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1<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?> 1<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?>
2<!DOCTYPE sections SYSTEM "/dtd/book.dtd"> 2<!DOCTYPE sections SYSTEM "/dtd/book.dtd">
3 3
4<!-- The content of this document is licensed under the CC-BY-SA license --> 4<!-- The content of this document is licensed under the CC-BY-SA license -->
5<!-- See http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/1.0 --> 5<!-- See http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5 -->
6 6
7<!-- $Header: /var/cvsroot/gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en/handbook/hb-install-config.xml,v 1.67 2005/06/24 18:47:21 fox2mike Exp $ --> 7<!-- $Header: /var/cvsroot/gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en/handbook/hb-install-config.xml,v 1.78 2006/05/27 13:02:15 neysx Exp $ -->
8 8
9<sections> 9<sections>
10 10
11<version>2.9</version> 11<version>2.19</version>
12<date>2005-06-24</date> 12<date>2006-05-27</date>
13 13
14<section> 14<section>
15<title>Filesystem Information</title> 15<title>Filesystem Information</title>
16<subsection> 16<subsection>
17<title>What is fstab?</title> 17<title>What is fstab?</title>
… …
66 (or <c>0</c> if a filesystem check isn't necessary). 66 (or <c>0</c> if a filesystem check isn't necessary).
67</li> 67</li>
68</ul> 68</ul>
69 69
70<p> 70<p>
71The default <path>/etc/fstab</path> file provided by Gentoo <e>is no valid fstab 71The default <path>/etc/fstab</path> file provided by Gentoo <e>is not a valid
72file</e>, so start <c>nano</c> (or your favorite editor) to create your 72fstab file</e>, so start <c>nano</c> (or your favorite editor) to create your
73<path>/etc/fstab</path>: 73<path>/etc/fstab</path>:
74</p> 74</p>
75 75
76<pre caption="Opening /etc/fstab"> 76<pre caption="Opening /etc/fstab">
77# <i>nano -w /etc/fstab</i> 77# <i>nano -w /etc/fstab</i>
78</pre> 78</pre>
79 79
80<p> 80<p>
81Let us take a look at how we write down the options for the <path>/boot</path> 81Let us take a look at how we write down the options for the <path>/boot</path>
82partition. This is just an example, so if your architecture doesn't require a 82partition. This is just an example, so if your architecture doesn't require a
83<path>/boot</path> partition (such as <b>PPC</b>), don't copy it verbatim. 83<path>/boot</path> partition (such as Apple <b>PPC</b> machines), don't copy it
84verbatim.
84</p> 85</p>
85 86
86<p> 87<p>
87In our default x86 partitioning example <path>/boot</path> is the 88In our default x86 partitioning example <path>/boot</path> is the
88<path>/dev/hda1</path> partition, with <c>ext2</c> as filesystem. 89<path>/dev/hda1</path> partition, with <c>ext2</c> as filesystem.
… …
208 209
209<comment>(Set the NISDOMAIN variable to your NIS domain name)</comment> 210<comment>(Set the NISDOMAIN variable to your NIS domain name)</comment>
210NISDOMAIN="<i>my-nisdomain</i>" 211NISDOMAIN="<i>my-nisdomain</i>"
211</pre> 212</pre>
212 213
213<p>
214Now add the <c>domainname</c> script to the default runlevel:
215</p>
216
217<pre caption="Adding domainname to the default runlevel">
218# <i>rc-update add domainname default</i>
219</pre>
220
221</body> 214</body>
222</subsection> 215</subsection>
223<subsection> 216<subsection>
224<title>Configuring your Network</title> 217<title>Configuring your Network</title>
225<body> 218<body>
… …
231your Gentoo system permanently. 224your Gentoo system permanently.
232</p> 225</p>
233 226
234<note> 227<note>
235More detailed information about networking, including advanced topics like 228More detailed information about networking, including advanced topics like
236bonding, bridging, 802.11q VLANs or wireless networking is covered in the <uri 229bonding, bridging, 802.1Q VLANs or wireless networking is covered in the <uri
237link="?part=4">Gentoo Network Configuration</uri> section. 230link="?part=4">Gentoo Network Configuration</uri> section.
238</note> 231</note>
239 232
240<p> 233<p>
241All networking information is gathered in <path>/etc/conf.d/net</path>. It uses 234All networking information is gathered in <path>/etc/conf.d/net</path>. It uses
242a straightforward yet not intuitive syntax if you don't know how to set up 235a straightforward yet not intuitive syntax if you don't know how to set up
243networking manually. But don't fear, we'll explain everything :) 236networking manually. But don't fear, we'll explain everything. A fully
244</p> 237commented example that covers many different configurations is available in
245 238<path>/etc/conf.d/net.example</path>.
246<p> 239</p>
240
241<p>
242DHCP is used by default and does not require any further configuration.
