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<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?>
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<!DOCTYPE sections SYSTEM "/dtd/book.dtd">
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<!-- The content of this document is licensed under the CC-BY-SA license -->
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<!-- See http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/1.0 -->
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<!-- $Header: /var/cvsroot/gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en/handbook/hb-install-ppc-kernel.xml,v 1.10 2004/08/30 17:44:00 neysx Exp $ -->
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<sections>
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<section>
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<title>Timezone</title>
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<body>
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<p>
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You first need to select your timezone so that your system knows where it is
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located. Look for your timezone in <path>/usr/share/zoneinfo</path>, then make a
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symlink to <path>/etc/localtime</path> using <c>ln</c>:
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</p>
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<pre caption="Setting the timezone information">
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# <i>ls /usr/share/zoneinfo</i>
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<comment>(Suppose you want to use GMT)</comment>
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# <i>ln -sf /usr/share/zoneinfo/GMT /etc/localtime</i>
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</pre>
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</body>
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</section>
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<section>
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<title>Installing the Sources</title>
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<subsection>
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<title>Choosing a Kernel</title>
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<body>
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<p>
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The core around which all distributions are built is the Linux kernel. It is the
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layer between the user programs and your system hardware. Gentoo provides its
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users several possible kernel sources. A full listing with description is
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available at the <uri link="/doc/en/gentoo-kernel.xml">Gentoo Kernel
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Guide</uri>.
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</p>
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<p>
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For PPC you can choose between <c>development-sources</c> and
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<c>gentoo-dev-sources</c> (both 2.6 kernels). The latter is available when you
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perform a networkless installation. Beside those there is special
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kernel-2.6-patchset for the Pegasos: <c>pegasos-dev-sources</c>. So let's
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continue with <c>emerge</c>'ing the kernel sources:
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</p>
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<pre caption="Installing a kernel source">
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# <i>emerge gentoo-dev-sources</i>
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</pre>
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<p>
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When you take a look in <path>/usr/src</path> you should see a symlink called
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<path>linux</path> pointing to your kernel source:
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</p>
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<pre caption="Viewing the kernel source symlink">
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# <i>ls -l /usr/src/linux</i>
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lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 12 Jul 10 10:55 /usr/src/linux -> linux-2.6.7-r9
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</pre>
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<p>
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If this isn't the case (i.e. the symlink points to a different kernel source)
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change the symlink before you continue:
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</p>
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<pre caption="Changing the kernel source symlink">
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# <i>rm /usr/src/linux</i>
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# <i>cd /usr/src</i>
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# <i>ln -s linux-2.6.7-r9 linux</i>
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</pre>
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<p>
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Now it is time to configure and compile your kernel source. All architectures
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can use <c>genkernel</c> for this, which will build a generic kernel as used
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by the LiveCD. We explain the "manual" configuration first though, as it is
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the best way to optimize your environment.
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</p>
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<p>
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Continue now with <uri link="#manual">Manual Configuration</uri>.
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</p>
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</body>
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</subsection>
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</section>
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<section id="manual">
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<title>Manual Configuration</title>
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<subsection>
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<title>Introduction</title>
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<body>
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<p>
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Manually configuring a kernel is often seen as the most difficult procedure a
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Linux user ever has to perform. Nothing is less true -- after configuring a
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couple of kernels you don't even remember that it was difficult ;)
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</p>
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<p>
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However, one thing <e>is</e> true: you must know your system when you start
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configuring a kernel manually. Most information can be gathered by viewing the
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contents of <path>/proc/pci</path> (or by using <c>lspci</c> if available). You
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can also run <c>lsmod</c> to see what kernel modules the LiveCD uses (it might
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provide you with a nice hint on what to enable).
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</p>
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<p>
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Now go to your kernel source directory and execute <c>make menuconfig</c>. This
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will fire up an ncurses-based configuration menu.
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</p>
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<pre caption="Invoking menuconfig">
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# <i>cd /usr/src/linux</i>
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# <i>make menuconfig</i>
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</pre>
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<p>
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You will be greeted with several configuration sections. We'll first list some
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options you must activate (otherwise Gentoo will not function, or not function
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properly without additional tweaks).
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</p>
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</body>
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</subsection>
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<subsection>
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<title>Activating Required Options</title>
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<body>
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<p>
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First of all, activate the use of development and experimental code/drivers.
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You need this, otherwise some very important code/drivers won't show up:
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</p>
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<pre caption="Selecting experimental code/drivers">
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Code maturity level options --->
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[*] Prompt for development and/or incomplete code/drivers
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</pre>
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<p>
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Now go to <c>File Systems</c> and select support for the filesystems you use.
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<e>Don't</e> compile them as modules, otherwise your Gentoo system will not be
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able to mount your partitions. Also select <c>Virtual memory</c>, <c>/proc
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file system</c>, <c>/dev file system</c> + <c>Automatically mount at boot</c>:
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</p>
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<pre caption="Selecting necessary file systems">
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File systems --->
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Pseudo Filesystems --->
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[*] /proc file system support
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[*] /dev file system support (OBSOLETE)
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[*] Automatically mount at boot
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[*] Virtual memory file system support (former shm fs)
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<comment>(Select one or more of the following options as needed by your system)</comment>
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<*> Reiserfs support
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<*> Ext3 journalling file system support
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<*> Second extended fs support
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<*> XFS filesystem support
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</pre>
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<p>
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If you are using PPPoE to connect to the Internet or you are using a dial-up
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modem, you will need the following options in the kernel:
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</p>
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<pre caption="Selecting PPPoE necessary drivers">
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Device Drivers --->
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Networking support --->
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<*> PPP (point-to-point protocol) support
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<*> PPP support for async serial ports
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<*> PPP support for sync tty ports
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</pre>
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<p>
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The two compression options won't harm but are not definitely needed, neither
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does the <c>PPP over Ethernet</c> option, that might only be used by
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<c>rp-pppoe</c> when configured to do kernel mode PPPoE.
