| 1 | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> |
1 | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> |
| 2 | <!-- $Header: /var/cvsroot/gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en/gentoo-freebsd.xml,v 1.24 2007/04/04 14:22:45 nightmorph Exp $ --> |
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| 3 | <!DOCTYPE guide SYSTEM "/dtd/guide.dtd"> |
2 | <!DOCTYPE guide SYSTEM "/dtd/guide.dtd"> |
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3 | <!-- $Header: /var/cvsroot/gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en/gentoo-freebsd.xml,v 1.35 2011/03/02 09:25:49 nightmorph Exp $ --> |
| 4 | |
4 | |
| 5 | <guide link="/doc/en/gentoo-freebsd.xml"> |
5 | <guide> |
| 6 | <title>A short guide to Gentoo/FreeBSD</title> |
6 | <title>A short guide to Gentoo/FreeBSD</title> |
| 7 | |
7 | |
| 8 | <author title="Author"> |
8 | <author title="Author"> |
| 9 | <mail link="ignacio.arquelatour@gmail.com">Ignacio Arque-Latour</mail> |
9 | <mail link="ignacio.arquelatour@gmail.com">Ignacio Arque-Latour</mail> |
| 10 | </author> |
10 | </author> |
| … | |
… | |
| 24 | <mail link="flameeyes@gentoo.org">Diego Pettenò</mail> |
24 | <mail link="flameeyes@gentoo.org">Diego Pettenò</mail> |
| 25 | </author> |
25 | </author> |
| 26 | <author title="Editor"> |
26 | <author title="Editor"> |
| 27 | <mail link="nightmorph@gentoo.org">Joshua Saddler</mail> |
27 | <mail link="nightmorph@gentoo.org">Joshua Saddler</mail> |
| 28 | </author> |
28 | </author> |
|
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29 | <author title="Editor"> |
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30 | <mail link="cam@gentoo.org">Camille Huot</mail> |
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31 | </author> |
| 29 | |
32 | |
| 30 | <abstract> |
33 | <abstract> |
| 31 | This document gives some general information on FreeBSD, as well as |
34 | This document gives some general information on FreeBSD, as well as |
| 32 | installation instructions for Gentoo/FreeBSD. It also includes some reference |
35 | installation instructions for Gentoo/FreeBSD. It also includes some reference |
| 33 | for people interested in helping out with development. |
36 | for people interested in helping out with development. |
| … | |
… | |
| 35 | |
38 | |
| 36 | <!-- The content of this document is licensed under the CC-BY-SA license --> |
39 | <!-- The content of this document is licensed under the CC-BY-SA license --> |
| 37 | <!-- See http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5 --> |
40 | <!-- See http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5 --> |
| 38 | <license/> |
41 | <license/> |
| 39 | |
42 | |
| 40 | <version>2.7</version> |
43 | <version>4</version> |
| 41 | <date>2007-01-02</date> |
44 | <date>2011-03-02</date> |
| 42 | |
45 | |
| 43 | <chapter> |
46 | <chapter> |
| 44 | <title>Introduction to FreeBSD</title> |
47 | <title>Introduction to FreeBSD</title> |
| 45 | <section> |
48 | <section> |
| 46 | <title>What is FreeBSD?</title> |
49 | <title>What is FreeBSD?</title> |
| … | |
… | |
| 56 | sparc64 and alpha platforms. FreeBSD is renowned for its stability, performance |
59 | sparc64 and alpha platforms. FreeBSD is renowned for its stability, performance |
| 57 | and security, thus being used from small to huge companies all over the world. |
60 | and security, thus being used from small to huge companies all over the world. |
| 58 | </p> |
61 | </p> |
| 59 | |
62 | |
| 60 | <p> |
63 | <p> |
| 61 | FreeBSD's current production release is version 6.1, although the release of 6.2 |
64 | FreeBSD's current production release is version 7.1. Gentoo/FreeBSD is based on |
| 62 | is very near at the time of writing (Release Candidate 2 was released recently). |
65 | version 6.2 and older versions of Gentoo/FreeBSD are discontinued and no |
| 63 | Gentoo/FreeBSD development is ongoing on this latter version, while older |
66 | longer supported. |
| 64 | versions are discontinued and no longer supported. |
|
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| 65 | </p> |
67 | </p> |
| 66 | |
68 | |
| 67 | </body> |
69 | </body> |
| 68 | </section> |
