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1<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?> 1<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?>
2<!DOCTYPE sections SYSTEM "/dtd/book.dtd"> 2<!DOCTYPE sections SYSTEM "/dtd/book.dtd">
3 3
4<!-- The content of this document is licensed under the CC-BY-SA license --> 4<!-- The content of this document is licensed under the CC-BY-SA license -->
5<!-- See http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/1.0 --> 5<!-- See http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5 -->
6 6
7<!-- $Header: /var/cvsroot/gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en/handbook/hb-install-alpha-medium.xml,v 1.28 2005/03/28 11:30:52 swift Exp $ --> 7<!-- $Header: /var/cvsroot/gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en/handbook/hb-install-alpha-medium.xml,v 1.46 2007/06/30 00:50:26 nightmorph Exp $ -->
8 8
9<sections> 9<sections>
10 10
11<version>2.00</version> 11<version>8.2</version>
12<date>2005-03-28</date> 12<date>2007-06-29</date>
13 13
14<section> 14<section>
15<title>Hardware Requirements</title> 15<title>Hardware Requirements</title>
16<subsection> 16<subsection>
17<title>Introduction</title> 17<title>Introduction</title>
… …
51</table> 51</table>
52 52
53</body> 53</body>
54</subsection> 54</subsection>
55</section> 55</section>
56<!-- Copy/paste from the hb-install-x86-medium.xml file. --> 56
57<!-- START -->
58<section> 57<section>
59<title>The Gentoo Installation Approaches</title>
60<subsection>
61<title>Introduction</title>
62<body>
63
64<p>
65Gentoo Linux can be installed using one of three <e>stage</e> tarball files.
66A stage file is a tarball (compressed archive) that contains a minimal
67environment.
68</p>
69
70<ul>
71 <li>
72 A stage1 file contains nothing more than a compiler, Portage (Gentoo's
73 software management system) and a couple of packages on which the compiler
74 or Portage depends.
75 </li>
76 <li>
77 A stage2 file contains a so-called bootstrapped system, a minimal
78 environment from which one can start building all other necessary
79 applications that make a Gentoo environment complete.
80 </li>
81 <li>
82 A stage3 file contains a prebuilt minimal system which is almost fully
83 deployable. It only lacks a few applications where you, the Gentoo user,
84 needs to choose which one you want to install.
85 </li>
86</ul>
87
88<p>
89To help you decide what stage file you want to use, we have written down the
90major advantages and disadvantages of each stage file.
91</p>
92
93</body>
94</subsection>
95<subsection>
96<title>A Stage1 Approach</title>
97<body>
98
99<p>
100A <e>stage1</e> is used when you want to bootstrap and build the entire system
101from scratch.
102</p>
103
104<p>
105Starting from a stage1 allows you to have total control over the
106optimization settings and optional build-time functionality that is
107initially enabled on your system. This makes <e>stage1</e> installs good for
108power users who know what they are doing. It is also a great
109installation method for those who would like to know more about the
110inner workings of Gentoo Linux.
111</p>
112
113<table>
114<tr>
115 <th>Stage1</th>
116 <th>Pros and Cons</th>
117</tr>
118<tr>
119 <th>+</th>
120 <ti>
121 Allows you to have total control over the optimization settings and optional
122 build-time functionality that is initially enabled on your system
123 </ti>
124</tr>
125<tr>
126 <th>+</th>
127 <ti>Suitable for powerusers that know what they are doing</ti>
128</tr>
129<tr>
130 <th>+</th>
131 <ti>Allows you to learn more about the inner workings of Gentoo</ti>
132</tr>
133<tr>
134 <th>-</th>
135 <ti>Takes a long time to finish the installation</ti>
136</tr>
137<tr>
138 <th>-</th>
139 <ti>
140 If you don't intend to tweak the settings, it is a waste of time
141 </ti>
142</tr>
143</table>
144
145</body>
146</subsection>
147<subsection>
148<title>A Stage2 Approach</title>
149<body>
150
151<p>
152A <e>stage2</e> is used for building the entire system from a bootstrapped
153"semi-compiled" state.
154</p>
155
156<p>
157Stage2 installs allow you to skip the bootstrap process; doing this
158is fine if you are happy with the optimization settings that we chose
159for your particular stage2 tarball.
