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2	<!DOCTYPE sections SYSTEM "/dtd/book.dtd">	2	<!DOCTYPE sections SYSTEM "/dtd/book.dtd">
3		3
4	<!-- The content of this document is licensed under the CC-BY-SA license -->	4	<!-- The content of this document is licensed under the CC-BY-SA license -->
5	<!-- See http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5 -->	5	<!-- See http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5 -->
6		6
7	<!-- $Header: /var/cvsroot/gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en/handbook/hb-install-config.xml,v 1.87 2006/11/02 23:29:27 neysx Exp $ -->	7	<!-- $Header: /var/cvsroot/gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en/handbook/hb-install-config.xml,v 1.99 2008/05/02 08:04:23 nightmorph Exp $ -->
8		8
9	<sections>	9	<sections>
10		10
11	<abstract>	11	<abstract>
12	You need to edit some important configuration files. In this chapter	12	You need to edit some important configuration files. In this chapter
13	you receive an overview of these files and an explanation on how to	13	you receive an overview of these files and an explanation on how to
14	proceed.	14	proceed.
15	</abstract>	15	</abstract>
16		16
17	<version>7.5</version>	17	<version>9.2</version>
18	<date>2006-11-02</date>	18	<date>2008-05-02</date>
19		19
20	<section>	20	<section>
21	<title>Filesystem Information</title>	21	<title>Filesystem Information</title>
22	<subsection>	22	<subsection>
23	<title>What is fstab?</title>	23	<title>What is fstab?</title>
…		…
73	</li>	73	</li>
74	</ul>	74	</ul>
75		75
76	<impo>	76	<impo>
77	The default <path>/etc/fstab</path> file provided by Gentoo <e>is not a valid	77	The default <path>/etc/fstab</path> file provided by Gentoo <e>is not a valid
78	fstab file</e>, You <b>have to create</b> your own <path>/etc/fstab</path>.	78	fstab file</e>. You <b>have to create</b> your own <path>/etc/fstab</path>.
79	</impo>	79	</impo>
80		80
81	<pre caption="Opening /etc/fstab">	81	<pre caption="Opening /etc/fstab">
82	# <i>nano -w /etc/fstab</i>	82	# <i>nano -w /etc/fstab</i>
83	</pre>	83	</pre>
…		…
89	Let us take a look at how we write down the options for the <path>/boot</path>	89	Let us take a look at how we write down the options for the <path>/boot</path>
90	partition. This is just an example, if you didn't or couldn't create a	90	partition. This is just an example, if you didn't or couldn't create a
91	<path>/boot</path>, don't copy it.	91	<path>/boot</path>, don't copy it.
92	</p>	92	</p>
93		93
94	<p test="contains(func:keyval('/boot'), '/dev/hd')">
95	In our default <keyval id="arch"/> partitioning example, <path>/boot</path> is
96	usually the <path><keyval id="/boot"/></path> partition (or
97	<path>/dev/sda*</path> if you use SCSI or SATA drives), with <c>ext2</c> as
98	filesystem. It needs to be checked during boot, so we would write down:
99	</p>	94	<p>
100
101	<p test="contains(func:keyval('/boot'), '/dev/sd')">
102	In our default <keyval id="arch"/> partitioning example, <path>/boot</path> is	95	In our default <keyval id="arch"/> partitioning example, <path>/boot</path> is
103	usually the <path><keyval id="/boot"/></path> partition, with <c>ext2</c> as	96	usually the <path><keyval id="/boot"/></path> partition, with <c>ext2</c> as
104	filesystem. It needs to be checked during boot, so we would write down:	97	filesystem. It needs to be checked during boot, so we would write down:
105	</p>	98	</p>
106		99
…		…
116	</p>	109	</p>
117		110
118	</body>	111	</body>
119	<body>	112	<body>
120		113
121	<p test="not(func:keyval('arch')='SPARC')">	114	<p>
122	Add the rules that match your partitioning scheme and append rules for	115	Add the rules that match your partitioning scheme and append rules for
123	<path>/proc</path>, <c>tmpfs</c>, for your CD-ROM drive(s), and of course, if
124	you have other partitions or drives, for those too.
125	</p>
126
127	<p test="func:keyval('arch')='SPARC'">
128	Add the rules that match your partitioning schema and append rules for
129	<path>/proc/openprom</path>, <path>/proc</path>, <c>tmpfs</c> , for your CD-ROM
130	drive(s), and of course, if you have other partitions or drives, for those too.	116	your CD-ROM drive(s), and of course, if you have other partitions or drives,
		117	for those too.
