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1<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?> 1<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?>
2<!DOCTYPE sections SYSTEM "/dtd/book.dtd"> 2<!DOCTYPE sections SYSTEM "/dtd/book.dtd">
3 3
4<!-- The content of this document is licensed under the CC-BY-SA license --> 4<!-- The content of this document is licensed under the CC-BY-SA license -->
5<!-- See http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/1.0 --> 5<!-- See http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5 -->
6 6
7<!-- $Header: /var/cvsroot/gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en/handbook/hb-install-alpha-medium.xml,v 1.33 2005/08/01 12:14:49 swift Exp $ --> 7<!-- $Header: /var/cvsroot/gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en/handbook/hb-install-alpha-medium.xml,v 1.46 2007/06/30 00:50:26 nightmorph Exp $ -->
8 8
9<sections> 9<sections>
10 10
11<version>2.5</version> 11<version>8.2</version>
12<date>2005-08-01</date> 12<date>2007-06-29</date>
13 13
14<section> 14<section>
15<title>Hardware Requirements</title> 15<title>Hardware Requirements</title>
16<subsection> 16<subsection>
17<title>Introduction</title> 17<title>Introduction</title>
… …
51</table> 51</table>
52 52
53</body> 53</body>
54</subsection> 54</subsection>
55</section> 55</section>
56<!-- Copy/paste from the hb-install-x86-medium.xml file. --> 56
57<!-- START -->
58<section> 57<section>
59<title>The Gentoo Installation Approaches</title>
60<subsection>
61<title>Introduction</title>
62<body>
63
64<p>
65Gentoo Linux can be installed using one of three <e>stage</e> tarball files.
66A stage file is a tarball (compressed archive) that contains a minimal
67environment.
68</p>
69
70<ul>
71 <li>
72 A stage1 file contains nothing more than a compiler, Portage (Gentoo's
73 software management system) and a couple of packages on which the compiler
74 or Portage depends.
75 </li>
76 <li>
77 A stage2 file contains a so-called bootstrapped system, a minimal
78 environment from which one can start building all other necessary
79 applications that make a Gentoo environment complete.
80 </li>
81 <li>
82 A stage3 file contains a prebuilt minimal system which is almost fully
83 deployable. It only lacks a few applications where you, the Gentoo user,
84 needs to choose which one you want to install.
85 </li>
86</ul>
87
88<p>
89To help you decide what stage file you want to use, we have written down the
90major advantages and disadvantages of each stage file.
91</p>
92
93</body>
94</subsection>
95<subsection>
96<title>A Stage1 Approach</title>
97<body>
98
99<p>
100A <e>stage1</e> is used when you want to bootstrap and build the entire system
101from scratch.
102</p>
103
104<p>
105Starting from a stage1 allows you to have total control over the
106optimization settings and optional build-time functionality that is
107initially enabled on your system. This makes <e>stage1</e> installs good for
108power users who know what they are doing. It is also a great
109installation method for those who would like to know more about the
110inner workings of Gentoo Linux.
111</p>
112
113<table>
114<tr>
115 <th>Stage1</th>
116 <th>Pros and Cons</th>
117</tr>
118<tr>
119 <th>+</th>
120 <ti>
121 Allows you to have total control over the optimization settings and optional
122 build-time functionality that is initially enabled on your system
123 </ti>
124</tr>
125<tr>
126 <th>+</th>
127 <ti>Suitable for powerusers that know what they are doing</ti>
128</tr>
129<tr>
130 <th>+</th>
131 <ti>Allows you to learn more about the inner workings of Gentoo</ti>
132</tr>
133<tr>
134 <th>-</th>
135 <ti>Takes a long time to finish the installation</ti>
136</tr>
137<tr>
138 <th>-</th>
139 <ti>
140 If you don't intend to tweak the settings, it is a waste of time
141 </ti>
142</tr>
143<tr>
144 <th>-</th>
145 <ti>
146 Requires a working Internet connection during the installation
147 </ti>
148</tr>
149</table>
150
151</body>
152</subsection>
153<subsection>
154<title>A Stage2 Approach</title>
155<body>
156
157<p>
158A <e>stage2</e> is used for building the entire system from a bootstrapped
159"semi-compiled" state.