243</p>
244
245<p>
246If you need to configure your network connection either because you need
247specific DHCP options or because you do not use DHCP at all, open
247First open <path>/etc/conf.d/net</path> with your favorite editor (<c>nano</c> 248<path>/etc/conf.d/net</path> with your favorite editor (<c>nano</c> is used in
248is used in this example): 249this example):
249</p> 250</p>
250 251
251<pre caption="Opening /etc/conf.d/net for editing"> 252<pre caption="Opening /etc/conf.d/net for editing">
252# <i>nano -w /etc/conf.d/net</i> 253# <i>nano -w /etc/conf.d/net</i>
253</pre> 254</pre>
254 255
255<p> 256<p>
256The first variable you'll find is called <c>config_eth0</c>. As you can probably 257You will see the following file:
257imagine, this variable configured the eth0 network interface. If the interface 258</p>
258needs to automatically obtain an IP address through DHCP, you should set it 259
259like so: 260<pre caption="Default /etc/conf.d/net">
261# This blank configuration will automatically use DHCP for any net.*
262# scripts in /etc/init.d. To create a more complete configuration,
263# please review /etc/conf.d/net.example and save your configuration
264# in /etc/conf.d/net (this file :]!).
265</pre>
266
267<p>
268To enter your own IP address, netmask and gateway, you need
269to set both <c>config_eth0</c> and <c>routes_eth0</c>:
270</p>
271
272<pre caption="Manually setting IP information for eth0">
273config_eth0=( "192.168.0.2 netmask 255.255.255.0 brd 192.168.0.255" )
274routes_eth0=( "default gw 192.168.0.1" )
275</pre>
276
277<p>
278To use DHCP and add specific DHCP options, define <c>config_eth0</c> and
279<c>dhcp_eth0</c>:
260</p> 280</p>
261 281
262<pre caption="Automatically obtaining an IP address for eth0"> 282<pre caption="Automatically obtaining an IP address for eth0">
263config_eth0=( "dhcp" ) 283config_eth0=( "dhcp" )
284dhcp_eth0="nodns nontp nonis"
264</pre> 285</pre>
265 286
266<p>
267However, if you have to enter your own IP address, netmask and gateway, you need
268to set both <c>config_eth0</c> and <c>routes_eth0</c>:
269</p> 287<p>
270 288Please read <path>/etc/conf.d/net.example</path> for a list of all available
271<pre caption="Manually setting IP information for eth0"> 289options.
272config_eth0=( "192.168.0.2 netmask 255.255.255.0" )
273routes_eth0=( "default gw 192.168.0.1" )
274</pre> 290</p>
275 291
276<p> 292<p>
277If you have several network interfaces repeat the above steps for 293If you have several network interfaces repeat the above steps for
278<c>config_eth1</c>, <c>config_eth2</c>, etc. 294<c>config_eth1</c>, <c>config_eth2</c>, etc.
279</p> 295</p>
… …
316<title>Writing Down Network Information</title> 332<title>Writing Down Network Information</title>
317<body> 333<body>
318 334
319<p> 335<p>
320You now need to inform Linux about your network. This is defined in 336You now need to inform Linux about your network. This is defined in
321<path>/etc/hosts</path> and helps in resolving hostnames to IP addresses 337<path>/etc/hosts</path> and helps in resolving hostnames to IP addresses for
322for hosts that aren't resolved by your nameserver. For instance, if your 338hosts that aren't resolved by your nameserver. You need to define your system.
323internal network consists of three PCs called <c>jenny</c> (192.168.0.5), 339You may also want to define other systems on your network if you don't want to
324<c>benny</c> (192.168.0.6) and <c>tux</c> (192.168.0.7 - this system) you would 340set up your own internal DNS system.
325open <path>/etc/hosts</path> and fill in the values:
326</p> 341</p>
327 342
328<pre caption="Opening /etc/hosts"> 343<pre caption="Opening /etc/hosts">
329# <i>nano -w /etc/hosts</i> 344# <i>nano -w /etc/hosts</i>
330</pre> 345</pre>
331 346
332<pre caption="Filling in the networking information"> 347<pre caption="Filling in the networking information">
333127.0.0.1 localhost 348<comment>(This defines the current system)</comment>
349127.0.0.1 tux.homenetwork tux localhost
350
351<comment>(Define extra systems on your network,
352they need to have a static IP to be defined this way.)</comment>
334192.168.0.5 jenny.homenetwork jenny 353192.168.0.5 jenny.homenetwork jenny
335192.168.0.6 benny.homenetwork benny 354192.168.0.6 benny.homenetwork benny
336192.168.0.7 tux.homenetwork tux
337</pre>
338
339<p>
340If your system is the only system (or the nameservers handle all name
341resolution) a single line is sufficient. For instance, if you want to call your
342system <c>tux</c>:
343</p>
344
345<pre caption="/etc/hosts for lonely or fully integrated PCs">
346127.0.0.1 localhost tux
347</pre> 355</pre>
348 356
349<p> 357<p>
350Save and exit the editor to continue. 358Save and exit the editor to continue.
351</p> 359</p>
… …
431When you're finished configuring <path>/etc/rc.conf</path>, save and exit. 439When you're finished configuring <path>/etc/rc.conf</path>, save and exit.
