| 1 |
<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?>
|
| 2 |
<!DOCTYPE sections SYSTEM "/dtd/book.dtd">
|
| 3 |
|
| 4 |
<!-- The content of this document is licensed under the CC-BY-SA license -->
|
| 5 |
<!-- See http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5 -->
|
| 6 |
|
| 7 |
<!-- $Header: /var/cvsroot/gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en/handbook/draft/hb-install-config.xml,v 1.25 2007/04/03 19:31:09 nightmorph Exp $ -->
|
| 8 |
|
| 9 |
<sections>
|
| 10 |
|
| 11 |
<abstract>
|
| 12 |
You need to edit some important configuration files. In this chapter
|
| 13 |
you receive an overview of these files and an explanation on how to
|
| 14 |
proceed.
|
| 15 |
</abstract>
|
| 16 |
|
| 17 |
<version>8.0</version>
|
| 18 |
<date>2007-05-07</date>
|
| 19 |
|
| 20 |
<section>
|
| 21 |
<title>Filesystem Information</title>
|
| 22 |
<subsection>
|
| 23 |
<title>What is fstab?</title>
|
| 24 |
<body>
|
| 25 |
|
| 26 |
<p>
|
| 27 |
Under Linux, all partitions used by the system must be listed in
|
| 28 |
<path>/etc/fstab</path>. This file contains the mount points of those partitions
|
| 29 |
(where they are seen in the file system structure), how they should be mounted
|
| 30 |
and with what special options (automatically or not, whether users can mount
|
| 31 |
them or not, etc.)
|
| 32 |
</p>
|
| 33 |
|
| 34 |
</body>
|
| 35 |
</subsection>
|
| 36 |
<subsection>
|
| 37 |
<title>Creating /etc/fstab</title>
|
| 38 |
<body>
|
| 39 |
|
| 40 |
<p>
|
| 41 |
<path>/etc/fstab</path> uses a special syntax. Every line consists of six
|
| 42 |
fields, separated by whitespace (space(s), tabs or a mixture). Each field has
|
| 43 |
its own meaning:
|
| 44 |
</p>
|
| 45 |
|
| 46 |
<ul>
|
| 47 |
<li>
|
| 48 |
The first field shows the <b>partition</b> described (the path to the device
|
| 49 |
file)
|
| 50 |
</li>
|
| 51 |
<li>
|
| 52 |
The second field shows the <b>mount point</b> at which the partition should be
|
| 53 |
mounted
|
| 54 |
</li>
|
| 55 |
<li>
|
| 56 |
The third field shows the <b>filesystem</b> used by the partition
|
| 57 |
</li>
|
| 58 |
<li>
|
| 59 |
The fourth field shows the <b>mount options</b> used by <c>mount</c> when it
|
| 60 |
wants to mount the partition. As every filesystem has its own mount options,
|
| 61 |
you are encouraged to read the mount man page (<c>man mount</c>) for a full
|
| 62 |
listing. Multiple mount options are comma-separated.
|
| 63 |
</li>
|
| 64 |
<li>
|
| 65 |
The fifth field is used by <c>dump</c> to determine if the partition needs to
|
| 66 |
be <b>dump</b>ed or not. You can generally leave this as <c>0</c> (zero).
|
| 67 |
</li>
|
| 68 |
<li>
|
| 69 |
The sixth field is used by <c>fsck</c> to determine the order in which
|
| 70 |
filesystems should be <b>check</b>ed if the system wasn't shut down properly.
|
| 71 |
The root filesystem should have <c>1</c> while the rest should have <c>2</c>
|
| 72 |
(or <c>0</c> if a filesystem check isn't necessary).
|
| 73 |
</li>
|
| 74 |
</ul>
|
| 75 |
|
| 76 |
<impo>
|
| 77 |
The default <path>/etc/fstab</path> file provided by Gentoo <e>is not a valid
|
| 78 |
fstab file</e>. You <b>have to create</b> your own <path>/etc/fstab</path>.
|
| 79 |
</impo>
|
| 80 |
|
| 81 |
<pre caption="Opening /etc/fstab">
|
| 82 |
# <i>nano -w /etc/fstab</i>
|
| 83 |
</pre>
|
| 84 |
|
| 85 |
</body>
|
| 86 |
<body test="func:keyval('/boot')">
|
| 87 |
|
| 88 |
<p>
|
| 89 |
Let us take a look at how we write down the options for the <path>/boot</path>
|
| 90 |
partition. This is just an example, if you didn't or couldn't create a
|
| 91 |
<path>/boot</path>, don't copy it.