160</p>
161
162<p>
163Stage2 installs allow you to skip the bootstrap process; doing this
164is fine if you are happy with the optimization settings that we chose
165for your particular stage2 tarball.
166</p>
167
168<table>
169<tr>
170 <th>Stage2</th>
171 <th>Pros and Cons</th>
172</tr>
173<tr>
174 <th>+</th>
175 <ti>You don't need to bootstrap</ti>
176</tr>
177<tr>
178 <th>+</th>
179 <ti>Faster than starting with stage1</ti>
180</tr>
181<tr>
182 <th>+</th>
183 <ti>You can still tweak your settings</ti>
184</tr>
185<tr>
186 <th>-</th>
187 <ti>You cannot tweak as much as with a stage1</ti>
188</tr>
189<tr>
190 <th>-</th>
191 <ti>It's still not the fastest way to install Gentoo</ti>
192</tr>
193<tr>
194 <th>-</th>
195 <ti>You have to accept the optimizations we chose for the bootstrap</ti>
196</tr>
197<tr>
198 <th>-</th>
199 <ti>
200 Requires a working Internet connection during the installation
201 </ti>
202</tr>
203</table>
204
205</body>
206</subsection>
207<subsection>
208<title>A Stage3 Approach</title>
209<body>
210
211<p>
212A <e>stage3</e> installation contains a basic Gentoo Linux system that has been
213built for you. You will only need to build a few packages of which we can't
214decide for you which one to choose.
215</p>
216
217<p>
218Choosing to go with a stage3 allows for the fastest install of Gentoo
219Linux, but also means that your base system will have the optimization
220settings that we chose for you (which to be honest, are good settings
221and were carefully chosen to enhance performance while maintaining
222stability). Stage3 is also required if you want to install Gentoo using
223prebuilt packages or without a network connection.
224</p>
225
226<table>
227<tr>
228 <th>Stage3</th>
229 <th>Pros and Cons</th>
230</tr>
231<tr>
232 <th>+</th>
233 <ti>Fastest way to get a Gentoo base system</ti>
234</tr>
235<tr>
236 <th>-</th>
237 <ti>You cannot tweak the base system - it's built already</ti>
238</tr>
239</table>
240
241<p>
242You might be interested to know that, if you decide to use different
243optimization settings after having installed Gentoo, you will be able to
244recompile your entire system with the new optimization settings.
245</p>
246
247</body>
248</subsection>
249</section>
250<section>
251<title>The Gentoo Installation CDs</title> 58<title>The Gentoo Installation CD</title>
252<subsection> 59<subsection>
253<title>Introduction</title> 60<title>Introduction</title>
254<body> 61<body>
255 62
256<p> 63<p>
… …
258self-sustained Gentoo environment. They allow you to boot Linux from the CD. 65self-sustained Gentoo environment. They allow you to boot Linux from the CD.
259During the boot process your hardware is detected and the appropriate drivers 66During the boot process your hardware is detected and the appropriate drivers
260are loaded. They are maintained by Gentoo developers. 67are loaded. They are maintained by Gentoo developers.
261</p> 68</p>
262 69
70<!--
263<p> 71<p>
264All Installation CDs allow you to boot, set up networking, initialize your 72All Installation CDs allow you to boot, set up networking, initialize your
265partitions and start installing Gentoo from the Internet. We currently provide 73partitions and start installing Gentoo from the Internet. We currently provide
266two Installation CDs which are equaly suitable to install Gentoo from, as long 74two Installation CDs which are equally suitable to install Gentoo from, as long
267as you're planning on performing an Internet-based installation using the 75as you're planning on performing an Internet-based installation using the
268latest version of the available packages. 76latest version of the available packages.
