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<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?>
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<!DOCTYPE sections SYSTEM "/dtd/book.dtd">
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<!-- The content of this document is licensed under the CC-BY-SA license -->
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<!-- See http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/1.0 -->
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<!-- $Header: /home/cvsroot/gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en/handbook/hb-install-finalise.xml,v 1.20 2004/03/08 18:24:42 swift Exp $ -->
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<sections>
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<section>
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<title>User Administration</title>
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<subsection>
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<title>Setting a root Password</title>
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<body>
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<p>
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Before you forget, set the root password by typing:
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</p>
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<pre caption="Setting the root password">
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# <i>passwd</i>
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</pre>
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<p>
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If you want root to be able to log on through the serial console, add
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<c>ttyS0</c> to <path>/etc/securetty</path>.
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</p>
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<pre caption="Adding ttyS0 to /etc/securetty">
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# <i>echo "ttyS0" >> /etc/securetty</i>
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</pre>
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</body>
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</subsection>
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<subsection>
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<title>Adding a User for Daily Use</title>
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<body>
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<p>
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Working as root on a Unix/Linux system is <e>dangerous</e> and should be avoided
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as much as possible. Therefore it is <e>strongly</e> recommended to add a user
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for day-to-day use.
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</p>
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<p>
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For instance, to create a user called <c>john</c> who is member of the
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<c>wheel</c> group (be able to change to root using <c>su</c>), <c>users</c>
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group (default for all users) and <c>audio</c> group (be able to use audio
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devices):
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</p>
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<pre caption="Adding a user for day-to-day use">
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# <i>useradd john -m -G users,wheel,audio -s /bin/bash</i>
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# <i>passwd john</i>
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Password: <comment>(Enter the password for john)</comment>
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Re-enter password: <comment>(Re-enter the password to verify)</comment>
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</pre>
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<p>
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If this user ever needs to perform some task as root, he can use <c>su -</c> to
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temporarily receive root privileges. Another way is to use the <c>sudo</c>
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package which is, if correctly configured, very secure.
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</p>
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</body>
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</subsection>
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</section>
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<section>
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<title>Reboot and Enjoy</title>
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<subsection>
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<title>Rebooting</title>
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<body>
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<p>
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Congratulations! Your Gentoo system is now ready. Exit the chrooted environment
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and unmount all mounted partitions and, in case you had to bind-mount
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<path>/mnt/gentoo/dev</path>, don't forget to unmount it too. Then type in that
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one magical command you have been waiting for: <c>reboot</c>.
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</p>
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<pre caption="Rebooting the system">
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# <i>exit</i>
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# <i>cd /</i>
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# <i>umount /mnt/gentoo/boot /mnt/gentoo/proc /mnt/gentoo</i>
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# <i>reboot</i>
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</pre>
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<p>
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Of course, don't forget to remove the bootable CD, otherwise the CD will be
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booted again instead of your new Gentoo system.
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</p>
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<p>
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OldWorld PPC users will boot in MacOS since their bootloader
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isn't installed yet. Those users should read <uri
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link="#doc_chap2_sect2">Optional: Configuring BootX</uri>. MIPS users will have
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to do some more tweaking in their MIPS PROM to get Gentoo to work. Those users
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should read <uri link="#doc_chap2_sect3">Optional: Getting Gentoo/MIPS to
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Work</uri>.
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</p>
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<p>
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GRP users can continue with <uri link="#doc_chap2_sect4">Optional:
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Install GRP Packages</uri>, all the rest can finish up with <uri
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link="?part=1&chap=12">Where to go from here?</uri>.
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</p>
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</body>
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</subsection>
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<subsection>
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<title>Optional: Configuring BootX</title>
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<body>
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<impo>
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This subsection is <e>only</e> for PPC-users who want to use BootX as
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bootloader. All other readers should skip this subsection.
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</impo>
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<p>
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Now your machine is booted in MacOS, open the BootX control panel.
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Select <c>Options</c>, and uncheck <c>Used specified RAM disk</c>. When you
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return to the BootX main screen, you will now find an option to specify your
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machine's root disk and partition. Fill these in with the appropriate
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values.
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</p>
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<p>
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BootX can be configured to start Linux upon boot. If you do this, you will
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first see your machine boot into MacOS then, during startup, BootX will
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load and start Linux. See the <uri
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link="http://penguinppc.org/projects/bootx/">BootX home page</uri> for more
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information.