|
| 92 |
</p>
|
| 93 |
|
| 94 |
<p test="contains(func:keyval('/boot'), '/dev/hd')">
|
| 95 |
In our default <keyval id="arch"/> partitioning example, <path>/boot</path> is
|
| 96 |
usually the <path><keyval id="/boot"/></path> partition (or
|
| 97 |
<path>/dev/sda*</path> if you use SCSI or SATA drives), with <c>ext2</c> as
|
| 98 |
filesystem. It needs to be checked during boot, so we would write down:
|
| 99 |
</p>
|
| 100 |
|
| 101 |
<p test="contains(func:keyval('/boot'), '/dev/sd')">
|
| 102 |
In our default <keyval id="arch"/> partitioning example, <path>/boot</path> is
|
| 103 |
usually the <path><keyval id="/boot"/></path> partition, with <c>ext2</c> as
|
| 104 |
filesystem. It needs to be checked during boot, so we would write down:
|
| 105 |
</p>
|
| 106 |
|
| 107 |
<pre caption="An example /boot line for /etc/fstab">
|
| 108 |
<keyval id="/boot"/> /boot ext2 defaults 1 2
|
| 109 |
</pre>
|
| 110 |
|
| 111 |
<p>
|
| 112 |
Some users don't want their <path>/boot</path> partition to be mounted
|
| 113 |
automatically to improve their system's security. Those people should
|
| 114 |
substitute <c>defaults</c> with <c>noauto</c>. This does mean that you need to
|
| 115 |
manually mount this partition every time you want to use it.
|
| 116 |
</p>
|
| 117 |
|
| 118 |
</body>
|
| 119 |
<body>
|
| 120 |
|
| 121 |
<p test="not(func:keyval('arch')='SPARC')">
|
| 122 |
Add the rules that match your partitioning scheme and append rules for
|
| 123 |
<path>/proc</path>, <c>tmpfs</c>, for your CD-ROM drive(s), and of course, if
|
| 124 |
you have other partitions or drives, for those too.
|
| 125 |
</p>
|
| 126 |
|
| 127 |
<p test="func:keyval('arch')='SPARC'">
|
| 128 |
Add the rules that match your partitioning schema and append rules for
|
| 129 |
<path>/proc/openprom</path>, <path>/proc</path>, <c>tmpfs</c> , for your CD-ROM
|
| 130 |
drive(s), and of course, if you have other partitions or drives, for those too.
|
| 131 |
</p>
|
| 132 |
|
| 133 |
<p>
|
| 134 |
Now use the <e>example</e> below to create your <path>/etc/fstab</path>:
|
| 135 |
</p>
|
| 136 |
|
| 137 |
<pre caption="A full /etc/fstab example" test="func:keyval('arch')='AMD64' or func:keyval('arch')='x86'">
|
| 138 |
<keyval id="/boot"/> /boot ext2 defaults,noatime 1 2
|
| 139 |
/dev/hda2 none swap sw 0 0
|
| 140 |
/dev/hda3 / ext3 noatime 0 1
|
| 141 |
|
| 142 |
proc /proc proc nodev,nosuid,noexec 0 0
|
| 143 |
shm /dev/shm tmpfs nodev,nosuid,noexec 0 0
|
| 144 |
|
| 145 |
/dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom auto noauto,user 0 0
|
| 146 |
</pre>
|
| 147 |
|
| 148 |
<pre caption="A full /etc/fstab example" test="func:keyval('arch')='HPPA'">
|
| 149 |
<keyval id="/boot"/> /boot ext2 defaults,noatime 1 2
|
| 150 |
/dev/sda3 none swap sw 0 0
|
| 151 |
/dev/sda4 / ext3 noatime 0 1
|
| 152 |
|
| 153 |
proc /proc proc nodev,nosuid,noexec 0 0
|
| 154 |
shm /dev/shm tmpfs nodev,nosuid,noexec 0 0
|
| 155 |
|
| 156 |
/dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom auto noauto,user 0 0
|
| 157 |
</pre>
|
| 158 |
|
| 159 |
<pre caption="A full /etc/fstab example" test="func:keyval('arch')='Alpha' or func:keyval('arch')='MIPS'">
|
| 160 |
<keyval id="/boot"/> /boot ext2 defaults,noatime 1 2
|
