domain, you need to define it in the 498
387<path>/etc/conf.d/domainname</path> file: 499<pre caption="Setting up grub">
500<comment>(This is done to prevent disk error 29)</comment>
501# <i>sysctl kern.geom.debugflags=16</i>
502# <i>grub</i>
503<comment>(Example using ad0s1d)</comment>
504grub&gt; <i>root (hd0,0,d)</i>
505 Filesystem type is ufs2, partition type 0xa5
506
507grub&gt; <i>setup (hd0)</i>
508 Checking if "/boot/grub/stage1" exists... yes
509 Checking if "/boot/grub/stage2" exists... yes
510 Checking if "/boot/grub/ufs2_stage1_5" exists... yes
511 Running "embed /boot/grub/ufs2_stage1_5 (hd0)"... 14 sectors are embedded.
512succeeded
513 Running "install /boot/grub/stage1 (hd0) (hd0)1+14 p (hd0,0,d)/boot/grub/stage
5142 /boot/grub/menu.lst"... succeeded
515Done.
516
517grub&gt; quit
518</pre>
519
388</p> 520<p>
389 521When you first boot, you may not receive a grub menu. If so, run this at the
390<pre caption="Setting the NIS domainname"> 522prompt:
391# <i>ee /etc/conf.d/domainname</i>
392<comment>(Set the NISDOMAIN variable to your NIS domain name)</comment>
393NISDOMAIN="my-nisdomain"
394</pre>
395
396<p> 523</p>
397In case you need to use another keyboard layout for your language, you have to 524
398set the correct value in <path>/etc/conf.d/syscons</path>. The following example 525<pre caption="Booting the kernel with no menu">
399uses the Spanish layout, so you'll have to adjust it to your need if you want to 526grub&gt; <i>find /boot/grub/stage1</i>
400use another one. 527<comment>(The output here is what you'll use in the next command)</comment>
528 (hd0,0,d)
529
530grub&gt; <i>kernel (hd0,0,d)/boot/loader</i>
531 [FreeBSD-a.out, loadaddr=0x200000, text=0x1000, data=0x3a000, bss=0x0, entry=0x200000]
532
533grub&gt; <i>boot</i>
534</pre>
535
401</p> 536<p>
402 537The next section will look at using the alternative bootloader, <c>boot0</c>.
403<pre caption="Changing your keyboard layout (Optional)">
404# <i>ee /etc/conf.d/syscons</i>
405KEYMAP="spanish.iso.acc"
406<comment>(Possible layouts can be found in /usr/share/syscons/keymaps).</comment>
407</pre> 538</p>
539
540</body>
541</section>
542<section>
543<title>Setting up the bootloader (boot0)</title>
544<body>
408 545
409<impo> 546<impo>
410Please make absolutely sure you add your new Gentoo/FreeBSD installation to the 547<c>boot0</c> is the FreeBSD bootloader. Previously, it was the only supported
411configuration of your bootloader, otherwise you won't be able to boot your newly 548bootloader until <c>grub</c> was introduced into ports with UFS slice support.
412installed system! If you don't have another bootloader installed, you should use 549To install and configure <c>boot0</c>, run the following. Remember to replace
413<c>boot0</c>, as it is currently the only one supported by FreeBSD. In this case 550<c>adXsY</c> with the actual number and slice of your disk.
414please don't forget to use your other operating systems to <c>boot0</c>'s
415configuration.
416</impo> 551</impo>
417 552
418<pre caption="Installing and setting up boot0"> 553<pre caption="Installing and setting up boot0">
419# <i>emerge boot0</i> 554# <i>emerge boot0</i>
420<comment>(Leave the chroot environment)</comment> 555<comment>(Leave the chroot environment)</comment>
… …
427 562
428<p> 563<p>
429If you need additional information on setting up <c>boot0</c>, please consult 564If you need additional information on setting up <c>boot0</c>, please consult
430<uri 565<uri
431link="http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/boot.html">chapter 566link="http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/boot.html">chapter
43212</uri> of the FreeBSD handbook. 56712</uri> of the FreeBSD handbook. Now it's time to do some basic system
568configuration and settings.
569</p>
570
571</body>
572</section>
573<section>
574<title>System configuration</title>
575<body>
576
433</p> 577<p>
578First, we are going to setup the filesystem mounting points in
579<path>/etc/fstab</path>.
