en/handbook/hb-install-alpha-medium.xml

<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?>
<!DOCTYPE sections SYSTEM "/dtd/book.dtd">

<!-- The content of this document is licensed under the CC-BY-SA license -->
<!-- See http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5 -->

<!-- $Header: /var/cvsroot/gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en/handbook/draft/hb-install-alpha-medium.xml,v 1.23 2007/04/02 02:49:42 nightmorph Exp $ -->

<sections>

<version>8.0</version>
<date>2007-05-07</date>

<section>
<title>Hardware Requirements</title>
<subsection>
<title>Introduction</title>
<body>

<p>
Before we start, we first list what hardware requirements you need to
successfully install Gentoo on your box. 
</p>

</body>
</subsection>
<subsection>
<title>Hardware Requirements</title>
<body>

<table>
<tr>
  <th>CPU</th>
  <ti>
    Please check with the <uri
    link="http://www.alphalinux.org/faq/FAQ-5.html">Alpha/Linux FAQ</uri>
  </ti>
</tr>
<tr>
  <th>Memory</th>
  <ti>64 MB</ti>
</tr>
<tr>
  <th>Diskspace</th>
  <ti>1.5 GB (excluding swap space)</ti>
</tr>
<tr>
  <th>Swap space</th>
  <ti>At least 256 MB</ti>
</tr>
</table>

</body>
</subsection>
</section>

<!-- Copy/paste from hb-install-x86-medium.xml -->
<!-- START -->
<section>
<title>The Gentoo Installation CDs</title>
<subsection>
<title>Introduction</title>
<body>

<p>
The <e>Gentoo Installation CDs</e> are bootable CDs which contain a
self-sustained Gentoo environment. They allow you to boot Linux from the CD.
During the boot process your hardware is detected and the appropriate drivers
are loaded. They are maintained by Gentoo developers.
</p>

<p>
All Installation CDs allow you to boot, set up networking, initialize your
partitions and start installing Gentoo from the Internet. We currently provide
two Installation CDs which are equaly suitable to install Gentoo from, as long 
as you're planning on performing an Internet-based installation using the 
latest version of the available packages.
</p>

<p>
If you wish to install Gentoo without a working Internet connection, please use
the installation instructions described in the <uri
link="2007.0/index.xml">Gentoo 2007.0 Handbooks</uri>. 
</p>

<p>
The two Installation CDs we currently provide are:
</p>

<ul>
  <li>
    The Gentoo Minimal Installation CD, a small, no-nonsense, bootable CD which
    sole purpose is to boot the system, prepare the networking and continue
    with the Gentoo installation.
  </li>
  <li>
    The Gentoo Universal Installation CD, a bootable CD with the same abilities
    as the Minimal Installation CD. Additionally, it contains several stage3 
    tarballs (optimized for the individual subarchitectures).
  </li>
</ul>

<p>
To help you decide which Installation CD you need, we have written down the
major advantages and disadvantages of each Installation CD.
</p>

</body>
</subsection>
<subsection>
<title>Gentoo's Minimal Installation CD</title>
<body>

<p>
The Minimal Installation CD is called <c>install-alpha-minimal-2007.0.iso</c>
and takes up only 65 MB of diskspace. You can use this Installation CD to 
install Gentoo, but always with a working Internet connection only.
</p>

<table>
<tr>
  <th>Minimal Installation CD</th>
  <th>Pros and Cons</th>
</tr>
<tr>
  <th>+</th>
  <ti>Smallest download</ti>
</tr>
<tr>
  <th>-</th>
  <ti>
    Contains no stage3 tarball, no Portage snapshot, no prebuilt packages and is
    therefore not suitable for networkless installation
  </ti>
</tr>
</table>

</body>
</subsection>
<subsection>
<title>Gentoo's Universal Installation CD</title>
<body>

<p>
The Universal Installation CD is called <c>install-alpha-universal-2007.0.iso</c>
and consumes about 316 MB on a CD. You can use this Installation CD to install
Gentoo, and you can even use it to install Gentoo without a working internet
connection, just in case you want to bring Gentoo to another PC than the one
you are currently installing Gentoo on :)
</p>

<table>
<tr>
  <th>Universal Installation CD</th>
  <th>Pros and Cons</th>
</tr>
<tr>
  <ti>+</ti>
  <ti>
    Contains everything you need. You can even install without a network
    connection.
  </ti>
</tr>
<tr>
  <ti>-</ti>
  <ti>
    Huge download
  </ti>
</tr>
</table>