70 | </section> |
| 69 | <section> |
71 | <section> |
| … | |
… | |
| 99 | consistent. |
101 | consistent. |
| 100 | </li> |
102 | </li> |
| 101 | <li> |
103 | <li> |
| 102 | Contrary to the Linux kernel, FreeBSD development is not led by one person, |
104 | Contrary to the Linux kernel, FreeBSD development is not led by one person, |
| 103 | but instead managed by a small group of people called the <uri |
105 | but instead managed by a small group of people called the <uri |
| 104 | link="http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/articles/contributors/staff-core.html">Core |
106 | link="http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/articles/contributors/staff-committers.html">Core |
| 105 | Team</uri>. |
107 | Team</uri>. |
| 106 | </li> |
108 | </li> |
| 107 | </ul> |
109 | </ul> |
| 108 | |
110 | |
| 109 | <p> |
111 | <p> |
| … | |
… | |
| 197 | |
199 | |
| 198 | <note> |
200 | <note> |
| 199 | The output presented here will differ based on your network. |
201 | The output presented here will differ based on your network. |
| 200 | </note> |
202 | </note> |
| 201 | |
203 | |
| 202 | <p> |
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| 203 | Next, create the chroot for your installation: |
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| 204 | </p> |
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| 205 | |
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| 206 | <pre caption="Making the chroot directory"> |
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| 207 | # <i>mkdir /mnt/gentoo</i> |
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| 208 | </pre> |
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| 209 | |
|
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| 210 | <note> |
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| 211 | There is a bug in the <uri |
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| 212 | link="http://dev.gentoo.org/~flameeyes/minimal-freesbie-drizzt.iso.bz2"> |
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| 213 | minimal Freesbie CD</uri> that prevents the creation of the |
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| 214 | <path>/mnt/gentoo</path> mount point. To avoid this, use <path>/mnt</path> |
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| 215 | instead of <path>/mnt/gentoo</path> in the following sections. |
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| 216 | </note> |
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| 217 | |
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| 218 | </body> |
204 | </body> |
| 219 | </section> |
205 | </section> |
| 220 | <section> |
206 | <section> |
| 221 | <title>Partitioning the Drive</title> |
207 | <title>Partitioning the Drive</title> |
| 222 | <body> |
208 | <body> |
| … | |
… | |
| 249 | <p> |
235 | <p> |
| 250 | Here, we'll refrain from using the automatic layout, and create one giant root |
236 | Here, we'll refrain from using the automatic layout, and create one giant root |
| 251 | partition, followed by a swap partition. Hit <b>c</b> to create a new |
237 | partition, followed by a swap partition. Hit <b>c</b> to create a new |
| 252 | partition. A dialog prompts you to enter a size. Go ahead and do so, using |
238 | partition. A dialog prompts you to enter a size. Go ahead and do so, using |
| 253 | MB/GB for setting different sizes, or C for cylinders. For root, choose FS as |
239 | MB/GB for setting different sizes, or C for cylinders. For root, choose FS as |
| 254 | the partition type, and set the mount point as <path>/mnt/gentoo</path>. <e>If |
240 | the partition type, and set the mount point as <path>/mnt/</path>. <e>If |
| 255 | you do not adjust the mount point, it will overwrite the FreeSBIE |
241 | you do not adjust the mount point, it will overwrite the FreeSBIE |
| 256 | environment!</e> As <path>/boot</path> is not a separate partition, you'll |
242 | environment!</e> As <path>/boot</path> is not a separate partition, you'll |
| 257 | need to disable soft-updates, or your system will not boot! To do so, use the |
243 | need to disable soft-updates, or your system will not boot! To do so, use the |
