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2<!DOCTYPE sections SYSTEM "/dtd/book.dtd"> 2<!DOCTYPE sections SYSTEM "/dtd/book.dtd">
3 3
4<!-- The content of this document is licensed under the CC-BY-SA license --> 4<!-- The content of this document is licensed under the CC-BY-SA license -->
5<!-- See http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/1.0 --> 5<!-- See http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/1.0 -->
6 6
7<!-- $Header: /var/cvsroot/gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en/handbook/hb-install-config.xml,v 1.20 2004/01/19 18:48:52 swift Exp $ --> 7<!-- $Header: /var/cvsroot/gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en/handbook/hb-install-config.xml,v 1.44 2004/08/29 11:38:12 swift Exp $ -->
8 8
9<sections> 9<sections>
10<section> 10<section>
11<title>Filesystem Information</title> 11<title>Filesystem Information</title>
12<subsection> 12<subsection>
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62 (or <c>0</c> in case a filesystem check isn't necessary). 62 (or <c>0</c> in case a filesystem check isn't necessary).
63</li> 63</li>
64</ul> 64</ul>
65 65
66<p> 66<p>
67The default <path>/etc/fstab</path> file provided by Gentoo <e>is no valid fstab
67So start <c>nano</c> (or your favorite editor) to create your 68file</e>, so start <c>nano</c> (or your favorite editor) to create your
68<path>/etc/fstab</path>: 69<path>/etc/fstab</path>:
69</p> 70</p>
70 71
71<pre caption="Opening /etc/fstab"> 72<pre caption="Opening /etc/fstab">
72# <i>nano -w /etc/fstab</i> 73# <i>nano -w /etc/fstab</i>
73</pre> 74</pre>
74 75
75<p> 76<p>
76Let us take a look at how we write down the options for the <path>/boot</path> 77Let us take a look at how we write down the options for the <path>/boot</path>
77partition. This is just an example, so if your architecture doesn't require a 78partition. This is just an example, so if your architecture doesn't require a
78<path>/boot</path> partition, don't copy it verbatim. 79<path>/boot</path> partition (such as <b>PPC</b>), don't copy it verbatim.
79</p> 80</p>
80 81
81<p> 82<p>
82In our default x86 partitioning example <path>/boot</path> is the 83In our default x86 partitioning example <path>/boot</path> is the
83<path>/dev/hda1</path> partition, with <c>ext2</c> as filesystem. It shouldn't 84<path>/dev/hda1</path> partition, with <c>ext2</c> as filesystem.
84be mounted automatically (<c>noauto</c>) but does need to be checked. So we 85It needs to be checked during boot, so we would write down:
85would write down:
86</p> 86</p>
87 87
88<pre caption="An example /boot line for /etc/fstab"> 88<pre caption="An example /boot line for /etc/fstab">
89/dev/hda1 /boot ext2 noauto 1 2 89/dev/hda1 /boot ext2 defaults 1 2
90</pre>
91
92<p>
93Some users don't want their <path>/boot</path> partition to be mounted
94automatically to improve their system's security. Those people should
95substitute <c>defaults</c> with <c>noauto</c>. This does mean that you need to
96manually mount this partition every time you want to use it.
90</pre> 97</p>
91 98
92<p> 99<p>
93Now, to improve performance, most users would want to add the <c>noatime</c> 100Now, to improve performance, most users would want to add the <c>noatime</c>
94option as mountoption, which results in a faster system since access times 101option as mountoption, which results in a faster system since access times
95aren't registered (you don't need those generally anyway): 102aren't registered (you don't need those generally anyway):
96</p> 103</p>
97 104
98<pre caption="An improved /boot line for /etc/fstab"> 105<pre caption="An improved /boot line for /etc/fstab">
99/dev/hda1 /boot ext2 noauto,noatime 1 2 106/dev/hda1 /boot ext2 defaults,noatime 1 2
100</pre> 107</pre>
101 108
102<p> 109<p>
103If we continue with this, we would end up with the following three lines (for 110If we continue with this, we would end up with the following three lines (for
104<path>/boot</path>, <path>/</path> and the swap partition): 111<path>/boot</path>, <path>/</path> and the swap partition):
105</p> 112</p>
106 113
107<pre caption="Three /etc/fstab lines"> 114<pre caption="Three /etc/fstab lines">
108/dev/hda1 /boot ext2 noauto,noatime 1 2 115/dev/hda1 /boot ext2 defaults,noatime 1 2
109/dev/hda2 none swap sw 0 0 116/dev/hda2 none swap sw 0 0
110/dev/hda3 / ext3 noatime 0 1 117/dev/hda3 / ext3 noatime 0 1
111</pre> 118</pre>
112 119
113<p> 120<p>
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133<c>user</c> makes it possible for non-root users to mount the CD. 140<c>user</c> makes it possible for non-root users to mount the CD.