432</p> 440</p>
433 441
434<p> 442<p>
435As you can see, this file is well commented to help you set up the necessary 443As you can see, this file is well commented to help you set up the necessary
436configuration variables. Among other settings, you can configure your console 444configuration variables. You can configure your system to use unicode and
437fonts, your default editor and your display manager (like gdm or kdm). 445define your default editor and your display manager (like gdm or kdm).
438</p> 446</p>
439 447
440<p> 448<p>
441Gentoo uses <path>/etc/conf.d/keymaps</path> to handle keyboard configuration. 449Gentoo uses <path>/etc/conf.d/keymaps</path> to handle keyboard configuration.
442Edit it to configure your keyboard. 450Edit it to configure your keyboard.
… …
451<c>KEYMAP</c>, you will get weird results when typing on your keyboard. 459<c>KEYMAP</c>, you will get weird results when typing on your keyboard.
452</p> 460</p>
453 461
454<note> 462<note>
455Users of USB-based <b>SPARC</b> systems and <b>SPARC</b> clones might need to 463Users of USB-based <b>SPARC</b> systems and <b>SPARC</b> clones might need to
456select an i386 keymap (such as "us") instead of "sunkeymap". 464select an i386 keymap (such as "us") instead of "sunkeymap". <b>PPC</b> uses x86
465keymaps on most systems. Users who want to be able to use ADB keymaps on boot
466have to enable ADB keycode sendings in their kernel and have to set a mac/ppc
467keymap in <path>/etc/conf.d/keymaps</path>.
457</note> 468</note>
458
459<p>
460<b>PPC</b> uses x86 keymaps on most systems. Users who want to be able to use
461ADB keymaps on boot have to enable ADB keycode sendings in their kernel and have
462to set a mac/ppc keymap in <path>/etc/conf.d/keymaps</path>.
463</p>
464 469
465<p> 470<p>
466When you're finished configuring <path>/etc/conf.d/keymaps</path>, save and 471When you're finished configuring <path>/etc/conf.d/keymaps</path>, save and
467exit. 472exit.
468</p> 473</p>
… …
476# <i>nano -w /etc/conf.d/clock</i> 481# <i>nano -w /etc/conf.d/clock</i>
477</pre> 482</pre>
478 483
479<p> 484<p>
480If your hardware clock is not using UTC, you need to add <c>CLOCK="local"</c> to 485If your hardware clock is not using UTC, you need to add <c>CLOCK="local"</c> to
481the file. Otherwise you will notice some clock skew. 486the file. Otherwise you will notice some clock skew. Furthermore, Windows
487assumes that your hardware clock uses local time, so if you want to dualboot,
488you should set this variable appropriately, otherwise your clock will go crazy.
482</p> 489</p>
483 490
484<p> 491<p>
485When you're finished configuring <path>/etc/conf.d/clock</path>, save and 492When you're finished configuring <path>/etc/conf.d/clock</path>, save and
486exit. 493exit.
487</p> 494</p>
488 495
489<p> 496<p>
490If you are not installing Gentoo on an IBM POWER5 or JS20 system, continue with 497If you are not installing Gentoo on IBM PPC64 hardware, continue with
491<uri link="?part=1&amp;chap=9">Installing Necessary System Tools</uri>. 498<uri link="?part=1&amp;chap=9">Installing Necessary System Tools</uri>.
492</p> 499</p>
493 500
494</body> 501</body>
495</subsection> 502</subsection>
496<subsection> 503<subsection>
497<title>Configuring the Console</title> 504<title>Configuring the Console</title>
498<body> 505<body>
499 506
500<note> 507<note>
501The following section applies to the IBM POWER5 and JS20 hardware platforms. 508The following section applies to the IBM PPC64 hardware platforms.
502</note> 509</note>
503 510
504<p> 511<p>
505If you are running Gentoo in an LPAR or on a JS20 blade, you must uncomment 512If you are running Gentoo on IBM PPC64 hardware and using a virtual console
506the hvc line in /etc/inittab for the virtual console to spawn a login prompt. 513you must uncomment the appropriate line in <path>/etc/inittab</path> for the
514virtual console to spawn a login prompt.
507</p> 515</p>
508 516
509<pre caption="Enabling hvc support in /etc/inittab"> 517<pre caption="Enabling hvc or hvsi support in /etc/inittab">
510hvc:12345:respawn:/sbin/agetty -nl /bin/bashlogin 9600 hvc0 vt220 518hvc0:12345:respawn:/sbin/agetty -L 9600 hvc0
519hvsi:12345:respawn:/sbin/agetty -L 19200 hvsi0
520</pre>
521
522<p>
523You should also take this time to verify that the appropriate console is
524listed in <path>/etc/securetty</path>.
511</pre> 525</p>
512 526
513<p> 527<p>
514You may now continue with <uri link="?part=1&amp;chap=9">Installing Necessary 528You may now continue with <uri link="?part=1&amp;chap=9">Installing Necessary
515System Tools</uri>. 529System Tools</uri>.
516</p> 530</p>
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