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| 4 | <!-- The content of this document is licensed under the CC-BY-SA license --> |
4 | <!-- The content of this document is licensed under the CC-BY-SA license --> |
| 5 | <!-- See http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/1.0 --> |
5 | <!-- See http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5 --> |
| 6 | |
6 | |
| 7 | <!-- $Header: /var/cvsroot/gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en/handbook/hb-install-alpha-medium.xml,v 1.3 2004/04/15 07:06:36 swift Exp $ --> |
7 | <!-- $Header: /var/cvsroot/gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en/handbook/hb-install-alpha-medium.xml,v 1.48 2008/05/02 08:04:23 nightmorph Exp $ --> |
| 8 | |
8 | |
| 9 | <sections> |
9 | <sections> |
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10 | |
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11 | <version>9.1</version> |
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12 | <date>2008-05-02</date> |
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13 | |
| 10 | <section> |
14 | <section> |
| 11 | <title>Hardware Requirements</title> |
15 | <title>Hardware Requirements</title> |
| 12 | <subsection> |
16 | <subsection> |
| 13 | <title>Introduction</title> |
17 | <title>Introduction</title> |
| 14 | <body> |
18 | <body> |
| 15 | |
19 | |
| 16 | <p> |
20 | <p> |
| 17 | Before we start, we first list what hardware requirements you need to |
21 | Before we start, we first list what hardware requirements you need to |
| 18 | successfully install Gentoo on your box. This of course depends on your |
22 | successfully install Gentoo on your box. |
| 19 | architecture. |
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| 20 | </p> |
23 | </p> |
| 21 | |
24 | |
| 22 | </body> |
25 | </body> |
| 23 | </subsection> |
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| 24 | <subsection> |
26 | </subsection> |
| 25 | <title>The Alpha Architecture</title> |
27 | <subsection> |
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28 | <title>Hardware Requirements</title> |
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29 | <body> |
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30 | |
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31 | <table> |
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32 | <tr> |
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33 | <th>CPU</th> |
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34 | <ti> |
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35 | Please check with the <uri |
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36 | link="http://www.alphalinux.org/faq/FAQ-5.html">Alpha/Linux FAQ</uri> |
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37 | </ti> |
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38 | </tr> |
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39 | <tr> |
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40 | <th>Memory</th> |
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41 | <ti>64 MB</ti> |
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42 | </tr> |
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43 | <tr> |
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44 | <th>Diskspace</th> |
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45 | <ti>1.5 GB (excluding swap space)</ti> |
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46 | </tr> |
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47 | <tr> |
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48 | <th>Swap space</th> |
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49 | <ti>At least 256 MB</ti> |
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50 | </tr> |
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51 | </table> |
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52 | |
| 26 | <body> |
53 | </body> |
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54 | </subsection> |
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55 | </section> |
| 27 | |
56 | |
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57 | <section> |
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58 | <title>The Gentoo Installation CD</title> |
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59 | <subsection> |
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60 | <title>Introduction</title> |
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61 | <body> |
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62 | |
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63 | <p> |
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64 | The <e>Gentoo Installation CDs</e> are bootable CDs which contain a |
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65 | self-sustained Gentoo environment. They allow you to boot Linux from the CD. |
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66 | During the boot process your hardware is detected and the appropriate drivers |
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67 | are loaded. They are maintained by Gentoo developers. |
| 28 | <p> |
68 | </p> |
| 29 | Check the following requirements before you |
69 | |
| 30 | continue with the Gentoo installation: |
70 | <!-- |
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71 | <p> |
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72 | All Installation CDs allow you to boot, set up networking, initialize your |
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73 | partitions and start installing Gentoo from the Internet. We currently provide |
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74 | two Installation CDs which are equally suitable to install Gentoo from, as long |
