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1<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?> 1<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?>
2<!DOCTYPE sections SYSTEM "/dtd/book.dtd"> 2<!DOCTYPE sections SYSTEM "/dtd/book.dtd">
3 3
4<!-- The content of this document is licensed under the CC-BY-SA license --> 4<!-- The content of this document is licensed under the CC-BY-SA license -->
5<!-- See http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/1.0 --> 5<!-- See http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/1.0 -->
6 6
7<!-- $Header: /var/cvsroot/gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en/handbook/hb-install-config.xml,v 1.31 2004/03/27 09:37:30 swift Exp $ --> 7<!-- $Header: /var/cvsroot/gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en/handbook/hb-install-config.xml,v 1.32 2004/03/29 19:11:27 swift Exp $ -->
8 8
9<sections> 9<sections>
10<section> 10<section>
11<title>Filesystem Information</title> 11<title>Filesystem Information</title>
12<subsection> 12<subsection>
13<title>What is fstab?</title> 13<title>What is fstab?</title>
14<body> 14<body>
15 15
16<p> 16<p>
17Under Linux, all partitions used by the system must be listed in 17Under Linux, all partitions used by the system must be listed in
18<path>/etc/fstab</path>. This file contains the mountpoints of those partitions 18<path>/etc/fstab</path>. This file contains the mountpoints of those partitions
19(where they are seen in the file system structure), how they should be mounted 19(where they are seen in the file system structure), how they should be mounted
20(special options) and when (automatically or not, can users mount those or not, 20(special options) and when (automatically or not, can users mount those or not,
21etc.). 21etc.).
22</p> 22</p>
… …
63</li> 63</li>
64</ul> 64</ul>
65 65
66<p> 66<p>
67So start <c>nano</c> (or your favorite editor) to create your 67So start <c>nano</c> (or your favorite editor) to create your
68<path>/etc/fstab</path>: 68<path>/etc/fstab</path>:
69</p> 69</p>
70 70
71<pre caption="Opening /etc/fstab"> 71<pre caption="Opening /etc/fstab">
72# <i>nano -w /etc/fstab</i> 72# <i>nano -w /etc/fstab</i>
73</pre> 73</pre>
74 74
75<p> 75<p>
76Let us take a look at how we write down the options for the <path>/boot</path> 76Let us take a look at how we write down the options for the <path>/boot</path>
77partition. This is just an example, so if your architecture doesn't require a 77partition. This is just an example, so if your architecture doesn't require a
78<path>/boot</path> partition (such as PPC), don't copy it verbatim. 78<path>/boot</path> partition (such as <b>PPC</b>), don't copy it verbatim.
79</p> 79</p>
80 80
81<p> 81<p>
82In our default x86 partitioning example <path>/boot</path> is the 82In our default x86 partitioning example <path>/boot</path> is the
83<path>/dev/hda1</path> partition, with <c>ext2</c> as filesystem. It shouldn't 83<path>/dev/hda1</path> partition, with <c>ext2</c> as filesystem. It shouldn't
84be mounted automatically (<c>noauto</c>) but does need to be checked. So we 84be mounted automatically (<c>noauto</c>) but does need to be checked. So we
85would write down: 85would write down:
86</p> 86</p>
87 87
88<pre caption="An example /boot line for /etc/fstab"> 88<pre caption="An example /boot line for /etc/fstab">
89/dev/hda1 /boot ext2 noauto 1 2 89/dev/hda1 /boot ext2 noauto 1 2
90</pre> 90</pre>
91 91
92<p> 92<p>
93Now, to improve performance, most users would want to add the <c>noatime</c> 93Now, to improve performance, most users would want to add the <c>noatime</c>
… …
123 123
124none /proc proc defaults 0 0 124none /proc proc defaults 0 0
125none /dev/shm tmpfs defaults 0 0 125none /dev/shm tmpfs defaults 0 0
126 126
127/dev/cdroms/cdrom0 /mnt/cdrom auto noauto,user 0 0 127/dev/cdroms/cdrom0 /mnt/cdrom auto noauto,user 0 0
128</pre> 128</pre>
129 129
130<p> 130<p>
131<c>auto</c> makes <c>mount</c> guess for the filesystem (recommended for 131<c>auto</c> makes <c>mount</c> guess for the filesystem (recommended for
132removable media as they can be created with one of many filesystems) and 132removable media as they can be created with one of many filesystems) and
133<c>user</c> makes it possible for non-root users to mount the CD. 133<c>user</c> makes it possible for non-root users to mount the CD.