</body>
</subsection>

<subsection>
<title>Other CDs</title>
<body>

<p>
You might find a Package CD on one of our mirrors. This CD is not an
Installation CD but an additional resource that can be exploited during a
networkless installation. It contains prebuilt packages (also known as the GRP
set) that allow you to easily and quickly install additional applications
(such as OpenOffice.org, KDE, GNOME, ...) immediately after the networkless
Gentoo installation.
</p>

<p>
If you intend to use the Packages CD to quickly install additional software,
make sure that you use the same subarchitecture as the stage3 tarball you use.
</p>

</body>
</subsection>
<subsection>
<title>The Stage3 Tarball</title>
<body>

<p>
A stage3 tarball is an archive containing a minimal Gentoo environment, suitable
to continue the Gentoo installation using the instructions in this manual.
Previously, the Gentoo Handbook described the installation using one of three 
stage tarballs. While Gentoo still offers stage1 and stage2 tarballs, the 
official installation method uses the stage3 tarball. If you are interested in
performing a Gentoo installation using a stage1 or stage2 tarball, please read
the Gentoo FAQ on <uri link="/doc/en/faq.xml#stage12">How do I Install Gentoo
Using a Stage1 or Stage2 Tarball?</uri>
</p>

</body>
</subsection>
</section>
<!-- STOP -->
<section>
<title>Download, Burn and Boot a Gentoo Installation CD</title>
<subsection>
<title>Downloading and Burning the Installation CDs</title>
<body>

<p>
You have chosen to use a Gentoo Installation CD. We'll first start by 
downloading and burning the chosen Installation CD. We previously discussed 
the several available Installation CDs, but where can you find them? 
</p>

<p>
You can download any of the Installation CDs (and, if you want to, a Packages CD
as well) from one of our <uri link="/main/en/mirrors.xml">mirrors</uri>. The
Installation CDs are located in the <path><keyval
id="release-dir"/>installcd</path> directory.
</p>

<p>
Inside that directory you'll find ISO-files. Those are full CD images which you
can write on a CD-R.
</p>

<p>
In case you wonder if your downloaded file is corrupted or not, you can
check its MD5 checksum and compare it with the MD5 checksum we provide (such as
<path>install-alpha-minimal-2007.0.iso.DIGESTS</path>). You can check the MD5 
checksum with the <c>md5sum</c> tool under Linux/Unix or <uri
link="http://www.etree.org/md5com.html">md5sum</uri> for Windows.
</p>

<p>
Another way to check the validity of the downloaded file is to use GnuPG to
verify the cryptographic signature that we provide (the file ending with
<path>.asc</path>). Download the signature file and obtain the public key:
</p>

<pre caption="Obtaining the public key">
$ <i>gpg --keyserver subkeys.pgp.net --recv-keys 17072058</i>
</pre>

<p>
Now verify the signature:
</p>

<pre caption="Verify the cryptographic signature">
$ <i>gpg --verify &lt;signature file&gt; &lt;downloaded iso&gt;</i>
</pre>

<p>
To burn the downloaded ISO(s), you have to select raw-burning. How you
do this is highly program-dependent. We will discuss <c>cdrecord</c> and
<c>K3B</c> here; more information can be found in our <uri
link="/doc/en/faq.xml#isoburning">Gentoo FAQ</uri>.
</p>

<ul>
  <li>
    With cdrecord, you simply type <c>cdrecord dev=/dev/hdc &lt;downloaded iso 
    file&gt;</c> (replace <path>/dev/hdc</path> with your CD-RW drive's 
    device path).
  </li>
  <li>
    With K3B, select <c>Tools</c> &gt; <c>CD</c> &gt; <c>Burn Image</c>. Then
    you can locate your ISO file within the 'Image to Burn' area. Finally click
    <c>Start</c>.
  </li>
</ul>

</body>
</subsection>
<subsection>
<title>Booting the Installation CD</title>
<body>

<p>
When your Alpha is powered on, the first thing that gets started is the
firmware. It is loosely synonymous with the BIOS software on PC systems. There
are two types of firmware on Alpha systems: SRM (<e>Systems Reference 
Manual</e>) and ARC (<e>Advanced Risc Console</e>).
</p>

<p>
SRM is based on the Alpha Console Subsystem specification, which provides an
operating environment for OpenVMS, Tru64 UNIX, and Linux operating systems. ARC
is based on the Advanced RISC Computing (ARC) specification, which provides
an operating environment for Windows NT.  You can find a 
<uri link="http://www.alphalinux.org/faq/SRM-HOWTO/">detailed guide</uri> on 
using SRM over at the Alpha Linux website.
</p>