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75 | as you're planning on performing an Internet-based installation using the |
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76 | latest version of the available packages. |
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77 | </p> |
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78 | |
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79 | <p> |
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80 | If you wish to install Gentoo without a working Internet connection, please use |
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81 | the installation instructions described in the <uri |
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82 | link="2008.0/index.xml">Gentoo 2008.0 Handbooks</uri>. |
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83 | </p> |
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84 | |
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85 | <p> |
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86 | The two Installation CDs we currently provide are: |
| 31 | </p> |
87 | </p> |
| 32 | |
88 | |
| 33 | <ul> |
89 | <ul> |
| 34 | <li> |
90 | <li> |
| 35 | You need at least 1 Gb of free disk space |
91 | The Gentoo Minimal Installation CD, a small, no-nonsense, bootable CD which |
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92 | sole purpose is to boot the system, prepare the networking and continue |
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93 | with the Gentoo installation. |
| 36 | </li> |
94 | </li> |
| 37 | <li> |
95 | <li> |
| 38 | For the <e>Alpha architecture</e>, you should check with the <uri |
96 | The Gentoo Universal Installation CD, a bootable CD with the same abilities |
| 39 | link="http://www.alphalinux.org/faq/FAQ-5.html">Alpha/Linux FAQ</uri> |
97 | as the Minimal Installation CD. Additionally, it contains several stage3 |
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98 | tarballs (optimized for the individual subarchitectures). |
| 40 | </li> |
99 | </li> |
| 41 | </ul> |
100 | </ul> |
| 42 | |
101 | |
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102 | <p> |
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103 | To help you decide which Installation CD you need, we have written down the |
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104 | major advantages and disadvantages of each Installation CD. |
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105 | </p> |
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106 | --> |
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107 | |
| 43 | </body> |
108 | </body> |
| 44 | </subsection> |
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| 45 | </section> |
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| 46 | <section> |
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| 47 | <title>Make your Choice</title> |
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| 48 | <subsection> |
109 | </subsection> |
| 49 | <title>Introduction</title> |
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| 50 | <body> |
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| 51 | |
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| 52 | <p> |
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| 53 | Still interested in trying out Gentoo? Well, then it is now time to |
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| 54 | choose the installation medium you want to use. Yes, you have the |
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| 55 | choice, no, they are not all equal, and yes, the result is always the same: a |
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| 56 | Gentoo base system. |
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| 57 | </p> |
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| 58 | |
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| 59 | <p> |
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| 60 | The installation media we will describe are: |
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| 61 | </p> |
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| 62 | |
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| 63 | <ul> |
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| 64 | <li>The Gentoo Alpha LiveCD</li> |
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| 65 | </ul> |
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| 66 | |
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| 67 | <p> |
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| 68 | Before we continue, let's explain our three-stage installation. |
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| 69 | </p> |
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| 70 | |
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| 71 | </body> |
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| 72 | </subsection> |
110 | <subsection> |
| 73 | <subsection> |
111 | <title>Gentoo's Minimal Installation CD</title> |
| 74 | <title>The Three Stages</title> |
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| 75 | <body> |
112 | <body> |
| 76 | |
113 | |
| 77 | <p> |
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| 78 | Gentoo Linux can be installed using one of three <e>stage</e> tarball files. |
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| 79 | The one you choose depends on how much of the system you want to compile |
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| 80 | yourself. The <e>stage1</e> tarball is used when you want to bootstrap and |
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| 81 | build the entire system from scratch. The <e>stage2</e> tarball is used for |