134</p> 134</p>
135 135
136<p> 136<p>
137Now use the above example to create your <path>/etc/fstab</path>. If you are a 137Now use the above example to create your <path>/etc/fstab</path>. If you are a
138SPARC-user, you should add the following line to your <path>/etc/fstab</path> 138<b>SPARC</b>-user, you should add the following line to your
139<path>/etc/fstab</path>
139too: 140too:
140</p> 141</p>
141 142
142<pre caption="Adding openprom filesystem to /etc/fstab"> 143<pre caption="Adding openprom filesystem to /etc/fstab">
143none /proc/openprom openpromfs defaults 0 0 144none /proc/openprom openpromfs defaults 0 0
144</pre> 145</pre>
145 146
146<p> 147<p>
147If you need <c>usbfs</c>, add the following line to <path>/etc/fstab</path>: 148If you need <c>usbfs</c>, add the following line to <path>/etc/fstab</path>:
148</p> 149</p>
149 150
150<pre caption="Adding usbfs filesystem to /etc/fstab"> 151<pre caption="Adding usbfs filesystem to /etc/fstab">
151none /proc/bus/usb usbfs defaults 0 0 152none /proc/bus/usb usbfs defaults 0 0
152</pre> 153</pre>
153 154
… …
393Open up <path>/etc/rc.conf</path> and enjoy all the comments in that file :) 394Open up <path>/etc/rc.conf</path> and enjoy all the comments in that file :)
394</p> 395</p>
395 396
396<pre caption="Opening /etc/rc.conf"> 397<pre caption="Opening /etc/rc.conf">
397# <i>nano -w /etc/rc.conf</i> 398# <i>nano -w /etc/rc.conf</i>
398</pre> 399</pre>
399 400
400<p> 401<p>
401As you can see, this file is well commented to help you set up the necessary 402As you can see, this file is well commented to help you set up the necessary
402configuration variables. Take special care with the <c>KEYMAP</c> setting: if 403configuration variables. Take special care with the <c>KEYMAP</c> setting: if
403you select the wrong <c>KEYMAP</c> you will get weird results when typing on 404you select the wrong <c>KEYMAP</c> you will get weird results when typing on
404your keyboard. 405your keyboard.
405</p> 406</p>
406 407
407<note> 408<note>
408Users of USB-based SPARC systems and SPARC clones might need to select an i386 409Users of USB-based <b>SPARC</b> systems and <b>SPARC</b> clones might need to
409keymap (such as "us") instead of "sunkeymap". 410select an i386 keymap (such as "us") instead of "sunkeymap".
410</note> 411</note>
411 412
412<p> 413<p>
413PPC uses x86 keymaps on most systems. Users who want to be able to use ADB 414<b>PPC</b> uses x86 keymaps on most systems. Users who want to be able to use
414keymaps on boot have to enable ADB keycode sendings in their kernel and have to 415ADB keymaps on boot have to enable ADB keycode sendings in their kernel and have
415set a mac/ppc keymap in <path>rc.conf</path>. 416to set a mac/ppc keymap in <path>rc.conf</path>.
416</p> 417</p>
417 418
418<p> 419<p>
419When you're finished configuring <path>/etc/rc.conf</path>, save and exit, then 420When you're finished configuring <path>/etc/rc.conf</path>, save and exit, then
420continue with <uri link="?part=1&amp;chap=9">Configuring the Bootloader</uri>. 421continue with <uri link="?part=1&amp;chap=9">Configuring the Bootloader</uri>.
421</p> 422</p>
422 423
423</body> 424</body>
424</section> 425</section>
425</sections> 426</sections>
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