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<?xml version='1.0' encoding="UTF-8"?>
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<!-- $Header: /var/cvsroot/gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en/gentoo-x86-quickinstall.xml,v 1.41 2005/07/16 09:33:26 swift Exp $ -->
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<!DOCTYPE guide SYSTEM "/dtd/guide.dtd">
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neysx |
1.16 |
<guide link="/doc/en/gentoo-x86-quickinstall.xml">
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neysx |
1.31 |
<title>Gentoo Linux x86 Quick Install Guide</title>
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swift |
1.38 |
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<author title="Author">
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1.1 |
<mail link="swift@gentoo.org">Sven Vermeulen</mail>
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</author>
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1.38 |
<author title="Author">Steven Wagner</author>
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1.1 |
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<abstract>
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1.38 |
The Quick install guide covers the Gentoo install process in a
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1.1 |
non-verbose manner. Users should already have prior experience with
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aaby |
1.7 |
installing Gentoo Linux if they want to follow this guide.
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1.2 |
</abstract>
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1.1 |
<license/>
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1.2 |
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1.42 |
<version>2.3</version>
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<date>2005-07-30</date>
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<chapter>
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neysx |
1.31 |
<title>Quick Install Guide</title>
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aaby |
1.7 |
<section>
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1.38 |
<title>Installation Media</title>
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<body>
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<p>
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Download a CD from one of our <uri link="/main/en/mirrors.xml">mirrors</uri>.
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You can find the ISOs in
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<path>releases/<architecture>/<release>/installcd</path>. The
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<e>minimal</e> installation cd is only useful for internet-based installations;
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with the <e>universal</e> installation cd you can perform a networkless
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installation as well.
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</p>
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<p>
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<uri link="/doc/en/faq.xml#isoburning">Burn</uri> the CD and boot it. Press
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<c>F2</c> at the boot screen to find out what boot options exist. Once booted,
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you need to start the <c>pcmcia</c> init script if you need PCMCIA support.
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</p>
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<p>
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The installation cds allow you to start an <c>sshd</c> server, add additional
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users, run <c>irssi</c> (a command-line chat client) and surf the web using
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<c>lynx</c> or <c>links2</c>.
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</p>
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</body>
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</section>
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<section>
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<title>Network Configuration</title>
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<body>
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<p>
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If your network does not work already, you can use <c>net-setup</c> to configure
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your network. You might need to load support for your network card using
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<c>modprobe</c> prior to the configuration. If you have ADSL, use
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<c>adsl-setup</c> and <c>adsl-start</c>. For PPTP support, first edit
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<path>/etc/ppp/chap-secrets</path> and <path>/etc/ppp/options.pptp</path> and
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then use <c>pptp <server ip></c>.
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</p>
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<p>
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For wireless access, use <c>iwconfig</c> to set the wireless parameters and then
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use eiter <c>net-setup</c> again or run <c>ifconfig</c>, <c>dhcpcd</c> and/or
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<c>route</c> manually.
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</p>
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<p>
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If you are behind a proxy, do not forget to initialise your system using
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<c>export http_proxy</c>, <c>ftp_proxy</c> and <c>RSYNC_PROXY</c>.
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</p>
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</body>
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</section>
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<section>
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<title>Preparing the Disks</title>
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<body>
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<p>
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Use <c>fdisk</c> or <c>cfdisk</c> to create your partition layout. You need at
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least a swap partition (type 82) and one Linux partition (type 83).
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</p>
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<p>
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Use <c>mke2fs</c>, <c>mke2fs -j</c>, <c>mkreiserfs</c>, <c>mkfs.xfs</c> and
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<c>mkfs.jfs</c> to create file systems on your Linux partitions. Initialise your
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swap partition using <c>mkswap</c> and <c>swapon</c>.
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</p>
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<p>
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Mount the freshly created file systems on <path>/mnt/gentoo</path>. Create
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directories for the other mount points (like <path>/mnt/gentoo/boot</path>) if
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you need them.
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</p>
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</body>
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</section>
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<section>
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<title>Setting Up The Stage</title>
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<body>
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<p>
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First make sure your date is set correctly using <c>date MMDDhhmmYYYY</c>. Next,
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download a stage from one of our <uri link="/main/en/mirrors.xml">mirrors</uri>
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or use the one available on the installation CD
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(<path>/mnt/cdrom/stages</path>). Go to <path>/mnt/gentoo</path> and unpack the
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stage using <c>tar -xvjpf <stage tarball></c>.
