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2<!DOCTYPE sections SYSTEM "/dtd/book.dtd"> 2<!DOCTYPE sections SYSTEM "/dtd/book.dtd">
3 3
4<!-- The content of this document is licensed under the CC-BY-SA license --> 4<!-- The content of this document is licensed under the CC-BY-SA license -->
5<!-- See http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5 --> 5<!-- See http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5 -->
6 6
7<!-- $Header: /var/cvsroot/gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en/handbook/hb-install-ppc-medium.xml,v 1.57 2007/07/13 08:40:58 nightmorph Exp $ --> 7<!-- $Header: /var/cvsroot/gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en/handbook/hb-install-ppc-medium.xml,v 1.66 2011/05/16 19:11:46 nightmorph Exp $ -->
8 8
9<sections> 9<sections>
10 10
11<abstract>
12You can install Gentoo in many ways. This chapter explains how to install
13Gentoo using the minimal Installation CD.
14</abstract>
15
11<version>8.1</version> 16<version>11</version>
12<date>2007-06-29</date> 17<date>2011-05-16</date>
13 18
14<section> 19<section>
15<title>Hardware Requirements</title> 20<title>Hardware Requirements</title>
16<subsection> 21<subsection>
17<title>Introduction</title> 22<title>Introduction</title>
… …
38</tr> 43</tr>
39<tr> 44<tr>
40 <th>Apple OldWorld machines</th> 45 <th>Apple OldWorld machines</th>
41 <ti> 46 <ti>
42 Apple Machines with an Open Firmware revision less than 3, such as the Beige 47 Apple Machines with an Open Firmware revision less than 3, such as the Beige
43 G3s, PCI PowerMacs and PCI PowerBooks. PCI based Apple Clones should also 48 G3s, PCI PowerMacs and PCI PowerBooks. PCI-based Apple Clones should also
44 be supported. 49 be supported.
45 </ti> 50 </ti>
46</tr> 51</tr>
47<tr> 52<tr>
48 <th>Genesi</th> 53 <th>Genesi</th>
… …
77</p> 82</p>
78 83
79</body> 84</body>
80</subsection> 85</subsection>
81</section> 86</section>
82<!-- Copy/paste of hb-install-x86-medium.xml, with s/x86/ppc/ --> 87
83<!-- START --> 88<!-- START -->
84<section> 89<section>
85<title>The Gentoo Universal Installation CD</title> 90<title>The Gentoo Installation CDs</title>
86<subsection> 91<subsection>
87<title>Introduction</title> 92<title>Introduction</title>
88<body> 93<body>
89 94
90<p> 95<p>
91Gentoo Linux can be installed using a <e>stage3</e> tarball file. 96The <e>Gentoo Installation CDs</e> are bootable CDs which contain a
92Such a tarball is an archive that contains a minimal environment from 97self-sustained Gentoo environment. They allow you to boot Linux from the CD.
93which you can succesfully install Gentoo Linux onto your system. 98During the boot process your hardware is detected and the appropriate drivers
94</p> 99are loaded. They are maintained by Gentoo developers.
95
96<p> 100</p>
97Installations using a stage1 or stage2 tarball file are not documented in the 101
98Gentoo Handbook - please read the <uri link="/doc/en/faq.xml#stage12">Gentoo
99FAQ</uri> on these matters.
100</p> 102<p>
101 103All Installation CDs allow you to boot, set up networking, initialize your
102</body> 104partitions and start installing Gentoo from the Internet.
103</subsection>
104<subsection>
105<title>Gentoo Universal Installation CD</title>
106<body>
107
108<p> 105</p>
109An Installation CD is a bootable medium which contains a self-sustained Gentoo 106
110environment. It allows you to boot Linux from the CD. During the boot process 107<!--
111your hardware is detected and the appropriate drivers are loaded. The Gentoo 108<impo>
112Installation CDs are maintained by Gentoo developers. 109If you wish to install Gentoo without a working Internet connection, or would
110like to use one of the provided installers, please use the installation
111instructions described in the <uri link="2008.0/">Gentoo 2008.0
112Handbooks</uri>.
