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2	<!DOCTYPE sections SYSTEM "/dtd/book.dtd">	2	<!DOCTYPE sections SYSTEM "/dtd/book.dtd">
3		3
4	<!-- The content of this document is licensed under the CC-BY-SA license -->	4	<!-- The content of this document is licensed under the CC-BY-SA license -->
5	<!-- See http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5 -->	5	<!-- See http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5 -->
6		6
7	<!-- $Header: /var/cvsroot/gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en/handbook/hb-install-config.xml,v 1.81 2006/08/30 22:52:28 nightmorph Exp $ -->	7	<!-- $Header: /var/cvsroot/gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en/handbook/hb-install-config.xml,v 1.92 2007/05/20 04:16:25 nightmorph Exp $ -->
8		8
9	<sections>	9	<sections>
10		10
		11	<abstract>
		12	You need to edit some important configuration files. In this chapter
		13	you receive an overview of these files and an explanation on how to
		14	proceed.
		15	</abstract>
		16
11	<version>7.0</version>	17	<version>8.2</version>
12	<date>2006-08-30</date>	18	<date>2007-05-19</date>
13		19
14	<section>	20	<section>
15	<title>Filesystem Information</title>	21	<title>Filesystem Information</title>
16	<subsection>	22	<subsection>
17	<title>What is fstab?</title>	23	<title>What is fstab?</title>
…		…
67	</li>	73	</li>
68	</ul>	74	</ul>
69		75
70	<impo>	76	<impo>
71	The default <path>/etc/fstab</path> file provided by Gentoo <e>is not a valid	77	The default <path>/etc/fstab</path> file provided by Gentoo <e>is not a valid
72	fstab file</e>, You <b>have to create</b> your own <path>/etc/fstab</path>.	78	fstab file</e>. You <b>have to create</b> your own <path>/etc/fstab</path>.
73	</impo>	79	</impo>
74		80
75	<pre caption="Opening /etc/fstab">	81	<pre caption="Opening /etc/fstab">
76	# <i>nano -w /etc/fstab</i>	82	# <i>nano -w /etc/fstab</i>
77	</pre>	83	</pre>
…		…
131	<pre caption="A full /etc/fstab example" test="func:keyval('arch')='AMD64' or func:keyval('arch')='x86'">	137	<pre caption="A full /etc/fstab example" test="func:keyval('arch')='AMD64' or func:keyval('arch')='x86'">
132	<keyval id="/boot"/> /boot ext2 defaults,noatime 1 2	138	<keyval id="/boot"/> /boot ext2 defaults,noatime 1 2
133	/dev/hda2 none swap sw 0 0	139	/dev/hda2 none swap sw 0 0
134	/dev/hda3 / ext3 noatime 0 1	140	/dev/hda3 / ext3 noatime 0 1
135		141
136	none /proc proc defaults 0 0	142	proc /proc proc nodev,nosuid,noexec 0 0
137	none /dev/shm tmpfs nodev,nosuid,noexec 0 0	143	shm /dev/shm tmpfs nodev,nosuid,noexec 0 0
138		144
139	/dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom auto noauto,user 0 0	145	/dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom auto noauto,user 0 0
140	</pre>	146	</pre>
141		147
142	<pre caption="A full /etc/fstab example" test="func:keyval('arch')='HPPA'">	148	<pre caption="A full /etc/fstab example" test="func:keyval('arch')='HPPA'">
143	<keyval id="/boot"/> /boot ext2 defaults,noatime 1 2	149	<keyval id="/boot"/> /boot ext2 defaults,noatime 1 2
144	/dev/sda3 none swap sw 0 0	150	/dev/sda3 none swap sw 0 0
145	/dev/sda4 / ext3 noatime 0 1	151	/dev/sda4 / ext3 noatime 0 1
146		152
147	none /proc proc defaults 0 0	153	proc /proc proc nodev,nosuid,noexec 0 0
148	none /dev/shm tmpfs nodev,nosuid,noexec 0 0	154	shm /dev/shm tmpfs nodev,nosuid,noexec 0 0
149		155
150	/dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom auto noauto,user 0 0	156	/dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom auto noauto,user 0 0
151	</pre>	157	</pre>
152		158
153	<pre caption="A full /etc/fstab example" test="func:keyval('arch')='Alpha' or func:keyval('arch')='MIPS'">	159	<pre caption="A full /etc/fstab example" test="func:keyval('arch')='Alpha' or func:keyval('arch')='MIPS'">