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</p>
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<p>
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Install a Portage snapshot if you are performing a networkless installation: go
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to <path>/mnt/gentoo/usr</path> and run
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<c>tar -xvjf /mnt/cdrom/snapshots/<snapshot></c>. Other users
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can download a portage snapshot and install it likewise.
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</p>
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<p>
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Edit <path>/mnt/gentoo/etc/make.conf</path> to suit your needs (USE flag, CFLAGS
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and CXXFLAGS). You can use the <c>nano</c> editor for this.
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</p>
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</body>
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</section>
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<section>
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<title>Installing the Gentoo Base System</title>
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<body>
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<p>
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swift |
1.41 |
Mount the <path>/proc</path> file system first, copy over the
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<path>/etc/resolv.conf</path> file and then chroot into your Gentoo
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swift |
1.38 |
environment.
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</p>
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<pre caption="Preparing and chrooting">
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# <i>mount -t proc none /mnt/gentoo/proc</i>
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swift |
1.41 |
# <i>cp /etc/resolv.conf /mnt/gentoo/etc/</i>
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swift |
1.38 |
# <i>chroot /mnt/gentoo /bin/bash</i>
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# <i>env-update</i> && <i>source /etc/profile</i>
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swift |
1.1 |
</pre>
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<p>
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swift |
1.38 |
If you are not running a networkless installation, issue <c>emerge --sync</c> to
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update your Portage tree.
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swift |
1.1 |
</p>
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<p>
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swift |
1.38 |
Next, make sure <path>/etc/make.profile</path> points to the right profile. The
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default one should suffice for most users; subprofiles are available for
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different kernels (like <path>2.4/</path> for 2.4-kernel based profiles). Change
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the profile using <c>ln -sf</c>.
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swift |
1.1 |
</p>
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swift |
1.38 |
<ul>
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<li>
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Bootstrapping (not available for networkless installations) happens using
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<c>scripts/bootstrap.sh</c> in the <path>/usr/portage</path> directory.
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</li>
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<li>
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System installation (not available for networkless installations) happens
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using <c>emerge -e system</c> (or <c>-N</c> if you haven't
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altered the default CFLAGS/CXXFLAGS).
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</li>
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</ul>
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1.1 |
<p>
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swift |
1.38 |
Stage3 users (except those performing a networkless installation) need to
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upgrade the baselayout package:
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</p>
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<pre caption="Upgrading baselayout">
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# <i>CONFIG_PROTECT="-*" emerge baselayout</i>
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1.1 |
</pre>
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1.38 |
</body>
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</section>
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<section>
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<title>Kernel Configuration</title>
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<body>
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swift |
1.1 |
<p>
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swift |
1.38 |
Set your time zone information by changing the <path>/etc/localtime</path>
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symbolic link to the correct location in <path>/usr/share/zoneinfo</path> using
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<c>ln -sf</c>.
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</p>
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<p>
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Install a kernel source (<c>gentoo-sources</c> and <c>vanilla-sources</c> are
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available for networkless installations) and configure it using <c>make
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menuconfig</c> followed by <c>make &&make modules_install</c>
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inside <path>/usr/src/linux</path>. Copy the <path>arch/i386/bzImage</path> file
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over to <path>/boot</path>. You can also <c>emerge genkernel</c>
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and use <c>genkernel --udev all</c>.
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</p>
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swift |
1.1 |
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<p>
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swift |
1.38 |
Genkernel users will need to <c>emerge coldplug</c> and
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<c>rc-update add coldplug default</c>.
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swift |
1.1 |
</p>
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swift |
1.38 |
</body>
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</section>
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<section>
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<title>Configuring the System</title>
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<body>
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swift |
1.1 |
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<p>
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swift |
1.38 |
Edit your <path>/etc/fstab</path>; an example follows:
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swift |
1.1 |
</p>
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swift |
1.38 |
<pre caption="Example fstab">
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/dev/hda1 /boot ext2 defaults,noatime 1 2
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/dev/hda2 none swap sw 0 0
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/dev/hda3 / ext3 noatime 0 1
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none /proc proc defaults 0 0
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none /dev/shm tmpfs nodev,nosuid,noexec 0 0
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/dev/cdroms/cdrom0 /mnt/cdrom auto noauto,user 0 0
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swift |
1.1 |
</pre>
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<p>
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swift |
1.38 |
Edit <path>/etc/conf.d/hostname</path> and <path>/etc/conf.d/domainname</path>,
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run <c>rc-update add domainname default</c> and edit
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swift |
1.41 |
<path>/etc/conf.d/net</path> to
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swift |
1.40 |
configure your network. Add the <c>net.eth0</c> initscript to the default
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runlevel. If you have multiple NICs, symlink them to the <c>net.eth0</c>
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init script and add them to the default runlevel as well.