160</p>
161
162<table>
163<tr>
164 <th>Stage2</th>
165 <th>Pros and Cons</th>
166</tr>
167<tr>
168 <th>+</th>
169 <ti>You don't need to bootstrap</ti>
170</tr>
171<tr>
172 <th>+</th>
173 <ti>Faster than starting with stage1</ti>
174</tr>
175<tr>
176 <th>+</th>
177 <ti>You can still tweak your settings</ti>
178</tr>
179<tr>
180 <th>-</th>
181 <ti>You cannot tweak as much as with a stage1</ti>
182</tr>
183<tr>
184 <th>-</th>
185 <ti>It's still not the fastest way to install Gentoo</ti>
186</tr>
187<tr>
188 <th>-</th>
189 <ti>You have to accept the optimizations we chose for the bootstrap</ti>
190</tr>
191</table>
192
193</body>
194</subsection>
195<subsection>
196<title>A Stage3 Approach</title>
197<body>
198
199<p>
200A <e>stage3</e> installation contains a basic Gentoo Linux system that has been
201built for you. You will only need to build a few packages of which we can't
202decide for you which one to choose.
203</p>
204
205<p>
206Choosing to go with a stage3 allows for the fastest install of Gentoo
207Linux, but also means that your base system will have the optimization
208settings that we chose for you (which to be honest, are good settings
209and were carefully chosen to enhance performance while maintaining
210stability). Stage3 is also required if you want to install Gentoo using
211prebuilt packages or without a network connection.
212</p>
213
214<table>
215<tr>
216 <th>Stage3</th>
217 <th>Pros and Cons</th>
218</tr>
219<tr>
220 <th>+</th>
221 <ti>Fastest way to get a Gentoo base system</ti>
222</tr>
223<tr>
224 <th>-</th>
225 <ti>You cannot tweak the base system - it's built already</ti>
226</tr>
227</table>
228
229<p>
230You might be interested to know that, if you decide to use different
231optimization settings after having installed Gentoo, you will be able to
232recompile your entire system with the new optimization settings.
233</p>
234
235</body>
236</subsection>
237</section>
238<section>
239<title>The Gentoo Installation CDs</title> 58<title>The Gentoo Installation CD</title>
240<subsection> 59<subsection>
241<title>Introduction</title> 60<title>Introduction</title>
242<body> 61<body>
243 62
244<p> 63<p>
… …
246self-sustained Gentoo environment. They allow you to boot Linux from the CD. 65self-sustained Gentoo environment. They allow you to boot Linux from the CD.
247During the boot process your hardware is detected and the appropriate drivers 66During the boot process your hardware is detected and the appropriate drivers
248are loaded. They are maintained by Gentoo developers. 67are loaded. They are maintained by Gentoo developers.
249</p> 68</p>
250 69
70<!--
251<p> 71<p>
252All Installation CDs allow you to boot, set up networking, initialize your 72All Installation CDs allow you to boot, set up networking, initialize your
253partitions and start installing Gentoo from the Internet. We currently provide 73partitions and start installing Gentoo from the Internet. We currently provide
254two Installation CDs which are equaly suitable to install Gentoo from, as long 74two Installation CDs which are equally suitable to install Gentoo from, as long
255as you're planning on performing an Internet-based installation using the 75as you're planning on performing an Internet-based installation using the
256latest version of the available packages. 76latest version of the available packages.
257</p> 77</p>
258 78
259<p> 79<p>
260If you wish to install Gentoo without a working Internet connection, please use 80If you wish to install Gentoo without a working Internet connection, please use
261the installation instructions described in the <uri 81the installation instructions described in the <uri
262link="2005.0/index.xml">Gentoo 2005.0 Handbooks</uri>. 82link="2007.0/index.xml">Gentoo 2007.0 Handbooks</uri>.
263</p> 83</p>
264 84
265<p> 85<p>
266The two Installation CDs we currently provide are: 86The two Installation CDs we currently provide are:
267</p> 87</p>
… …
272 sole purpose is to boot the system, prepare the networking and continue 92 sole purpose is to boot the system, prepare the networking and continue
273 with the Gentoo installation. 93 with the Gentoo installation.
274 </li> 94 </li>
275 <li> 95 <li>
276 The Gentoo Universal Installation CD, a bootable CD with the same abilities 96 The Gentoo Universal Installation CD, a bootable CD with the same abilities
277 as the Minimal Installation CD. Additionally, it contains a stage1 and 97 as the Minimal Installation CD. Additionally, it contains several stage3
278 several stage3 tarballs (optimized for the individual subarchitectures). 98 tarballs (optimized for the individual subarchitectures).
279 </li> 99 </li>
280</ul> 100</ul>
281 101
282<p> 102<p>
283To help you decide which Installation CD you need, we have written down the 103To help you decide which Installation CD you need, we have written down the
284major advantages and disadvantages of each Installation CD. 104major advantages and disadvantages of each Installation CD.