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| 82 | building the entire system from a bootstrapped "semi-compiled" state. |
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| 83 | The <e>stage3</e> tarball already contains a basic Gentoo Linux system that has |
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| 84 | been built for you. |
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| 85 | </p> |
114 | <p> |
| 86 | |
115 | The Minimal Installation CD is called <c><keyval id="min-cd-name"/></c> and |
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116 | takes up only 47 MB of diskspace. You must use this Installation CD to install |
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117 | Gentoo, and you need a working Internet connection. |
| 87 | <p> |
118 | </p> |
| 88 | Now what stage do you have to choose? |
119 | <!-- |
| 89 | </p> |
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| 90 | |
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| 91 | <p> |
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| 92 | Starting from a <e>stage1</e> allows you to have total control over the |
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| 93 | optimization settings and optional build-time functionality that is |
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| 94 | initially enabled on your system. This makes <e>stage1</e> installs good for |
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| 95 | power users who know what they are doing. It is also a great |
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| 96 | installation method for those who would like to know more about the |
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| 97 | inner workings of Gentoo Linux. |
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| 98 | </p> |
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| 99 | |
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| 100 | <table> |
120 | <table> |
| 101 | <tr> |
121 | <tr> |
| 102 | <th>Stage1</th> |
122 | <th>Minimal Installation CD</th> |
| 103 | <th>Pros and Cons</th> |
123 | <th>Pros and Cons</th> |
| 104 | </tr> |
124 | </tr> |
| 105 | <tr> |
125 | <tr> |
| 106 | <th>+</th> |
126 | <th>+</th> |
| 107 | <ti> |
127 | <ti>Smallest download</ti> |
| 108 | Allows you to have total control over the optimization settings and optional |
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| 109 | build-time functionality that is initially enabled on your system |
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| 110 | </ti> |
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| 111 | </tr> |
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| 112 | <tr> |
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| 113 | <th>+</th> |
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| 114 | <ti>Suitable for powerusers that know what they are doing</ti> |
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| 115 | </tr> |
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| 116 | <tr> |
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| 117 | <th>+</th> |
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| 118 | <ti>Allows you to learn more about the inner workings of Gentoo</ti> |
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| 119 | </tr> |
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| 120 | <tr> |
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| 121 | <th>-</th> |
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| 122 | <ti>Takes a long time to finish the installation</ti> |
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| 123 | </tr> |
128 | </tr> |
| 124 | <tr> |
129 | <tr> |
| 125 | <th>-</th> |
130 | <th>-</th> |
| 126 | <ti> |
131 | <ti> |
| 127 | If you don't intend to tweak the settings, it is probably a waste of time |
132 | Contains no stage3 tarball, no Portage snapshot, no prebuilt packages and is |
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133 | therefore not suitable for networkless installation |
| 128 | </ti> |
134 | </ti> |
| 129 | </tr> |
135 | </tr> |
| 130 | </table> |
136 | </table> |
| 131 | |
137 | |
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138 | </body> |
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139 | </subsection> |
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140 | <subsection> |
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141 | <title>Gentoo's Universal Installation CD</title> |
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142 | <body> |
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143 | |
| 132 | <p> |
144 | <p> |
| 133 | <e>Stage2</e> installs allow you to skip the bootstrap process and doing this |
145 | The Universal Installation CD is called <c>install-alpha-universal-2008.0.iso</c> |
| 134 | is fine if you are happy with the optimization settings that we chose |
146 | and consumes about 316 MB on a CD. You can use this Installation CD to install |
| 135 | for your particular <e>stage2</e> tarball. |
147 | Gentoo, and you can even use it to install Gentoo without a working internet |
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148 | connection, just in case you want to bring Gentoo to another PC than the one |
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149 | you are currently installing Gentoo on :) |
| 136 | </p> |
150 | </p> |
| 137 | |
151 | |
| 138 | <table> |
152 | <table> |
| 139 | <tr> |
153 | <tr> |
| 140 | <th>Stage2</th> |
154 | <th>Universal Installation CD</th> |
| 141 | <th>Pros and Cons</th> |
155 | <th>Pros and Cons</th> |
| 142 | </tr> |
156 | </tr> |
| 143 | <tr> |
157 | <tr> |
| 144 | <th>+</th> |
158 | <ti>+</ti> |
| 145 | <ti>You don't need to bootstrap</ti> |