| 258 | arrow keys to navigate to your newly created partition, then hit the <b>s</b> |
244 | arrow keys to navigate to your newly created partition, then hit the <b>s</b> |
| 259 | key, until "Newfs" contains no <b>+S</b>. Now navigate the arrow keys until |
245 | key, until "Newfs" contains no <b>+S</b>. Now navigate the arrow keys until |
| … | |
… | |
| 268 | When choosing a different mountpoint than <path>/</path> for your partition, |
254 | When choosing a different mountpoint than <path>/</path> for your partition, |
| 269 | <c>sysinstall</c> will actually create a 'd' slice, which the bootloader won't |
255 | <c>sysinstall</c> will actually create a 'd' slice, which the bootloader won't |
| 270 | boot from. To fix this, run the following: |
256 | boot from. To fix this, run the following: |
| 271 | </p> |
257 | </p> |
| 272 | |
258 | |
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259 | <note> |
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260 | Please, make sure ad0s1 is unmounted before running the following command, |
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261 | otherwise it will not work. |
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262 | </note> |
|
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263 | |
| 273 | <pre caption="Fixing the root partition letter"> |
264 | <pre caption="Fixing the root partition letter"> |
| 274 | # <i>disklabel ad0s1 | sed 's/^ d:/ a:/g' | disklabel -w ad0s1</i> |
265 | # <i>disklabel ad0s1 | sed 's/^ d:/ a:/' | disklabel -R ad0s1 /dev/stdin</i> |
| 275 | </pre> |
266 | </pre> |
| 276 | |
267 | |
| 277 | <p> |
268 | <p> |
| 278 | This will finalize the partitioning process, and format the drive in UFS for |
269 | This will finalize the partitioning process, and format the drive in UFS for |
| 279 | FreeBSD to utilize. This will also mount the drive for you at the mount point |
270 | FreeBSD to utilize. This will also mount the drive for you at the mount point |
| 280 | specified earlier (<path>/mnt/gentoo</path>). You can verify this worked by |
271 | specified earlier (<path>/mnt/</path>). You can verify this worked by |
| 281 | running <c>mount</c>: |
272 | running <c>mount</c>: |
| 282 | </p> |
273 | </p> |
| 283 | |
274 | |
| 284 | <pre caption="Verifying the new disk layout was mounted with mount"> |
275 | <pre caption="Verifying the new disk layout was mounted with mount"> |
| 285 | # <i>mount</i> |
276 | # <i>mount</i> |
| 286 | ... |
277 | ... |
| 287 | /dev/ad0s1a on /mnt/gentoo (ufs, local) |
278 | /dev/ad0s1a on /mnt (ufs, local) |
| 288 | </pre> |
279 | </pre> |
| 289 | |
280 | |
| 290 | <p> |
281 | <p> |
| 291 | Now that you have mounted the target partition, it is time to start on the Gentoo |
282 | Now that you have mounted the target partition, it is time to start on the |
| 292 | setup. |
283 | Gentoo setup. |
| 293 | </p> |
284 | </p> |
| 294 | |
285 | |
| 295 | </body> |
286 | </body> |
| 296 | </section> |
287 | </section> |
| 297 | <section> |
288 | <section> |
| … | |
… | |
| 299 | <body> |
290 | <body> |
| 300 | |
291 | |
| 301 | <p> |
292 | <p> |
| 302 | First, we need to download a stage3 tarball and unpack it into the chroot. |
293 | First, we need to download a stage3 tarball and unpack it into the chroot. |
| 303 | Point your browser to |
294 | Point your browser to |
| 304 | <uri>http://gentoo.osuosl.org/experimental/x86/freebsd/stages/</uri>, grab the |
295 | <uri>http://distfiles.gentoo.org/experimental/x86/freebsd/stages/</uri>, grab the |
| 305 | latest snapshot, and unpack it into the mountpoint: |
296 | latest snapshot, and unpack it into the mountpoint: |
| 306 | </p> |
297 | </p> |
| 307 | |
298 | |
| 308 | <pre caption="Obtaining and unpacking a stage3 tarball"> |
299 | <pre caption="Obtaining and unpacking a stage3 tarball"> |
| 309 | # <i>cd /mnt/gentoo/</i> |
300 | # <i>cd /mnt/</i> |
| 310 | <comment>(Any other Gentoo mirror which includes the experimental/ directory will also work.)</comment> |
301 | <comment>(Any other Gentoo mirror which includes the experimental/ directory will also work.)</comment> |
