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1<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?> 1<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?>
2<!DOCTYPE sections SYSTEM "/dtd/book.dtd"> 2<!DOCTYPE sections SYSTEM "/dtd/book.dtd">
3 3
4<!-- The content of this document is licensed under the CC-BY-SA license --> 4<!-- The content of this document is licensed under the CC-BY-SA license -->
5<!-- See http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/1.0 --> 5<!-- See http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5 -->
6 6
7<!-- $Header: /var/cvsroot/gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en/handbook/hb-install-config.xml,v 1.49 2004/10/23 11:04:27 swift Exp $ --> 7<!-- $Header: /var/cvsroot/gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en/handbook/hb-install-config.xml,v 1.72 2005/08/15 09:00:27 swift Exp $ -->
8 8
9<sections> 9<sections>
10
11<version>2.13</version>
12<date>2005-08-15</date>
13
10<section> 14<section>
11<title>Filesystem Information</title> 15<title>Filesystem Information</title>
12<subsection> 16<subsection>
13<title>What is fstab?</title> 17<title>What is fstab?</title>
14<body> 18<body>
… …
122(required) and for your CD-ROM drive (and of course, if you have other 126(required) and for your CD-ROM drive (and of course, if you have other
123partitions or drives, for those too): 127partitions or drives, for those too):
124</p> 128</p>
125 129
126<pre caption="A full /etc/fstab example"> 130<pre caption="A full /etc/fstab example">
127/dev/hda1 /boot ext2 noauto,noatime 1 2 131/dev/hda1 /boot ext2 defaults,noatime 1 2
128/dev/hda2 none swap sw 0 0 132/dev/hda2 none swap sw 0 0
129/dev/hda3 / ext3 noatime 0 1 133/dev/hda3 / ext3 noatime 0 1
130 134
131none /proc proc defaults 0 0 135none /proc proc defaults 0 0
132none /dev/shm tmpfs nodev,nosuid,noexec 0 0 136none /dev/shm tmpfs nodev,nosuid,noexec 0 0
… …
147too: 151too:
148</p> 152</p>
149 153
150<pre caption="Adding openprom filesystem to /etc/fstab"> 154<pre caption="Adding openprom filesystem to /etc/fstab">
151none /proc/openprom openpromfs defaults 0 0 155none /proc/openprom openpromfs defaults 0 0
152</pre>
153
154<p>
155If you need <c>usbfs</c>, add the following line to <path>/etc/fstab</path>:
156</p>
157
158<pre caption="Adding usbfs filesystem to /etc/fstab">
159none /proc/bus/usb usbfs defaults 0 0
160</pre> 156</pre>
161 157
162<p> 158<p>
163Double-check your <path>/etc/fstab</path>, save and quit to continue. 159Double-check your <path>/etc/fstab</path>, save and quit to continue.