285</p> 105</p>
106-->
286 107
287</body> 108</body>
288</subsection> 109</subsection>
289<subsection> 110<subsection>
290<title>Gentoo's Minimal Installation CD</title> 111<title>Gentoo's Minimal Installation CD</title>
291<body> 112<body>
292 113
293<p> 114<p>
294The Minimal Installation CD is called <c>install-alpha-minimal-2005.0.iso</c> 115The Minimal Installation CD is called <c>install-alpha-minimal-2007.0.iso</c>
295and takes up only 54 MB of diskspace. You can use this Installation CD to 116and takes up only 65 MB of diskspace. You must use this Installation CD to
296install Gentoo, but always with a working Internet connection only. 117install Gentoo, and you need a working Internet connection.
297</p> 118</p>
298 119<!--
299<table> 120<table>
300<tr> 121<tr>
301 <th>Minimal Installation CD</th> 122 <th>Minimal Installation CD</th>
302 <th>Pros and Cons</th> 123 <th>Pros and Cons</th>
303</tr> 124</tr>
304<tr> 125<tr>
305 <th>+</th> 126 <th>+</th>
306 <ti>Smallest download</ti> 127 <ti>Smallest download</ti>
307</tr> 128</tr>
308<tr> 129<tr>
309 <th>+</th>
310 <ti>
311 You can do a stage1, stage2 or stage3 by getting the stage tarball off the
312 net
313 </ti>
314</tr>
315<tr>
316 <th>-</th> 130 <th>-</th>
317 <ti> 131 <ti>
318 Contains no stages, no Portage snapshot, no prebuilt packages and is 132 Contains no stage3 tarball, no Portage snapshot, no prebuilt packages and is
319 therefore not suitable for networkless installation 133 therefore not suitable for networkless installation
320 </ti> 134 </ti>
321</tr> 135</tr>
322</table> 136</table>
323 137
… …
326<subsection> 140<subsection>
327<title>Gentoo's Universal Installation CD</title> 141<title>Gentoo's Universal Installation CD</title>
328<body> 142<body>
329 143
330<p> 144<p>
331The Universal Installation CD is called <c>install-x86-universal-2005.0.iso</c> 145The Universal Installation CD is called <c>install-alpha-universal-2007.0.iso</c>
332and consumes the entire surface of a 650 MB CD. You can use this Installation CD 146and consumes about 316 MB on a CD. You can use this Installation CD to install
333to install Gentoo, and you can even use it to install Gentoo without a working 147Gentoo, and you can even use it to install Gentoo without a working internet
334internet connection, just in case you want to bring Gentoo to another PC than 148connection, just in case you want to bring Gentoo to another PC than the one
335the one you are currently installing Gentoo on :) 149you are currently installing Gentoo on :)
336</p> 150</p>
337 151
338<table> 152<table>
339<tr> 153<tr>
340 <th>Universal Installation CD</th> 154 <th>Universal Installation CD</th>
… …
355</tr> 169</tr>
356</table> 170</table>
357 171
358</body> 172</body>
359</subsection> 173</subsection>
174
360<subsection> 175<subsection>
361<title>Other CDs</title> 176<title>Other CDs</title>
362<body> 177<body>
363 178
364<p> 179<p>
365You might find a so-called Package CD on one of our mirrors. This CD is no 180You might find a Package CD on one of our mirrors. This CD is not an
366Installation CD but an additional resource that can be exploited during a 181Installation CD but an additional resource that can be exploited during a
367networkless installation. It contains prebuilt packages (the so-called GRP set) 182networkless installation. It contains prebuilt packages (also known as the GRP
368that allows you to easily and quickly install additional applications (such as 183set) that allow you to easily and quickly install additional applications
369OpenOffice.org, KDE, GNOME, ...) immediately after the networkless Gentoo 184(such as OpenOffice.org, KDE, GNOME, ...) immediately after the networkless
370installation. 185Gentoo installation.
186</p>
187
188<p>
189If you intend to use the Packages CD to quickly install additional software,
190make sure that you use the same subarchitecture as the stage3 tarball you use.
191</p>
192-->
193</body>
194</subsection>
195<subsection>
196<title>The Stage3 Tarball</title>
197<body>
198
199<p>
200A stage3 tarball is an archive containing a minimal Gentoo environment, suitable
201to continue the Gentoo installation using the instructions in this manual.