154	<keyval id="/boot"/> /boot ext2 defaults,noatime 1 2	160	<keyval id="/boot"/> /boot ext2 defaults,noatime 1 2
155	/dev/sda2 none swap sw 0 0	161	/dev/sda2 none swap sw 0 0
156	/dev/sda3 / ext3 noatime 0 1	162	/dev/sda3 / ext3 noatime 0 1
157		163
158	none /proc proc defaults 0 0	164	proc /proc proc nodev,nosuid,noexec 0 0
159	none /dev/shm tmpfs nodev,nosuid,noexec 0 0	165	shm /dev/shm tmpfs nodev,nosuid,noexec 0 0
160		166
161	/dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom auto noauto,user 0 0	167	/dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom auto noauto,user 0 0
162	</pre>	168	</pre>
163		169
164	<pre caption="A full /etc/fstab example" test="func:keyval('arch')='SPARC'">	170	<pre caption="A full /etc/fstab example" test="func:keyval('arch')='SPARC'">
…		…
166	/dev/sda2 none swap sw 0 0	172	/dev/sda2 none swap sw 0 0
167	/dev/sda4 /usr ext3 noatime 0 2	173	/dev/sda4 /usr ext3 noatime 0 2
168	/dev/sda5 /var ext3 noatime 0 2	174	/dev/sda5 /var ext3 noatime 0 2
169	/dev/sda6 /home ext3 noatime 0 2	175	/dev/sda6 /home ext3 noatime 0 2
170		176
171	none /proc/openprom openpromfs defaults 0 0	177	openprom /proc/openprom openpromfs defaults 0 0
172	none /proc proc defaults 0 0	178	proc /proc proc nodev,nosuid,noexec 0 0
173	none /dev/shm tmpfs nodev,nosuid,noexec 0 0	179	shm /dev/shm tmpfs nodev,nosuid,noexec 0 0
174		180
175	/dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom auto noauto,user 0 0	181	/dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom auto noauto,user 0 0
176	</pre>	182	</pre>
177		183
178	<note test="func:keyval('arch')='PPC'">	184	<note test="func:keyval('arch')='PPC'">
…		…
182		188
183	<pre caption="A full /etc/fstab example" test="func:keyval('arch')='PPC'">	189	<pre caption="A full /etc/fstab example" test="func:keyval('arch')='PPC'">
184	/dev/hda4 / ext3 noatime 0 1	190	/dev/hda4 / ext3 noatime 0 1
185	/dev/hda3 none swap sw 0 0	191	/dev/hda3 none swap sw 0 0
186		192
187	none /proc proc defaults 0 0	193	proc /proc proc nodev,nosuid,noexec 0 0
188	none /dev/shm tmpfs nodev,nosuid,noexec 0 0	194	shm /dev/shm tmpfs nodev,nosuid,noexec 0 0
189		195
190	/dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom auto noauto,user 0 0	196	/dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom auto noauto,user 0 0
191	</pre>	197	</pre>
192		198
193	<pre caption="A full /etc/fstab example" test="func:keyval('arch')='PPC64'">	199	<pre caption="A full /etc/fstab example" test="func:keyval('arch')='PPC64'">
194	/dev/sda4 / ext3 noatime 0 1	200	/dev/sda4 / ext3 noatime 0 1
195	/dev/sda3 none swap sw 0 0	201	/dev/sda3 none swap sw 0 0
196		202
197	none /proc proc defaults 0 0	203	proc /proc proc nodev,nosuid,noexec 0 0
198	none /dev/shm tmpfs nodev,nosuid,noexec 0 0	204	shm /dev/shm tmpfs nodev,nosuid,noexec 0 0
199		205
200	/dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom auto noauto,user 0 0	206	/dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom auto noauto,user 0 0
201	</pre>	207	</pre>
202		208
203	<p>	209	<p>
…		…
220	</subsection>	226	</subsection>
221	</section>	227	</section>
222	<section>	228	<section>
223	<title>Networking Information</title>	229	<title>Networking Information</title>
224	<subsection>	230	<subsection>
225	<title>Host name</title>	231	<title>Host name, Domainname, etc</title>
226	<body>	232	<body>
227		233
228	<p>	234	<p>
229	One of the choices the user has to make is name his/her PC. This seems to be	235	One of the choices the user has to make is name his/her PC. This seems to be
230	quite easy, but <e>lots</e> of users are having difficulties finding the	236	quite easy, but <e>lots</e> of users are having difficulties finding the
…		…
238		244
239	<comment>(Set the HOSTNAME variable to your host name)</comment>	245	<comment>(Set the HOSTNAME variable to your host name)</comment>
