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1	<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?>	1	<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?>
2	<!-- $Header: /var/cvsroot/gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en/guide-localization.xml,v 1.28 2005/06/24 18:04:15 fox2mike Exp $ -->	2	<!-- $Header: /var/cvsroot/gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en/guide-localization.xml,v 1.64 2012/05/27 22:28:07 nightmorph Exp $ -->
3	<!DOCTYPE guide SYSTEM "/dtd/guide.dtd">	3	<!DOCTYPE guide SYSTEM "/dtd/guide.dtd">
4		4
5	<guide link="/doc/en/guide-localization.xml">	5	<guide>
6	<title>Gentoo Linux Localization Guide</title>	6	<title>Gentoo Linux Localization Guide</title>
7	<author title="Author">	7	<author title="Author">
8	Alexander Holler	8	Alexander Holler
9	</author>	9	</author>
10	<author title="Translator/Editor">	10	<author title="Translator/Editor">
…		…
19	<author title="Editor">	19	<author title="Editor">
20	<mail link="dertobi123@gentoo.org">Tobias Scherbaum</mail>	20	<mail link="dertobi123@gentoo.org">Tobias Scherbaum</mail>
21	</author>	21	</author>
22	<author title="Editor">	22	<author title="Editor">
23	<mail link="flammie@gentoo.org">Flammie Pirinen</mail>	23	<mail link="flammie@gentoo.org">Flammie Pirinen</mail>
		24	</author>
		25	<author title="Editor">
		26	<mail link="nightmorph"/>
		27	</author>
		28	<author title="Editor">
		29	<mail link="klondike"/>
24	</author>	30	</author>
25		31
26	<abstract>	32	<abstract>
27	This guide should help users localize their Gentoo Linux distribution to any	33	This guide should help users localize their Gentoo Linux distribution to any
28	European locale. It uses Germany as a case-study, since it is translated from	34	European locale. It uses Germany as a case-study, since it is translated from
29	the German doc. Includes configuration for use of the euro currency symbol.	35	the German doc. Includes configuration for use of the euro currency symbol.
30	</abstract>	36	</abstract>
31		37
32	<version>1.19</version>	38	<version>3</version>
33	<date>2005-06-24</date>	39	<date>2012-05-27</date>
34		40
35	<chapter>	41	<chapter>
36	<title>Time zone</title>	42	<title>Time zone</title>
37	<section>	43	<section>
38	<body>	44	<body>
39		45
40	<p>	46	<p>
41	In order to keep time properly, <path>/etc/localtime</path> must point to	47	In order to keep time properly, you need to select your timezone so that your
42	the correct time zone data file. Look around in	48	system knows where it is located. Look for your timezone in
43	<path>/usr/share/zoneinfo/</path> and pick your timezone or a near-by big city.	49	<path>/usr/share/zoneinfo</path>. You then set your timezone in
		50	<path>/etc/timezone</path>. Please avoid the
		51	<path>/usr/share/zoneinfo/Etc/GMT*</path> timezones as their names do not
		52	indicate the expected zones. For instance, <path>GMT-8</path> is in fact GMT+8.
44	</p>	53	</p>
45		54
46	<pre caption="setting the timezone">	55	<pre caption="Setting the timezone information">
		56	# <i>ls /usr/share/zoneinfo</i>
		57	<comment>(Suppose you want to use Brussels)</comment>
		58	<comment>(First copy the proper zone to localtime)</comment>
47	# <i>ln -sf /usr/share/zoneinfo/Europe/Berlin /etc/localtime</i>	59	# <i>cp /usr/share/zoneinfo/Europe/Brussels /etc/localtime</i>
		60	<comment>(Now specify your timezone)</comment>
		61	# <i>nano -w /etc/timezone</i>
		62	Europe/Brussels
		63
48	# <i>date</i>	64	# <i>date</i>
49	Sun Feb 16 08:26:44 CET 2003	65	Wed Mar 8 00:46:05 CET 2006
50	</pre>	66	</pre>
51		67
52	<note>	68	<note>
53	Make sure that the three-letter timezone indicator (in this case "CET")	69	Make sure that the timezone indicator (in this case "CET")
54	is correct for your area.	70	is correct for your area.