113</impo>
114-->
115<!--
113</p> 116<p>
114 117The Installation CDs that we currently provide are:
115<p>
116There currently are two Installation CDs available:
117</p> 118</p>
118 119
119<ul> 120<ul>
121 <li>
122 The Gentoo <e>Minimal</e> Installation CD, a small, no-nonsense, bootable
123 CD which sole purpose is to boot the system, prepare the networking and
124 continue with the Gentoo installation.
125 </li>
120 <li> 126 <li>
121 The Universal Installation CD contains everything you need to install 127 The Universal Installation CD contains everything you need to install
122 Gentoo. It provides stage3 files for common architectures, source code 128 Gentoo. It provides stage3 files for common architectures, source code
123 for the extra applications you need to choose from and, of course, the 129 for the extra applications you need to choose from and, of course, the
124 installation instructions for your architecture. 130 installation instructions for your architecture.
125 </li> 131 </li>
126 <li>
127 The Minimal Installation CD contains only a minimal environment that allows
128 you to boot up and configure your network so you can connect to the
129 Internet. It does not contain any additional files and cannot be used
130 during the current installation approach.
131 </li>
132</ul> 132</ul>
133 133
134<p> 134<p>
135Gentoo also provides a Package CD. This is not an Installation CD but an 135Gentoo also provides a Package CD. This is not an Installation CD but an
136additional resource that you can exploit during the installation of your Gentoo 136additional resource that you can exploit during the installation of your Gentoo
… …
141</p> 141</p>
142 142
143<p> 143<p>
144The use of the Package CD is covered later in this document. 144The use of the Package CD is covered later in this document.
145</p> 145</p>
146-->
147</body>
148</subsection>
149<subsection>
150<title>Gentoo Minimal Installation CD</title>
151<body>
152
153<p>
154The Minimal Installation CD is called <c><keyval id="min-cd-name"/></c> and
155takes up only <keyval id="min-cd-size"/> MB of diskspace. You can use this
156Installation CD to install Gentoo, but <e>only</e> with a working Internet
157connection.
158</p>
159<!--
160<table>
161<tr>
162 <th>Minimal Installation CD</th>
163 <th>Pros and Cons</th>
164</tr>
165<tr>
166 <th>+</th>
167 <ti>Smallest download</ti>
168</tr>
169<tr>
170 <th>-</th>
171 <ti>
172 Contains no stage3 tarball, no Portage snapshot, no prebuilt packages and
173 is therefore not suitable for networkless installation
174 </ti>
175</tr>
176</table>
177-->
178</body>
179</subsection>
180<subsection>
181<title>The Stage3 Tarball</title>
182<body>
183
184<p>
185A stage3 tarball is an archive containing a minimal Gentoo environment,
186suitable to continue the Gentoo installation using the instructions in this
187manual. Previously, the Gentoo Handbook described the installation using one of
188three stage tarballs. While Gentoo still offers stage1 and stage2 tarballs, the
189official installation method uses the stage3 tarball. If you are interested in
190performing a Gentoo installation using a stage1 or stage2 tarball, please read
191the Gentoo FAQ on <uri link="/doc/en/faq.xml#stage12">How do I Install Gentoo
192Using a Stage1 or Stage2 Tarball?</uri>
193</p>
194
195<p>
196Stage3 tarballs can be downloaded from <path><keyval
197id="release-dir"/>current-stage3/</path> on any of the <uri
198link="/main/en/mirrors.xml">Official Gentoo Mirrors</uri> and are not provided
199on the LiveCD.
200</p>
146 201
147</body> 202</body>
148</subsection> 203</subsection>
149</section> 204</section>
205
206
150<!-- STOP --> 207<!-- STOP -->
151<section> 208<section>
152<title>Download, Burn and Boot the Gentoo Universal Installation CD</title> 209<title>Download, Burn and Boot a Gentoo Installation CD</title>
153<subsection> 210<subsection>
154<title>Downloading and Burning the Installation CD</title> 211<title>Downloading and Burning the Installation CDs</title>
155<body> 212<body>
156 213
214<p>
215You have chosen to use a Gentoo Installation CD. We'll first start by
216downloading and burning the chosen Installation CD. We previously discussed
217the several available Installation CDs, but where can you find them?