580</p>
581
582<pre caption="Editing the filesystem in /etc/fstab">
583# <i>nano /etc/fstab</i>
584<comment>(This is an example, replace X and Y with the correct numbers for your hard disk.)</comment>
585#Device Mountpoint Fstype Options Dump Pass
586/dev/adXsYb none swap sw 0 0
587/dev/adXsYa / ufs rw 1 1
588/dev/adXsYe /usr/home ufs rw 2 2
589/dev/adXsYd /tmp ufs rw 2 2
590/dev/acdX /cdrom cd9660 ro,noauto 0 0
591</pre>
592
593<p>
594Now would also be a good time to set up your network connection before the final
595reboot. You can find all the information necessary to configure your network in
596the <uri link="/doc/en/handbook/handbook-x86.xml?part=4&amp;chap=1">Gentoo
597Handbook</uri>. To have your network interface activated at boot time, you have
598to add it to the default runlevel:
599</p>
600
601<pre caption="Adding your network adapter to the default runlevel">
602# <i>rc-update add net.fxp0 default</i>
603</pre>
604
605<p>
606Your system's hostname can be changed in <path>/etc/conf.d/hostname</path>.
607</p>
608
609<pre caption="Setting up the machine's hostname">
610# <i>nano /etc/conf.d/hostname</i>
611<comment>(Set the HOSTNAME variable to your hostname)</comment>
612HOSTNAME="tux"
613</pre>
614
615<p>
616You should also configure your domain name, which is done in the
617<path>/etc/conf.d/domainname</path> file:
618</p>
619
620<pre caption="Setting the domainname">
621# <i>nano /etc/conf.d/domainname</i>
622<comment>(Set the DNSDOMAIN variable to your domain name)</comment>
623DNSDOMAIN="homenetwork"
624</pre>
625
626<p>
627If you have a NIS domain, you need to define it in the
628<path>/etc/conf.d/domainname</path> file:
629</p>
630
631<pre caption="Setting the NIS domainname">
632# <i>nano /etc/conf.d/domainname</i>
633<comment>(Set the NISDOMAIN variable to your NIS domain name)</comment>
634NISDOMAIN="my-nisdomain"
635</pre>
636
637<p>
638In case you need to use another keyboard layout for your language, you have to
639set the correct value in <path>/etc/conf.d/syscons</path>. The following example
640uses the Spanish layout, so you'll have to adjust it to your need if you want to
641use another one.
642</p>
643
644<pre caption="Changing your keyboard layout (Optional)">
645# <i>nano /etc/conf.d/syscons</i>
646KEYMAP="spanish.iso.acc"
647<comment>(Possible layouts can be found in /usr/share/syscons/keymaps).</comment>
648</pre>
434 649
435<p> 650<p>
436Now would be a good time to set a password for the <c>root</c> user and to add 651Now would be a good time to set a password for the <c>root</c> user and to add
437another user account for your day-to-day work. 652another user account for your day-to-day work.
438</p> 653</p>
439 654
440<pre caption="Changing the root password and adding a new user"> 655<pre caption="Changing the root password and adding a new user">
441# <i>passwd</i> 656# <i>passwd</i>
442<comment>(If you need help in adding a user please consult the FreeBSD handbook).</comment>
443# <i>adduser</i> 657# <i>adduser</i>
658Username: <i>fred</i>
659Full Name: <i>Fred Smith</i>
660<comment>(Accepting the default here, just hit Enter.)</comment>
661Uid (Leave empty for default):
662<comment>(OK to accept the default here as well; hit Enter.)</comment>
663Login group [fred]:
664<comment>(Enter your groups here, space separated. They must exist.)</comment>
665Login group is fred. Invite fred into other groups? []: wheel portage
666<comment>(OK to accept the default here, hit Enter)</comment>
667Login class [default]:
668<comment>(Somewhat of a personal preference. Make sure the shell exists in /etc/shells)</comment>
669Shell (sh bash tcsh csh esh ksh zsh sash nologin) [sh] <i>bash</i>
670<comment>(OK to accept the default here, hit Enter for all these)</comment>
671User password-based authentication [yes]
672Use an empty password (yes/no) [no]:
673Use a random password? (yes/no) [no]:
674Enter password: <i>password goes here</i>
675Enter password again: <i>retype it</i>
676<comment>(OK to accept the default here, hit Enter)</comment>
677Lock out the account after creation? [no]:
678Username : fred
679Password : *****
680Full Name : Fred Smith
681<comment>(This will vary)</comment>
682Uid : 1002
683Class :
684Groups : fred wheel portage
685Home : /home/fred
686Shell : /bin/bash
687Locked : no
688<comment>(Confirm the information is correct)</comment>
689OK? (yes/no): <i>yes</i>
690adduser: INFO: Sucessfully added (fred) to the user database
691Add another user? (yes/no): <i>no</i>
692Goodbye!
693#
444</pre> 694</pre>
445 695
446<p> 696<p>
447Congratulations, you have just finished your Gentoo/FreeBSD installation which 697Congratulations, you have just finished your Gentoo/FreeBSD installation which
448you can start exploring after the final reboot. Have fun! 698you can start exploring after the final reboot. Have fun!
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