55	</note>	71	</note>
56		72
57	<note>	73	<note>
58	You can set the value of <c>TZ</c> to be everything after the	74	You can set the value of <c>TZ</c> to be everything after the
…		…
73	<p>	89	<p>
74	In most Gentoo Linux installations, your hardware clock is set to	90	In most Gentoo Linux installations, your hardware clock is set to
75	UTC (or GMT, Greenwich Mean Time) and then your timezone is	91	UTC (or GMT, Greenwich Mean Time) and then your timezone is
76	taken into account to determine the actual, local time. If,	92	taken into account to determine the actual, local time. If,
77	for some reason, you need your hardware clock not to be in UTC,	93	for some reason, you need your hardware clock not to be in UTC,
78	you will need to edit <path>/etc/conf.d/clock</path> and change the	94	you will need to edit <path>/etc/conf.d/hwclock</path> (or if you use Gentoo
		95	BSD: <path>/etc/conf.d/adjkerntz</path>) and change the
79	value of <c>CLOCK</c> from <c>UTC</c> to <c>local</c>.	96	value of <c>clock</c> from <c>UTC</c> to <c>local</c>.
80	</p>	97	</p>
81		98
82	<pre caption="local vs. GMT clock">	99	<pre caption="local vs. GMT clock">
83	<comment>(recommended:)</comment>	100	<comment>(recommended:)</comment>
84	CLOCK="UTC"	101	clock="UTC"
85	<comment>(or:)</comment>	102	<comment>(or:)</comment>
86	CLOCK="local"	103	clock="local"
87	</pre>	104	</pre>
88		105
89	</body>	106	</body>
90	</section>	107	</section>
91	</chapter>	108	</chapter>
…		…
95	<section>	112	<section>
96	<title>What are locales?</title>	113	<title>What are locales?</title>
97	<body>	114	<body>
98		115
99	<p>	116	<p>
100	A Locale is a set of information that most programs use for determining	117	A Locale is a set of information that most programs use for determining country
101	country and language specific settings. The locales and their data	118	and language specific settings. The locales and their data are part of the
102	are part of the system library and can be found	119	system library and can be found at <path>/usr/share/locale</path> on most
103	at <path>/usr/share/locale</path> on most systems. A locale name is generally	120	systems. A locale name is generally named <c>ab_CD</c> where <c>ab</c> is your
104	named <c>ab_CD</c> where <c>ab</c> is your two (or three) letter	121	two (or three) letter language code (as specified in ISO-639) and <c>CD</c> is
105	language code (as specified in ISO-639) and <c>CD</c> is your two letter country	122	your two letter country code (as specified in ISO-3166). Variants are often
106	code (as specified in ISO-3199).	123	appended to locale names, e.g. <c>en_GB.UTF-8</c> or <c>de_DE@euro</c>. Please
		124	explore <uri link="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Locale">Wikipedia</uri> to read
		125	more about locales and related articles.
107	</p>	126	</p>
108		127
109	</body>	128	</body>
110	</section>
111	<section>	129	</section>
		130	<section id="variables">
112	<title>Environment variables for locales</title>	131	<title>Environment variables for locales</title>
113	<body>	132	<body>
114		133
115	<p>	134	<p>
116	Locale settings are stored in environment variables. These are typically	135	Locale settings are stored in environment variables. These are typically
117	set in the <path>/etc/env.d/02locale</path> (for system-wide	136	set in the <path>/etc/env.d/02locale</path> (for system-wide
118	settings) and <path>~/.bashrc</path> (for user-specific settings) file.	137	settings) and <path>~/.bashrc</path> (for user-specific settings) file.
119	The variables controlling different aspects of locale settings	138	The variables controlling different aspects of locale settings
120	are given in the table below, those with highest precedence (ie. those	139	are given in the table below. All of them
121	that override settings below them) are at the top of the table. All variables
122	take one name of a locale in <c>ab_CD</c> format given above.	140	take one name of a locale in <c>ab_CD</c> format given above.
123	</p>	141	</p>
124		142
125	<table>	143	<table>
126	<tr>	144	<tr>
127	<th>Variable name</th>	145	<th>Variable name</th>
128	<th>Explanation</th>	146	<th>Explanation</th>
129	</tr>	147	</tr>
130	<tr>	148	<tr>
131	<ti>LC_ALL</ti>	149	<ti>LANG</ti>
132	<ti>	150	<ti>
133	Define all locale settings at once. This is the top level setting for	151	Defines all locale settings at once, while allowing further individual
134	locales which will override any other setting.	152	customization via the LC_* settings below.