| 161 |
/dev/sda2 none swap sw 0 0
|
| 162 |
/dev/sda3 / ext3 noatime 0 1
|
| 163 |
|
| 164 |
proc /proc proc nodev,nosuid,noexec 0 0
|
| 165 |
shm /dev/shm tmpfs nodev,nosuid,noexec 0 0
|
| 166 |
|
| 167 |
/dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom auto noauto,user 0 0
|
| 168 |
</pre>
|
| 169 |
|
| 170 |
<pre caption="A full /etc/fstab example" test="func:keyval('arch')='SPARC'">
|
| 171 |
/dev/sda1 / ext3 noatime 0 1
|
| 172 |
/dev/sda2 none swap sw 0 0
|
| 173 |
/dev/sda4 /usr ext3 noatime 0 2
|
| 174 |
/dev/sda5 /var ext3 noatime 0 2
|
| 175 |
/dev/sda6 /home ext3 noatime 0 2
|
| 176 |
|
| 177 |
openprom /proc/openprom openpromfs defaults 0 0
|
| 178 |
proc /proc proc nodev,nosuid,noexec 0 0
|
| 179 |
shm /dev/shm tmpfs nodev,nosuid,noexec 0 0
|
| 180 |
|
| 181 |
/dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom auto noauto,user 0 0
|
| 182 |
</pre>
|
| 183 |
|
| 184 |
<note test="func:keyval('arch')='PPC'">
|
| 185 |
There are important variations between PPC machine types. Please make sure you
|
| 186 |
adapt the following example to your system.
|
| 187 |
</note>
|
| 188 |
|
| 189 |
<pre caption="A full /etc/fstab example" test="func:keyval('arch')='PPC'">
|
| 190 |
/dev/hda4 / ext3 noatime 0 1
|
| 191 |
/dev/hda3 none swap sw 0 0
|
| 192 |
|
| 193 |
proc /proc proc nodev,nosuid,noexec 0 0
|
| 194 |
shm /dev/shm tmpfs nodev,nosuid,noexec 0 0
|
| 195 |
|
| 196 |
/dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom auto noauto,user 0 0
|
| 197 |
</pre>
|
| 198 |
|
| 199 |
<pre caption="A full /etc/fstab example" test="func:keyval('arch')='PPC64'">
|
| 200 |
/dev/sda4 / ext3 noatime 0 1
|
| 201 |
/dev/sda3 none swap sw 0 0
|
| 202 |
|
| 203 |
proc /proc proc nodev,nosuid,noexec 0 0
|
| 204 |
shm /dev/shm tmpfs nodev,nosuid,noexec 0 0
|
| 205 |
|
| 206 |
/dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom auto noauto,user 0 0
|
| 207 |
</pre>
|
| 208 |
|
| 209 |
<p>
|
| 210 |
<c>auto</c> makes <c>mount</c> guess for the filesystem (recommended for
|
| 211 |
removable media as they can be created with one of many filesystems) and
|
| 212 |
<c>user</c> makes it possible for non-root users to mount the CD.
|
| 213 |
</p>
|
| 214 |
|
| 215 |
<p>
|
| 216 |
To improve performance, most users would want to add the <c>noatime</c>
|
| 217 |
mount option, which results in a faster system since access times
|
| 218 |
aren't registered (you don't need those generally anyway).
|
| 219 |
</p>
|
| 220 |
|
| 221 |
<p>
|
| 222 |
Double-check your <path>/etc/fstab</path>, save and quit to continue.
|
| 223 |
</p>
|
| 224 |
|
| 225 |
</body>
|
| 226 |
</subsection>
|
| 227 |
</section>
|
| 228 |
<section>
|
| 229 |
<title>Networking Information</title>
|
| 230 |
<subsection>
|
| 231 |
<title>Host name, Domainname, etc</title>
|
| 232 |
<body>
|
| 233 |
|
| 234 |
<p>
|
| 235 |
One of the choices the user has to make is name his/her PC. This seems to be
|
| 236 |
quite easy, but <e>lots</e> of users are having difficulties finding the
|
| 237 |
appropriate name for their Linux-pc. To speed things up, know that any name you
|
| 238 |
choose can be changed afterwards. For all we care, you can just call your system
|
| 239 |
<c>tux</c> and domain <c>homenetwork</c>.