| 311 | # <i>wget http://gentoo.osuosl.org/experimental/x86/freebsd/stages/stage3-x86-freebsd-6.2_rc2.tar.bz2</i> |
302 | # <i>wget http://distfiles.gentoo.org/experimental/x86/freebsd/stages/stage3-x86-freebsd-6.2-r1.tar.bz2</i> |
| 312 | # <i>tar -jxvpf stage3-x86-freebsd-6.2_rc2.tar.bz2</i> |
303 | # <i>tar -jxvpf stage3-x86-freebsd-6.2-r1.tar.bz2</i> |
| 313 | <comment>(You can delete the tarball with the following command if you want to.)</comment> |
304 | <comment>(You can delete the tarball with the following command if you want to.)</comment> |
| 314 | # <i>rm stage3-x86-freebsd-6.2_rc2.tar.bz2</i> |
305 | # <i>rm stage3-x86-freebsd-6.2-r1.tar.bz2</i> |
| 315 | </pre> |
306 | </pre> |
| 316 | |
307 | |
| 317 | <note> |
308 | <note> |
| 318 | If you want you can use the transition overlay that contains semi-experimental |
309 | If you want you can use the transition overlay that contains semi-experimental |
| 319 | ebuilds with patches not yet in the main Portage tree, but does allow a wider |
310 | ebuilds with patches not yet in the main Portage tree, but does allow a wider |
| … | |
… | |
| 328 | filesystem from the currently running system into the Gentoo/FreeBSD mount |
319 | filesystem from the currently running system into the Gentoo/FreeBSD mount |
| 329 | point before proceeding with the chroot. |
320 | point before proceeding with the chroot. |
| 330 | </p> |
321 | </p> |
| 331 | |
322 | |
| 332 | <pre caption="Mounting the /dev filesystem and chrooting"> |
323 | <pre caption="Mounting the /dev filesystem and chrooting"> |
| 333 | # <i>mount -t devfs none /mnt/gentoo/dev/</i> |
324 | # <i>mount -t devfs none /mnt/dev/</i> |
| 334 | # <i>cp /etc/resolv.conf /mnt/gentoo/etc</i> |
325 | # <i>cp /etc/resolv.conf /mnt/etc/</i> |
| 335 | # <i>chroot /mnt/gentoo/ /bin/bash</i> |
326 | # <i>chroot /mnt/ /bin/bash</i> |
| 336 | # <i>env-update && source /etc/profile</i> |
327 | # <i>env-update && source /etc/profile</i> |
| 337 | </pre> |
328 | </pre> |
| 338 | |
329 | |
| 339 | <p> |
330 | <p> |
| 340 | After you obtain the Gentoo/FreeBSD overlay, it's time to link |
331 | After you obtain the Gentoo/FreeBSD overlay, it's time to link |
| … | |
… | |
| 349 | |
340 | |
| 350 | <pre caption="Obtaining the Portage tree"> |
341 | <pre caption="Obtaining the Portage tree"> |
| 351 | # <i>emerge --sync</i> |
342 | # <i>emerge --sync</i> |
| 352 | <comment>(It's also possible to retrieve the Portage tree in another way:)</comment> |
343 | <comment>(It's also possible to retrieve the Portage tree in another way:)</comment> |
| 353 | # <i>cd /</i> |
344 | # <i>cd /</i> |
| 354 | # <i>wget http://gentoo.osuosl.org/snapshots/portage-latest.tar.bz2</i> |
345 | # <i>wget http://distfiles.gentoo.org/snapshots/portage-latest.tar.bz2</i> |
| 355 | # <i>tar -xjf portage-latest.tar.bz2 -C /usr/</i> |
346 | # <i>tar -xjf portage-latest.tar.bz2 -C /usr/</i> |
| 356 | # <i>emerge --metadata</i> |
347 | # <i>emerge --metadata</i> |
| 357 | </pre> |
348 | </pre> |
| 358 | |
349 | |
| 359 | <pre caption="Setting up the profile and editing /etc/make.conf"> |
350 | <pre caption="Setting up the profile and editing /etc/make.conf"> |
| 360 | # <i>ln -sf /usr/portage/profiles/default-bsd/fbsd/6.2/x86/ /etc/make.profile</i> |
351 | # <i>ln -sf /usr/portage/profiles/default-bsd/fbsd/6.2/x86/ /etc/make.profile</i> |
| 361 | # <i>nano /etc/make.conf</i> |
352 | # <i>nano /etc/make.conf</i> |
| 362 | <comment>(Please make sure you add at least the following entries:)</comment> |
353 | <comment>(Please make sure you add at least the following entries:)</comment> |
| 363 | CHOST="i486-gentoo-freebsd6.2" |
354 | CHOST="i686-gentoo-freebsd6.2" |
| 364 | FEATURES="collision-protect" |
355 | FEATURES="collision-protect" |
| 365 | </pre> |
356 | </pre> |
| 366 | |
357 | |
| 367 | <note> |
358 | <note> |
| 368 | The <c>~x86-fbsd</c> keyword does not yet fully cover the same tree as |
359 | The <c>~x86-fbsd</c> keyword does not yet fully cover the same tree as |
| 369 | <c>~x86</c>, but please <e>do not</e> put <c>~x86</c> in ACCEPT_KEYWORDS. Rather |
360 | <c>~x86</c>, but please <e>do not</e> put <c>~x86</c> in ACCEPT_KEYWORDS. Rather |