135	</ti>	153	</ti>
136	</tr>	154	</tr>
137	<tr>	155	<tr>
138	<ti>LC_COLLATE</ti>	156	<ti>LC_COLLATE</ti>
139	<ti>	157	<ti>
140	Define alphabetical ordering of strings. This affects eg. output of sorted	158	Define alphabetical ordering of strings. This affects e.g. output of sorted
141	directory listing.	159	directory listing.
142	</ti>	160	</ti>
143	</tr>	161	</tr>
144	<tr>	162	<tr>
145	<ti>LC_CTYPE</ti>	163	<ti>LC_CTYPE</ti>
…		…
175	<tr>	193	<tr>
176	<ti>LC_PAPER</ti>	194	<ti>LC_PAPER</ti>
177	<ti>Defines default paper size.</ti>	195	<ti>Defines default paper size.</ti>
178	</tr>	196	</tr>
179	<tr>	197	<tr>
180	<ti>LANG</ti>	198	<ti>LC_ALL</ti>
181	<ti>	199	<ti>
182	Defines all locale settings at once. This setting can be overridden by	200	A special variable for overriding all other settings.
183	individual LC_* settings above or even by LC_ALL.
184	</ti>	201	</ti>
185	</tr>	202	</tr>
186	</table>	203	</table>
187		204
188	<note>	205	<note>
189	Even though most programs work with LC_ALL only, some of them misbehave if	206	Some programs are written in such a way that they expect traditional English
190	LC_ALL is set but LANG isn't. If you want to play safe, set them <e>both</e>.	207	ordering of the alphabet, while some locales, most notably the Estonian one, use
		208	a different ordering. Therefore it's recommended to explicitly set LC_COLLATE to C
		209	when dealing with system-wide settings.
191	</note>	210	</note>
192		211
193	<p>	212	<warn>
194	Most typically users only set the LANG variable and perhaps LC_CTYPE variable	213	Using LC_ALL is strongly discouraged as it can't be overridden later on. Please
195	on user level by adding definitions to shells startup files defining	214	use it only when testing and <e>never</e> set it in a startup file.
196	the environment variable manually from command line:	215	</warn>
		216
197	</p>	217	<p>
		218	Most typically users only set the LANG variable on the global basis. This
		219	example is for a unicode German locale:
		220	</p>
198		221
199	<pre caption="setting the German locale">	222	<pre caption="Setting the default system locale in /etc/env.d/02locale">
200	export LANG="de_DE@euro"	223	LANG="de_DE.UTF-8"
		224	LC_COLLATE="C"
201	</pre>	225	</pre>
202		226
203	<note>	227	<note>
204	Append <c>@euro</c> to your locale if you want to use the Euro	228	Use <c>de_DE@euro</c> as your LANG if you want to use the Euro currency symbol
205	currency symbol (€)	229	(€) on non UTF-8 based locales.
206	</note>	230	</note>
		231
		232	<p>
		233	It's also possible, and pretty common especially in a more traditional UNIX
		234	environment, to leave the global settings unchanged, i.e. in the "<c>C</c>"
		235	locale. Users can still specify their preferred locale in their own shell RC
		236	file:
		237	</p>
		238
		239	<pre caption="Setting the user locale in ~/.bashrc">
		240	export LANG="de_DE.UTF-8"
		241	export LC_COLLATE="C"
		242	</pre>
		243
		244	<p>
		245	Another way of configuring system is to leave it in the default C locale, but
		246	enable UTF-8 character representation at the same time. This option is achieved
		247	using the following settings in <path>/etc/env.d/02locale</path>:
		248	</p>
		249
		250	<pre caption="Using traditional C locale while specifying UTF-8">
		251	LC_CTYPE=de_DE.UTF-8
		252	</pre>
		253
		254	<p>
		255	Using the above snippet, users will be able to see localized file names
		256	properly, while not being forced to your preferred language.