202Previously, the Gentoo Handbook described the installation using one of three
203stage tarballs. While Gentoo still offers stage1 and stage2 tarballs, the
204official installation method uses the stage3 tarball. If you are interested in
205performing a Gentoo installation using a stage1 or stage2 tarball, please read
206the Gentoo FAQ on <uri link="/doc/en/faq.xml#stage12">How do I Install Gentoo
207Using a Stage1 or Stage2 Tarball?</uri>
371</p> 208</p>
372 209
373</body> 210</body>
374</subsection> 211</subsection>
375</section> 212</section>
… …
385downloading and burning the chosen Installation CD. We previously discussed 222downloading and burning the chosen Installation CD. We previously discussed
386the several available Installation CDs, but where can you find them? 223the several available Installation CDs, but where can you find them?
387</p> 224</p>
388 225
389<p> 226<p>
390You can download any of the Installation CDs (and, if you want to, a Packages 227You can download any of the Installation CDs (and, if you want to, a Packages CD
391CD as well) from one of our <uri link="/main/en/mirrors.xml">mirrors</uri>. The 228as well) from one of our <uri link="/main/en/mirrors.xml">mirrors</uri>. The
392Installation CDs are located in the <path>releases/alpha/2005.0/installcd</path> 229Installation CDs are located in the <path><keyval
393directory. 230id="release-dir"/>installcd</path> directory.
394</p>
395
396<p> 231</p>
232
233<p>
397Inside that directory you'll find so-called ISO-files. Those are full CD images 234Inside that directory you'll find ISO-files. Those are full CD images which you
398which you can write on a CD-R. 235can write on a CD-R.
399</p> 236</p>
400 237
401<p> 238<p>
402In case you wonder if your downloaded file is corrupted or not, you can 239In case you wonder if your downloaded file is corrupted or not, you can
403check its MD5 checksum and compare it with the MD5 checksum we provide (such as 240check its MD5 checksum and compare it with the MD5 checksum we provide (such as
404<path>install-alpha-minimal-2005.0.iso.md5</path>). You can check the MD5 241<path>install-alpha-minimal-2007.0.iso.DIGESTS</path>). You can check the MD5
405checksum with the <c>md5sum</c> tool under Linux/Unix or <uri 242checksum with the <c>md5sum</c> tool under Linux/Unix or <uri
406link="http://www.etree.org/md5com.html">md5sum</uri> for Windows. 243link="http://www.etree.org/md5com.html">md5sum</uri> for Windows.
407</p> 244</p>
408 245
409<p> 246<p>
… …
411verify the cryptographic signature that we provide (the file ending with 248verify the cryptographic signature that we provide (the file ending with
412<path>.asc</path>). Download the signature file and obtain the public key: 249<path>.asc</path>). Download the signature file and obtain the public key:
413</p> 250</p>
414 251
415<pre caption="Obtaining the public key"> 252<pre caption="Obtaining the public key">
416$ <i>gpg --keyserver pgp.mit.edu --recv-keys 17072058</i> 253$ <i>gpg --keyserver subkeys.pgp.net --recv-keys 17072058</i>
417</pre> 254</pre>
418 255
419<p> 256<p>
420Now verify the signature: 257Now verify the signature:
421</p> 258</p>
… …
436 With cdrecord, you simply type <c>cdrecord dev=/dev/hdc &lt;downloaded iso 273 With cdrecord, you simply type <c>cdrecord dev=/dev/hdc &lt;downloaded iso
437 file&gt;</c> (replace <path>/dev/hdc</path> with your CD-RW drive's 274 file&gt;</c> (replace <path>/dev/hdc</path> with your CD-RW drive's
438 device path). 275 device path).
439 </li> 276 </li>
440 <li> 277 <li>
441 With K3B, select <c>Tools</c> &gt; <c>CD</c> &gt; <c>Burn Image</c>. Then 278 With K3B, select <c>Tools</c> &gt; <c>Burn CD Image</c>. Then you can locate
442 you can locate your ISO file within the 'Image to Burn' area. Finally click 279 your ISO file within the 'Image to Burn' area. Finally click <c>Start</c>.
443 <c>Start</c>.
444 </li> 280 </li>
445</ul> 281</ul>
446 282
447</body> 283</body>
448</subsection> 284</subsection>
… …
465<uri link="http://www.alphalinux.org/faq/SRM-HOWTO/">detailed guide</uri> on 301<uri link="http://www.alphalinux.org/faq/SRM-HOWTO/">detailed guide</uri> on
466using SRM over at the Alpha Linux website. 302using SRM over at the Alpha Linux website.