131	</p>	118	</p>
132		119
133	<p>	120	<p>
134	Now use the <e>example</e> below to create your <path>/etc/fstab</path>:	121	Now use the <e>example</e> below to create your <path>/etc/fstab</path>:
135	</p>	122	</p>
136
137	<pre caption="A full /etc/fstab example" test="func:keyval('arch')='AMD64' or func:keyval('arch')='x86'">
138	<keyval id="/boot"/> /boot ext2 defaults,noatime 1 2
139	/dev/hda2 none swap sw 0 0
140	/dev/hda3 / ext3 noatime 0 1
141
142	proc /proc proc defaults 0 0
143	shm /dev/shm tmpfs nodev,nosuid,noexec 0 0
144
145	/dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom auto noauto,user 0 0
146	</pre>
147		123
148	<pre caption="A full /etc/fstab example" test="func:keyval('arch')='HPPA'">	124	<pre caption="A full /etc/fstab example" test="func:keyval('arch')='HPPA'">
149	<keyval id="/boot"/> /boot ext2 defaults,noatime 1 2	125	<keyval id="/boot"/> /boot ext2 defaults,noatime 1 2
150	/dev/sda3 none swap sw 0 0	126	/dev/sda3 none swap sw 0 0
151	/dev/sda4 / ext3 noatime 0 1	127	/dev/sda4 / ext3 noatime 0 1
152		128
153	proc /proc proc defaults 0 0
154	shm /dev/shm tmpfs nodev,nosuid,noexec 0 0
155
156	/dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom auto noauto,user 0 0	129	/dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom auto noauto,user 0 0
157	</pre>	130	</pre>
158		131
159	<pre caption="A full /etc/fstab example" test="func:keyval('arch')='Alpha' or func:keyval('arch')='MIPS'">	132	<pre caption="A full /etc/fstab example" test="func:keyval('arch')='Alpha' or func:keyval('arch')='MIPS' or func:keyval('arch')='x86' or func:keyval('arch')='AMD64'">
160	<keyval id="/boot"/> /boot ext2 defaults,noatime 1 2	133	<keyval id="/boot"/> /boot ext2 defaults,noatime 1 2
161	/dev/sda2 none swap sw 0 0	134	/dev/sda2 none swap sw 0 0
162	/dev/sda3 / ext3 noatime 0 1	135	/dev/sda3 / ext3 noatime 0 1
163
164	proc /proc proc defaults 0 0
165	shm /dev/shm tmpfs nodev,nosuid,noexec 0 0
166		136
167	/dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom auto noauto,user 0 0	137	/dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom auto noauto,user 0 0
168	</pre>	138	</pre>
169		139
170	<pre caption="A full /etc/fstab example" test="func:keyval('arch')='SPARC'">	140	<pre caption="A full /etc/fstab example" test="func:keyval('arch')='SPARC'">
…		…
172	/dev/sda2 none swap sw 0 0	142	/dev/sda2 none swap sw 0 0
173	/dev/sda4 /usr ext3 noatime 0 2	143	/dev/sda4 /usr ext3 noatime 0 2
174	/dev/sda5 /var ext3 noatime 0 2	144	/dev/sda5 /var ext3 noatime 0 2
175	/dev/sda6 /home ext3 noatime 0 2	145	/dev/sda6 /home ext3 noatime 0 2
176		146
		147	<comment># You must add the rules for openprom</comment>
177	openprom /proc/openprom openpromfs defaults 0 0	148	openprom /proc/openprom openpromfs defaults 0 0
178	proc /proc proc defaults 0 0
179	shm /dev/shm tmpfs nodev,nosuid,noexec 0 0
180		149
181	/dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom auto noauto,user 0 0	150	/dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom auto noauto,user 0 0
182	</pre>	151	</pre>
183		152
184	<note test="func:keyval('arch')='PPC'">
185	There are important variations between PPC machine types. Please make sure you
186	adapt the following example to your system.