		257	</p>
207		258
208	<p>	259	<p>
209	For message based localization to work in programs that support it, you will	260	For message based localization to work in programs that support it, you will
210	probably need to have programs compiled with the <c>nls</c> (Native language	261	probably need to have programs compiled with the <c>nls</c> (Native language
211	support) USE flag set. Most of the programs using nls also need the gettext	262	support) USE flag set. Most of the programs using nls also need the gettext
212	library to extract and use localized messages. Of course, Gentoo's Portage will	263	library to extract and use localized messages. Of course, Portage will
213	automatically install it when needed.	264	automatically install it when needed.
214	</p>	265	</p>
215		266
		267	<p>
		268	Once you have set the right locale, be sure to update your environment
		269	variables to make your system aware of the change:
		270	</p>
		271
		272	<pre caption="Update the environment">
		273	<comment>(For system-wide default locale:)</comment>
		274	# <i>env-update && source /etc/profile</i>
		275
		276	<comment>(For user-specific locale:)</comment>
		277	$ <i>source ~/.bashrc</i>
		278	</pre>
		279
		280	<p>
		281	After this, you will need to kill your X server by pressing
		282	<c>Ctrl-Alt-Backspace</c>, log out, then log in as user.
		283	</p>
		284
		285	<p>
		286	Now, verify that the changes have taken effect:
		287	</p>
		288
		289	<pre caption="Verify env changes">
		290	$ <i>locale</i>
		291	</pre>
		292
		293	<p>
		294	There is also additional localisation variable called LINGUAS, which affects
		295	to localisation files that get installed in gettext-based programs, and decides
		296	used localisation for some specific software packages, such as
		297	<c>kde-base/kde-l10n</c> and <c>app-office/openoffice</c>. The variable
		298	takes in <e>space</e>-separated list of language codes, and suggested
		299	place to set it is <path>/etc/make.conf</path>:
		300	</p>
		301
		302	<pre caption="Setting LINGUAS in make.conf">
		303	# <i>nano -w /etc/make.conf</i>
		304	<comment>(Add in the LINGUAS variable. For instance,
		305	for German, Finnish and English:)</comment>
		306	LINGUAS="de fi en"
		307	</pre>
		308
		309
216	</body>	310	</body>
217	</section>	311	</section>
218	<section>	312	<section>
219	<title>Generating Specific Locales</title>	313	<title>Generating Specific Locales</title>
220	<body>	314	<body>
221		315
222	<p>	316	<p>
223	If you use a locale that isn't available by default, you should use
224	<c>localedef</c> to generate your locale. For instance:
225	</p>
226
227	<pre caption="Generating a locale using localedef">
228	# <i>localedef -c -i en_US -f ISO-8859-15 en_US.ISO-8859-15</i>
229	</pre>
230
231	<p>
232	After having generated the locale, you can export the LANG variable as you see
233	fit.
234	</p>
235
236	<pre caption="Exporting the LANG variable">
237	# <i>export LANG="en_US.ISO-8859-15"</i>
238	</pre>
239
240	</body>
241	</section>
242	<section>
243	<title>The userlocales USE flag</title>
244	<body>
245
246	<p>
247	You will probably only use one or maybe two locales on your system. Up until now	317	You will probably only use one or maybe two locales on your system. You can
248	after compiling <c>glibc</c> a full set of all available locales has been
249	created. As of now you can activate the <c>userlocales</c> USE flag and specify
250	only the locales you will need in <path>/etc/locales.build</path>.	318	specify locales you will need in <path>/etc/locale.gen</path>.
251	</p>
252
253	<pre caption="Activate the userlocales USE flag especially for glibc">
254	echo "sys-libs/glibc userlocales" >> /etc/portage/package.use
255	</pre>
256
257	<p>	319	</p>
258	Now specify the locales you want to be able to use:
259	</p>
260		320
261	<pre caption="Adding locales to /etc/locales.build">	321	<pre caption="Adding locales to /etc/locale.gen">
262	en_US/ISO-8859-1	322	en_GB ISO-8859-1
263	en_US.UTF-8/UTF-8	323	en_GB.UTF-8 UTF-8
264	de_DE/ISO-8859-1	324	de_DE ISO-8859-1
265	de_DE@euro/ISO-8859-15	325	de_DE@euro ISO-8859-15
266	</pre>	326	</pre>
267		327
		328	<p>
		329	The next step is to run <c>locale-gen</c>. It will generate all the locales you
		330	have specified in the <path>/etc/locale.gen</path> file.