269</p> 77</p>
270 78
271<p> 79<p>
272If you wish to install Gentoo without a working Internet connection, please use 80If you wish to install Gentoo without a working Internet connection, please use
273the installation instructions described in the <uri 81the installation instructions described in the <uri
274link="2005.0/index.xml">Gentoo 2005.0 Handbooks</uri>. 82link="2007.0/index.xml">Gentoo 2007.0 Handbooks</uri>.
275</p> 83</p>
276 84
277<p> 85<p>
278The two Installation CDs we currently provide are: 86The two Installation CDs we currently provide are:
279</p> 87</p>
… …
284 sole purpose is to boot the system, prepare the networking and continue 92 sole purpose is to boot the system, prepare the networking and continue
285 with the Gentoo installation. 93 with the Gentoo installation.
286 </li> 94 </li>
287 <li> 95 <li>
288 The Gentoo Universal Installation CD, a bootable CD with the same abilities 96 The Gentoo Universal Installation CD, a bootable CD with the same abilities
289 as the Minimal Installation CD. Additionally, it contains a stage1 and 97 as the Minimal Installation CD. Additionally, it contains several stage3
290 several stage3 tarballs (optimized for the individual subarchitectures). 98 tarballs (optimized for the individual subarchitectures).
291 </li> 99 </li>
292</ul> 100</ul>
293 101
294<p> 102<p>
295To help you decide which Installation CD you need, we have written down the 103To help you decide which Installation CD you need, we have written down the
296major advantages and disadvantages of each Installation CD. 104major advantages and disadvantages of each Installation CD.
297</p> 105</p>
106-->
298 107
299</body> 108</body>
300</subsection> 109</subsection>
301<subsection> 110<subsection>
302<title>Gentoo's Minimal Installation CD</title> 111<title>Gentoo's Minimal Installation CD</title>
303<body> 112<body>
304 113
305<p> 114<p>
306The Minimal Installation CD is called <c>install-alpha-minimal-2005.0.iso</c> 115The Minimal Installation CD is called <c>install-alpha-minimal-2007.0.iso</c>
307and takes up only 54 MB of diskspace. You can use this Installation CD to 116and takes up only 65 MB of diskspace. You must use this Installation CD to
308install Gentoo, but always with a working Internet connection only. 117install Gentoo, and you need a working Internet connection.
309</p> 118</p>
310 119<!--
311<table> 120<table>
312<tr> 121<tr>
313 <th>Minimal Installation CD</th> 122 <th>Minimal Installation CD</th>
314 <th>Pros and Cons</th> 123 <th>Pros and Cons</th>
315</tr> 124</tr>
316<tr> 125<tr>
317 <th>+</th> 126 <th>+</th>
318 <ti>Smallest download</ti> 127 <ti>Smallest download</ti>
319</tr> 128</tr>
320<tr> 129<tr>
321 <th>+</th>
322 <ti>
323 You can do a stage1, stage2 or stage3 by getting the stage tarball off the
324 net
325 </ti>
326</tr>
327<tr>
328 <th>-</th> 130 <th>-</th>
329 <ti> 131 <ti>
330 Contains no stages, no Portage snapshot, no prebuilt packages and is 132 Contains no stage3 tarball, no Portage snapshot, no prebuilt packages and is
331 therefore not suitable for networkless installation 133 therefore not suitable for networkless installation
332 </ti> 134 </ti>
333</tr> 135</tr>
334</table> 136</table>
335 137
… …
338<subsection> 140<subsection>
339<title>Gentoo's Universal Installation CD</title> 141<title>Gentoo's Universal Installation CD</title>
340<body> 142<body>
341 143
342<p> 144<p>
343The Universal Installation CD is called <c>install-alpha-universal-2005.0.iso</c> 145The Universal Installation CD is called <c>install-alpha-universal-2007.0.iso</c>
344and consumes the entire surface of a 650 MB CD. You can use this Installation CD 146and consumes about 316 MB on a CD. You can use this Installation CD to install