240	HOSTNAME="<i>tux</i>"	246	HOSTNAME="<i>tux</i>"
241	</pre>	247	</pre>
242		248
		249	<p>
		250	Second, <e>if</e> you need a domainname, set it in <path>/etc/conf.d/net</path>.
		251	You only need a domain if your ISP or network administrator says so, or if you
		252	have a DNS server but not a DHCP server. You don't need to worry about DNS or
		253	domainnames if your networking is setup for DHCP.
		254	</p>
		255
		256	<pre caption="Setting the domainname">
		257	# <i>nano -w /etc/conf.d/net</i>
		258
		259	<comment>(Set the dns_domain variable to your domain name)</comment>
		260	dns_domain_lo="<i>homenetwork</i>"
		261	</pre>
		262
		263	<note>
		264	If you choose not to set a domainname, you can get rid of the "This is
		265	hostname.(none)" messages at your login screen by editing
		266	<path>/etc/issue</path>. Just delete the string <c>.\O</c> from that file.
		267	</note>
		268
		269	<p>
		270	If you have a NIS domain (if you don't know what that is, then you don't have
		271	one), you need to define that one too:
		272	</p>
		273
		274	<pre caption="Setting the NIS domainname">
		275	# <i>nano -w /etc/conf.d/net</i>
		276
		277	<comment>(Set the nis_domain variable to your NIS domain name)</comment>
		278	nis_domain_lo="<i>my-nisdomain</i>"
		279	</pre>
		280
		281	<note>
		282	For more information on configuring DNS and NIS, please read the examples
		283	provided in <path>/etc/conf.d/net.example</path>. Also, you may want to emerge
		284	<c>resolvconf-gentoo</c> to help manage your DNS/NIS setup.
		285	</note>
		286
243	</body>	287	</body>
244	</subsection>	288	</subsection>
245	<subsection>	289	<subsection>
246	<title>Configuring your Network</title>	290	<title>Configuring your Network</title>
247	<body>	291	<body>
…		…
266	commented example that covers many different configurations is available in	310	commented example that covers many different configurations is available in
267	<path>/etc/conf.d/net.example</path>.	311	<path>/etc/conf.d/net.example</path>.
268	</p>	312	</p>
269		313
270	<p>	314	<p>
271	DHCP is used by default and does not require any further configuration.	315	DHCP is used by default. For DHCP to work, you will need to install a DHCP
		316	client. This is described later in <uri
		317	link="?part=1&chap=9#networking-tools">Installing Necessary System
		318	Tools</uri>. Do not forget to install a DHCP client.
272	</p>	319	</p>
273		320
274	<p>	321	<p>
275	If you need to configure your network connection either because you need	322	If you need to configure your network connection either because you need
276	specific DHCP options or because you do not use DHCP at all, open	323	specific DHCP options or because you do not use DHCP at all, open
…		…
298	to set both <c>config_eth0</c> and <c>routes_eth0</c>:	345	to set both <c>config_eth0</c> and <c>routes_eth0</c>:
299	</p>	346	</p>
300		347
301	<pre caption="Manually setting IP information for eth0">	348	<pre caption="Manually setting IP information for eth0">
302	config_eth0=( "192.168.0.2 netmask 255.255.255.0 brd 192.168.0.255" )	349	config_eth0=( "192.168.0.2 netmask 255.255.255.0 brd 192.168.0.255" )
303	routes_eth0=( "default gw 192.168.0.1" )	350	routes_eth0=( "default via 192.168.0.1" )
304	</pre>	351	</pre>
305		352
306	<p>	353	<p>
307	To use DHCP and add specific DHCP options, define <c>config_eth0</c> and	354	To use DHCP and add specific DHCP options, define <c>config_eth0</c> and
308	<c>dhcp_eth0</c>:	355	<c>dhcp_eth0</c>:
…		…
333	<title>Automatically Start Networking at Boot</title>	380	<title>Automatically Start Networking at Boot</title>
334	<body>	381	<body>
335		382
336	<p>	383	<p>
337	To have your network interfaces activated at boot, you need to add them to the	384	To have your network interfaces activated at boot, you need to add them to the
338	default runlevel. If you have PCMCIA interfaces you should skip this action as	385	default runlevel.