|
| 240 |
</p>
|
| 241 |
|
| 242 |
<pre caption="Setting the host name">
|
| 243 |
# <i>nano -w /etc/conf.d/hostname</i>
|
| 244 |
|
| 245 |
<comment>(Set the HOSTNAME variable to your host name)</comment>
|
| 246 |
HOSTNAME="<i>tux</i>"
|
| 247 |
</pre>
|
| 248 |
|
| 249 |
<p>
|
| 250 |
Second, <e>if</e> you need a domainname, set it in <path>/etc/conf.d/net</path>.
|
| 251 |
You only need a domain if your ISP or network administrator says so, or if you
|
| 252 |
have a DNS server but not a DHCP server. You don't need to worry about DNS or
|
| 253 |
domainnames if your networking is setup for DHCP.
|
| 254 |
</p>
|
| 255 |
|
| 256 |
<pre caption="Setting the domainname">
|
| 257 |
# <i>nano -w /etc/conf.d/net</i>
|
| 258 |
|
| 259 |
<comment>(Set the dns_domain variable to your domain name)</comment>
|
| 260 |
dns_domain_lo="<i>homenetwork</i>"
|
| 261 |
</pre>
|
| 262 |
|
| 263 |
<note>
|
| 264 |
If you choose not to set a domainname, you can get rid of the "This is
|
| 265 |
hostname.(none)" messages at your login screen by editing
|
| 266 |
<path>/etc/issue</path>. Just delete the string <c>.\O</c> from that file.
|
| 267 |
</note>
|
| 268 |
|
| 269 |
<p>
|
| 270 |
If you have a NIS domain (if you don't know what that is, then you don't have
|
| 271 |
one), you need to define that one too:
|
| 272 |
</p>
|
| 273 |
|
| 274 |
<pre caption="Setting the NIS domainname">
|
| 275 |
# <i>nano -w /etc/conf.d/net</i>
|
| 276 |
|
| 277 |
<comment>(Set the nis_domain variable to your NIS domain name)</comment>
|
| 278 |
nis_domain_lo="<i>my-nisdomain</i>"
|
| 279 |
</pre>
|
| 280 |
|
| 281 |
<note>
|
| 282 |
For more information on configuring DNS and NIS, please read the examples
|
| 283 |
provided in <path>/etc/conf.d/net.example</path>. Also, you may want to emerge
|
| 284 |
<c>resolvconf-gentoo</c> to help manage your DNS/NIS setup.
|
| 285 |
</note>
|
| 286 |
|
| 287 |
</body>
|
| 288 |
</subsection>
|
| 289 |
<subsection>
|
| 290 |
<title>Configuring your Network</title>
|
| 291 |
<body>
|
| 292 |
|
| 293 |
<p>
|
| 294 |
Before you get that "Hey, we've had that already"-feeling, you should remember
|
| 295 |
that the networking you set up in the beginning of the Gentoo installation was
|
| 296 |
just for the installation. Right now you are going to configure networking for
|
| 297 |
your Gentoo system permanently.
|
| 298 |
</p>
|
| 299 |
|
| 300 |
<note>
|
| 301 |
More detailed information about networking, including advanced topics like
|
| 302 |
bonding, bridging, 802.1Q VLANs or wireless networking is covered in the <uri
|
| 303 |
link="?part=4">Gentoo Network Configuration</uri> section.
|
| 304 |
</note>
|
| 305 |
|
| 306 |
<p>
|
| 307 |
All networking information is gathered in <path>/etc/conf.d/net</path>. It uses
|
| 308 |
a straightforward yet not intuitive syntax if you don't know how to set up
|
| 309 |
networking manually. But don't fear, we'll explain everything. A fully
|
| 310 |
commented example that covers many different configurations is available in
|
| 311 |
<path>/etc/conf.d/net.example</path>.
|
| 312 |
</p>
|
| 313 |
|
| 314 |
<p>
|
| 315 |
DHCP is used by default. For DHCP to work, you will need to install a DHCP
|
| 316 |
client. This is described later in <uri
|
| 317 |
link="?part=1&chap=9#networking-tools">Installing Necessary System
|
| 318 |
Tools</uri>. Do not forget to install a DHCP client.