157<p> 218</p>
158You can download the Universal Installation CD (and, if you want to, the 219
159Packages CD as well) from one of our <uri 220<p>
221You can download any of the Installation CDs from one of our <uri
160link="/main/en/mirrors.xml">mirrors</uri>. The Installation CDs are located in 222link="/main/en/mirrors.xml">mirrors</uri>. The Installation CDs are located in
161the <path><keyval id="release-dir"/>installcd</path> directory; the Package CDs
162are located in the <path><keyval id="release-dir"/>packagecd</path> directory. 223the <path><keyval id="release-dir"/>current-iso/</path> directory.
163</p>
164
165<p> 224</p>
225
226<p>
166Inside those directories you'll find ISO-files. Those are full CD images which 227Inside that directory you'll find ISO files. Those are full CD images which you
167you can write on a CD-R. 228can write on a CD-R.
168</p>
169
170<p> 229</p>
171After downloading the file, you can verify its integrity to see if it is 230
172corrupted or not:
173</p> 231<p>
174 232In case you wonder if your downloaded file is corrupted or not, you can check
175<ul>
176 <li>
177 You can check its MD5 checksum and compare it with the MD5 checksum we 233its MD5 checksum and compare it with the MD5 checksum we provide (such as
234<path><keyval id="min-cd-name"/>.DIGESTS</path>). You can check the MD5
178 provide (for instance with the <c>md5sum</c> tool under Linux/Unix or 235checksum with the <c>md5sum</c> tool under Linux/Unix or <uri
179 <uri link="http://www.etree.org/md5com.html">md5sum</uri> for Windows). 236link="http://www.etree.org/md5com.html">md5sum</uri> for Windows.
180 Verifying MD5 checksums with Mac OS X is described in the <uri
181 link="/doc/en/gentoo-ppc-faq.xml#doc_chap1">Gentoo PPC FAQ</uri>.
182 </li>
183 <li>
184 You can verify the cryptographic signature that we provide. You need to
185 obtain the public key we use (0x17072058) before you proceed though.
186 </li>
187</ul>
188
189<p> 237</p>
190To fetch our public key using the GnuPG application, run the following command: 238
239<p>
240Another way to check the validity of the downloaded file is to use GnuPG to
241verify the cryptographic signature that we provide (the file ending with
242<path>.asc</path>). Download the signature file and obtain the public key:
191</p> 243</p>
192 244
193<pre caption="Obtaining the public key"> 245<pre caption="Obtaining the public key">
194$ <i>gpg --keyserver subkeys.pgp.net --recv-keys 0x17072058</i> 246$ <i>gpg --keyserver subkeys.pgp.net --recv-keys 2D182910</i>
195</pre> 247</pre>
196 248
197<p> 249<p>
198Now verify the signature: 250Now verify the signature:
199</p> 251</p>
200 252
201<pre caption="Verify the cryptographic signature"> 253<pre caption="Verify the files">
202$ <i>gpg --verify &lt;signature file&gt; &lt;downloaded iso&gt;</i> 254<comment>(Verify the cryptographic signature)</comment>
255$ <i>gpg --verify &lt;downloaded iso.DIGESTS.asc&gt;</i>
256<comment>(Verify the checksum)</comment>
257$ <i>sha1sum -c &lt;downloaded iso.DIGESTS.asc&gt;</i>
203</pre> 258</pre>
204 259
205<p> 260<p>
206To burn the downloaded ISO(s), you have to select raw-burning. How you 261To burn the downloaded ISO(s), you have to select raw-burning. How you
207do this is highly program-dependent. We will discuss <c>cdrecord</c> and 262do this is highly program-dependent. We will discuss <c>cdrecord</c> and
… …
237After the Installation CD loaded, you will be greeted by a friendly welcome 292After the Installation CD loaded, you will be greeted by a friendly welcome
238message and a <e>boot:</e> prompt at the bottom of the screen. 293message and a <e>boot:</e> prompt at the bottom of the screen.