134</p> 141</p>
135 142
136<p> 143<p>
137Now use the above example to create your <path>/etc/fstab</path>. If you are a 144Now use the above example to create your <path>/etc/fstab</path>. If you are a
138SPARC-user, you should add the following line to your <path>/etc/fstab</path> 145<b>SPARC</b>-user, you should add the following line to your
146<path>/etc/fstab</path>
139too: 147too:
140</p> 148</p>
141 149
142<pre caption="Adding openprom filesystem to /etc/fstab"> 150<pre caption="Adding openprom filesystem to /etc/fstab">
143none /proc/openprom openpromfs defaults 0 0 151none /proc/openprom openpromfs defaults 0 0
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150<pre caption="Adding usbfs filesystem to /etc/fstab"> 158<pre caption="Adding usbfs filesystem to /etc/fstab">
151none /proc/bus/usb usbfs defaults 0 0 159none /proc/bus/usb usbfs defaults 0 0
152</pre> 160</pre>
153 161
154<p> 162<p>
155Reread your <path>/etc/fstab</path>, save and quit to continue. 163Double-check your <path>/etc/fstab</path>, save and quit to continue.
156</p> 164</p>
157 165
158</body> 166</body>
159</subsection> 167</subsection>
160</section> 168</section>
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163<subsection> 171<subsection>
164<title>Hostname, Domainname etc.</title> 172<title>Hostname, Domainname etc.</title>
165<body> 173<body>
166 174
167<p> 175<p>
168One of the choices the user has to make is name his PC. This seems to be quite 176One of the choices the user has to make is name his/her PC. This seems to be
169easy, but <e>lots</e> of users are having difficulties finding the appropriate 177quite easy, but <e>lots</e> of users are having difficulties finding the
170name for their Linux-pc. To speed things up, know that any name you choose can 178appropriate name for their Linux-pc. To speed things up, know that any name you
171be changed afterwards. For all we care, you can just call your system 179choose can be changed afterwards. For all we care, you can just call your system
172<c>tux</c> and domain <c>homenetwork</c>. 180<c>tux</c> and domain <c>homenetwork</c>.
173</p> 181</p>
174 182
175<p> 183<p>
176We use these values in the next examples. First we set the hostname: 184We use these values in the next examples. First we set the hostname:
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242iface_eth0="<i>&lt;your ip address&gt;</i> broadcast <i>&lt;your broadcast address&gt;</i> netmask <i>&lt;your netmask&gt;</i>" 250iface_eth0="<i>&lt;your ip address&gt;</i> broadcast <i>&lt;your broadcast address&gt;</i> netmask <i>&lt;your netmask&gt;</i>"
243</pre> 251</pre>
244 252
245<p> 253<p>
246If you use DHCP (automatic IP retrieval), you should just set <c>iface_eth0</c> 254If you use DHCP (automatic IP retrieval), you should just set <c>iface_eth0</c>
255to <c>dhcp</c>. If you use rp-pppoe (e.g. for ADSL), set it to <c>up</c>.
247to <c>dhcp</c>. However, if you need to setup your network manually and you're 256If you need to setup your network manually and you're
248not familiar with all the above terms, please read the section on <uri 257not familiar with all the above terms, please read the section on <uri
249link="?part=1&amp;chap=3#doc_chap4_sect3">Understanding Network 258link="?part=1&amp;chap=3#network_term">Understanding Network
250Terminology</uri> if you haven't done so already. 259Terminology</uri> if you haven't done so already.
251</p> 260</p>
252 261
253<p> 262<p>
254So let us give two examples; the first one uses DHCP, the second one a static IP 263So let us give three examples; the first one uses DHCP, the second one a static
255(192.168.0.2) with netmask 255.255.255.0, broadcast 192.168.0.255 and gateway 264IP (192.168.0.2) with netmask 255.255.255.0, broadcast 192.168.0.255 and
256192.168.0.1: 265gateway 192.168.0.1 while the third one just activates the interface for
266rp-pppoe usage:
257</p> 267</p>
258 268
259<pre caption="Examples for /etc/conf.d/net"> 269<pre caption="Examples for /etc/conf.d/net">
260<comment>(For DHCP:)</comment> 270<comment>(For DHCP)</comment>
261iface_eth0="dhcp" 271iface_eth0="dhcp"
272<comment># Some network admins require that you use the</comment>
273<comment># hostname and domainname provided by the DHCP server.</comment>
274<comment># In that case, add the following to let dhcpcd use them.</comment>
275<comment># That will override your own hostname and domainname definitions.</comment>
276dhcpcd_eth0="-HD"
277<comment># If you intend on using NTP to keep your machine clock synchronized, use</comment>
278<comment># the -N option to prevent dhcpcd from overwriting your /etc/ntp.conf file</comment>
279dhcpcd_eth0="-N"
262 280
263<comment>(For static IP:)</comment> 281<comment>(For static IP)</comment>
264iface_eth0="192.168.0.2 broadcast 192.168.0.255 netmask 255.255.255.0" 282iface_eth0="192.168.0.2 broadcast 192.168.0.255 netmask 255.255.255.0"