|
| 319 |
</p>
|
| 320 |
|
| 321 |
<p>
|
| 322 |
If you need to configure your network connection either because you need
|
| 323 |
specific DHCP options or because you do not use DHCP at all, open
|
| 324 |
<path>/etc/conf.d/net</path> with your favorite editor (<c>nano</c> is used in
|
| 325 |
this example):
|
| 326 |
</p>
|
| 327 |
|
| 328 |
<pre caption="Opening /etc/conf.d/net for editing">
|
| 329 |
# <i>nano -w /etc/conf.d/net</i>
|
| 330 |
</pre>
|
| 331 |
|
| 332 |
<p>
|
| 333 |
You will see the following file:
|
| 334 |
</p>
|
| 335 |
|
| 336 |
<pre caption="Default /etc/conf.d/net">
|
| 337 |
# This blank configuration will automatically use DHCP for any net.*
|
| 338 |
# scripts in /etc/init.d. To create a more complete configuration,
|
| 339 |
# please review /etc/conf.d/net.example and save your configuration
|
| 340 |
# in /etc/conf.d/net (this file :]!).
|
| 341 |
</pre>
|
| 342 |
|
| 343 |
<p>
|
| 344 |
To enter your own IP address, netmask and gateway, you need
|
| 345 |
to set both <c>config_eth0</c> and <c>routes_eth0</c>:
|
| 346 |
</p>
|
| 347 |
|
| 348 |
<pre caption="Manually setting IP information for eth0">
|
| 349 |
config_eth0=( "192.168.0.2 netmask 255.255.255.0 brd 192.168.0.255" )
|
| 350 |
routes_eth0=( "default via 192.168.0.1" )
|
| 351 |
</pre>
|
| 352 |
|
| 353 |
<p>
|
| 354 |
To use DHCP and add specific DHCP options, define <c>config_eth0</c> and
|
| 355 |
<c>dhcp_eth0</c>:
|
| 356 |
</p>
|
| 357 |
|
| 358 |
<pre caption="Automatically obtaining an IP address for eth0">
|
| 359 |
config_eth0=( "dhcp" )
|
| 360 |
dhcp_eth0="nodns nontp nonis"
|
| 361 |
</pre>
|
| 362 |
|
| 363 |
<p>
|
| 364 |
Please read <path>/etc/conf.d/net.example</path> for a list of all available
|
| 365 |
options.
|
| 366 |
</p>
|
| 367 |
|
| 368 |
<p>
|
| 369 |
If you have several network interfaces repeat the above steps for
|
| 370 |
<c>config_eth1</c>, <c>config_eth2</c>, etc.
|
| 371 |
</p>
|
| 372 |
|
| 373 |
<p>
|
| 374 |
Now save the configuration and exit to continue.
|
| 375 |
</p>
|
| 376 |
|
| 377 |
</body>
|
| 378 |
</subsection>
|
| 379 |
<subsection>
|
| 380 |
<title>Automatically Start Networking at Boot</title>
|
| 381 |
<body>
|
| 382 |
|
| 383 |
<p>
|
| 384 |
To have your network interfaces activated at boot, you need to add them to the
|
| 385 |
default runlevel.
|
| 386 |
</p>
|
| 387 |
|
| 388 |
<pre caption="Adding net.eth0 to the default runlevel">
|
| 389 |
# <i>rc-update add net.eth0 default</i>
|
| 390 |
</pre>
|
| 391 |
|
| 392 |
<p>
|
| 393 |
If you have several network interfaces, you need to create the appropriate
|
| 394 |
<path>net.eth1</path>, <path>net.eth2</path> etc. initscripts for those. You can
|
| 395 |
use <c>ln</c> to do this:
|
| 396 |
</p>
|
| 397 |
|
| 398 |
<pre caption="Creating extra initscripts">
|
| 399 |
# <i>cd /etc/init.d</i>
|
| 400 |
# <i>ln -s net.lo net.eth1</i>
|
| 401 |
# <i>rc-update add net.eth1 default</i>
|
| 402 |
</pre>
|
| 403 |
|
| 404 |
</body>
|
| 405 |
</subsection>
|
| 406 |
<subsection>
|
| 407 |
<title>Writing Down Network Information</title>
|
| 408 |
<body>
|
| 409 |
|
| 410 |
<p>
|
| 411 |
You now need to inform Linux about your network. This is defined in
|
| 412 |
<path>/etc/hosts</path> and helps in resolving host names to IP addresses for
|
| 413 |
hosts that aren't resolved by your nameserver. You need to define your system.