<p>
If your Alpha system supports both SRM and ARCs (ARC, AlphaBIOS, ARCSBIOS) you
should follow <uri link="http://www.alphalinux.org/faq/x31.html">these
instructions</uri> for switching to SRM. If your system already uses SRM, you
are all set. If your system can only use ARCs (Ruffian, nautilus, xl, etc.) you
will need to choose <c>MILO</c> later on when we are talking about bootloaders.
</p>

<p>
Now to boot an Alpha Installation CD, put the CD-ROM in the tray and reboot the 
system. You can use SRM to boot the Installation CD. If you cannot do that, you
will have to use <c>MILO</c>. If you don't have <c>MILO</c> installed already,
use one of the precompiled <c>MILO</c> images available on <uri
link="http://dev.gentoo.org/~taviso/milo/">taviso's homepage</uri>.
</p>

<pre caption="Booting a CD-ROM using SRM">
<comment>(List available hardware drives)</comment>
&gt;&gt;&gt; <i>show device</i>
dkb0.0.1.4.0        DKB0       TOSHIBA CDROM
<comment>(...)</comment>
<comment>(Substitute dkb0 with your CD-ROM drive device)</comment>
&gt;&gt;&gt; <i>boot dkb0 -flags 0</i>
<comment>(If you need serial console support)</comment>
&gt;&gt;&gt; <i>boot dkb0 -flags 2</i>
</pre>

<pre caption="Booting a CD-ROM using MILO">
<comment>(Substitute hdb with your CD-ROM drive device)</comment>
MILO&gt; <i>boot hdb:/boot/gentoo_2.6 initrd=/boot/gentoo_2_6.igz root=/dev/ram0 init=/linuxrc looptype=zisofs loop=/zisofs cdroot</i>
<comment>(If you need serial console support)</comment>
MILO&gt; <i>boot hdb:/boot/gentoo_2.6 initrd=/boot/gentoo_2_6.igz root=/dev/ram0 init=/linuxrc looptype=zisofs loop=/zisofs console=ttyS0 cdroot</i>
</pre>

<p>
You should have a root ("#") prompt on the current console and can also switch
to other consoles by pressing Alt-F2, Alt-F3 and Alt-F4. Get back to the one you
started on by pressing Alt-F1.
</p>

<p>
Now continue with <uri link="#hardware">Extra Hardware Configuration</uri>.
</p>

</body>
</subsection>
<subsection id="hardware">
<title>Extra Hardware Configuration</title>
<body>

<p>
When the Installation CD boots, it tries to detect all your hardware devices and
loads the appropriate kernel modules to support your hardware. In the
vast majority of cases, it does a very good job. However, in some cases it may 
not auto-load the kernel 
modules you need. If the PCI auto-detection missed some of your system's 
hardware, you will have to load the appropriate kernel modules manually. 
</p>

<p>
In the next example we try to load the <c>8139too</c> module (support for 
certain kinds of network interfaces):
</p>

<pre caption="Loading kernel modules">
# <i>modprobe 8139too</i>
</pre>

</body>
</subsection>
<subsection>
<title>Optional: Tweaking Hard Disk Performance</title>
<body>

<p>
If you are an advanced user, you might want to tweak the IDE hard disk
performance using <c>hdparm</c>. With the <c>-tT</c> options you can
test the performance of your disk (execute it several times to get a
more precise impression):
</p>

<pre caption="Testing disk performance">
# <i>hdparm -tT /dev/hda</i>
</pre>

<p>
To tweak, you can use any of the following examples (or experiment
yourself) which use <path>/dev/hda</path> as disk (substitute with your
disk):
</p>

<pre caption="Tweaking hard disk performance">
<comment>Activate DMA:</comment>
# <i>hdparm -d 1 /dev/hda</i>
<comment>Activate DMA + Safe Performance-enhancing Options:</comment>
# <i>hdparm -d 1 -A 1 -m 16 -u 1 -a 64 /dev/hda</i>
</pre>

</body>
</subsection>
<subsection id="useraccounts">
<title>Optional: User Accounts</title>
<body>

<p>
If you plan on giving other people access to your installation
environment or you want to chat using <c>irssi</c> without root privileges (for
security reasons), you need to create the necessary user accounts and change 
the root password.
</p>

<p>
To change the root password, use the <c>passwd</c> utility:
</p>

<pre caption="Changing the root password">
# <i>passwd</i>
New password: <comment>(Enter your new password)</comment>
Re-enter password: <comment>(Re-enter your password)</comment>
</pre>

<p>
To create a user account, we first enter their credentials, followed by
its password. We use <c>useradd</c> and <c>passwd</c> for these tasks.
In the next example, we create a user called &quot;john&quot;.
</p>