345to install Gentoo, and you can even use it to install Gentoo without a working 147Gentoo, and you can even use it to install Gentoo without a working internet
346internet connection, just in case you want to bring Gentoo to another PC than 148connection, just in case you want to bring Gentoo to another PC than the one
347the one you are currently installing Gentoo on :) 149you are currently installing Gentoo on :)
348</p> 150</p>
349 151
350<table> 152<table>
351<tr> 153<tr>
352 <th>Universal Installation CD</th> 154 <th>Universal Installation CD</th>
… …
367</tr> 169</tr>
368</table> 170</table>
369 171
370</body> 172</body>
371</subsection> 173</subsection>
174
372<subsection> 175<subsection>
373<title>Other CDs</title> 176<title>Other CDs</title>
374<body> 177<body>
375 178
376<p> 179<p>
377You might find a so-called Package CD on one of our mirrors. This CD is no 180You might find a Package CD on one of our mirrors. This CD is not an
378Installation CD but an additional resource that can be exploited during a 181Installation CD but an additional resource that can be exploited during a
379networkless installation. It contains prebuilt packages (the so-called GRP set) 182networkless installation. It contains prebuilt packages (also known as the GRP
380that allows you to easily and quickly install additional applications (such as 183set) that allow you to easily and quickly install additional applications
381OpenOffice.org, KDE, GNOME, ...) immediately after the networkless Gentoo 184(such as OpenOffice.org, KDE, GNOME, ...) immediately after the networkless
382installation. 185Gentoo installation.
186</p>
187
188<p>
189If you intend to use the Packages CD to quickly install additional software,
190make sure that you use the same subarchitecture as the stage3 tarball you use.
191</p>
192-->
193</body>
194</subsection>
195<subsection>
196<title>The Stage3 Tarball</title>
197<body>
198
199<p>
200A stage3 tarball is an archive containing a minimal Gentoo environment, suitable
201to continue the Gentoo installation using the instructions in this manual.
202Previously, the Gentoo Handbook described the installation using one of three
203stage tarballs. While Gentoo still offers stage1 and stage2 tarballs, the
204official installation method uses the stage3 tarball. If you are interested in
205performing a Gentoo installation using a stage1 or stage2 tarball, please read
206the Gentoo FAQ on <uri link="/doc/en/faq.xml#stage12">How do I Install Gentoo
207Using a Stage1 or Stage2 Tarball?</uri>
383</p> 208</p>
384 209
385</body> 210</body>
386</subsection> 211</subsection>
387</section> 212</section>
… …
397downloading and burning the chosen Installation CD. We previously discussed 222downloading and burning the chosen Installation CD. We previously discussed
398the several available Installation CDs, but where can you find them? 223the several available Installation CDs, but where can you find them?
399</p> 224</p>
400 225
401<p> 226<p>
402You can download any of the Installation CDs (and, if you want to, a Packages 227You can download any of the Installation CDs (and, if you want to, a Packages CD
403CD as well) from one of our <uri link="/main/en/mirrors.xml">mirrors</uri>. The 228as well) from one of our <uri link="/main/en/mirrors.xml">mirrors</uri>. The
404Installation CDs are located in the <path>releases/alpha/2005.0/installcd</path> 229Installation CDs are located in the <path><keyval
405directory. 230id="release-dir"/>installcd</path> directory.
406</p>
407
408<p> 231</p>
232
233<p>
409Inside that directory you'll find so-called ISO-files. Those are full CD images 234Inside that directory you'll find ISO-files. Those are full CD images which you
410which you can write on a CD-R. 235can write on a CD-R.