268	<p>	331	</p>
269	The next step is to re-compile <c>glibc</c>. Of course you can defer this until	332
270	the next <c>glibc</c> upgrade is available.	333	<note>
		334	<c>locale-gen</c> is available in <c>glibc-2.3.6-r4</c> and newer. If you have
		335	an older version of glibc, you should update it now.
		336	</note>
		337
		338	<p>
		339	You can verify that your selected locales are available by running <c>locale
		340	-a</c>.
271	</p>	341	</p>
272		342
273	</body>	343	</body>
274	</section>	344	</section>
275	</chapter>	345	</chapter>
…		…
279	<section>	349	<section>
280	<body>	350	<body>
281		351
282	<p>	352	<p>
283	The keyboard layout used by the console is set in	353	The keyboard layout used by the console is set in
284	<path>/etc/conf.d/keymaps</path> by the <c>KEYMAP</c> variable.	354	<path>/etc/conf.d/keymaps</path> by the <c>keymap</c> variable.
285	Valid values can be found in	355	Valid values can be found in
286	<path>/usr/share/keymaps/<c>{arch}</c>/</path>.	356	<path>/usr/share/keymaps/<c>{arch}</c>/</path>.
287	<path>i386</path> has further subdivisions into layout	357	<path>i386</path> has further subdivisions into layout
288	(<path>qwerty/</path>, <path>azerty/</path>, etc.). Some	358	(<path>qwerty/</path>, <path>azerty/</path>, etc.). Some
289	languages have multiple options, so you may wish to experiment	359	languages have multiple options, so you may wish to experiment
290	to decide which one fits your needs best.	360	to decide which one fits your needs best.
291	</p>	361	</p>
292		362
293	<pre caption="setting the console keymap">	363	<pre caption="Setting the console keymap">
294	KEYMAP="de"	364	keymap="de"
295	KEYMAP="de-latin1"	365	keymap="de-latin1"
296	KEYMAP="de-latin1-nodeadkeys"	366	keymap="de-latin1-nodeadkeys"
297	</pre>	367	</pre>
298		368
299	</body>	369	</body>
300	</section>	370	</section>
301	</chapter>	371	</chapter>
…		…
309	The keyboard layout to be used by the X server is specified	379	The keyboard layout to be used by the X server is specified
310	in <path>/etc/X11/xorg.conf</path> by the <c>XkbLayout</c>	380	in <path>/etc/X11/xorg.conf</path> by the <c>XkbLayout</c>
311	option.	381	option.
312	</p>	382	</p>
313		383
314	<pre caption="setting the X keymap">	384	<pre caption="Setting the X keymap">
315	Section "InputDevice"	385	Section "InputClass"
316	Identifier "Keyboard1"	386	Identifier "keyboard-all"
317	...	387	Driver "evdev"
318	Option "XkbLayout" "de"	388	Option "XkbLayout" "de"
319	# Option "XkbVariant" "nodeadkeys"	389	#Option "XkbModel" "pc105"
320	...	390	MatchIsKeyboard "on"
		391	EndSection
		392	</pre>
		393
		394	<p>
		395	If you have an international keyboard layout, you should set the option
		396	<c>XkbModel</c> to <c>pc102</c> or <c>pc105</c>, as this will allow mapping of the
		397	additional keys specific to your keyboard.
321	</pre>	398	</p>
		399
		400	<p>
		401	Deadkeys allow you to press keys that will not show immediately but will be
		402	combined with another letter to produce a single character such as é,è,á,à,
		403	etc. Setting <c>XkbVariant</c> to <c>nodeadkeys</c> allows input these special
		404	characters into X terminals.
		405	</p>
		406
		407	<p>
		408	If you would like to switch between more than one keyboard layout (for example
		409	English and Russian), all you have to do is add a few lines to
		410	<path>xorg.conf</path> that specify the desired layouts and the shortcut
		411	command.