<pre caption="Creating a user account">
# <i>useradd -m -G users john</i>
# <i>passwd john</i>
New password: <comment>(Enter john's password)</comment>
Re-enter password: <comment>(Re-enter john's password)</comment>
</pre>

<p>
You can change your user id from root to the newly created user by using
<c>su</c>:
</p>

<pre caption="Changing user id">
# <i>su - john</i>
</pre>

</body>
</subsection>
<subsection>
<title>Optional: Viewing Documentation while Installing</title>
<body>

<p>
If you want to view the Gentoo Handbook (either from-CD or online) during the
installation, make sure you have created a user account (see <uri
link="#useraccounts">Optional: User Accounts</uri>). Then press <c>Alt-F2</c> to
go to a new terminal and log in.
</p>

<p>
If you want to view the documentation on the CD you can immediately run
<c>lynx</c> to read it:
</p>

<pre caption="Viewing the on-CD documentation">
# <i>lynx /mnt/cdrom/docs/html/index.html</i>
</pre>

<p>
However, it is preferred that you use the online Gentoo Handbook as it will be
more recent than the one provided on the CD. You can view it using <c>lynx</c>
as well, but only after having completed the <e>Configuring your Network</e>
chapter (otherwise you won't be able to go on the Internet to view the
document):
</p>

<pre caption="Viewing the Online Documentation">
# <i>lynx http://www.gentoo.org/doc/en/handbook/<keyval id="online-book"/></i>
</pre>

<p>
You can go back to your original terminal by pressing <c>Alt-F1</c>.
</p>

</body>
</subsection>
<subsection>
<title>Optional: Starting the SSH Daemon</title>
<body>

<p>
If you want to allow other users to access your computer during the
Gentoo installation (perhaps because those users are going to help you
install Gentoo, or even do it for you), you need to create a user
account for them and perhaps even provide them with your root password 
(<e>only</e> do that <e>if</e> you <b>fully trust</b> that user).
</p>

<p>
To fire up the SSH daemon, execute the following command:
</p>

<pre caption="Starting the SSH daemon">
# <i>/etc/init.d/sshd start</i>
</pre>

<p>
To be able to use sshd, you first need to set up your networking. Continue with
the chapter on <uri link="?part=1&amp;chap=3">Configuring your Network</uri>.
</p>