159 | <ti> |
| 146 | </tr> |
160 | Contains everything you need. You can even install without a network |
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161 | connection. |
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162 | </ti> |
| 147 | <tr> |
163 | </tr> |
| 148 | <th>+</th> |
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| 149 | <ti>Faster than starting with stage1</ti> |
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| 150 | </tr> |
164 | <tr> |
| 151 | <tr> |
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| 152 | <th>+</th> |
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| 153 | <ti>You can still tweak your settings</ti> |
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| 154 | </tr> |
|
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| 155 | <tr> |
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| 156 | <th>-</th> |
165 | <ti>-</ti> |
| 157 | <ti>You cannot tweak as much as with a stage1</ti> |
166 | <ti> |
| 158 | </tr> |
167 | Huge download |
| 159 | <tr> |
168 | </ti> |
| 160 | <th>-</th> |
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| 161 | <ti>It's not the fastest way to install Gentoo</ti> |
|
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| 162 | </tr> |
|
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| 163 | <tr> |
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| 164 | <th>-</th> |
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| 165 | <ti>You have to accept the optimizations we chose for the bootstrap</ti> |
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| 166 | </tr> |
169 | </tr> |
| 167 | </table> |
170 | </table> |
| 168 | |
171 | |
| 169 | <p> |
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| 170 | Choosing to go with a <e>stage3</e> allows for the fastest install of Gentoo |
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| 171 | Linux, but also means that your base system will have the optimization |
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| 172 | settings that we chose for you (which to be honest, are good settings |
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| 173 | and were carefully chosen to enhance performance while maintaining |
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| 174 | stability). <e>stage3</e> is also required if you want to install Gentoo using |
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| 175 | prebuilt packages. |
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| 176 | </p> |
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| 177 | |
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| 178 | <table> |
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| 179 | <tr> |
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| 180 | <th>Stage3</th> |
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| 181 | <th>Pros and Cons</th> |
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| 182 | </tr> |
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| 183 | <tr> |
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| 184 | <th>+</th> |
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| 185 | <ti>Fastest way to get a Gentoo base system</ti> |
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| 186 | </tr> |
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| 187 | <tr> |
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| 188 | <th>-</th> |
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| 189 | <ti>You cannot tweak the base system - it's built already</ti> |
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| 190 | </tr> |
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| 191 | <tr> |
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| 192 | <th>-</th> |
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| 193 | <ti>You cannot brag about having used stage1 or stage2</ti> |
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| 194 | </tr> |
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| 195 | </table> |
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| 196 | |
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| 197 | <p> |
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| 198 | Write down (or remember) what stage you want to use. You need this later when |
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| 199 | you decide what LiveCD (or other installation medium) you want to use. You might |
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| 200 | be interested to know that, if you decide to use different optimization settings |
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| 201 | after having installed Gentoo, you will be able to recompile your entire system |
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| 202 | with the new optimization settings. |
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| 203 | </p> |
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| 204 | |
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| 205 | <p> |
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| 206 | Now take a look at the available installation media. |
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| 207 | </p> |
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| 208 | |
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| 209 | </body> |
172 | </body> |
| 210 | </subsection> |
|
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| 211 | <subsection> |
173 | </subsection> |
| 212 | <title>The Gentoo Alpha LiveCD</title> |
174 | |
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175 | <subsection> |
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176 | <title>Other CDs</title> |
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177 | <body> |