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swift |
1.38 |
</p>
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<p>
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Edit <path>/etc/hosts</path>; examples are given below:
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swift |
1.1 |
</p>
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swift |
1.38 |
<pre caption="Example /etc/hosts">
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<comment>(For static IPs)</comment>
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| 239 |
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127.0.0.1 localhost
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192.168.0.5 jenny.homenetwork jenny
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192.168.0.6 benny.homenetwork benny
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192.168.0.7 tux.homenetwork tux
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| 244 |
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<comment>(For a dynamic IP)</comment>
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| 245 |
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127.0.0.1 localhost.homenetwork tux localhost
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swift |
1.1 |
</pre>
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| 247 |
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| 248 |
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<p>
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| 249 |
swift |
1.38 |
Emerge <c>pcmcia-cs</c> and add it to the default runlevel if you need it.
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| 250 |
swift |
1.1 |
</p>
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| 251 |
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| 252 |
swift |
1.38 |
<p>
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| 253 |
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Set the root password using <c>passwd</c>.
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| 254 |
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</p>
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| 255 |
swift |
1.1 |
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| 256 |
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<p>
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| 257 |
swift |
1.38 |
Set the necessary system configuration in <path>/etc/rc.conf</path>,
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<path>/etc/conf.d/rc</path>, <path>/etc/conf.d/keymaps</path>,
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| 259 |
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<path>/etc/conf.d/clock</path>.
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| 260 |
swift |
1.1 |
</p>
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| 261 |
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| 262 |
swift |
1.38 |
</body>
|
| 263 |
|
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</section>
|
| 264 |
|
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<section>
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| 265 |
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<title>Installing System Tools</title>
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| 266 |
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<body>
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| 267 |
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| 268 |
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<p>
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| 269 |
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2.4 kernel users need to <c>emerge --unmerge udev</c> and
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| 270 |
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<c>emerge devfsd</c>.
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| 271 |
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</p>
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| 272 |
swift |
1.1 |
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| 273 |
|
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<p>
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| 274 |
swift |
1.38 |
Install a system logger like <c>syslog-ng</c> and add it to the default
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| 275 |
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run level. Do the same for a cron daemon like <c>vixie-cron</c> (optional).
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| 276 |
swift |
1.1 |
</p>
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| 277 |
|
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| 278 |
swift |
1.38 |
<p>
|
| 279 |
|
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Install the necessary file system tools (<c>xfsprogs</c>, <c>reiserfsprogs</c>
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| 280 |
|
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or <c>jfsutils</c>) and networking tools (<c>dhcpcd</c> or <c>rp-pppoe</c>).
|
| 281 |
|
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</p>
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| 282 |
swift |
1.1 |
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| 283 |
swift |
1.38 |
</body>
|
| 284 |
|
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</section>
|
| 285 |
|
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<section>
|
| 286 |
|
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<title>Configuring the Bootloader</title>
|
| 287 |
|
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<body>
|
| 288 |
swift |
1.1 |
|
| 289 |
|
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<p>
|
| 290 |
swift |
1.38 |
Emerge <c>grub</c> or <c>lilo</c>. Edit <path>/boot/grub/grub.conf</path> or
|
| 291 |
|
|
<path>/etc/lilo.conf</path> to your likings. Below you will find an example for
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| 292 |
|
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each.