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</p>
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<p>
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If you are a GRP users you can continue with <uri
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link="#doc_chap2_sect4">Optional: Install GRP Packages</uri>, otherwise go to
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<uri link="?part=1&chap=12">Where to go from here?</uri>.
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</p>
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</body>
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</subsection>
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<subsection>
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<title>Optional: Getting Gentoo/MIPS to Work</title>
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<body>
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<p>
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When you are rebooted, go to the <e>System Maintenance Menu</e> and select
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<e>Enter Command Monitor</e> (<c>5</c>). If you want to test your new Gentoo
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installation, you can just run <c>boot -f <kernel name></c>. To have your
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system permanently boot into the Gentoo installation, you need to set some
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variables in the MIPS PROM:
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</p>
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<pre caption="Configuring the PROM to Boot Gentoo">
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1) Start System
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2) Install System Software
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3) Run Diagnostics
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4) Recover System
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5) Enter Command Monitor
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Option? <i>5</i>
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Command Monitor. Type "exit" to return to the menu.
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<comment>(<root device> = Gentoo's root partition, e.g. /dev/sda3)</comment>
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>> <i>setenv OSLoadPartition <root device></i>
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<comment>(To list the available kernels, type "ls")</comment>
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>> <i>setenv OSLoader <kernel name></i>
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>> <i>setenv OSLoadFilename <kernel name></i>
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<comment>(Declare the kernel parameters you want to pass)</comment>
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>> <i>setenv OSLoadOptions <kernel parameters></i>
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<comment>(Provide the location of the Volume Header)</comment>
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>> <i>setenv SystemPartition scsi(0)disk(1)rdisk(0)partition(8)</i>
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<comment>(Automatically boot Gentoo)</comment>
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>> <i>setenv AutoLoad Yes</i>
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<comment>(Set the timezone)</comment>
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>> <i>setenv TimeZone EST5EDT</i>
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<comment>(Use the serial console - graphic adapter users should have "g" instead of "d1" (one))</comment>
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>> <i>setenv console d1</i>
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</pre>
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<p>
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Now you're ready to enjoy Gentoo!
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</p>
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</body>
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</subsection>
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<subsection>
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<title>Optional: Install GRP Packages</title>
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<body>
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<impo>
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This part is for GRP users only. Other users should skip this part and continue
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with <uri link="?part=1&chap=12">Where to go from here?</uri>.
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</impo>
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<p>
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Now that your system is booted, log on as the user you created (for instance,
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<c>john</c>) and use <c>su -</c> to gain root privileges:
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</p>
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<pre caption="Gaining root privileges">
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$ <i>su -</i>
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Password: <comment>(Enter your root password)</comment>
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</pre>
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<p>
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Now we need to change the Portage configuration to look for the prebuilt
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binaries from the second CD (Gentoo Packages CD). First mount this CD:
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</p>
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<pre caption="Mount the Packages CD">
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# <i>mkdir /mnt/cdrom</i>
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<comment>(Put the Gentoo Packages CD in the CD tray)</comment>
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# <i>mount /mnt/cdrom</i>
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</pre>
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<p>
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Now configure Portage to use <path>/mnt/cdrom</path> for its prebuilt packages:
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</p>
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<pre caption="Configuring Portage to use /mnt/cdrom">
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# <i>ls /mnt/cdrom</i>
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<comment>(If there is a /mnt/cdrom/packages directory:)</comment>
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# <i>export PKGDIR="/mnt/cdrom/packages"</i>
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<comment>(Otherwise:)</comment>
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# <i>export PKGDIR="/mnt/cdrom"</i>
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</pre>
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<p>
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Now install the packages you want. The Packages CD contains several prebuilt
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binaries, for instance KDE:
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</p>
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<pre caption="Installing KDE">
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# <i>USE="bindist" emerge --usepkg kde</i>
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</pre>
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<p>
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The <c>USE="bindist"</c> is needed when you install XFree (either directly or as
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a dependency). It prevents the downloading of Microsoft's core fonts (which we
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cannot distribute on our LiveCDs).
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</p>
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<p>
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Be sure to install the binaries now. When you do an <c>emerge sync</c> to update
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Portage (as you will learn later), the prebuilt binaries might not match against
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the ebuilds in your updated Portage. You can try to circumvent this by using
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<c>emerge --usepkgonly</c> instead of <c>emerge --usepkg</c>.
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</p>
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<p>
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Congratulations, your system is now fully equiped! Continue with <uri
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link="?part=1&chap=12">Where to go from here?</uri> to learn more about
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Gentoo.
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</p>
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</body>
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</subsection>
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</section>
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</sections>
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