411</p> 236</p>
412 237
413<p> 238<p>
414In case you wonder if your downloaded file is corrupted or not, you can 239In case you wonder if your downloaded file is corrupted or not, you can
415check its MD5 checksum and compare it with the MD5 checksum we provide (such as 240check its MD5 checksum and compare it with the MD5 checksum we provide (such as
416<path>install-alpha-minimal-2005.0.iso.md5</path>). You can check the MD5 241<path>install-alpha-minimal-2007.0.iso.DIGESTS</path>). You can check the MD5
417checksum with the <c>md5sum</c> tool under Linux/Unix or <uri 242checksum with the <c>md5sum</c> tool under Linux/Unix or <uri
418link="http://www.etree.org/md5com.html">md5sum</uri> for Windows. 243link="http://www.etree.org/md5com.html">md5sum</uri> for Windows.
419</p> 244</p>
420 245
421<p> 246<p>
… …
423verify the cryptographic signature that we provide (the file ending with 248verify the cryptographic signature that we provide (the file ending with
424<path>.asc</path>). Download the signature file and obtain the public key: 249<path>.asc</path>). Download the signature file and obtain the public key:
425</p> 250</p>
426 251
427<pre caption="Obtaining the public key"> 252<pre caption="Obtaining the public key">
428$ <i>gpg --keyserver pgp.mit.edu --recv-keys 17072058</i> 253$ <i>gpg --keyserver subkeys.pgp.net --recv-keys 17072058</i>
429</pre> 254</pre>
430 255
431<p> 256<p>
432Now verify the signature: 257Now verify the signature:
433</p> 258</p>
… …
448 With cdrecord, you simply type <c>cdrecord dev=/dev/hdc &lt;downloaded iso 273 With cdrecord, you simply type <c>cdrecord dev=/dev/hdc &lt;downloaded iso
449 file&gt;</c> (replace <path>/dev/hdc</path> with your CD-RW drive's 274 file&gt;</c> (replace <path>/dev/hdc</path> with your CD-RW drive's
450 device path). 275 device path).
451 </li> 276 </li>
452 <li> 277 <li>
453 With K3B, select <c>Tools</c> &gt; <c>CD</c> &gt; <c>Burn Image</c>. Then 278 With K3B, select <c>Tools</c> &gt; <c>Burn CD Image</c>. Then you can locate
454 you can locate your ISO file within the 'Image to Burn' area. Finally click 279 your ISO file within the 'Image to Burn' area. Finally click <c>Start</c>.
455 <c>Start</c>.
456 </li> 280 </li>
457</ul> 281</ul>
458 282
459</body> 283</body>
460</subsection> 284</subsection>
… …
499&gt;&gt;&gt; <i>show device</i> 323&gt;&gt;&gt; <i>show device</i>
500dkb0.0.1.4.0 DKB0 TOSHIBA CDROM 324dkb0.0.1.4.0 DKB0 TOSHIBA CDROM
501<comment>(...)</comment> 325<comment>(...)</comment>
502<comment>(Substitute dkb0 with your CD-ROM drive device)</comment> 326<comment>(Substitute dkb0 with your CD-ROM drive device)</comment>
503&gt;&gt;&gt; <i>boot dkb0 -flags 0</i> 327&gt;&gt;&gt; <i>boot dkb0 -flags 0</i>
504<comment>To boot the 2.4 kernel instead of the default 2.6 kernel use:</comment> 328<comment>(If you need serial console support)</comment>
505&gt;&gt;&gt; <i>boot dkb -flags 1</i> 329&gt;&gt;&gt; <i>boot dkb0 -flags 2</i>
506</pre> 330</pre>
507 331
508<pre caption="Booting a CD-ROM using MILO"> 332<pre caption="Booting a CD-ROM using MILO">
509<comment>(Substitute hdb with your CD-ROM drive device)</comment> 333<comment>(Substitute hdb with your CD-ROM drive device)</comment>