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</p>
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<p>
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If you require it, don't forget to include support in the kernel for your
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ethernet card.
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</p>
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<p>
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Disable ADB raw keycodes:
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</p>
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<pre caption="Disabling ADB raw keycodes">
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Macintosh Device Drivers --->
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[ ] Support for ADB raw keycodes
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</pre>
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<p>
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Also choose the correct RTC support (<e>disable</e> the <c>Enhanced RTC</c>
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option):
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</p>
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<pre caption="Activating the correct RTC option">
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Character devices --->
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[ ] Enhanced RTC
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General setup --->
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[*] Support for /dev/rtc
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</pre>
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<p>
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Users of OldWorld machines will want HFS support so they can copy compiled
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kernels to the MacOS partition.
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</p>
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<pre caption="Activating HFS support">
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File Systems --->
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[*] HFS Support
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</pre>
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<p>
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When you're done configuring your kernel, continue with <uri
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link="#compiling">Compiling and Installing</uri>.
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</p>
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</body>
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</subsection>
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<subsection id="compiling">
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<title>Compiling and Installing</title>
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<body>
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<p>
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Now that your kernel is configured, it is time to compile and install it. Exit
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the configuration and run the commands which will compile the kernel:
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</p>
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<pre caption="Compiling the kernel">
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# <i>make all && make modules_install</i>
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</pre>
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<p>
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When the kernel has finished compiling, copy the kernel image to
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<path>/boot</path>.
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</p>
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<pre caption="Installing the kernel">
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<comment>replace 2.6.7 with your kernel-version</comment>
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(Apple/IBM) # <i>cp vmlinux /boot/kernel-2.6.7</i>
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(Pegasos) # <i>cp arch/ppc/boot/images/zImage.chrp /boot/kernel-2.6.7</i>
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</pre>
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<p>
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Also don't forget to copy over the system map:
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</p>
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<pre caption="Copying the system map">
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# <i>cp System.map /boot/System.map-2.6.7</i>
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</pre>
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<p>
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It is also wise to copy over your kernel configuration file to
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<path>/boot</path>, just in case :)
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</p>
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<pre caption="Backing up your kernel configuration">
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# <i>cp .config /boot/config-2.6.7</i>
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</pre>
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<p>
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Now continue with <uri link="#kernel_modules">Installing Separate Kernel
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Modules</uri>.
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</p>
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</body>
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</subsection>
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</section>
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<section id="kernel_modules">
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<title>Installing Separate Kernel Modules</title>
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<!--
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<subsection>
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<title>Installing Extra Modules</title>
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<body>
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<p>
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If appropriate, you should emerge ebuilds for any additional hardware that is
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on your system. Here is a list of kernel-related ebuilds that you could emerge:
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</p>
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<table>
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<tcolumn width="1in"/>
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<tcolumn width="4in"/>
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<tcolumn width="2in"/>
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<tr>
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<th>Ebuild</th>
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<th>Purpose</th>
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<th>Command</th>
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</tr>
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</table>
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<p>
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Beware though, some of these ebuilds might deal with big dependencies. To verify
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what packages will be installed by emerging an ebuild, use <c>emerge
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- -pretend</c>. For instance, for the <c>xfree-drm</c> package:
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</p>
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<pre caption="View full installation package listing">
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# <i>emerge - -pretend xfree-drm</i>
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</pre>
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</body>
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</subsection>
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-->
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<subsection>
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<title>Configuring the Modules</title>
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<body>
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<p>
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You should list the modules you want automatically loaded in
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<path>/etc/modules.autoload.d/kernel-2.6</path>.
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You can add extra options to the modules too if you want.
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</p>
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<p>
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To view all available modules, run the following <c>find</c> command. Don't
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forget to substitute "<kernel version>" with the version of the kernel you
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just compiled:
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</p>
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<pre caption="Viewing all available modules">
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# <i>find /lib/modules/<kernel version>/ -type f -iname '*.o' -or -iname '*.ko'</i>
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</pre>
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<p>
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For instance, to automatically load the <c>3c59x.o</c> module, edit the
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<path>kernel-2.6</path> file and enter the module
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name in it.
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</p>
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<pre caption="Editing /etc/modules.autoload.d/kernel-2.6">
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# <i>nano -w /etc/modules.autoload.d/kernel-2.6</i>
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</pre>
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<pre caption="/etc/modules.autoload.d/kernel-2.6">
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3c59x
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</pre>
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<p>
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Now run <c>modules-update</c> to commit your changes to the
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<path>/etc/modules.conf</path> file:
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</p>
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<pre caption="Running modules-update">
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# <i>modules-update</i>
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</pre>
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<p>
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Continue the installation with <uri link="?part=1&chap=8">Configuring
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your System</uri>.
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</p>
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</body>
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</subsection>
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</section>
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</sections>
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