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178 | |
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179 | <p> |
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180 | You might find a Package CD on one of our mirrors. This CD is not an |
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181 | Installation CD but an additional resource that can be exploited during a |
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182 | networkless installation. It contains prebuilt packages (also known as the GRP |
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183 | set) that allow you to easily and quickly install additional applications |
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184 | (such as OpenOffice.org, KDE, GNOME, ...) immediately after the networkless |
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185 | Gentoo installation. |
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186 | </p> |
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187 | |
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188 | <p> |
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189 | If you intend to use the Packages CD to quickly install additional software, |
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190 | make sure that you use the same subarchitecture as the stage3 tarball you use. |
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191 | </p> |
|
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192 | --> |
| 213 | <body> |
193 | </body> |
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194 | </subsection> |
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195 | <subsection> |
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196 | <title>The Stage3 Tarball</title> |
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197 | <body> |
| 214 | |
198 | |
| 215 | <p> |
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| 216 | The <e>Gentoo Alpha LiveCD</e> is a bootable CD which contain a |
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| 217 | self-sustained Gentoo environment. It allows you to boot Linux from the CD. |
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| 218 | During the boot process your hardware is detected and the appropriate drivers |
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| 219 | are loaded. It is maintained by Gentoo developers. |
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| 220 | </p> |
199 | <p> |
| 221 | |
200 | A stage3 tarball is an archive containing a minimal Gentoo environment, suitable |
| 222 | <p> |
201 | to continue the Gentoo installation using the instructions in this manual. |
| 223 | The <e>Gentoo Alpha LiveCD</e> is a small, no-nonsense, bootable CD which sole |
202 | Previously, the Gentoo Handbook described the installation using one of three |
| 224 | purpose is to boot the system, prepare the networking and continue with the |
203 | stage tarballs. While Gentoo still offers stage1 and stage2 tarballs, the |
| 225 | Gentoo installation. It does not contain any stages (or, in some cases, a |
204 | official installation method uses the stage3 tarball. If you are interested in |
| 226 | single stage1 file), source code or precompiled packages. For example the |
205 | performing a Gentoo installation using a stage1 or stage2 tarball, please read |
| 227 | alpha variant of this LiveCD can be found in the |
206 | the Gentoo FAQ on <uri link="/doc/en/faq.xml#stage12">How do I Install Gentoo |
| 228 | <path>releases/1.4_rc1/alpha</path> subdirectory and is called |
207 | Using a Stage1 or Stage2 Tarball?</uri> |
| 229 | <c>gentoo-alpha-1.4rc1-test3.iso.bz2</c>. |
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| 230 | </p> |
208 | </p> |
| 231 | |
209 | |
| 232 | </body> |
210 | </body> |
| 233 | </subsection> |
211 | </subsection> |
| 234 | </section> |
212 | </section> |
|
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213 | <!-- STOP --> |
| 235 | <section> |
214 | <section> |
| 236 | <title>Download, Burn and Boot the Gentoo LiveCD</title> |
215 | <title>Download, Burn and Boot a Gentoo Installation CD</title> |
| 237 | <subsection> |
216 | <subsection> |
| 238 | <title>Downloading and Burning the LiveCDs</title> |
217 | <title>Downloading and Burning the Installation CDs</title> |
| 239 | <body> |
218 | <body> |
| 240 | |
219 | |
| 241 | <p> |
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| 242 | You have chosen to use a Gentoo LiveCD (if not, then you are reading the |
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| 243 | wrong document). We'll first start by downloading and burning the chosen |
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| 244 | LiveCD. |
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| 245 | </p> |
220 | <p> |
| 246 | |
221 | You have chosen to use a Gentoo Installation CD. We'll first start by |
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222 | downloading and burning the chosen Installation CD. We previously discussed |
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223 | the several available Installation CDs, but where can you find them? |
| 247 | <p> |
224 | </p> |
| 248 | Visit one of our <uri |
225 | |
| 249 | link="/main/en/mirrors.xml">mirrors</uri> and go to |
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| 250 | <path>releases/1.4rc1/alpha</path> which is where the LiveCD(s) of your choice |
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| 251 | are located. Inside that directory you'll find so-called ISO-files. Those are |
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| 252 | full CD images which you can write on a CD-R. |