239</p> 294</p>
240 295
241<p> 296<p>
242We provide one generic kernel, <e>apple</e>. This kernel is built with support 297We provide one generic kernel, <e>ppc32</e>. This kernel is built with support
243for multiple CPUs, but it will boot on single processor machines as well. 298for multiple CPUs, but it will boot on single processor machines as well.
244</p> 299</p>
245 300
246<p> 301<p>
247You can tweak some kernel options at this prompt. The following table lists 302You can tweak some kernel options at this prompt. The following table lists
… …
283 <ti> 338 <ti>
284 If you want to use PCMCIA devices during your installation (like PCMCIA 339 If you want to use PCMCIA devices during your installation (like PCMCIA
285 network cards) you have to enable this option. 340 network cards) you have to enable this option.
286 </ti> 341 </ti>
287</tr> 342</tr>
343<tr>
344 <ti><c>dosshd</c></ti>
345 <ti>Starts <c>sshd</c>. Useful for unattended installs.</ti>
346</tr>
347<tr>
348 <ti><c>passwd=foo</c></ti>
349 <ti>
350 Sets whatever is after the = as the root password. Use with <c>dosshd</c>
351 for remote installs.
352 </ti>
353</tr>
288</table> 354</table>
289 355
290<p> 356<p>
291To use the above options, at the <e>boot:</e> prompt, type <e>apple</e> followed 357To use the above options, at the <e>boot:</e> prompt, type <e>ppc32</e> followed
292by the desired option. In the example below, we'll force the kernel to use the 358by the desired option. In the example below, we'll force the kernel to use the
293Open Firmware framebuffer instead of the device specific driver. 359Open Firmware framebuffer instead of the device specific driver.
294</p> 360</p>
295 361
296<pre caption="Force the use of the Open Firmware framebuffer"> 362<pre caption="Force the use of the Open Firmware framebuffer">
297boot: <i>apple video=ofonly</i> 363boot: <i>ppc32 video=ofonly</i>
298</pre> 364</pre>
299 365
300<p> 366<p>
301If you don't need to add any options, just hit enter at this prompt, and a 367If you don't need to add any options, just type ppc32 at this prompt, and a
302complete Gentoo Linux environment will be loaded from the CD. Continue with 368complete Gentoo Linux environment will be loaded from the CD. Continue with
303<uri link="#booted">And When You're Booted...</uri>. 369<uri link="#booted">And When You're Booted...</uri>.
304</p> 370</p>
305 371
306</body> 372</body>
… …
332The most simple solution is to use MacOS 9 or earlier to bootstrap into a Linux 398The most simple solution is to use MacOS 9 or earlier to bootstrap into a Linux
333environment with a tool called BootX. 399environment with a tool called BootX.
334</p> 400</p>
335 401
336<p> 402<p>
337First, download <uri link="http://penguinppc.org/projects/bootx/">BootX</uri> 403First, download <uri link="http://penguinppc.org/bootloaders/bootx/">BootX</uri>
338and unpack the archive. Copy the the <c>BootX Extension</c> from the unpacked 404and unpack the archive. Copy the the <c>BootX Extension</c> from the unpacked
339archive into <c>Extensions Folder</c> and the BootX App Control Panel into 405archive into <c>Extensions Folder</c> and the BootX App Control Panel into
340<c>Control Panels</c>, both of which are located in your MacOS System Folder. 406<c>Control Panels</c>, both of which are located in your MacOS System Folder.
341Next, create a folder called "Linux Kernels" in your System folder and copy the 407Next, create a folder called "Linux Kernels" in your System folder and copy the
342<c>apple</c> kernel from the CD to this folder. Finally, copy <c>apple.igz</c> 408<c>ppc32</c> kernel from the CD to this folder. Finally, copy <c>ppc32.igz</c>
343from the Installation CD <path>boot</path> folder into the MacOS 409from the Installation CD <path>boot</path> folder into the MacOS
344<c>System Folder</c>. 410<c>System Folder</c>.