| 370 | use <path>/etc/portage/package.keywords</path> to test packages, and report |
361 | use <path>/etc/portage/package.accept_keywords</path> to test packages, and |
| 371 | working packages on <uri |
362 | report working packages on <uri |
| 372 | link="http://bugs.gentoo.org/enter_bug.cgi?product=Gentoo%2FAlt">Bugzilla</uri>. |
363 | link="http://bugs.gentoo.org/enter_bug.cgi?product=Gentoo%2FAlt">Bugzilla</uri>. |
| 373 | </note> |
364 | </note> |
| 374 | |
365 | |
| 375 | <p> |
366 | <p> |
| 376 | If you want, you can now rebuild the system's core packages. |
367 | If you want, you can now rebuild the system's core packages. |
| … | |
… | |
| 383 | </body> |
374 | </body> |
| 384 | </section> |
375 | </section> |
| 385 | </chapter> |
376 | </chapter> |
| 386 | <chapter> |
377 | <chapter> |
| 387 | <title>Setting up for Booting</title> |
378 | <title>Setting up for Booting</title> |
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379 | <section> |
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380 | <title>Set your time zone</title> |
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381 | <body> |
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382 | |
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383 | <p> |
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384 | First make sure your date and time is set correctly using <c>date |
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385 | yyyymmddHHMM</c>. Use UTC time. |
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386 | </p> |
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387 | |
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388 | <pre caption="Set the date and UTC time"> |
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389 | <comment>(Check the clock)</comment> |
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390 | # <i>date</i> |
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391 | Mon Mar 6 00:14:13 UTC 2006 |
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392 | |
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393 | <comment>(Set the current date and time if required)</comment> |
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394 | # <i>date 200603060016</i> <comment>(Format is yyyymmddHHMM)</comment> |
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395 | Mon Mar 6 00:16:00 UTC 2006 |
|
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396 | </pre> |
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397 | |
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398 | <p> |
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399 | Next, set your time zone information by using the correct listing in |
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400 | <path>/usr/share/zoneinfo</path>. |
|
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401 | </p> |
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402 | |
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403 | <pre caption="Setting your timezone"> |
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404 | # <i>ls /usr/share/zoneinfo</i> |
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405 | <comment>(Using Brussels as an example)</comment> |
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406 | # <i>cp /usr/share/zoneinfo/Europe/Brussels /etc/localtime</i> |
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407 | |
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408 | # <i>date</i> |
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409 | Wed Mar 8 00:46:05 CET 2006 |
|
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410 | </pre> |
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411 | |
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412 | <p> |
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413 | Edit <path>/etc/conf.d/clock</path> to define the time zone you used |
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414 | previously. |
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415 | </p> |
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416 | |