</body>
</subsection>
</section>
</sections>
1	swift	1.1	<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?>
2			<!DOCTYPE sections SYSTEM "/dtd/book.dtd">
3
4			<!-- The content of this document is licensed under the CC-BY-SA license -->
5	jkt	1.39	<!-- See http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5 -->
6	swift	1.1
7	nightmorph	1.43	<!-- $Header: /var/cvsroot/gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en/handbook/draft/hb-install-alpha-medium.xml,v 1.23 2007/04/02 02:49:42 nightmorph Exp $ -->
8	swift	1.1
9			<sections>
10	swift	1.20
11	nightmorph	1.43	<version>8.0</version>
12			<date>2007-05-07</date>
13	swift	1.20
14	swift	1.1	<section>
15			<title>Hardware Requirements</title>
16			<subsection>
17			<title>Introduction</title>
18			<body>
19
20			<p>
21			Before we start, we first list what hardware requirements you need to
22	swift	1.24	successfully install Gentoo on your box.
23	swift	1.1	</p>
24
25			</body>
26			</subsection>
27			<subsection>
28	swift	1.24	<title>Hardware Requirements</title>
29	swift	1.1	<body>
30
31	swift	1.24	<table>
32			<tr>
33			<th>CPU</th>
34			<ti>
35			Please check with the <uri
36			link="http://www.alphalinux.org/faq/FAQ-5.html">Alpha/Linux FAQ</uri>
37			</ti>
38			</tr>
39			<tr>
40			<th>Memory</th>
41			<ti>64 MB</ti>
42			</tr>
43			<tr>
44			<th>Diskspace</th>
45			<ti>1.5 GB (excluding swap space)</ti>
46			</tr>
47			<tr>
48			<th>Swap space</th>
49			<ti>At least 256 MB</ti>
50			</tr>
51			</table>
52	swift	1.1
53			</body>
54			</subsection>
55			</section>
56	swift	1.37
57			<!-- Copy/paste from hb-install-x86-medium.xml -->
58	swift	1.24	<!-- START -->
59	swift	1.1	<section>
60	swift	1.28	<title>The Gentoo Installation CDs</title>
61	swift	1.24	<subsection>
62			<title>Introduction</title>
63			<body>
64
65	swift	1.1	<p>
66	swift	1.28	The <e>Gentoo Installation CDs</e> are bootable CDs which contain a
67	swift	1.24	self-sustained Gentoo environment. They allow you to boot Linux from the CD.
68			During the boot process your hardware is detected and the appropriate drivers
69			are loaded. They are maintained by Gentoo developers.
70			</p>
71
72			<p>
73	swift	1.28	All Installation CDs allow you to boot, set up networking, initialize your
74	swift	1.24	partitions and start installing Gentoo from the Internet. We currently provide
75	swift	1.28	two Installation CDs which are equaly suitable to install Gentoo from, as long
76			as you're planning on performing an Internet-based installation using the
77			latest version of the available packages.
78	swift	1.24	</p>
79
80			<p>
81	swift	1.26	If you wish to install Gentoo without a working Internet connection, please use
82	swift	1.24	the installation instructions described in the <uri
83	nightmorph	1.43	link="2007.0/index.xml">Gentoo 2007.0 Handbooks</uri>.
84	swift	1.24	</p>
85
86			<p>
87	swift	1.28	The two Installation CDs we currently provide are:
88			</p>
89
90			<ul>
91			<li>
92			The Gentoo Minimal Installation CD, a small, no-nonsense, bootable CD which
93			sole purpose is to boot the system, prepare the networking and continue
94			with the Gentoo installation.
95			</li>
96			<li>
97			The Gentoo Universal Installation CD, a bootable CD with the same abilities
98	swift	1.37	as the Minimal Installation CD. Additionally, it contains several stage3
99			tarballs (optimized for the individual subarchitectures).
100	swift	1.28	</li>
101			</ul>
102
103			<p>
104			To help you decide which Installation CD you need, we have written down the
105			major advantages and disadvantages of each Installation CD.
106	swift	1.1	</p>
107
108			</body>
109			</subsection>
110			<subsection>
111	swift	1.28	<title>Gentoo's Minimal Installation CD</title>
112	swift	1.1	<body>
113
114			<p>
115	nightmorph	1.43	The Minimal Installation CD is called <c>install-alpha-minimal-2007.0.iso</c>
116	fox2mike	1.40	and takes up only 65 MB of diskspace. You can use this Installation CD to
117	swift	1.28	install Gentoo, but always with a working Internet connection only.
118	swift	1.1	</p>
119
120	swift	1.24	<table>
121			<tr>
122	swift	1.28	<th>Minimal Installation CD</th>
123	swift	1.24	<th>Pros and Cons</th>
124			</tr>
125			<tr>
126			<th>+</th>
127			<ti>Smallest download</ti>
128			</tr>
129			<tr>
130			<th>-</th>
131			<ti>
132	swift	1.37	Contains no stage3 tarball, no Portage snapshot, no prebuilt packages and is
133	swift	1.24	therefore not suitable for networkless installation
134			</ti>
135			</tr>
136			</table>
137	swift	1.1
138			</body>
139			</subsection>
140	swift	1.28	<subsection>
141			<title>Gentoo's Universal Installation CD</title>
142			<body>
143
144			<p>
145	nightmorph	1.43	The Universal Installation CD is called <c>install-alpha-universal-2007.0.iso</c>