164</p> 160</p>
… …
183<p> 179<p>
184We use these values in the next examples. First we set the hostname: 180We use these values in the next examples. First we set the hostname:
185</p> 181</p>
186 182
187<pre caption="Setting the hostname"> 183<pre caption="Setting the hostname">
188# <i>echo tux &gt; /etc/hostname</i> 184# <i>nano -w /etc/conf.d/hostname</i>
185
186<comment>(Set the HOSTNAME variable to your hostname)</comment>
187HOSTNAME="<i>tux</i>"
189</pre> 188</pre>
190 189
191<p> 190<p>
192Second we set the domainname: 191Second we set the domainname:
193</p> 192</p>
194 193
195<pre caption="Setting the domainname"> 194<pre caption="Setting the domainname">
196# <i>echo homenetwork &gt; /etc/dnsdomainname</i> 195# <i>nano -w /etc/conf.d/domainname</i>
196
197<comment>(Set the DNSDOMAIN variable to your domain name)</comment>
198DNSDOMAIN="<i>homenetwork</i>"
197</pre> 199</pre>
198 200
199<p> 201<p>
200If you have a NIS domain (if you don't know what that is, then you don't have 202If you have a NIS domain (if you don't know what that is, then you don't have
201one), you need to define that one too: 203one), you need to define that one too:
202</p> 204</p>
203 205
204<pre caption="Setting the NIS domainname"> 206<pre caption="Setting the NIS domainname">
205# <i>echo nis.homenetwork &gt; /etc/nisdomainname</i> 207# <i>nano -w /etc/conf.d/domainname</i>
208
209<comment>(Set the NISDOMAIN variable to your NIS domain name)</comment>
210NISDOMAIN="<i>my-nisdomain</i>"
206</pre> 211</pre>
207 212
208<p> 213<p>
209Now add the <c>domainname</c> script to the default runlevel: 214Now add the <c>domainname</c> script to the default runlevel:
210</p> 215</p>
… …
219<title>Configuring your Network</title> 224<title>Configuring your Network</title>
220<body> 225<body>
221 226
222<p> 227<p>
223Before you get that "Hey, we've had that already"-feeling, you should remember 228Before you get that "Hey, we've had that already"-feeling, you should remember
224that the networking you set up in the beginning of the gentoo installation was 229that the networking you set up in the beginning of the Gentoo installation was
225just for the installation. Right now you are going to configure networking for 230just for the installation. Right now you are going to configure networking for
226your Gentoo system permanently. 231your Gentoo system permanently.
227</p> 232</p>
228 233
234<note>
235More detailed information about networking, including advanced topics like
236bonding, bridging, 802.1Q VLANs or wireless networking is covered in the <uri
237link="?part=4">Gentoo Network Configuration</uri> section.
238</note>
239
229<p> 240<p>
230All networking information is gathered in <path>/etc/conf.d/net</path>. It uses 241All networking information is gathered in <path>/etc/conf.d/net</path>. It uses
231a straightforward yet not intuitive syntax if you don't know how to set up 242a straightforward yet not intuitive syntax if you don't know how to set up
232networking manually. But don't fear, we'll explain everything :) 243networking manually. But don't fear, we'll explain everything. A fully
233</p> 244commented example that covers many different configurations is available in
234 245<path>/etc/conf.d/net.example</path>.
235<p> 246</p>
247
248<p>
249DHCP is used by default and does not require any further configuration.
250</p>
251
252<p>
253If you need to configure your network connection either because you need
254specific DHCP options or because you do not use DHCP at all, open
236First open <path>/etc/conf.d/net</path> with your favorite editor (<c>nano</c> 255<path>/etc/conf.d/net</path> with your favorite editor (<c>nano</c> is used in
237is used in this example): 256this example):
238</p> 257</p>
239 258
240<pre caption="Opening /etc/conf.d/net for editing"> 259<pre caption="Opening /etc/conf.d/net for editing">
241# <i>nano -w /etc/conf.d/net</i> 260# <i>nano -w /etc/conf.d/net</i>
242</pre> 261</pre>
243 262
244<p> 263<p>
245The first variable you'll find is <c>iface_eth0</c>. It uses the following 264You will see the following file:
246syntax:
247</p>
248
249<pre caption="iface_eth0 syntaxis">
250iface_eth0="<i>&lt;your ip address&gt;</i> broadcast <i>&lt;your broadcast address&gt;</i> netmask <i>&lt;your netmask&gt;</i>"
251</pre>
252
253<p> 265</p>
254If you use DHCP (automatic IP retrieval), you should just set <c>iface_eth0</c> 266
255to <c>dhcp</c>. If you use rp-pppoe (e.g. for ADSL), set it to <c>up</c>. 267<pre caption="Default /etc/conf.d/net">
256If you need to set up your network manually and you're 268# This blank configuration will automatically use DHCP for any net.*
257not familiar with all the above terms, please read the section on <uri 269# scripts in /etc/init.d. To create a more complete configuration,
258link="?part=1&amp;chap=3#network_term">Understanding Network 270# please review /etc/conf.d/net.example and save your configuration
259Terminology</uri> if you haven't done so already. 271# in /etc/conf.d/net (this file :]!).