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| 253 | </p> |
226 | <p> |
| 254 | |
227 | You can download any of the Installation CDs (and, if you want to, a Packages CD |
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228 | as well) from one of our <uri link="/main/en/mirrors.xml">mirrors</uri>. The |
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229 | Installation CDs are located in the <path><keyval |
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230 | id="release-dir"/>installcd</path> directory. |
| 255 | <p> |
231 | </p> |
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232 | |
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233 | <p> |
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234 | Inside that directory you'll find ISO files. Those are full CD images which you |
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235 | can write on a CD-R. |
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236 | </p> |
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237 | |
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238 | <p> |
| 256 | In case you wonder if your downloaded file is corrupted or not, you can |
239 | In case you wonder if your downloaded file is corrupted or not, you can check |
| 257 | check its MD5 checksum and compare it with the MD5 checksum we provide (such as |
240 | its MD5 checksum and compare it with the MD5 checksum we provide (such as |
| 258 | <path>gentoo-alpha-1.4rc1-test3.iso.bz2.md5sum</path>). You can check the MD5 |
241 | <path><keyval id="min-cd-name"/>.DIGESTS</path>). You can check the MD5 checksum |
| 259 | checksum with the <c>md5sum</c> tool under Linux/Unix or <uri |
242 | with the <c>md5sum</c> tool under Linux/Unix or <uri |
| 260 | link="http://www.md5summer.org">md5summer</uri> for Windows. |
243 | link="http://www.etree.org/md5com.html">md5sum</uri> for Windows. |
| 261 | </p> |
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| 262 | |
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| 263 | <p> |
244 | </p> |
| 264 | Once downloaded, decompress the ISO file (as it is stored in a compressed format |
245 | |
| 265 | using the Burrows-Wheeler text compression algorithm) using <c>bunzip2</c> (on |
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| 266 | Unix/Linux systems): |
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| 267 | </p> |
246 | <p> |
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247 | Another way to check the validity of the downloaded file is to use GnuPG to |
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248 | verify the cryptographic signature that we provide (the file ending with |
|
|
249 | <path>.asc</path>). Download the signature file and obtain the public key: |
|
|
250 | </p> |
| 268 | |
251 | |
| 269 | <pre caption="Decompressing the iso.bz2 file"> |
252 | <pre caption="Obtaining the public key"> |
| 270 | # <i>bunzip2 gentoo-alpha-1.4rc1-test3.iso.bz2</i> |
253 | $ <i>gpg --keyserver subkeys.pgp.net --recv-keys 17072058</i> |
| 271 | </pre> |
254 | </pre> |
| 272 | |
255 | |
| 273 | <p> |
256 | <p> |
|
|
257 | Now verify the signature: |
|
|
258 | </p> |
|
|
259 | |
|
|
260 | <pre caption="Verify the cryptographic signature"> |
|
|
261 | $ <i>gpg --verify <signature file> <downloaded iso></i> |
|
|
262 | </pre> |
|
|
263 | |
|
|
264 | <p> |
| 274 | To burn the downloaded ISO(s), you have to select raw-burning. How you |
265 | To burn the downloaded ISO(s), you have to select raw-burning. How you |
| 275 | do this is highly program-dependent. We will discuss a couple of popular |
266 | do this is highly program-dependent. We will discuss <c>cdrecord</c> and |
| 276 | tools on how to do this. |
267 | <c>K3B</c> here; more information can be found in our <uri |
|
|
268 | link="/doc/en/faq.xml#isoburning">Gentoo FAQ</uri>. |
| 277 | </p> |
269 | </p> |
| 278 | |
270 | |
| 279 | <ul> |
271 | <ul> |
| 280 | <li> |
272 | <li> |
| 281 | With EasyCD Creator you select <c>File</c>, <c>Record CD |
273 | With cdrecord, you simply type <c>cdrecord dev=/dev/hdc <downloaded iso |
| 282 | from CD image</c>. Then you change the <c>Files of type</c> to <c>ISO image |
274 | file></c> (replace <path>/dev/hdc</path> with your CD-RW drive's |
| 283 | file</c>. Then locate the ISO file and click <c>Open</c>. When you click on |
275 | device path). |
| 284 | <c>Start recording</c> the ISO image will be burned correctly onto the CD-R. |
|
|
| 285 | </li> |
276 | </li> |
| 286 | <li> |
277 | <li> |
| 287 | With Nero Burning ROM, select <c>File</c>, <c>Burn CD image</c>. Set the |
|
|
| 288 | type of file to <c>*.*</c> and select the ISO file. Older versions of Nero |
|
|
| 289 | will tell you they don't recognize the format -- confirm here, it does |
|
|
| 290 | recognize it but doesn't know it yet :) In the next dialog, set the |
|
|
| 291 | following parameters: |
|
|
| 292 | <ul> |
|
|
| 293 | <li>Type of image: <c>Data Mode 1</c></li> |
|
|
| 294 | <li>Block size: <c>2048 bytes</c></li> |
|
|
| 295 | <li>File precursor and length of the image trailer: <c>0 bytes</c></li> |
|
|
| 296 | <li>Scrambled: <c>no</c></li> |
|
|
| 297 | <li>Swapped: <c>no</c></li> |
|
|
| 298 | </ul> |
|
|
| 299 | Now click on <c>OK</c> and then <c>Burn</c> (the CD-R) |
|
|
| 300 | </li> |
|
|
| 301 | <li> |
|
|
| 302 | With cdrecord, you simply type <c>cdrecord dev=/dev/hdc</c> (replace |
|
|
| 303 | <path>/dev/hdc</path> with your CD-RW drive's device path) followed |
|
|
| 304 | by the path to the ISO file :) |
|
|
| 305 | </li> |
|
|
| 306 | <li> |
|
|
| 307 | With K3B, select <c>Tools</c> > <c>CD</c> > <c>Burn Image</c>. The |
278 | With K3B, select <c>Tools</c> > <c>Burn CD Image</c>. Then you can locate |