467</p> 303</p>
468 304
469<p> 305<p>
470If your Alpha system supports both SRC and ARCs (ARC, AlphaBIOS, ARCSBIOS) you 306If your Alpha system supports both SRM and ARCs (ARC, AlphaBIOS, ARCSBIOS) you
471should follow <uri link="http://www.alphalinux.org/faq/x31.html">these 307should follow <uri link="http://www.alphalinux.org/faq/x31.html">these
472instructions</uri> for switching to SRM. If your system already uses SRM, you 308instructions</uri> for switching to SRM. If your system already uses SRM, you
473are all set. If your system can only use ARCs (Ruffian, nautilus, xl, etc.) you 309are all set. If your system can only use ARCs (Ruffian, nautilus, xl, etc.) you
474will need to choose <c>MILO</c> later on when we are talking about bootloaders. 310will need to choose <c>MILO</c> later on when we are talking about bootloaders.
475</p> 311</p>
… …
487&gt;&gt;&gt; <i>show device</i> 323&gt;&gt;&gt; <i>show device</i>
488dkb0.0.1.4.0 DKB0 TOSHIBA CDROM 324dkb0.0.1.4.0 DKB0 TOSHIBA CDROM
489<comment>(...)</comment> 325<comment>(...)</comment>
490<comment>(Substitute dkb0 with your CD-ROM drive device)</comment> 326<comment>(Substitute dkb0 with your CD-ROM drive device)</comment>
491&gt;&gt;&gt; <i>boot dkb0 -flags 0</i> 327&gt;&gt;&gt; <i>boot dkb0 -flags 0</i>
328<comment>(If you need serial console support)</comment>
329&gt;&gt;&gt; <i>boot dkb0 -flags 2</i>
492</pre> 330</pre>
493 331
494<pre caption="Booting a CD-ROM using MILO"> 332<pre caption="Booting a CD-ROM using MILO">
495<comment>(Substitute hdb with your CD-ROM drive device)</comment> 333<comment>(Substitute hdb with your CD-ROM drive device)</comment>
496MILO&gt; <i>boot hdb:/boot/gentoo initrd=/boot/gentoo.igz root=/dev/ram0 init=/linuxrc looptype=zisofs loop=/zisofs cdroot</i> 334MILO&gt; <i>boot hdb:/boot/gentoo_2.6 initrd=/boot/gentoo_2_6.igz root=/dev/ram0 init=/linuxrc looptype=zisofs loop=/zisofs cdroot</i>
335<comment>(If you need serial console support)</comment>
336MILO&gt; <i>boot hdb:/boot/gentoo_2.6 initrd=/boot/gentoo_2_6.igz root=/dev/ram0 init=/linuxrc looptype=zisofs loop=/zisofs console=ttyS0 cdroot</i>
497</pre> 337</pre>
498 338
499<p> 339<p>
500You should have a root ("#") prompt on the current console and can also switch 340You should have a root ("#") prompt on the current console and can also switch
501to other consoles by pressing Alt-F2, Alt-F3 and Alt-F4. Get back to the one you 341to other consoles by pressing Alt-F2, Alt-F3 and Alt-F4. Get back to the one you
… …
552yourself) which use <path>/dev/hda</path> as disk (substitute with your 392yourself) which use <path>/dev/hda</path> as disk (substitute with your
553disk): 393disk):
554</p> 394</p>
555 395
556<pre caption="Tweaking hard disk performance"> 396<pre caption="Tweaking hard disk performance">
557<comment>Activate DMA:</comment> # <i>hdparm -d 1 /dev/hda</i> 397<comment>Activate DMA:</comment>
558<comment>Activate DMA + Safe Performance-enhancing Options:</comment> # <i>hdparm -d 1 -A 1 -m 16 -u 1 -a 64 /dev/hda</i> 398# <i>hdparm -d 1 /dev/hda</i>
399<comment>Activate DMA + Safe Performance-enhancing Options:</comment>
400# <i>hdparm -d 1 -A 1 -m 16 -u 1 -a 64 /dev/hda</i>
559</pre> 401</pre>
560 402
561</body> 403</body>
562</subsection> 404</subsection>
563<subsection id="useraccounts"> 405<subsection id="useraccounts">
… …
632chapter (otherwise you won't be able to go on the Internet to view the 474chapter (otherwise you won't be able to go on the Internet to view the
633document): 475document):
634</p> 476</p>
635 477
636<pre caption="Viewing the Online Documentation"> 478<pre caption="Viewing the Online Documentation">
637# <i>lynx http://www.gentoo.org/doc/en/handbook/handbook-alpha.xml</i> 479# <i>lynx http://www.gentoo.org/doc/en/handbook/<keyval id="online-book"/></i>
638</pre> 480</pre>
639 481
640<p> 482<p>
641You can go back to your original terminal by pressing <c>Alt-F1</c>. 483You can go back to your original terminal by pressing <c>Alt-F1</c>.
642</p> 484</p>
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