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<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?> |
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<!DOCTYPE sections SYSTEM "/dtd/book.dtd"> |
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<!-- The content of this document is licensed under the CC-BY-SA license --> |
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<!-- See http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5 --> |
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<!-- $Header: /var/cvsroot/gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en/handbook/hb-install-finalise.xml,v 1.47 2006/12/03 23:05:54 nightmorph Exp $ --> |
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<sections> |
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<abstract> |
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You're almost done. We'll just create one (or more) users for your |
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system. |
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</abstract> |
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|
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<version>8.0</version> |
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<date>2007-05-07</date> |
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|
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<section> |
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<title>User Administration</title> |
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<subsection> |
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<title>Adding a User for Daily Use</title> |
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<body> |
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|
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<p> |
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Working as root on a Unix/Linux system is <e>dangerous</e> and should be avoided |
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as much as possible. Therefore it is <e>strongly</e> recommended to add a user |
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for day-to-day use. |
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</p> |
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|
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<p> |
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The groups the user is member of define what activities the user can perform. |
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The following table lists a number of important groups you might wish to use: |
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</p> |
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|
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<table> |
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<tr> |
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<th>Group</th> |
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<th>Description</th> |
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</tr> |
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<tr> |
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<ti>audio</ti> |
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<ti>be able to access the audio devices</ti> |
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</tr> |
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<tr> |
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<ti>cdrom</ti> |
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<ti>be able to directly access optical devices</ti> |
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</tr> |
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<tr> |
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<ti>floppy</ti> |
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<ti>be able to directly access floppy devices</ti> |
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</tr> |
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<tr> |
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<ti>games</ti> |
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<ti>be able to play games</ti> |
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</tr> |
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<tr> |
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<ti>portage</ti> |
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<ti>be able to use <c>emerge --pretend</c> as a normal user</ti> |
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</tr> |
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<tr> |
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<ti>usb</ti> |
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<ti>be able to access USB devices</ti> |
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</tr> |
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<tr> |
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<ti>plugdev</ti> |
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<ti> |
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Be able to mount and use pluggable devices such as cameras and USB sticks |
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</ti> |
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</tr> |
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<tr> |
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<ti>video</ti> |
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<ti> |
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be able to access video capturing hardware and doing hardware |
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acceleration |
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</ti> |
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</tr> |
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<tr> |
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<ti>wheel</ti> |
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<ti>be able to use <c>su</c></ti> |
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</tr> |
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</table> |
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|
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<p> |
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For instance, to create a user called <c>john</c> who is member of the |
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<c>wheel</c>, <c>users</c> and <c>audio</c> groups, log in as root first |
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(only root can create users) and run <c>useradd</c>: |
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</p> |
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|
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<pre caption="Adding a user for day-to-day use"> |
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Login: <i>root</i> |
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Password: <comment>(Your root password)</comment> |
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|
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# <i>useradd -m -G users,wheel,audio -s /bin/bash john</i> |
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# <i>passwd john</i> |
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Password: <comment>(Enter the password for john)</comment> |
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Re-enter password: <comment>(Re-enter the password to verify)</comment> |
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</pre> |
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|
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<p> |
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If a user ever needs to perform some task as root, they can use <c>su -</c> |
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to temporarily receive root privileges. Another way is to use the <c>sudo</c> |
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package which is, if correctly configured, very secure. |
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</p> |
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|
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</body> |
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</subsection> |
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</section> |
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<section> |
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<title>Disk Cleanup</title> |
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<subsection> |
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<title>Removing tarballs</title> |
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<body> |
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|
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<p> |
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Now that you've finished installing Gentoo and rebooted, if everything has gone |
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well, you can remove the downloaded stage3 tarball and Portage snapshot from |
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your hard disk. Remember that they were downloaded to your <path>/</path> |
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directory. |
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</p> |
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|
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<pre caption="Removing the stage3 tarball"> |
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# <i>rm /stage3-*.tar.bz2*</i> |
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</pre> |
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|
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<pre caption="Removing the Portage snapshot"> |
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# <i>rm /portage-latest.tar.bz2*</i> |
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</pre> |
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|
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</body> |
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</subsection> |
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</section> |
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</sections> |
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