| 308 | under the 'Image to Burn' area, locate the ISO file. Finally click |
279 | your ISO file within the 'Image to Burn' area. Finally click <c>Start</c>. |
| 309 | <c>Start</c>. |
|
|
| 310 | </li> |
280 | </li> |
| 311 | </ul> |
281 | </ul> |
| 312 | |
282 | |
| 313 | </body> |
283 | </body> |
| 314 | </subsection> |
284 | </subsection> |
| 315 | <subsection> |
285 | <subsection> |
| 316 | <title>Booting the Alpha LiveCD(s)</title> |
286 | <title>Booting the Installation CD</title> |
| 317 | <body> |
287 | <body> |
| 318 | |
288 | |
| 319 | <p> |
289 | <p> |
| 320 | When your Alpha is powered on, the first thing that gets started is the |
290 | When your Alpha is powered on, the first thing that gets started is the |
| 321 | firmware. It is loosely synonymous with the BIOS software on PC systems. There |
291 | firmware. It is loosely synonymous with the BIOS software on PC systems. There |
| … | |
… | |
| 323 | Manual</e>) and ARC (<e>Advanced Risc Console</e>). |
293 | Manual</e>) and ARC (<e>Advanced Risc Console</e>). |
| 324 | </p> |
294 | </p> |
| 325 | |
295 | |
| 326 | <p> |
296 | <p> |
| 327 | SRM is based on the Alpha Console Subsystem specification, which provides an |
297 | SRM is based on the Alpha Console Subsystem specification, which provides an |
| 328 | operating environment for OpenVMS, Tru64 UNIX, and Linux operating systems. ARM |
298 | operating environment for OpenVMS, Tru64 UNIX, and Linux operating systems. ARC |
| 329 | is based on the Advanced RISC Computing (ARC) specification, which provides |
299 | is based on the Advanced RISC Computing (ARC) specification, which provides |
| 330 | an operating environment for Windows NT. |
300 | an operating environment for Windows NT. You can find a |
| 331 | </p> |
301 | <uri link="http://www.alphalinux.org/faq/SRM-HOWTO/">detailed guide</uri> on |
| 332 | |
302 | using SRM over at the Alpha Linux website. |
| 333 | <p> |
303 | </p> |
|
|
304 | |
|
|
305 | <p> |
| 334 | If your Alpha system supports both SRC and ARCs (ARC, AlphaBIOS, ARCSBIOS) you |
306 | If your Alpha system supports both SRM and ARCs (ARC, AlphaBIOS, ARCSBIOS) you |
| 335 | should follow <uri link="http://www.alphalinux.org/faq/x31.html">these |
307 | should follow <uri link="http://www.alphalinux.org/faq/x31.html">these |
| 336 | instructions</uri> for switching to SRM. If your system already uses SRM, you |
308 | instructions</uri> for switching to SRM. If your system already uses SRM, you |
| 337 | are all set. If your system can only use ARCs (Ruffian, nautilus, xl, etc.) you |
309 | are all set. If your system can only use ARCs (Ruffian, nautilus, xl, etc.) you |
| 338 | will need to choose <c>MILO</c> later on when we are talking about bootloaders. |
310 | will need to choose <c>MILO</c> later on when we are talking about bootloaders. |
| 339 | </p> |
311 | </p> |
| 340 | |
312 | |
| 341 | <p> |
313 | <p> |
| 342 | Now to boot an Alpha LiveCD, put the CD-ROM in the tray and reboot the system. |
314 | Now to boot an Alpha Installation CD, put the CD-ROM in the tray and reboot the |
| 343 | You can use SRM to boot the LiveCD. If you cannot do that, you will have to use |
315 | system. You can use SRM to boot the Installation CD. If you cannot do that, you |
| 344 | <c>MILO</c>. If you don't have <c>MILO</c> installed already, use one of the |
316 | will have to use <c>MILO</c>. If you don't have <c>MILO</c> installed already, |
| 345 | precompiled <c>MILO</c> images available on <uri |
317 | use one of the precompiled <c>MILO</c> images available on <uri |
| 346 | link="http://dev.gentoo.org/~taviso/milo/">taviso's homepage</uri>. |
318 | link="http://dev.gentoo.org/~taviso/milo/">taviso's homepage</uri>. |
| 347 | </p> |
319 | </p> |
| 348 | |
320 | |
| 349 | <pre caption="Booting a CD-ROM using SRM"> |
321 | <pre caption="Booting a CD-ROM using SRM"> |
| 350 | <comment>(List available hardware drives)</comment> |
322 | <comment>(List available hardware drives)</comment> |
| 351 | >>> <i>show device</i> |
323 | >>> <i>show device</i> |
| 352 | dkb0.0.1.4.0 DKB0 TOSHIBA CDROM |
324 | dkb0.0.1.4.0 DKB0 TOSHIBA CDROM |
| 353 | <comment>(...)</comment> |
325 | <comment>(...)</comment> |
| 354 | <comment>(Substitute dkb0 with your CD-ROM drive device)</comment> |
326 | <comment>(Substitute dkb0 with your CD-ROM drive device)</comment> |
| 355 | >>> <i>boot dkb0 -flags 0</i> |
327 | >>> <i>boot dkb0 -flags 0</i> |
|
|
328 | <comment>(If you need serial console support)</comment> |
|
|
329 | >>> <i>boot dkb0 -flags 2</i> |
| 356 | </pre> |
330 | </pre> |
| 357 | |
331 | |
| 358 | <pre caption="Booting a CD-ROM using MILO"> |
332 | <pre caption="Booting a CD-ROM using MILO"> |
| 359 | <comment>(Substitute hdb with your CD-ROM drive device)</comment> |
333 | <comment>(Substitute sdb with your CD-ROM drive device)</comment> |
| 360 | MILO> <i>boot hdb:boot/vmlinuz initrd=initrd.img root=/dev/ram0 init=/linuxrc</i> |
334 | MILO> <i>boot sdb:/boot/gentoo_2.6 initrd=/boot/gentoo_2_6.igz root=/dev/ram0 init=/linuxrc looptype=zisofs loop=/zisofs cdroot</i> |
|
|
335 | <comment>(If you need serial console support)</comment> |
|
|
336 | MILO> <i>boot sdb:/boot/gentoo_2.6 initrd=/boot/gentoo_2_6.igz root=/dev/ram0 init=/linuxrc looptype=zisofs loop=/zisofs console=ttyS0 cdroot</i> |
| 361 | </pre> |
337 | </pre> |
| 362 | |
338 | |
| 363 | <p> |
339 | <p> |
| 364 | You should have a root ("#") prompt on the current console and can also switch |
340 | You should have a root ("#") prompt on the current console and can also switch |
| 365 | to other consoles by pressing Alt-F2, Alt-F3 and Alt-F4. Get back to the one you |
341 | to other consoles by pressing Alt-F2, Alt-F3 and Alt-F4. Get back to the one you |
| … | |
… | |