339	the PCMCIA interfaces are started by the PCMCIA init script.
340	</p>	386	</p>
341		387
342	<pre caption="Adding net.eth0 to the default runlevel">	388	<pre caption="Adding net.eth0 to the default runlevel">
343	# <i>rc-update add net.eth0 default</i>	389	# <i>rc-update add net.eth0 default</i>
344	</pre>	390	</pre>
…		…
398	<subsection test="func:keyval('arch')='AMD64' or func:keyval('arch')='x86' or substring(func:keyval('arch'),1,3)='PPC'">	444	<subsection test="func:keyval('arch')='AMD64' or func:keyval('arch')='x86' or substring(func:keyval('arch'),1,3)='PPC'">
399	<title>Optional: Get PCMCIA Working</title>	445	<title>Optional: Get PCMCIA Working</title>
400	<body>	446	<body>
401		447
402	<p>	448	<p>
403	PCMCIA-users should first install the <c>pcmcia-cs</c> package. This also	449	PCMCIA users should first install the <c>pcmciautils</c> package.
404	includes users who will be working with a 2.6 kernel (even though they won't be
405	using the PCMCIA drivers from this package). The <c>USE="-X"</c> is necessary
406	to avoid installing xorg-x11 at this moment:
407	</p>	450	</p>
408		451
409	<pre caption="Installing pcmcia-cs">	452	<pre caption="Installing pcmciautils">
410	# <i>USE="-X" emerge pcmcia-cs</i>	453	# <i>emerge pcmciautils</i>
411	</pre>
412
413	<p>
414	When <c>pcmcia-cs</c> is installed, add <c>pcmcia</c> to the <e>default</e>
415	runlevel:
416	</p>
417
418	<pre caption="Adding pcmcia to the default runlevel">
419	# <i>rc-update add pcmcia default</i>
420	</pre>	454	</pre>
421		455
422	</body>	456	</body>
423	</subsection>	457	</subsection>
424	</section>	458	</section>
…		…
482		516
483	<p>	517	<p>
484	Take special care with the <c>KEYMAP</c> variable. If you select the wrong	518	Take special care with the <c>KEYMAP</c> variable. If you select the wrong
485	<c>KEYMAP</c>, you will get weird results when typing on your keyboard.	519	<c>KEYMAP</c>, you will get weird results when typing on your keyboard.
486	</p>	520	</p>
487
488	<note test="func:keyval('arch')='SPARC'">
489	Users of USB-based SPARC systems and SPARC clones might need to select an i386
490	keymap (such as "us") instead of "sunkeymap".
491	</note>
492		521
493	<note test="substring(func:keyval('arch'),1,3)='PPC'">	522	<note test="substring(func:keyval('arch'),1,3)='PPC'">
494	PPC uses x86 keymaps on most systems. Users who want to be able to use ADB	523	PPC uses x86 keymaps on most systems. Users who want to be able to use ADB
495	keymaps on boot have to enable ADB keycode sendings in their kernel and have to	524	keymaps on boot have to enable ADB keycode sendings in their kernel and have to
496	set a mac/ppc keymap in <path>/etc/conf.d/keymaps</path>.	525	set a mac/ppc keymap in <path>/etc/conf.d/keymaps</path>.
…		…
509	<pre caption="Opening /etc/conf.d/clock">	538	<pre caption="Opening /etc/conf.d/clock">
510	# <i>nano -w /etc/conf.d/clock</i>	539	# <i>nano -w /etc/conf.d/clock</i>
511	</pre>	540	</pre>
512		541
513	<p>	542	<p>
514	If your hardware clock is not using UTC, you need to add <c>CLOCK="local"</c> to	543	If your hardware clock is not using UTC, you need to add <c>CLOCK="local"</c>
515	the file. Otherwise you will notice some clock skew. Furthermore, Windows	544	to the file. Otherwise you will notice some clock skew.
516	assumes that your hardware clock uses local time, so if you want to dualboot,
517	you should set this variable appropriately, otherwise your clock will go crazy.
518	</p>	545	</p>
519		546
520	<p>	547	<p>
521	When you're finished configuring <path>/etc/conf.d/clock</path>, save and	548	When you're finished configuring <path>/etc/conf.d/clock</path>, save and
522	exit.	549	exit.

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