146	fox2mike	1.40	and consumes about 316 MB on a CD. You can use this Installation CD to install
147			Gentoo, and you can even use it to install Gentoo without a working internet
148			connection, just in case you want to bring Gentoo to another PC than the one
149			you are currently installing Gentoo on :)
150	swift	1.28	</p>
151
152			<table>
153			<tr>
154			<th>Universal Installation CD</th>
155			<th>Pros and Cons</th>
156			</tr>
157			<tr>
158			<ti>+</ti>
159			<ti>
160			Contains everything you need. You can even install without a network
161			connection.
162			</ti>
163			</tr>
164			<tr>
165			<ti>-</ti>
166			<ti>
167			Huge download
168			</ti>
169			</tr>
170			</table>
171
172			</body>
173			</subsection>
174	nightmorph	1.43
175	swift	1.28	<subsection>
176			<title>Other CDs</title>
177			<body>
178
179			<p>
180	neysx	1.38	You might find a Package CD on one of our mirrors. This CD is not an
181	swift	1.28	Installation CD but an additional resource that can be exploited during a
182	neysx	1.38	networkless installation. It contains prebuilt packages (also known as the GRP
183			set) that allow you to easily and quickly install additional applications
184			(such as OpenOffice.org, KDE, GNOME, ...) immediately after the networkless
185			Gentoo installation.
186	swift	1.28	</p>
187
188	swift	1.36	<p>
189			If you intend to use the Packages CD to quickly install additional software,
190	swift	1.37	make sure that you use the same subarchitecture as the stage3 tarball you use.
191			</p>
192
193			</body>
194	nightmorph	1.43	</subsection>
195	swift	1.37	<subsection>
196			<title>The Stage3 Tarball</title>
197			<body>
198
199			<p>
200			A stage3 tarball is an archive containing a minimal Gentoo environment, suitable
201			to continue the Gentoo installation using the instructions in this manual.
202			Previously, the Gentoo Handbook described the installation using one of three
203			stage tarballs. While Gentoo still offers stage1 and stage2 tarballs, the
204			official installation method uses the stage3 tarball. If you are interested in
205			performing a Gentoo installation using a stage1 or stage2 tarball, please read
206			the Gentoo FAQ on <uri link="/doc/en/faq.xml#stage12">How do I Install Gentoo
207			Using a Stage1 or Stage2 Tarball?</uri>
208	swift	1.36	</p>
209
210	swift	1.28	</body>
211			</subsection>
212	swift	1.1	</section>
213	swift	1.24	<!-- STOP -->
214	swift	1.1	<section>
215	swift	1.28	<title>Download, Burn and Boot a Gentoo Installation CD</title>
216	swift	1.1	<subsection>
217	swift	1.28	<title>Downloading and Burning the Installation CDs</title>
218	swift	1.1	<body>
219
220			<p>
221	swift	1.28	You have chosen to use a Gentoo Installation CD. We'll first start by
222			downloading and burning the chosen Installation CD. We previously discussed
223			the several available Installation CDs, but where can you find them?
224	swift	1.1	</p>
225
226			<p>
227	nightmorph	1.43	You can download any of the Installation CDs (and, if you want to, a Packages CD
228			as well) from one of our <uri link="/main/en/mirrors.xml">mirrors</uri>. The
229			Installation CDs are located in the <path><keyval
230			id="release-dir"/>installcd</path> directory.
231	swift	1.24	</p>
232
233			<p>
234	neysx	1.38	Inside that directory you'll find ISO-files. Those are full CD images which you
235			can write on a CD-R.
236	swift	1.1	</p>
237
238			<p>
239			In case you wonder if your downloaded file is corrupted or not, you can
240			check its MD5 checksum and compare it with the MD5 checksum we provide (such as
241	nightmorph	1.43	<path>install-alpha-minimal-2007.0.iso.DIGESTS</path>). You can check the MD5
242	swift	1.28	checksum with the <c>md5sum</c> tool under Linux/Unix or <uri
243	neysx	1.11	link="http://www.etree.org/md5com.html">md5sum</uri> for Windows.
244	swift	1.1	</p>
245
246			<p>
247	swift	1.8	Another way to check the validity of the downloaded file is to use GnuPG to
248			verify the cryptographic signature that we provide (the file ending with
249			<path>.asc</path>). Download the signature file and obtain the public key:
250			</p>
251
252			<pre caption="Obtaining the public key">
253	jkt	1.39	$ <i>gpg --keyserver subkeys.pgp.net --recv-keys 17072058</i>
254	swift	1.8	</pre>
255
256			<p>
257			Now verify the signature:
258			</p>
259
260			<pre caption="Verify the cryptographic signature">
261	swift	1.12	$ <i>gpg --verify <signature file> <downloaded iso></i>
262	swift	1.8	</pre>
263
264			<p>
265	swift	1.1	To burn the downloaded ISO(s), you have to select raw-burning. How you
266	swift	1.9	do this is highly program-dependent. We will discuss <c>cdrecord</c> and
267			<c>K3B</c> here; more information can be found in our <uri
