en/handbook/hb-install-ppc64-bootloader.xml

<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?>
<!DOCTYPE sections SYSTEM "/dtd/book.dtd">

<!-- The content of this document is licensed under the CC-BY-SA license -->
<!-- See http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5 -->

<!-- $Header: /var/cvsroot/gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en/handbook/hb-install-ppc64-bootloader.xml,v 1.30 2010/07/21 01:55:53 nightmorph Exp $ -->

<sections>

<abstract>
Several bootloaders exist. Each one of them has its own way of
configuration. In this chapter we'll describe all possibilities for you
and step you through the process of configuring a bootloader to your
needs.
</abstract>

<version>11</version>
<date>2011-05-09</date>

<section>
<title>Making your Choice</title>
<subsection>
<title>Introduction</title>
<body>

<p>
Now that your kernel is configured and compiled and the necessary system
configuration files are filled in correctly, it is time to install a
program that will fire up your kernel when you start the system. Such a
program is called a <e>bootloader</e>.
</p>

<p>
On Linux/PPC64 we have only yaBoot as a bootloader until grub2 is
finished.
</p>

</body>
</subsection>
</section>
<section id="yaboot">
<title>Using yaBoot</title>
<subsection>
<title>Introduction</title>
<body>

<impo>
If you are using a 64-bit userland, you must use the <c>yaboot-static</c>
package because yaboot cannot be compiled as a 64-bit application. The 32-bit
userlands should use the regular <c>yaboot</c> package.
</impo>

<p>
There are two ways to configure yaBoot for your system. You can use the new and
improved <c>yabootconfig</c> included with <path>yaboot-1.3.8-r1</path> and
later to automatically set up yaboot. If for some reason you do not want to run
<c>yabootconfig</c> to automatically set up <path>/etc/yaboot.conf</path> or you
are installing Gentoo on a G5 (on which <c>yabootconfig</c> does not always
work), you can just edit the sample file already installed on your system.
</p>

<impo>
yabootconfig/ybin won't work on IBM. You have to install yaboot another way:
<uri link="#yaboot-ibm">Using yaboot on IBM hardware</uri>
</impo>

<note>
If your root filesystem uses the JFS filesystem, be sure to add <c>ro</c> as a
kernel parameter. JFS must be able to replay its log in read-only mode before it
gets mounted read-write.
</note>

<ul>
  <li><uri link="#yabootconfig">Default: Using yabootconfig</uri></li>
  <li>
    <uri link="#manual_yaboot">Alternative: Manual yaBoot Configuration</uri>
  </li>
</ul>

</body>
</subsection>
<subsection id="yabootconfig">
<title>Default: Using yabootconfig</title>
<body>

<p>
<c>yabootconfig</c> will auto-detect the partitions on your machine and will
set up dual and triple boot combinations with Linux, Mac OS, and Mac OS
X.
</p>

<p>
To use <c>yabootconfig</c>, your drive must have a bootstrap partition, and
<path>/etc/fstab</path> must be configured with your Linux partitions. Both of 
these should have been done already in the steps above. To start, ensure that
you have the latest version of yaboot installed by running <c>emerge --update
yaboot-static</c>. This is necessary as the latest version will be available via
Portage, but it may not have made it into the stage files.
</p>

<pre caption = "Installing yaboot-static">
<comment>(For 64-bit users)</comment>
# <i>emerge --update yaboot-static</i>

<comment>(For 32-bit users)</comment>
# <i>emerge yaboot</i>
</pre>

<p>
Now run <c>yabootconfig</c>. The program will run and it will confirm the
location of the bootstrap partition. Type <c>Y</c> if it is correct. If not,
double check <path>/etc/fstab</path>. yabootconfig will then scan your system
setup, create <path>/etc/yaboot.conf</path> and run <c>mkofboot</c> for you.
<c>mkofboot</c> is used to format the bootstrap partition, and install the
yaboot configuration file into it.
</p>

<p>
You might want to verify the contents of <path>/etc/yaboot.conf</path>. If you
make changes to <path>/etc/yaboot.conf</path> (like setting the default/boot
OS), make sure to rerun <c>ybin -v</c> to apply changes to the bootstrap
partition.
</p>