		412	</p>
		413
		414	<pre caption="Switching between two keyboard layouts">
		415	Section "InputClass"
		416	Identifier "keyboard-all"
		417	Driver "evdev"
		418	Option "XkbLayout" "us,ru"
		419	Option "XkbOptions" "grp:alt_shift_toggle,grp_led:scroll"
		420	MatchIsKeyboard "on"
		421	EndSection
		422	</pre>
		423
		424	<p>
		425	Here, <c>XkbOptions</c> allows you to toggle between keyboard layouts by simply
		426	pressing <c>Alt-Shift</c>. This will also toggle the Scroll Lock light on or
		427	off, thanks to the <c>grp_led:scroll</c> option. This is a handy visual
		428	indicator of which keyboard layout you are using at the moment.
		429	</p>
322		430
323	</body>	431	</body>
324	</section>	432	</section>
325	</chapter>	433	</chapter>
326		434
…		…
328	<title>KDE</title>	436	<title>KDE</title>
329	<section>	437	<section>
330	<body>	438	<body>
331		439
332	<p>	440	<p>
333	For KDE you have to install the kde-i18n package with the appropriate	441	For KDE you have to install the <c>kde-base/kde-l10n</c> and
334	LINGUAS variable set:	442	<c>app-office/calligra-l10n</c> packages. These respect the <uri
335	</p>	443	link="#variables">LINGUAS variable</uri> described earlier.
336
337	<pre caption="Install localized KDE">
338	# <i>nano -w /etc/make.conf</i>
339	<comment>(Add in the LINGUAS variable. For instance, for the German language:)</comment>
340	LINGUAS="de"
341
342	<comment>(Now install kde-i18n)</comment>
343	# <i>emerge kde-i18n</i>
344	</pre>	444	</p>
345		445
346	</body>	446	</body>
347	</section>	447	</section>
348	</chapter>	448	</chapter>
349		449
…		…
351	<title>The Euro Symbol for the Console</title>	451	<title>The Euro Symbol for the Console</title>
352	<section>	452	<section>
353	<body>	453	<body>
354		454
355	<p>	455	<p>
356	In order to get your console to display the Euro symbol, you	456	In order to get your console to display the Euro symbol, you will need to set
357	will need to set <c>CONSOLEFONT</c> in	457	<c>consolefont</c> in <path>/etc/conf.d/consolefont</path> to a file found in
358	<path>/etc/rc.conf</path> to a file found in
359	<path>/usr/share/consolefonts/</path> (without the	458	<path>/usr/share/consolefonts/</path> (without the <c>.psfu.gz</c>).
360	<c>.psfu.gz</c>). <c>lat9w-16</c> has the Euro symbol.	459	<c>lat9w-16</c> has the Euro symbol.
361	</p>	460	</p>
362		461
363	<pre caption="setting the console font">	462	<pre caption="Setting the console font">
364	CONSOLEFONT="lat9w-16"	463	consolefont="lat9w-16"
		464	</pre>
		465
		466	<p>
		467	You should verify that <c>consolefont</c> is in the boot runlevel:
		468	</p>
		469
		470	<pre caption="Verify the proper runlevel">
		471	# <i>rc-update -v show \| grep consolefont</i>
		472	</pre>
		473
		474	<p>
		475	If no runlevel is displayed for <c>consolefont</c>, then add it to the proper level:
		476	</p>
		477
		478	<pre caption="Add consolefont to boot">
		479	# <i>rc-update add consolefont boot</i>
365	</pre>	480	</pre>
366		481
367	</body>	482	</body>
368	</section>	483	</section>
369	</chapter>	484	</chapter>
…		…
373	<section>	488	<section>
374	<title>Most Applications</title>	489	<title>Most Applications</title>
375	<body>	490	<body>
376		491
377	<p>	492	<p>
378	Getting the Euro symbol to work properly in X is a little	493	Getting the Euro symbol to work properly in X is a little bit tougher. The
379	bit tougher. The first thing you should do is change the <c>fixed</c>	494	first thing you should do is change the <c>fixed</c> and <c>variable</c>
380	and <c>variable</c> definitions in	495	definitions in <path>/usr/share/fonts/misc/fonts.alias</path> to end in
381	<path>/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/misc/fonts.alias</path> to end
382	in <c>iso8859-15</c> instead of <c>iso8859-1</c>.	496	<c>iso8859-15</c> instead of <c>iso8859-1</c>.