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417 | <pre caption="Edit /etc/conf.d/clock"> |
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418 | # <i>nano -w /etc/conf.d/clock</i> |
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419 | TIMEZONE="Europe/Brussels" |
|
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420 | </pre> |
|
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421 | |
|
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422 | </body> |
|
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423 | </section> |
| 388 | <section> |
424 | <section> |
| 389 | <title>Kernel Installation</title> |
425 | <title>Kernel Installation</title> |
| 390 | <body> |
426 | <body> |
| 391 | |
427 | |
| 392 | <p> |
428 | <p> |
| … | |
… | |
| 489 | <pre caption="Installing and setting up boot0"> |
525 | <pre caption="Installing and setting up boot0"> |
| 490 | # <i>emerge boot0</i> |
526 | # <i>emerge boot0</i> |
| 491 | <comment>(Leave the chroot environment)</comment> |
527 | <comment>(Leave the chroot environment)</comment> |
| 492 | # <i>exit</i> |
528 | # <i>exit</i> |
| 493 | <comment>(Issued from outside the chroot)</comment> |
529 | <comment>(Issued from outside the chroot)</comment> |
| 494 | # <i>fdisk -B -b /mnt/gentoo/boot/boot0 /dev/adX</i> |
530 | # <i>fdisk -B -b /mnt/boot/boot0 /dev/adX</i> |
| 495 | # <i>chroot /mnt/gentoo /bin/bash</i> |
531 | # <i>chroot /mnt/ /bin/bash</i> |
| 496 | # <i>disklabel -B adXsY</i> |
532 | # <i>disklabel -B adXsY</i> |
| 497 | </pre> |
533 | </pre> |
| 498 | |
534 | |
| 499 | <p> |
535 | <p> |
| 500 | If you need additional information on setting up <c>boot0</c>, please consult |
536 | If you need additional information on setting up <c>boot0</c>, please consult |
| … | |
… | |
| 551 | |
587 | |
| 552 | grub> quit |
588 | grub> quit |
| 553 | </pre> |
589 | </pre> |
| 554 | |
590 | |
| 555 | <p> |
591 | <p> |
|
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592 | To make the loader find the kernel on a specific slice (the default is 'a'), |
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593 | add a <c>vfs.root.mountfrom</c> line to the <path>/boot/loader.conf</path> |
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594 | file: |
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595 | </p> |
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596 | |
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597 | <pre caption="Tell the loader where to look for the kernel"> |
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598 | # <i>echo 'vfs.root.mountfrom="ufs:ad0s1d"' >> /boot/loader.conf</i> |
|
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599 | </pre> |
|
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600 | |
|
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601 | <p> |
| 556 | When you first boot, you may not receive a grub menu. If so, run this at the |
602 | When you first boot, you may not receive a grub menu. If so, run this at the |
| 557 | prompt: |
603 | prompt: |
| 558 | </p> |
604 | </p> |
| 559 | |
605 | |
| 560 | <pre caption="Booting the kernel with no menu"> |
606 | <pre caption="Booting the kernel with no menu"> |
| … | |
… | |
| 571 | <note> |
617 | <note> |
| 572 | For more information on configuring grub, please refer to the <uri |
618 | For more information on configuring grub, please refer to the <uri |
| 573 | link="/doc/en/handbook/handbook-x86.xml?part=1&chap=10#doc_chap2">Gentoo |
619 | link="/doc/en/handbook/handbook-x86.xml?part=1&chap=10#doc_chap2">Gentoo |
| 574 | Linux Handbook</uri>. |
620 | Linux Handbook</uri>. |
| 575 | </note> |
621 | </note> |
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622 | |
|
|
623 | <warn> |
|
|
624 | Grub doesn't follow UFS symlinks so be sure to delete the |
|
|
625 | <path>/boot/grub/menu.lst</path> symlink and to use <path>menu.lst</path> to |
|
|
626 | setup Grub (<path>grub.conf</path> isn't used). |
|
|
627 | </warn> |
| 576 | |
628 | |
| 577 | </body> |
629 | </body> |
| 578 | </section> |
630 | </section> |
| 579 | <section> |
631 | <section> |
| 580 | <title>System configuration</title> |
632 | <title>System configuration</title> |