<p>
Now continue with <uri link="#reboot">Rebooting your System</uri>.
</p>

</body>
</subsection>
<subsection id="manual_yaboot">
<title>Alternative: Manual yaBoot Configuration</title>
<body>

<p>
First make sure you have the latest <c>yaboot-static</c> installed on your
system:
</p>

<pre caption = "Installing yaboot">
<comment>(For 64-bit users)</comment>
# <i>emerge --update yaboot-static</i>

<comment>(For 32-bit users)</comment>
# <i>emerge yaboot</i>
</pre>

<p>
Below you find a completed <path>yaboot.conf</path> file. Alter it at
will.
</p>

<pre caption = "/etc/yaboot.conf">
<comment>## /etc/yaboot.conf
##
## run: "man yaboot.conf" for details. Do not make changes until you have!!
## see also: /usr/share/doc/yaboot/examples for example configurations.
##
## For a dual-boot menu, add one or more of:
## bsd=/dev/sdaX, macos=/dev/sdaY, macosx=/dev/sdaZ

## our bootstrap partition:</comment>

boot=/dev/sda2

<comment>## ofboot is the Open Firmware way to specify the bootstrap partition.
## If this isn't defined, yaboot fails on the G5 and some G4s (unless 
## you pass the necessary arguments to the mkofboot/ybin program).
## hd:X means /dev/sdaX.</comment>

ofboot=hd:2

<comment>## hd: is Open Firmware speak for sda</comment>
device=hd:

delay=5
defaultos=macosx
timeout=30
install=/usr/lib/yaboot/yaboot
magicboot=/usr/lib/yaboot/ofboot

<comment>#################
## This section can be duplicated if you have more than one kernel or set of
## boot options - replace <keyval id="kernel-name"/> with your kernel
#################</comment>
image=/boot/<keyval id="kernel-name"/>
  label=Linux
  root=/dev/sda3
  partition=3
  read-only

macos=hd:13
macosx=hd:12
enablecdboot
enableofboot
</pre>

<p>
Once <path>yaboot.conf</path> is set up the way you want it, you run <c>mkofboot
-v</c> to install the settings in the bootstrap partition.  <e>Don't forget
this!</e> Confirm when <c>mkofboot</c> asks you to create a new filesystem.
</p>

<p>
If all goes well, and you have the same options as the sample above, your next
reboot will give you a simple, five-entry boot menu. If you update your yaboot
config later on, you'll just need to run <c>ybin -v</c> to update the bootstrap
partition - <c>mkofboot</c> is for initial setup only.
</p>

<p>
For more information on yaboot, take a look at the <uri
link="http://penguinppc.org/projects/yaboot">yaboot project</uri>. For now,
continue the installation with <uri link="#reboot">Rebooting your System</uri>.
</p>

</body>
</subsection>
</section>
<section id="yaboot-ibm">
<title>Using yaboot on IBM hardware</title>
<body>

<p>
On IBM hardware you cannot run <c>yabootconfig</c> or <c>ybin</c>. You must
proceed with the following steps:
</p>

<ul>
  <li>Install yaboot-static</li>
  <li>
    Run <c>dd if=/usr/lib/yaboot/yaboot.chrp of=/dev/sdXX</c> (fill in XX with
    your disk and partition for the PReP partition; this was in our example
    <path>/dev/sda1</path>)
  </li>
  <li>
    Next construct your own <path>yaboot.conf</path> file and place into
    <path>/etc</path>. (Take a look at the config above, look into the man page
    of yaboot.conf or look at the below <path>yaboot.conf</path> example.)
  </li>
  <li>
    Assuming your boot device in OF is pointing to the harddrive you prep boot
    partition is on then it'll just work, otherwise at IPL time, go into the
    multiboot menu and set the boot device to the one with your prep boot
    partition
  </li>
  <li>That's it!</li>
</ul>