383	</p>	497	</p>
384		498
385	<pre caption="setting default X fonts">	499	<pre caption="Setting default X fonts">
386	fixed -misc-fixed-medium-r-semicondensed--13-120-75-75-c-60-iso8859-15	500	fixed -misc-fixed-medium-r-semicondensed--13-120-75-75-c-60-iso8859-15
387	variable --helvetica-bold-r-normal---120----*-iso8859-15	501	variable --helvetica-bold-r-normal---120----*-iso8859-15
388	</pre>	502	</pre>
389		503
390	<p>	504	<p>
391	Some applications use their own font, and you will have to	505	Some applications use their own font, and you will have to tell them separately
392	tell them separately to use a font with the Euro symbol. You	506	to use a font with the Euro symbol. You can do this at a user-specific level in
393	can do this at a user-specific level in
394	<path>.Xdefaults</path> (you can copy this file to	507	<path>.Xdefaults</path> (you can copy this file to <path>/etc/skel/</path> for
395	<path>/etc/skel/</path> for use by new users), or at a global	508	use by new users), or at a global level for any application with a resource file
396	level for any application with a resource file in
397	<path>/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/app-defaults/</path> (like xterm). In	509	in <path>/usr/share/X11/app-defaults/</path> (like xterm). In these files you
398	these files you generally have to change an existing line,	510	generally have to change an existing line, rather than adding a new one. To
399	rather than adding a new one. To change our xterm font, for	511	change our xterm font, for instance:
400	instance:
401	</p>	512	</p>
402		513
403	<pre caption="setting fonts for xterm">	514	<pre caption="Setting fonts for xterm">
404	<comment>(in your home directory)</comment>	515	<comment>(in your home directory)</comment>
405	# <i>echo 'XTerm*font: fixed' >> .Xresources </i>	516	$ <i>echo 'XTerm*font: fixed' >> .Xresources </i>
406	# <i>xrdb -merge .Xresources</i>	517	$ <i>xrdb -merge .Xresources</i>
407	</pre>	518	</pre>
408		519
409	</body>	520	</body>
410	</section>	521	</section>
411	<section>	522	<section>
…		…
425	For XEmacs (not plain Emacs), you have to do a little	536	For XEmacs (not plain Emacs), you have to do a little
426	more. In <path>/home/user/.xemacs/init.el</path>, add:	537	more. In <path>/home/user/.xemacs/init.el</path>, add:
427	</p>	538	</p>
428		539
429	<pre caption="setting the font for xemacs">	540	<pre caption="setting the font for xemacs">
430	(define-key global-map '(EuroSign) '[€])	541	(define-key global-map '(EuroSign) '[€])
431	</pre>	542	</pre>
432		543
433	<note>	544	<note>
434	The symbol in the []s is the Euro symbol.	545	The symbol in the []s is the Euro symbol.
435	</note>	546	</note>
436		547
437	</body>	548	</body>
438	</section>	549	</section>
439	<section>	550	<section>
440	<title>Language for OpenOffice.org</title>	551	<title>OpenOffice.Org</title>
441	<body>	552	<body>
442		553
443	<note>
444	Customized default language is not available for openoffice-bin ebuild. The
445	default language in the openoffice-bin is ENUS.
446	</note>
447
448	<p>
449	Please note that this package now uses the LINGUAS variable to
450	provide localization. The old LANGUAGE=ENUS\|PORT system does <e>not</e> work
451	anymore. The default language for OpenOffice.org is set as "US English". If you
452	wish to change the default language for OpenOffice.org, check the ebuild for the
453	default language code.
454	</p>	554	<p>
455		555	The current stable <c>app-office/openoffice</c> and
456	<pre caption="Example: emerge openoffice for german environment">	556	<c>app-office/openoffice-bin</c> ebuilds support the <uri
457	# <i>nano -w /etc/make.conf</i>	557	link="#variables">LINGUAS variable</uri> for selecting installed GUI language
458	<comment>(Add in the LINGUAS variable. For instance, for the German language:)</comment>	558	packs. To see the status of GUI translation, hyphenation, spell checking and
459	LINGUAS="de"	559	other localisations on your language, please refer to <uri
460		560	link="http://l10n.openoffice.org/languages.html">OpenOffice.Org localisation
461	<comment>(Now install openoffice)</comment>	561	web site</uri>.
462	# <i>emerge openoffice</i>
463	</pre>	562	</p>
464		563
465	</body>	564	</body>
466	</section>	565	</section>
467	</chapter>	566	</chapter>
468		567

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