345</p> 411</p>
346 412
347<p> 413<p>
348To prepare BootX, start the BootX App Control Panel. First select the Options 414To prepare BootX, start the BootX App Control Panel. First select the Options
349dialog and check <c>Use Specified RAM Disk</c> and select <c>apple.igz</c> from 415dialog and check <c>Use Specified RAM Disk</c> and select <c>ppc32.igz</c> from
350your System Folder. Continue back to the initial screen and ensure that the 416your System Folder. Continue back to the initial screen and ensure that the
351ramdisk size is at least <c>32000</c>. Finally, set the kernel arguments as 417ramdisk size is at least <c>32000</c>. Finally, set the kernel arguments as
352shown below: 418shown below:
353</p> 419</p>
354 420
… …
384</p> 450</p>
385 451
386<p> 452<p>
387If you are installing Gentoo on a system with a non-US keyboard, use 453If you are installing Gentoo on a system with a non-US keyboard, use
388<c>loadkeys</c> to load the keymap for your keyboard. To list the available 454<c>loadkeys</c> to load the keymap for your keyboard. To list the available
389keymaps, execute <c>ls /usr/share/keymaps/i386</c>. On NewWorld machines or the 455keymaps, execute <c>ls /usr/share/keymaps/i386</c>.
390Pegasos do not use the keymaps in <path>ppc</path> or <path>mac</path> as they
391are for ADB-based OldWorld machines.
392</p> 456</p>
393 457
394<pre caption="Listing available keymaps"> 458<pre caption="Listing available keymaps">
395<comment>(PPC uses x86 keymaps on most systems. The mac/ppc keymaps provided 459<comment>(PPC uses x86 keymaps on most systems.)</comment>
396 on the Installation CD are ADB keymaps and unusable with the Installation CD
397 kernel)</comment>
398# <i>ls /usr/share/keymaps/i386</i> 460# <i>ls /usr/share/keymaps/i386</i>
399</pre> 461</pre>
400 462
401<p> 463<p>
402Now load the keymap of your choice: 464Now load the keymap of your choice:
… …
410Now continue with <uri link="#hardware">Extra Hardware Configuration</uri>. 472Now continue with <uri link="#hardware">Extra Hardware Configuration</uri>.
411</p> 473</p>
412 474
413</body> 475</body>
414</subsection> 476</subsection>
415<subsection id="hardware">
416<title>Extra Hardware Configuration</title>
417<body>
418 477
419<p>
420When the Installation CD boots, it tries to detect all your hardware devices and
421loads the appropriate kernel modules to support your hardware. In the
422vast majority of cases, it does a very good job. However, in some cases, it may
423not auto-load the kernel modules you need. If the PCI auto-detection missed some
424of your system's hardware, you will have to load the appropriate kernel modules
425manually.
426</p>
427
428<p>
429In the next example we try to load the <c>airport</c> module. This module
430supports only the old Airport cards (802.11b). Airport Extreme (802.11g) is not
431supported on the InstallCD due to restrictions on firmware distribution.
432</p>
433
434<pre caption="Loading the airport module">
435# <i>modprobe airport</i>
436</pre>
437
438<p>
439On older iMacs, sometimes the network card is not detected properly. These use
440the BMAC driver:
441</p>
442
443<pre caption="Loading the bmac module">
444# <i>modprobe bmac</i>
445</pre>
446
447</body>
448</subsection> 478<subsection>
479<include href="hb-install-bootconfig.xml"/>
449<subsection> 480</subsection>
450<title>Optional: Tweaking Hard Disk Performance</title>
451<body>
452 481
453<p>
454If you are an advanced user, you might want to tweak the IDE hard disk
455performance using <c>hdparm</c>. With the <c>-tT</c> options you can
456test the performance of your disk (execute it several times to get a
457more precise impression):
458</p>
459
460<pre caption="Testing disk performance">
461# <i>hdparm -tT /dev/hda</i>
462</pre>
463
464<p>
465To tweak, you can use any of the following examples (or experiment
466yourself) which use <path>/dev/hda</path> as disk (substitute with your
467disk):
468</p>
469
470<pre caption="Tweaking hard disk performance">
471<comment>Activate DMA:</comment>
472# <i>hdparm -d 1 /dev/hda</i>
473<comment>Activate DMA + Safe Performance-enhancing Options:</comment>
474# <i>hdparm -d 1 -A 1 -m 16 -u 1 -a 64 /dev/hda</i>
475</pre>
476
477</body>
478</subsection>
479<subsection id="useraccounts">
480<title>Optional: User Accounts</title>
481<body>
482
483<p>
484If you plan on giving other people access to your installation
485environment or you want to chat using <c>irssi</c> without root privileges (for
486security reasons), you need to create the necessary user accounts and change
487the root password.