510MILO&gt; <i>boot hdb:/boot/gentoo_2.6 initrd=/boot/gentoo_2_6.igz root=/dev/ram0 init=/linuxrc looptype=zisofs loop=/zisofs cdroot</i> 334MILO&gt; <i>boot hdb:/boot/gentoo_2.6 initrd=/boot/gentoo_2_6.igz root=/dev/ram0 init=/linuxrc looptype=zisofs loop=/zisofs cdroot</i>
511<comment>To boot the 2.4 kernel instead of the default 2.6 kernel use:</comment> 335<comment>(If you need serial console support)</comment>
512MILO&gt; <i>boot hdb:/boot/gentoo_2.4 initrd=/boot/gentoo_2_4.igz root=/dev/ram0 init=/linuxrc looptype=zisofs loop=/zisofs cdroot</i> 336MILO&gt; <i>boot hdb:/boot/gentoo_2.6 initrd=/boot/gentoo_2_6.igz root=/dev/ram0 init=/linuxrc looptype=zisofs loop=/zisofs console=ttyS0 cdroot</i>
513</pre> 337</pre>
514 338
515<p> 339<p>
516You should have a root ("#") prompt on the current console and can also switch 340You should have a root ("#") prompt on the current console and can also switch
517to other consoles by pressing Alt-F2, Alt-F3 and Alt-F4. Get back to the one you 341to other consoles by pressing Alt-F2, Alt-F3 and Alt-F4. Get back to the one you
… …
568yourself) which use <path>/dev/hda</path> as disk (substitute with your 392yourself) which use <path>/dev/hda</path> as disk (substitute with your
569disk): 393disk):
570</p> 394</p>
571 395
572<pre caption="Tweaking hard disk performance"> 396<pre caption="Tweaking hard disk performance">
573<comment>Activate DMA:</comment> # <i>hdparm -d 1 /dev/hda</i> 397<comment>Activate DMA:</comment>
574<comment>Activate DMA + Safe Performance-enhancing Options:</comment> # <i>hdparm -d 1 -A 1 -m 16 -u 1 -a 64 /dev/hda</i> 398# <i>hdparm -d 1 /dev/hda</i>
399<comment>Activate DMA + Safe Performance-enhancing Options:</comment>
400# <i>hdparm -d 1 -A 1 -m 16 -u 1 -a 64 /dev/hda</i>
575</pre> 401</pre>
576 402
577</body> 403</body>
578</subsection> 404</subsection>
579<subsection id="useraccounts"> 405<subsection id="useraccounts">
… …
636If you want to view the documentation on the CD you can immediately run 462If you want to view the documentation on the CD you can immediately run
637<c>lynx</c> to read it: 463<c>lynx</c> to read it:
638</p> 464</p>
639 465
640<pre caption="Viewing the on-CD documentation"> 466<pre caption="Viewing the on-CD documentation">
641# <i>lynx /mnt/cdrom/docs/handbook/html/index.html</i> 467# <i>lynx /mnt/cdrom/docs/html/index.html</i>
642</pre> 468</pre>
643 469
644<p> 470<p>
645However, it is preferred that you use the online Gentoo Handbook as it will be 471However, it is preferred that you use the online Gentoo Handbook as it will be
646more recent than the one provided on the CD. You can view it using <c>lynx</c> 472more recent than the one provided on the CD. You can view it using <c>lynx</c>
… …
648chapter (otherwise you won't be able to go on the Internet to view the 474chapter (otherwise you won't be able to go on the Internet to view the
649document): 475document):
650</p> 476</p>
651 477
652<pre caption="Viewing the Online Documentation"> 478<pre caption="Viewing the Online Documentation">
653# <i>lynx http://www.gentoo.org/doc/en/handbook/handbook-alpha.xml</i> 479# <i>lynx http://www.gentoo.org/doc/en/handbook/<keyval id="online-book"/></i>
654</pre> 480</pre>
655 481
656<p> 482<p>
657You can go back to your original terminal by pressing <c>Alt-F1</c>. 483You can go back to your original terminal by pressing <c>Alt-F1</c>.
658</p> 484</p>
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