272</pre>
273
260</p> 274<p>
261 275To enter your own IP address, netmask and gateway, you need
276to set both <c>config_eth0</c> and <c>routes_eth0</c>:
262<p> 277</p>
263So let us give three examples; the first one uses DHCP, the second one a static 278
264IP (192.168.0.2) with netmask 255.255.255.0, broadcast 192.168.0.255 and 279<pre caption="Manually setting IP information for eth0">
265gateway 192.168.0.1 while the third one just activates the interface for 280config_eth0=( "192.168.0.2 netmask 255.255.255.0" )
266rp-pppoe usage: 281routes_eth0=( "default gw 192.168.0.1" )
282</pre>
283
267</p> 284<p>
268 285To use DHCP and add specific DHCP options, define <c>config_eth0</c> and
269<pre caption="Examples for /etc/conf.d/net"> 286<c>dhcp_eth0</c>:
270<comment>(For DHCP)</comment>
271iface_eth0="dhcp"
272<comment># Some network admins require that you use the</comment>
273<comment># hostname and domainname provided by the DHCP server.</comment>
274<comment># In that case, add the following to let dhcpcd use them.</comment>
275<comment># That will override your own hostname and domainname definitions.</comment>
276dhcpcd_eth0="-HD"
277<comment># If you intend on using NTP to keep your machine clock synchronized, use</comment>
278<comment># the -N option to prevent dhcpcd from overwriting your /etc/ntp.conf file</comment>
279dhcpcd_eth0="-N"
280
281<comment>(For static IP)</comment>
282iface_eth0="192.168.0.2 broadcast 192.168.0.255 netmask 255.255.255.0"
283gateway="eth0/192.168.0.1"
284
285<comment>(For rp-pppoe)</comment>
286iface_eth0="up"
287</pre>
288
289<p> 287</p>
290If you have several network interfaces, create extra <c>iface_eth</c> variables, 288
291like <c>iface_eth1</c>, <c>iface_eth2</c> etc. The <c>gateway</c> variable 289<pre caption="Automatically obtaining an IP address for eth0">
292shouldn't be reproduced as you can only set one gateway per computer. 290config_eth0=( "dhcp" )
291dhcp_eth0="nodns nontp nonis"
292</pre>
293
294<p>
295Please read <path>/etc/conf.d/net.example</path> for a list of all available
296options.
297</p>
298
299<p>
300If you have several network interfaces repeat the above steps for
301<c>config_eth1</c>, <c>config_eth2</c>, etc.
293</p> 302</p>
294 303
295<p> 304<p>
296Now save the configuration and exit to continue. 305Now save the configuration and exit to continue.
297</p> 306</p>
… …
351</pre> 360</pre>
352 361
353<p> 362<p>
354If your system is the only system (or the nameservers handle all name 363If your system is the only system (or the nameservers handle all name
355resolution) a single line is sufficient. For instance, if you want to call your 364resolution) a single line is sufficient. For instance, if you want to call your
356system <c>tux.homenetwork</c>: 365system <c>tux</c>:
357</p> 366</p>
358 367
359<pre caption="/etc/hosts for lonely or fully integrated PCs"> 368<pre caption="/etc/hosts for lonely or fully integrated PCs">
360127.0.0.1 tux.homenetwork tux localhost 369127.0.0.1 localhost tux
361</pre> 370</pre>
362 371
363<p> 372<p>
364Save and exit the editor to continue. 373Save and exit the editor to continue.
365</p> 374</p>
… …
440<pre caption="Opening /etc/rc.conf"> 449<pre caption="Opening /etc/rc.conf">
441# <i>nano -w /etc/rc.conf</i> 450# <i>nano -w /etc/rc.conf</i>
442</pre> 451</pre>
443 452
444<p> 453<p>
454When you're finished configuring <path>/etc/rc.conf</path>, save and exit.