|
| 414 |
You may also want to define other systems on your network if you don't want to
|
| 415 |
set up your own internal DNS system.
|
| 416 |
</p>
|
| 417 |
|
| 418 |
<pre caption="Opening /etc/hosts">
|
| 419 |
# <i>nano -w /etc/hosts</i>
|
| 420 |
</pre>
|
| 421 |
|
| 422 |
<pre caption="Filling in the networking information">
|
| 423 |
<comment>(This defines the current system)</comment>
|
| 424 |
127.0.0.1 tux.homenetwork tux localhost
|
| 425 |
|
| 426 |
<comment>(Define extra systems on your network,
|
| 427 |
they need to have a static IP to be defined this way.)</comment>
|
| 428 |
192.168.0.5 jenny.homenetwork jenny
|
| 429 |
192.168.0.6 benny.homenetwork benny
|
| 430 |
</pre>
|
| 431 |
|
| 432 |
<p>
|
| 433 |
Save and exit the editor to continue.
|
| 434 |
</p>
|
| 435 |
|
| 436 |
<p test="func:keyval('arch')='AMD64' or func:keyval('arch')='x86' or substring(func:keyval('arch'),1,3)='PPC'">
|
| 437 |
If you don't have PCMCIA, you can now continue with <uri
|
| 438 |
link="#sysinfo">System Information</uri>. PCMCIA-users should read the
|
| 439 |
following topic on PCMCIA.
|
| 440 |
</p>
|
| 441 |
|
| 442 |
</body>
|
| 443 |
</subsection>
|
| 444 |
<subsection test="func:keyval('arch')='AMD64' or func:keyval('arch')='x86' or substring(func:keyval('arch'),1,3)='PPC'">
|
| 445 |
<title>Optional: Get PCMCIA Working</title>
|
| 446 |
<body>
|
| 447 |
|
| 448 |
<p>
|
| 449 |
PCMCIA users should first install the <c>pcmciautils</c> package.
|
| 450 |
</p>
|
| 451 |
|
| 452 |
<pre caption="Installing pcmciautils">
|
| 453 |
# <i>emerge pcmciautils</i>
|
| 454 |
</pre>
|
| 455 |
|
| 456 |
</body>
|
| 457 |
</subsection>
|
| 458 |
</section>
|
| 459 |
|
| 460 |
<section id="sysinfo">
|
| 461 |
<title>System Information</title>
|
| 462 |
<subsection>
|
| 463 |
<title>Root Password</title>
|
| 464 |
<body>
|
| 465 |
|
| 466 |
<p>
|
| 467 |
First we set the root password by typing:
|
| 468 |
</p>
|
| 469 |
|
| 470 |
<pre caption="Setting the root password">
|
| 471 |
# <i>passwd</i>
|
| 472 |
</pre>
|
| 473 |
|
| 474 |
<p>
|
| 475 |
If you want root to be able to log on through the serial console, add
|
| 476 |
<c>tts/0</c> to <path>/etc/securetty</path>:
|
| 477 |
</p>
|
| 478 |
|
| 479 |
<pre caption="Adding tts/0 to /etc/securetty">
|
| 480 |
# <i>echo "tts/0" >> /etc/securetty</i>
|
| 481 |
</pre>
|
| 482 |
|
| 483 |
</body>
|
| 484 |
</subsection>
|
| 485 |
<subsection>
|
| 486 |
<title>System Information</title>
|
| 487 |
<body>
|
| 488 |
|
| 489 |
<p>
|
| 490 |
Gentoo uses <path>/etc/rc.conf</path> for general, system-wide configuration.
|
| 491 |
Open up <path>/etc/rc.conf</path> and enjoy all the comments in that file :)
|
| 492 |
</p>
|
| 493 |
|
| 494 |
<pre caption="Opening /etc/rc.conf">
|
| 495 |
# <i>nano -w /etc/rc.conf</i>
|
| 496 |
</pre>
|
| 497 |
|
| 498 |
<p>
|
| 499 |
When you're finished configuring <path>/etc/rc.conf</path>, save and exit.