187	</note>
188
189	<pre caption="A full /etc/fstab example" test="func:keyval('arch')='PPC'">	153	<pre caption="A full /etc/fstab example" test="func:keyval('arch')='PPC' or
190	/dev/hda4 / ext3 noatime 0 1	154	func:keyval('arch')='PPC64'">
191	/dev/hda3 none swap sw 0 0
192
193	proc /proc proc defaults 0 0
194	shm /dev/shm tmpfs nodev,nosuid,noexec 0 0
195
196	/dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom auto noauto,user 0 0
197	</pre>
198
199	<pre caption="A full /etc/fstab example" test="func:keyval('arch')='PPC64'">
200	/dev/sda4 / ext3 noatime 0 1	155	/dev/sda4 / ext3 noatime 0 1
201	/dev/sda3 none swap sw 0 0	156	/dev/sda3 none swap sw 0 0
202
203	proc /proc proc defaults 0 0
204	shm /dev/shm tmpfs nodev,nosuid,noexec 0 0
205		157
206	/dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom auto noauto,user 0 0	158	/dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom auto noauto,user 0 0
207	</pre>	159	</pre>
208		160
209	<p>	161	<p>
…		…
245	<comment>(Set the HOSTNAME variable to your host name)</comment>	197	<comment>(Set the HOSTNAME variable to your host name)</comment>
246	HOSTNAME="<i>tux</i>"	198	HOSTNAME="<i>tux</i>"
247	</pre>	199	</pre>
248		200
249	<p>	201	<p>
250	Second we set the domainname in <path>/etc/conf.d/net</path>:	202	Second, <e>if</e> you need a domainname, set it in <path>/etc/conf.d/net</path>.
		203	You only need a domain if your ISP or network administrator says so, or if you
		204	have a DNS server but not a DHCP server. You don't need to worry about DNS or
		205	domainnames if your networking is setup for DHCP.
251	</p>	206	</p>
252		207
253	<pre caption="Setting the domainname">	208	<pre caption="Setting the domainname">
254	# <i>nano -w /etc/conf.d/net</i>	209	# <i>nano -w /etc/conf.d/net</i>
255		210
256	<comment>(Set the dns_domain variable to your domain name)</comment>	211	<comment>(Set the dns_domain variable to your domain name)</comment>
257	dns_domain_lo="<i>homenetwork</i>"	212	dns_domain_lo="<i>homenetwork</i>"
258	</pre>	213	</pre>
259		214
		215	<note>
		216	If you choose not to set a domainname, you can get rid of the "This is
		217	hostname.(none)" messages at your login screen by editing
		218	<path>/etc/issue</path>. Just delete the string <c>.\O</c> from that file.
		219	</note>
		220
260	<p>	221	<p>
261	If you have a NIS domain (if you don't know what that is, then you don't have	222	If you have a NIS domain (if you don't know what that is, then you don't have
262	one), you need to define that one too:	223	one), you need to define that one too:
263	</p>	224	</p>
264		225
…		…
269	nis_domain_lo="<i>my-nisdomain</i>"	230	nis_domain_lo="<i>my-nisdomain</i>"
270	</pre>	231	</pre>
271		232
272	<note>	233	<note>
273	For more information on configuring DNS and NIS, please read the examples	234	For more information on configuring DNS and NIS, please read the examples
274	provided in <path>/etc/conf.d/net.example</path>.	235	provided in <path>/etc/conf.d/net.example</path>. Also, you may want to emerge
		236	<c>openresolv</c> to help manage your DNS/NIS setup.
275	</note>	237	</note>
276		238
277	</body>	239	</body>
278	</subsection>	240	</subsection>
279	<subsection>	241	<subsection>
…		…
335	to set both <c>config_eth0</c> and <c>routes_eth0</c>:	297	to set both <c>config_eth0</c> and <c>routes_eth0</c>:
336	</p>	298	</p>
337		299
338	<pre caption="Manually setting IP information for eth0">	300	<pre caption="Manually setting IP information for eth0">
339	config_eth0=( "192.168.0.2 netmask 255.255.255.0 brd 192.168.0.255" )	301	config_eth0=( "192.168.0.2 netmask 255.255.255.0 brd 192.168.0.255" )
340	routes_eth0=( "default gw 192.168.0.1" )	302	routes_eth0=( "default via 192.168.0.1" )
341	</pre>	303	</pre>
342		304
343	<p>	305	<p>
344	To use DHCP and add specific DHCP options, define <c>config_eth0</c> and	306	To use DHCP and add specific DHCP options, define <c>config_eth0</c> and
345	<c>dhcp_eth0</c>:	307	<c>dhcp_eth0</c>:
…		…
370	<title>Automatically Start Networking at Boot</title>	332	<title>Automatically Start Networking at Boot</title>
371	<body>	333	<body>
372		334
373	<p>	335	<p>
374	To have your network interfaces activated at boot, you need to add them to the	336	To have your network interfaces activated at boot, you need to add them to the
375	default runlevel. If you have PCMCIA interfaces you should skip this action as	337	default runlevel.
376	the PCMCIA interfaces are started by the PCMCIA init script.