265gateway="eth0/192.168.0.1" 283gateway="eth0/192.168.0.1"
284
285<comment>(For rp-pppoe)</comment>
286iface_eth0="up"
266</pre> 287</pre>
267 288
268<p> 289<p>
269If you have several network interfaces, create extra <c>iface_eth</c> variables, 290If you have several network interfaces, create extra <c>iface_eth</c> variables,
270like <c>iface_eth1</c>, <c>iface_eth2</c> etc. The <c>gateway</c> variable 291like <c>iface_eth1</c>, <c>iface_eth2</c> etc. The <c>gateway</c> variable
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322# <i>nano -w /etc/hosts</i> 343# <i>nano -w /etc/hosts</i>
323</pre> 344</pre>
324 345
325<pre caption="Filling in the networking information"> 346<pre caption="Filling in the networking information">
326127.0.0.1 localhost 347127.0.0.1 localhost
327192.168.0.5 jenny 348192.168.0.5 jenny.homenetwork jenny
328192.168.0.6 benny 349192.168.0.6 benny.homenetwork benny
329192.168.0.7 tux 350192.168.0.7 tux.homenetwork tux
330</pre> 351</pre>
331 352
332<p> 353<p>
333If your system is the only system (or the nameservers handle all name 354If your system is the only system (or the nameservers handle all name
334resolution) a single line is sufficient: 355resolution) a single line is sufficient. For instance, if you want to call your
356system <c>tux.homenetwork</c>:
335</p> 357</p>
336 358
337<pre caption="/etc/hosts for lonely or fully integrated PCs"> 359<pre caption="/etc/hosts for lonely or fully integrated PCs">
338127.0.0.1 localhost tux 360127.0.0.1 tux.homenetwork tux localhost
339</pre> 361</pre>
340 362
341<p> 363<p>
342Save and exit the editor to continue. 364Save and exit the editor to continue.
343</p> 365</p>
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352</subsection> 374</subsection>
353<subsection> 375<subsection>
354<title>Optional: Get PCMCIA Working</title> 376<title>Optional: Get PCMCIA Working</title>
355<body> 377<body>
356 378
379<note>
380pcmcia-cs is only available for x86, amd64 and ppc platforms.
381</note>
382
357<p> 383<p>
358PCMCIA-users should first install the <c>pcmcia-cs</c> package: 384PCMCIA-users should first install the <c>pcmcia-cs</c> package. The
385<c>USE="-X"</c> is necessary to avoid installing xorg-x11 at this moment:
359</p> 386</p>
360 387
361<pre caption="Installing pcmcia-cs"> 388<pre caption="Installing pcmcia-cs">
362# <i>emerge --usepkg pcmcia-cs</i> 389# <i>USE="-X" emerge pcmcia-cs</i>
363</pre> 390</pre>
364 391
365<p> 392<p>
366When <c>pcmcia-cs</c> is installed, add <c>pcmcia</c> to the <e>default</e> 393When <c>pcmcia-cs</c> is installed, add <c>pcmcia</c> to the <e>default</e>
367runlevel: 394runlevel:
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373 400
374</body> 401</body>
375</subsection> 402</subsection>
376</section> 403</section>
377<section> 404<section>
405<title>System Information</title>
406<subsection>
407<title>Root Password</title>
408<body>
409
410<p>
411First we set the root password by typing:
412</p>
413
414<pre caption="Setting the root password">
415# <i>passwd</i>
416</pre>
417
418<p>
419If you want root to be able to log on through the serial console, add
420<c>tts/0</c> to <path>/etc/securetty</path>:
421</p>
422
423<pre caption="Adding tts/0 to /etc/securetty">
424# <i>echo "tts/0" &gt;&gt; /etc/securetty</i>
425</pre>
426
427</body>
428</subsection>
429<subsection>
378<title>System Information</title> 430<title>System Information</title>
379<body> 431<body>
380 432
381<p> 433<p>
382Gentoo uses <path>/etc/rc.conf</path> for general, system-wide configuration. 434Gentoo uses <path>/etc/rc.conf</path> for general, system-wide configuration.
… …
393you select the wrong <c>KEYMAP</c> you will get weird results when typing on 445you select the wrong <c>KEYMAP</c> you will get weird results when typing on
394your keyboard. 446your keyboard.
395</p> 447</p>
396 448
397<note> 449<note>
398Users of USB-based SPARC systems and SPARC clones might need to select an i386 450Users of USB-based <b>SPARC</b> systems and <b>SPARC</b> clones might need to
399keymap (such as "us") instead of "sunkeymap". 451select an i386 keymap (such as "us") instead of "sunkeymap".
400</note> 452</note>
401 453
402<p> 454<p>
455<b>PPC</b> uses x86 keymaps on most systems. Users who want to be able to use
456ADB keymaps on boot have to enable ADB keycode sendings in their kernel and have
457to set a mac/ppc keymap in <path>rc.conf</path>.
458</p>
459
460<p>
403When you're finished configuring <path>/etc/rc.conf</path>, save and exit, then 461When you're finished configuring <path>/etc/rc.conf</path>, save and exit, then
404continue with <uri link="?part=1&amp;chap=9">Configuring the Bootloader</uri>. 462continue with <uri link="?part=1&amp;chap=9">Installing Necessary System
463Tools</uri>.
405</p> 464</p>
406 465
407</body> 466</body>
467</subsection>
408</section> 468</section>
409</sections> 469</sections>
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