|
| 293 |
swift |
1.1 |
</p>
|
| 294 |
|
|
|
| 295 |
swift |
1.38 |
<pre caption="Example grub.conf">
|
| 296 |
swift |
1.9 |
default 0
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| 297 |
swift |
1.38 |
timeout 30
|
| 298 |
swift |
1.9 |
splashimage=(hd0,0)/grub/splash.xpm.gz
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| 299 |
|
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|
| 300 |
swift |
1.38 |
<comment># genkernel users</comment>
|
| 301 |
|
|
title=Gentoo Linux 2.6.11-r3
|
| 302 |
|
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root (hd0,0)
|
| 303 |
swift |
1.42 |
kernel /kernel-genkernel-x86-2.6.11-gentoo-r3 root=/dev/ram0 init=/linuxrc ramdisk=8192 real_root=/dev/hda3 udev
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| 304 |
|
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initrd /initramfs-genkernel-x86-2.6.11-gentoo-r3
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| 305 |
swift |
1.38 |
|
| 306 |
|
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<comment># non-genkernel users (no initrd)</comment>
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| 307 |
|
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title=Gentoo Linux 2.6.11 r3
|
| 308 |
|
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root (hd0,0)
|
| 309 |
|
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kernel /kernel-2.6.11-gentoo-r3 root=/dev/hda3
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| 310 |
|
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|
| 311 |
|
|
<comment># Only in case you want to dual-boot</comment>
|
| 312 |
|
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title=Windows XP
|
| 313 |
|
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root (hd0,5)
|
| 314 |
|
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makeactive
|
| 315 |
|
|
chainloader +1
|
| 316 |
swift |
1.9 |
</pre>
|
| 317 |
|
|
|
| 318 |
swift |
1.38 |
<pre caption="Example lilo.conf">
|
| 319 |
swift |
1.9 |
boot=/dev/hda
|
| 320 |
|
|
prompt
|
| 321 |
swift |
1.11 |
timeout=50
|
| 322 |
swift |
1.9 |
default=gentoo
|
| 323 |
|
|
|
| 324 |
swift |
1.38 |
<comment># For non-genkernel users</comment>
|
| 325 |
|
|
image=/boot/kernel-2.6.11-gentoo-r3
|
| 326 |
|
|
label=gentoo
|
| 327 |
|
|
read-only
|
| 328 |
|
|
root=/dev/hda3
|
| 329 |
|
|
|
| 330 |
|
|
<comment># For genkernel users</comment>
|
| 331 |
swift |
1.42 |
image=/boot/kernel-genkernel-x86-2.6.11-gentoo-r3
|
| 332 |
swift |
1.9 |
label=gentoo
|
| 333 |
|
|
read-only
|
| 334 |
|
|
root=/dev/ram0
|
| 335 |
swift |
1.38 |
append="init=/linuxrc ramdisk=8192 real_root=/dev/hda3 udev"
|
| 336 |
swift |
1.42 |
initrd=/boot/initramfs-genkernel-x86-2.6.11-gentoo-r3
|
| 337 |
swift |
1.9 |
|
| 338 |
swift |
1.38 |
<comment># For dual-booting</comment>
|
| 339 |
|
|
other=/dev/hda6
|
| 340 |
|
|
label=windows
|
| 341 |
swift |
1.1 |
</pre>
|
| 342 |
|
|
|
| 343 |
|
|
<p>
|
| 344 |
swift |
1.38 |
GRUB users need to install GRUB in the MBR using
|
| 345 |
|
|
<c>grub-install /dev/hda</c> after copying <path>/proc/mounts</path> to
|
| 346 |
|
|
<path>/etc/mtab</path>. LILO users need to run <c>/sbin/lilo</c>.
|
| 347 |
swift |
1.1 |
</p>
|
| 348 |
|
|
|
| 349 |
swift |
1.38 |
<p>
|
| 350 |
|
|
Exit the chrooted environment, unmount all file systems and reboot.
|
| 351 |
|
|
</p>
|
| 352 |
|
|
|
| 353 |
|
|
</body>
|
| 354 |
|
|
</section>
|
| 355 |
|
|
<section>
|
| 356 |
|
|
<title>Finalizing the Installation</title>
|
| 357 |
|
|
<body>
|
| 358 |
|
|
|
| 359 |
|
|
<p>
|
| 360 |
|
|
Log in as <c>root</c>, then add one or more users for day-to-day use using
|
| 361 |
|
|
<c>useradd -m -G <groups> <username></c>.
|
| 362 |
|
|
</p>
|
| 363 |
|
|
|
| 364 |
|
|
<p>
|
| 365 |
|
|
If you performed a networkless installation, mount the packages CD at
|
| 366 |
|
|
<path>/mnt/cdrom</path> and <c>export PKGDIR="/mnt/cdrom"</c> after which
|
| 367 |
|
|
you can <c>emerge -k <package></c> to install additional
|
| 368 |
|
|
software like <c>kde</c>.
|
| 369 |
|
|
</p>
|
| 370 |
swift |
1.1 |
|
| 371 |
|
|
<p>
|
| 372 |
swift |
1.38 |
Thanks for installing Gentoo!
|
| 373 |
aaby |
1.7 |
</p>
|
| 374 |
neysx |
1.31 |
|
| 375 |
aaby |
1.7 |
</body>
|
| 376 |
|
|
</section>
|
| 377 |
|
|
</chapter>
|
| 378 |
swift |
1.1 |
</guide>
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