377	</p>	338	</p>
378		339
379	<pre caption="Adding net.eth0 to the default runlevel">	340	<pre caption="Adding net.eth0 to the default runlevel">
380	# <i>rc-update add net.eth0 default</i>	341	# <i>rc-update add net.eth0 default</i>
381	</pre>	342	</pre>
…		…
435	<subsection test="func:keyval('arch')='AMD64' or func:keyval('arch')='x86' or substring(func:keyval('arch'),1,3)='PPC'">	396	<subsection test="func:keyval('arch')='AMD64' or func:keyval('arch')='x86' or substring(func:keyval('arch'),1,3)='PPC'">
436	<title>Optional: Get PCMCIA Working</title>	397	<title>Optional: Get PCMCIA Working</title>
437	<body>	398	<body>
438		399
439	<p>	400	<p>
440	PCMCIA-users should first install the <c>pcmcia-cs</c> package. This also	401	PCMCIA users should first install the <c>pcmciautils</c> package.
441	includes users who will be working with a 2.6 kernel (even though they won't be
442	using the PCMCIA drivers from this package). The <c>USE="-X"</c> is necessary
443	to avoid installing xorg-x11 at this moment:
444	</p>	402	</p>
445		403
446	<pre caption="Installing pcmcia-cs">	404	<pre caption="Installing pcmciautils">
447	# <i>USE="-X" emerge pcmcia-cs</i>	405	# <i>emerge pcmciautils</i>
448	</pre>
449
450	<p>
451	When <c>pcmcia-cs</c> is installed, add <c>pcmcia</c> to the <e>default</e>
452	runlevel:
453	</p>
454
455	<pre caption="Adding pcmcia to the default runlevel">
456	# <i>rc-update add pcmcia default</i>
457	</pre>	406	</pre>
458		407
459	</body>	408	</body>
460	</subsection>	409	</subsection>
461	</section>	410	</section>
…		…
470	First we set the root password by typing:	419	First we set the root password by typing:
471	</p>	420	</p>
472		421
473	<pre caption="Setting the root password">	422	<pre caption="Setting the root password">
474	# <i>passwd</i>	423	# <i>passwd</i>
475	</pre>
476
477	<p>
478	If you want root to be able to log on through the serial console, add
479	<c>tts/0</c> to <path>/etc/securetty</path>:
480	</p>
481
482	<pre caption="Adding tts/0 to /etc/securetty">
483	# <i>echo "tts/0" >> /etc/securetty</i>
484	</pre>	424	</pre>
485		425
486	</body>	426	</body>
487	</subsection>	427	</subsection>
488	<subsection>	428	<subsection>
…		…
519		459
520	<p>	460	<p>
521	Take special care with the <c>KEYMAP</c> variable. If you select the wrong	461	Take special care with the <c>KEYMAP</c> variable. If you select the wrong
522	<c>KEYMAP</c>, you will get weird results when typing on your keyboard.	462	<c>KEYMAP</c>, you will get weird results when typing on your keyboard.
523	</p>	463	</p>
524
525	<note test="func:keyval('arch')='SPARC'">
526	Users of USB-based SPARC systems and SPARC clones might need to select an i386
527	keymap (such as "us") instead of "sunkeymap".
528	</note>
529		464
530	<note test="substring(func:keyval('arch'),1,3)='PPC'">	465	<note test="substring(func:keyval('arch'),1,3)='PPC'">
531	PPC uses x86 keymaps on most systems. Users who want to be able to use ADB	466	PPC uses x86 keymaps on most systems. Users who want to be able to use ADB
532	keymaps on boot have to enable ADB keycode sendings in their kernel and have to	467	keymaps on boot have to enable ADB keycode sendings in their kernel and have to
533	set a mac/ppc keymap in <path>/etc/conf.d/keymaps</path>.	468	set a mac/ppc keymap in <path>/etc/conf.d/keymaps</path>.
…		…
551	If your hardware clock is not using UTC, you need to add <c>CLOCK="local"</c>	486	If your hardware clock is not using UTC, you need to add <c>CLOCK="local"</c>
552	to the file. Otherwise you will notice some clock skew.	487	to the file. Otherwise you will notice some clock skew.
553	</p>	488	</p>
554		489
555	<p>	490	<p>
		491	You should define the timezone that you previously copied to
		492	<path>/etc/localtime</path> so that further upgrades of the
		493	<c>sys-libs/timezone-data</c> package can update <path>/etc/localtime</path>
		494	automatically. For instance, if you used the GMT timezone, you would add
		495	<c>TIMEZONE="GMT"</c>
		496	</p>
		497
		498	<p>
556	When you're finished configuring <path>/etc/conf.d/clock</path>, save and	499	When you're finished configuring <path>/etc/conf.d/clock</path>, save and
557	exit.	500	exit.
558	</p>	501	</p>
559		502
560	<p test="not(func:keyval('arch')='PPC64')">	503	<p test="not(func:keyval('arch')='PPC64')">

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