488</p>
489
490<p>
491To change the root password, use the <c>passwd</c> utility:
492</p>
493
494<pre caption="Changing the root password">
495# <i>passwd</i>
496New password: <comment>(Enter your new password)</comment>
497Re-enter password: <comment>(Re-enter your password)</comment>
498</pre>
499
500<p>
501To create a user account, we first enter their credentials, followed by
502its password. We use <c>useradd</c> and <c>passwd</c> for these tasks.
503In the next example, we create a user called &quot;john&quot;.
504</p>
505
506<pre caption="Creating a user account">
507# <i>useradd -m -G users john</i>
508# <i>passwd john</i>
509New password: <comment>(Enter john's password)</comment>
510Re-enter password: <comment>(Re-enter john's password)</comment>
511</pre>
512
513<p>
514You can change your user id from root to the newly created user by using
515<c>su</c>:
516</p>
517
518<pre caption="Changing user id">
519# <i>su - john</i>
520</pre>
521
522</body>
523</subsection>
524<subsection>
525<title>Optional: Viewing Documentation while Installing</title>
526<body>
527
528<p>
529If you want to view the Gentoo Handbook (either from-CD or online) during the
530installation, make sure you have created a user account (see <uri
531link="#useraccounts">Optional: User Accounts</uri>). Then press <c>Alt-F2</c> to
532go to a new terminal and log in.
533</p>
534
535<p>
536If you want to view the documentation on the CD you can immediately run
537<c>links</c> or even <c>links -g</c> for a graphical framebuffer browser to
538read it:
539</p>
540
541<pre caption="Viewing the on-CD documentation">
542# <i>links /mnt/cdrom/docs/html/index.html</i>
543</pre>
544
545<p>
546However, it is preferred that you use the online Gentoo Handbook as it will be
547more recent than the one provided on the CD. You can view it using <c>links</c>
548as well, but only after having completed the <e>Configuring your Network</e>
549chapter (otherwise you won't be able to go on the Internet to view the
550document):
551</p>
552
553<pre caption="Viewing the Online Documentation">
554# <i>links http://www.gentoo.org/doc/en/handbook/<keyval id="online-book"/></i>
555</pre>
556
557<p>
558You can go back to your original terminal by pressing <c>Alt-F1</c>.
559</p>
560
561</body>
562</subsection>
563<subsection>
564<title>Optional: Starting the SSH Daemon</title>
565<body>
566
567<p>
568If you want to allow other users to access your computer during the
569Gentoo installation (perhaps because those users are going to help you
570install Gentoo, or even do it for you), you need to create a user
571account for them and perhaps even provide them with your root password
572(<e>only</e> do that <e>if</e> you <b>fully trust</b> that user).
573</p>
574
575<p>
576To fire up the SSH daemon, execute the following command:
577</p>
578
579<pre caption="Starting the SSH daemon">
580# <i>/etc/init.d/sshd start</i>
581</pre>
582
583<p>
584To be able to use sshd, you first need to set up your networking. Continue with
585the chapter on <uri link="?part=1&amp;chap=3">Configuring your Network</uri>.
586</p>
587
588</body>
589</subsection>
590</section> 482</section>
591</sections> 483</sections>
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