268			link="/doc/en/faq.xml#isoburning">Gentoo FAQ</uri>.
269	swift	1.1	</p>
270
271			<ul>
272			<li>
273	swift	1.24	With cdrecord, you simply type <c>cdrecord dev=/dev/hdc <downloaded iso
274			file></c> (replace <path>/dev/hdc</path> with your CD-RW drive's
275	swift	1.27	device path).
276	swift	1.1	</li>
277	swift	1.2	<li>
278	bennyc	1.5	With K3B, select <c>Tools</c> > <c>CD</c> > <c>Burn Image</c>. Then
279			you can locate your ISO file within the 'Image to Burn' area. Finally click
280	swift	1.2	<c>Start</c>.
281			</li>
282	swift	1.1	</ul>
283
284			</body>
285			</subsection>
286			<subsection>
287	swift	1.28	<title>Booting the Installation CD</title>
288	swift	1.1	<body>
289
290			<p>
291			When your Alpha is powered on, the first thing that gets started is the
292			firmware. It is loosely synonymous with the BIOS software on PC systems. There
293			are two types of firmware on Alpha systems: SRM (<e>Systems Reference
294			Manual</e>) and ARC (<e>Advanced Risc Console</e>).
295			</p>
296
297			<p>
298			SRM is based on the Alpha Console Subsystem specification, which provides an
299	swift	1.28	operating environment for OpenVMS, Tru64 UNIX, and Linux operating systems. ARC
300	swift	1.1	is based on the Advanced RISC Computing (ARC) specification, which provides
301	vapier	1.14	an operating environment for Windows NT. You can find a
302			<uri link="http://www.alphalinux.org/faq/SRM-HOWTO/">detailed guide</uri> on
303			using SRM over at the Alpha Linux website.
304	swift	1.1	</p>
305
306			<p>
307	vapier	1.29	If your Alpha system supports both SRM and ARCs (ARC, AlphaBIOS, ARCSBIOS) you
308	swift	1.1	should follow <uri link="http://www.alphalinux.org/faq/x31.html">these
309			instructions</uri> for switching to SRM. If your system already uses SRM, you
310			are all set. If your system can only use ARCs (Ruffian, nautilus, xl, etc.) you
311			will need to choose <c>MILO</c> later on when we are talking about bootloaders.
312			</p>
313
314			<p>
315	swift	1.28	Now to boot an Alpha Installation CD, put the CD-ROM in the tray and reboot the
316			system. You can use SRM to boot the Installation CD. If you cannot do that, you
317			will have to use <c>MILO</c>. If you don't have <c>MILO</c> installed already,
318			use one of the precompiled <c>MILO</c> images available on <uri
319	swift	1.1	link="http://dev.gentoo.org/~taviso/milo/">taviso's homepage</uri>.
320			</p>
321
322			<pre caption="Booting a CD-ROM using SRM">
323			<comment>(List available hardware drives)</comment>
324			>>> <i>show device</i>
325			dkb0.0.1.4.0 DKB0 TOSHIBA CDROM
326			<comment>(...)</comment>
327			<comment>(Substitute dkb0 with your CD-ROM drive device)</comment>
328			>>> <i>boot dkb0 -flags 0</i>
329	nightmorph	1.41	<comment>(If you need serial console support)</comment>
330			>>> <i>boot dkb0 -flags 2</i>
331	swift	1.1	</pre>
332
333			<pre caption="Booting a CD-ROM using MILO">
334			<comment>(Substitute hdb with your CD-ROM drive device)</comment>
335	swift	1.33	MILO> <i>boot hdb:/boot/gentoo_2.6 initrd=/boot/gentoo_2_6.igz root=/dev/ram0 init=/linuxrc looptype=zisofs loop=/zisofs cdroot</i>
336	nightmorph	1.41	<comment>(If you need serial console support)</comment>
337			MILO> <i>boot hdb:/boot/gentoo_2.6 initrd=/boot/gentoo_2_6.igz root=/dev/ram0 init=/linuxrc looptype=zisofs loop=/zisofs console=ttyS0 cdroot</i>
338	swift	1.1	</pre>
339
340			<p>
341			You should have a root ("#") prompt on the current console and can also switch
342			to other consoles by pressing Alt-F2, Alt-F3 and Alt-F4. Get back to the one you
343			started on by pressing Alt-F1.
344			</p>
345
346			<p>
347			Now continue with <uri link="#hardware">Extra Hardware Configuration</uri>.
348			</p>
349
350			</body>
351			</subsection>
352			<subsection id="hardware">
353			<title>Extra Hardware Configuration</title>
354			<body>
355
356			<p>
357	swift	1.28	When the Installation CD boots, it tries to detect all your hardware devices and
358	swift	1.1	loads the appropriate kernel modules to support your hardware. In the
359	swift	1.28	vast majority of cases, it does a very good job. However, in some cases it may
360			not auto-load the kernel
361	swift	1.1	modules you need. If the PCI auto-detection missed some of your system's
362			hardware, you will have to load the appropriate kernel modules manually.
363			</p>
364
365			<p>
366			In the next example we try to load the <c>8139too</c> module (support for
367			certain kinds of network interfaces):
368			</p>
369
370			<pre caption="Loading kernel modules">
371			# <i>modprobe 8139too</i>
372			</pre>
373
374			</body>
375			</subsection>
376			<subsection>
377			<title>Optional: Tweaking Hard Disk Performance</title>
378			<body>
379
380			<p>