|
| 500 |
</p>
|
| 501 |
|
| 502 |
<p>
|
| 503 |
As you can see, this file is well commented to help you set up the necessary
|
| 504 |
configuration variables. You can configure your system to use unicode and
|
| 505 |
define your default editor and your display manager (like gdm or kdm).
|
| 506 |
</p>
|
| 507 |
|
| 508 |
<p>
|
| 509 |
Gentoo uses <path>/etc/conf.d/keymaps</path> to handle keyboard configuration.
|
| 510 |
Edit it to configure your keyboard.
|
| 511 |
</p>
|
| 512 |
|
| 513 |
<pre caption="Opening /etc/conf.d/keymaps">
|
| 514 |
# <i>nano -w /etc/conf.d/keymaps</i>
|
| 515 |
</pre>
|
| 516 |
|
| 517 |
<p>
|
| 518 |
Take special care with the <c>KEYMAP</c> variable. If you select the wrong
|
| 519 |
<c>KEYMAP</c>, you will get weird results when typing on your keyboard.
|
| 520 |
</p>
|
| 521 |
|
| 522 |
<note test="substring(func:keyval('arch'),1,3)='PPC'">
|
| 523 |
PPC uses x86 keymaps on most systems. Users who want to be able to use ADB
|
| 524 |
keymaps on boot have to enable ADB keycode sendings in their kernel and have to
|
| 525 |
set a mac/ppc keymap in <path>/etc/conf.d/keymaps</path>.
|
| 526 |
</note>
|
| 527 |
|
| 528 |
<p>
|
| 529 |
When you're finished configuring <path>/etc/conf.d/keymaps</path>, save and
|
| 530 |
exit.
|
| 531 |
</p>
|
| 532 |
|
| 533 |
<p>
|
| 534 |
Gentoo uses <path>/etc/conf.d/clock</path> to set clock options. Edit it
|
| 535 |
according to your needs.
|
| 536 |
</p>
|
| 537 |
|
| 538 |
<pre caption="Opening /etc/conf.d/clock">
|
| 539 |
# <i>nano -w /etc/conf.d/clock</i>
|
| 540 |
</pre>
|
| 541 |
|
| 542 |
<p>
|
| 543 |
If your hardware clock is not using UTC, you need to add <c>CLOCK="local"</c>
|
| 544 |
to the file. Otherwise you will notice some clock skew.
|
| 545 |
</p>
|
| 546 |
|
| 547 |
<p>
|
| 548 |
When you're finished configuring <path>/etc/conf.d/clock</path>, save and
|
| 549 |
exit.
|
| 550 |
</p>
|
| 551 |
|
| 552 |
<p test="not(func:keyval('arch')='PPC64')">
|
| 553 |
Please continue with <uri link="?part=1&chap=9">Installing Necessary System
|
| 554 |
Tools</uri>.
|
| 555 |
</p>
|
| 556 |
|
| 557 |
</body>
|
| 558 |
</subsection>
|
| 559 |
<subsection test="func:keyval('arch')='PPC64'">
|
| 560 |
<title>Configuring the Console</title>
|
| 561 |
<body>
|
| 562 |
|
| 563 |
<p>
|
| 564 |
If you are using a virtual console, you must uncomment the appropriate line in
|
| 565 |
<path>/etc/inittab</path> for the virtual console to spawn a login prompt.
|
| 566 |
</p>
|
| 567 |
|
| 568 |
<pre caption="Enabling hvc or hvsi support in /etc/inittab">
|
| 569 |
hvc0:12345:respawn:/sbin/agetty -L 9600 hvc0
|
| 570 |
hvsi:12345:respawn:/sbin/agetty -L 19200 hvsi0
|
| 571 |
</pre>
|
| 572 |
|
| 573 |
<p>
|
| 574 |
You should also take this time to verify that the appropriate console is
|
| 575 |
listed in <path>/etc/securetty</path>.
|
| 576 |
</p>
|
| 577 |
|
| 578 |
<p>
|
| 579 |
You may now continue with <uri link="?part=1&chap=9">Installing Necessary
|
| 580 |
System Tools</uri>.
|
| 581 |
</p>
|
| 582 |
|
| 583 |
</body>
|
| 584 |
</subsection>
|
| 585 |
</section>
|
| 586 |
</sections>
|
Parent Directory
| 
Revision Log