455</p>
456
457<p>
445As you can see, this file is well commented to help you set up the necessary 458As you can see, this file is well commented to help you set up the necessary
446configuration variables. Take special care with the <c>KEYMAP</c> setting: if 459configuration variables. You can configure your system to use unicode and
447you select the wrong <c>KEYMAP</c> you will get weird results when typing on 460define your default editor and your display manager (like gdm or kdm).
448your keyboard. 461</p>
462
463<p>
464Gentoo uses <path>/etc/conf.d/keymaps</path> to handle keyboard configuration.
465Edit it to configure your keyboard.
466</p>
467
468<pre caption="Opening /etc/conf.d/keymaps">
469# <i>nano -w /etc/conf.d/keymaps</i>
470</pre>
471
472<p>
473Take special care with the <c>KEYMAP</c> variable. If you select the wrong
474<c>KEYMAP</c>, you will get weird results when typing on your keyboard.
449</p> 475</p>
450 476
451<note> 477<note>
452Users of USB-based <b>SPARC</b> systems and <b>SPARC</b> clones might need to 478Users of USB-based <b>SPARC</b> systems and <b>SPARC</b> clones might need to
453select an i386 keymap (such as "us") instead of "sunkeymap". 479select an i386 keymap (such as "us") instead of "sunkeymap". <b>PPC</b> uses x86
480keymaps on most systems. Users who want to be able to use ADB keymaps on boot
481have to enable ADB keycode sendings in their kernel and have to set a mac/ppc
482keymap in <path>/etc/conf.d/keymaps</path>.
454</note> 483</note>
455 484
456<p> 485<p>
457<b>PPC</b> uses x86 keymaps on most systems. Users who want to be able to use 486When you're finished configuring <path>/etc/conf.d/keymaps</path>, save and
458ADB keymaps on boot have to enable ADB keycode sendings in their kernel and have 487exit.
459to set a mac/ppc keymap in <path>rc.conf</path>.
460</p>
461
462<p> 488</p>
489
490<p>
491Gentoo uses <path>/etc/conf.d/clock</path> to set clock options. Edit it
492according to your needs.
493</p>
494
495<pre caption="Opening /etc/conf.d/clock">
496# <i>nano -w /etc/conf.d/clock</i>
497</pre>
498
499<p>
500If your hardware clock is not using UTC, you need to add <c>CLOCK="local"</c> to
501the file. Otherwise you will notice some clock skew.
502</p>
503
504<p>
463When you're finished configuring <path>/etc/rc.conf</path>, save and exit, then 505When you're finished configuring <path>/etc/conf.d/clock</path>, save and
506exit.
507</p>
508
509<p>
510If you are not installing Gentoo on IBM PPC64 hardware, continue with
511<uri link="?part=1&amp;chap=9">Installing Necessary System Tools</uri>.
512</p>
513
514</body>
515</subsection>
516<subsection>
517<title>Configuring the Console</title>
518<body>
519
520<note>
521The following section applies to the IBM PPC64 hardware platforms.
522</note>
523
524<p>
525If you are running Gentoo on IBM PPC64 hardware and using a virtual console
526you must uncomment the appropriate line in <path>/etc/inittab</path> for the
527virtual console to spawn a login prompt.
528</p>
529
530<pre caption="Enabling hvc or hvsi support in /etc/inittab">
531hvc0:12345:respawn:/sbin/agetty -L 9600 hvc0
532hvsi:12345:respawn:/sbin/agetty -L 19200 hvsi0
533</pre>
534
535<p>
536You should also take this time to verify that the appropriate console is
537listed in <path>/etc/securetty</path>.
538</p>
539
540<p>
464continue with <uri link="?part=1&amp;chap=9">Installing Necessary System 541You may now continue with <uri link="?part=1&amp;chap=9">Installing Necessary
465Tools</uri>. 542System Tools</uri>.
466</p> 543</p>
467 544
468</body> 545</body>
469</subsection> 546</subsection>
470</section> 547</section>
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