381			If you are an advanced user, you might want to tweak the IDE hard disk
382			performance using <c>hdparm</c>. With the <c>-tT</c> options you can
383			test the performance of your disk (execute it several times to get a
384			more precise impression):
385			</p>
386
387			<pre caption="Testing disk performance">
388			# <i>hdparm -tT /dev/hda</i>
389			</pre>
390
391			<p>
392			To tweak, you can use any of the following examples (or experiment
393			yourself) which use <path>/dev/hda</path> as disk (substitute with your
394			disk):
395			</p>
396
397			<pre caption="Tweaking hard disk performance">
398	nightmorph	1.43	<comment>Activate DMA:</comment>
399			# <i>hdparm -d 1 /dev/hda</i>
400			<comment>Activate DMA + Safe Performance-enhancing Options:</comment>
401			# <i>hdparm -d 1 -A 1 -m 16 -u 1 -a 64 /dev/hda</i>
402	swift	1.1	</pre>
403
404			</body>
405			</subsection>
406	swift	1.13	<subsection id="useraccounts">
407	swift	1.1	<title>Optional: User Accounts</title>
408			<body>
409
410			<p>
411			If you plan on giving other people access to your installation
412			environment or you want to chat using <c>irssi</c> without root privileges (for
413			security reasons), you need to create the necessary user accounts and change
414			the root password.
415			</p>
416
417			<p>
418			To change the root password, use the <c>passwd</c> utility:
419			</p>
420
421			<pre caption="Changing the root password">
422			# <i>passwd</i>
423			New password: <comment>(Enter your new password)</comment>
424			Re-enter password: <comment>(Re-enter your password)</comment>
425			</pre>
426
427			<p>
428	swift	1.4	To create a user account, we first enter their credentials, followed by
429	swift	1.1	its password. We use <c>useradd</c> and <c>passwd</c> for these tasks.
430			In the next example, we create a user called "john".
431			</p>
432
433			<pre caption="Creating a user account">
434	swift	1.18	# <i>useradd -m -G users john</i>
435	swift	1.1	# <i>passwd john</i>
436			New password: <comment>(Enter john's password)</comment>
437			Re-enter password: <comment>(Re-enter john's password)</comment>
438			</pre>
439
440			<p>
441			You can change your user id from root to the newly created user by using
442			<c>su</c>:
443			</p>
444
445			<pre caption="Changing user id">
446	swift	1.15	# <i>su - john</i>
447	swift	1.1	</pre>
448
449			</body>
450			</subsection>
451			<subsection>
452	swift	1.13	<title>Optional: Viewing Documentation while Installing</title>
453			<body>
454
455			<p>
456			If you want to view the Gentoo Handbook (either from-CD or online) during the
457			installation, make sure you have created a user account (see <uri
458	neysx	1.19	link="#useraccounts">Optional: User Accounts</uri>). Then press <c>Alt-F2</c> to
459	swift	1.13	go to a new terminal and log in.
460			</p>
461
462			<p>
463			If you want to view the documentation on the CD you can immediately run
464	swift	1.16	<c>lynx</c> to read it:
465	swift	1.13	</p>
466
467			<pre caption="Viewing the on-CD documentation">
468	neysx	1.35	# <i>lynx /mnt/cdrom/docs/html/index.html</i>
469	swift	1.13	</pre>
470
471			<p>
472			However, it is preferred that you use the online Gentoo Handbook as it will be
473	swift	1.16	more recent than the one provided on the CD. You can view it using <c>lynx</c>
474	swift	1.13	as well, but only after having completed the <e>Configuring your Network</e>
475			chapter (otherwise you won't be able to go on the Internet to view the
476			document):
477			</p>
478
479			<pre caption="Viewing the Online Documentation">
480	nightmorph	1.43	# <i>lynx http://www.gentoo.org/doc/en/handbook/<keyval id="online-book"/></i>
481	swift	1.13	</pre>
482
483			<p>
484			You can go back to your original terminal by pressing <c>Alt-F1</c>.
485			</p>
486
487			</body>
488			</subsection>
489			<subsection>
490	swift	1.1	<title>Optional: Starting the SSH Daemon</title>
491			<body>
492
493			<p>
494			If you want to allow other users to access your computer during the
495			Gentoo installation (perhaps because those users are going to help you
496			install Gentoo, or even do it for you), you need to create a user
497			account for them and perhaps even provide them with your root password
498			(<e>only</e> do that <e>if</e> you <b>fully trust</b> that user).
499			</p>
500
501			<p>
502			To fire up the SSH daemon, execute the following command:
503			</p>
504
505			<pre caption="Starting the SSH daemon">
506			# <i>/etc/init.d/sshd start</i>
507			</pre>
508
509			<p>
510	swift	1.17	To be able to use sshd, you first need to set up your networking. Continue with
511	swift	1.1	the chapter on <uri link="?part=1&chap=3">Configuring your Network</uri>.
512			</p>
513
514			</body>
515			</subsection>
516			</section>
517			</sections>