| 370 | Now continue with <uri link="#hardware">Extra Hardware Configuration</uri>. |
346 | Now continue with <uri link="#hardware">Extra Hardware Configuration</uri>. |
| 371 | </p> |
347 | </p> |
| 372 | |
348 | |
| 373 | </body> |
349 | </body> |
| 374 | </subsection> |
350 | </subsection> |
| 375 | <subsection id="hardware"> |
|
|
| 376 | <title>Extra Hardware Configuration</title> |
|
|
| 377 | <body> |
|
|
| 378 | |
351 | |
| 379 | <p> |
|
|
| 380 | When the Live CD boots, it tries to detect all your hardware devices and |
|
|
| 381 | loads the appropriate kernel modules to support your hardware. In the |
|
|
| 382 | vast majority of cases, it does a very good job. However, in some cases (the |
|
|
| 383 | SPARC LiveCDs don't even do autodetection), it may not auto-load the kernel |
|
|
| 384 | modules you need. If the PCI auto-detection missed some of your system's |
|
|
| 385 | hardware, you will have to load the appropriate kernel modules manually. |
|
|
| 386 | </p> |
|
|
| 387 | |
|
|
| 388 | <p> |
|
|
| 389 | In the next example we try to load the <c>8139too</c> module (support for |
|
|
| 390 | certain kinds of network interfaces): |
|
|
| 391 | </p> |
|
|
| 392 | |
|
|
| 393 | <pre caption="Loading kernel modules"> |
|
|
| 394 | # <i>modprobe 8139too</i> |
|
|
| 395 | </pre> |
|
|
| 396 | |
|
|
| 397 | </body> |
|
|
| 398 | </subsection> |
352 | <subsection> |
|
|
353 | <include href="hb-install-bootconfig.xml"/> |
| 399 | <subsection> |
354 | </subsection> |
| 400 | <title>Optional: Tweaking Hard Disk Performance</title> |
|
|
| 401 | <body> |
|
|
| 402 | |
355 | |
| 403 | <p> |
|
|
| 404 | If you are an advanced user, you might want to tweak the IDE hard disk |
|
|
| 405 | performance using <c>hdparm</c>. With the <c>-tT</c> options you can |
|
|
| 406 | test the performance of your disk (execute it several times to get a |
|
|
| 407 | more precise impression): |
|
|
| 408 | </p> |
|
|
| 409 | |
|
|
| 410 | <pre caption="Testing disk performance"> |
|
|
| 411 | # <i>hdparm -tT /dev/hda</i> |
|
|
| 412 | </pre> |
|
|
| 413 | |
|
|
| 414 | <p> |
|
|
| 415 | To tweak, you can use any of the following examples (or experiment |
|
|
| 416 | yourself) which use <path>/dev/hda</path> as disk (substitute with your |
|
|
| 417 | disk): |
|
|
| 418 | </p> |
|
|
| 419 | |
|
|
| 420 | <pre caption="Tweaking hard disk performance"> |
|
|
| 421 | <comment>Activate DMA:</comment> # <i>hdparm -d 1 /dev/hda</i> |
|
|
| 422 | <comment>Activate DMA + Safe Performance-enhancing Options:</comment> # <i>hdparm -d 1 -A 1 -m 16 -u 1 -a 64 /dev/hda</i> |
|
|
| 423 | </pre> |
|
|
| 424 | |
|
|
| 425 | </body> |
|
|
| 426 | </subsection> |
|
|
| 427 | <subsection> |
|
|
| 428 | <title>Optional: User Accounts</title> |
|
|
| 429 | <body> |
|
|
| 430 | |
|
|
| 431 | <p> |
|
|
| 432 | If you plan on giving other people access to your installation |
|
|
| 433 | environment or you want to chat using <c>irssi</c> without root privileges (for |
|
|
| 434 | security reasons), you need to create the necessary user accounts and change |
|
|
| 435 | the root password. |
|
|
| 436 | </p> |
|
|
| 437 | |
|
|
| 438 | <p> |
|
|
| 439 | To change the root password, use the <c>passwd</c> utility: |
|
|
| 440 | </p> |
|
|
| 441 | |
|
|
| 442 | <pre caption="Changing the root password"> |
|
|
| 443 | # <i>passwd</i> |
|
|
| 444 | New password: <comment>(Enter your new password)</comment> |
|
|
| 445 | Re-enter password: <comment>(Re-enter your password)</comment> |
|
|
| 446 | </pre> |
|
|
| 447 | |
|
|
| 448 | <p> |
|
|
| 449 | To create a user account, we first enter his/her credentials, followed by |
|
|
| 450 | its password. We use <c>useradd</c> and <c>passwd</c> for these tasks. |
|
|
| 451 | In the next example, we create a user called "john". |
|
|
| 452 | </p> |
|
|
| 453 | |
|
|
| 454 | <pre caption="Creating a user account"> |
|
|
| 455 | # <i>useradd john</i> |
|
|
| 456 | # <i>passwd john</i> |
|
|
| 457 | New password: <comment>(Enter john's password)</comment> |
|
|
| 458 | Re-enter password: <comment>(Re-enter john's password)</comment> |
|
|
| 459 | </pre> |
|
|
| 460 | |
|
|
| 461 | <p> |
|
|
| 462 | You can change your user id from root to the newly created user by using |
|
|
| 463 | <c>su</c>: |
|
|
| 464 | </p> |
|
|
| 465 | |
|
|
| 466 | <pre caption="Changing user id"> |
|
|
| 467 | # <i>su john -</i> |
|
|
| 468 | </pre> |
|
|
| 469 | |
|
|
| 470 | </body> |
|
|
| 471 | </subsection> |
|
|
| 472 | <subsection> |
|
|
| 473 | <title>Optional: Starting the SSH Daemon</title> |
|
|
| 474 | <body> |
|
|
| 475 | |
|
|
| 476 | <p> |
|
|
| 477 | If you want to allow other users to access your computer during the |
|
|
| 478 | Gentoo installation (perhaps because those users are going to help you |
|
|
| 479 | install Gentoo, or even do it for you), you need to create a user |
|
|
| 480 | account for them and perhaps even provide them with your root password |
|
|
| 481 | (<e>only</e> do that <e>if</e> you <b>fully trust</b> that user). |
|
|
| 482 | </p> |
|
|
| 483 | |
|
|
| 484 | <p> |
|
|
| 485 | To fire up the SSH daemon, execute the following command: |
|
|
| 486 | </p> |
|
|
| 487 | |
|
|
| 488 | <pre caption="Starting the SSH daemon"> |
|
|
| 489 | # <i>/etc/init.d/sshd start</i> |
|
|
| 490 | </pre> |
|
|
| 491 | |
|
|
| 492 | <p> |
|
|
| 493 | To be able to use sshd, you first need to setup your networking. Continue with |
|
|
| 494 | the chapter on <uri link="?part=1&chap=3">Configuring your Network</uri>. |
|
|
| 495 | </p> |
|
|
| 496 | |
|
|
| 497 | </body> |
|
|
| 498 | </subsection> |
|
|
| 499 | </section> |
356 | </section> |
| 500 | </sections> |
357 | </sections> |
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