<pre caption="yaboot.conf for IBM hardware">
device=disk:
partition=2
root=/dev/sda2
default=linux
timeout=50

image=/boot/<keyval id="kernel-name"/>
    label=linux
    append="console=ttyS0,9600"
    read-only
</pre>

<p>
For POWER4, POWER5, and blade-based hardware where the PReP disk partition and
the disk partition that contains your kernel are on the same physical disk, you
can use a simplified <path>yaboot.conf</path>. The following should be
sufficient:
</p>

<pre caption="yaboot.conf for PReP hardware">
default = linux
timeout = 100
image=/boot/<keyval id="kernel-name"/>
        label=linux
        read-only
        root = /dev/sda2
        append="root=/dev/sda2"
</pre>

<p>
To verify that yaboot has been copied to the PReP partition:
</p>

<pre caption="Verifying the yaboot install on PReP">
# <i>dd if=/dev/sda1 count=10 | grep ELF</i>
Binary file (standard input) matches
10+0 records in
10+0 records out
</pre>

<p>
A match signifies that yaboot was installed correctly.
</p>

</body>
</section>
<section id="reboot">
<title>Rebooting the System</title>
<subsection>
<body>

<p>
Exit the chrooted environment and unmount all mounted partitions. Then type in 
that one magical command you have been waiting for: <c>reboot</c>.
</p>

<pre caption="Exiting the chroot, unmounting all partitions and rebooting">
# <i>exit</i>
~# <i>cd</i>
~# <i>umount -l /mnt/gentoo/dev{/shm,/pts,}</i>
~# <i>umount -l /mnt/gentoo{/boot,/proc,}</i>
~# <i>reboot</i>
</pre>

<p>
Of course, don't forget to remove the bootable CD, otherwise the CD will be
booted again instead of your new Gentoo system.
</p>

<p>
Once rebooted in your Gentoo installation, finish up with <uri
link="?part=1&amp;chap=11">Finalizing your Gentoo Installation</uri>.
</p>

</body>
</subsection>
</section>

</sections>
1	<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?>
2	<!DOCTYPE sections SYSTEM "/dtd/book.dtd">
3
4	<!-- The content of this document is licensed under the CC-BY-SA license -->
5	<!-- See http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5 -->
6
7	<!-- $Header: /var/cvsroot/gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en/handbook/hb-install-ppc64-bootloader.xml,v 1.30 2010/07/21 01:55:53 nightmorph Exp $ -->
8
9	<sections>
10
11	<abstract>
12	Several bootloaders exist. Each one of them has its own way of
13	configuration. In this chapter we'll describe all possibilities for you
14	and step you through the process of configuring a bootloader to your
15	needs.
16	</abstract>
17
18	<version>11</version>
19	<date>2011-05-09</date>
20
21	<section>
22	<title>Making your Choice</title>
23	<subsection>
24	<title>Introduction</title>
25	<body>
26
27	<p>
28	Now that your kernel is configured and compiled and the necessary system
29	configuration files are filled in correctly, it is time to install a
30	program that will fire up your kernel when you start the system. Such a
31	program is called a <e>bootloader</e>.
32	</p>
33
34	<p>
35	On Linux/PPC64 we have only yaBoot as a bootloader until grub2 is
36	finished.
37	</p>
38
39	</body>
40	</subsection>
41	</section>
42	<section id="yaboot">
43	<title>Using yaBoot</title>
44	<subsection>
45	<title>Introduction</title>
46	<body>
47
48	<impo>
49	If you are using a 64-bit userland, you must use the <c>yaboot-static</c>
50	package because yaboot cannot be compiled as a 64-bit application. The 32-bit
51	userlands should use the regular <c>yaboot</c> package.
52	</impo>
53
54	<p>
55	There are two ways to configure yaBoot for your system. You can use the new and
56	improved <c>yabootconfig</c> included with <path>yaboot-1.3.8-r1</path> and
57	later to automatically set up yaboot. If for some reason you do not want to run
58	<c>yabootconfig</c> to automatically set up <path>/etc/yaboot.conf</path> or you
59	are installing Gentoo on a G5 (on which <c>yabootconfig</c> does not always
60	work), you can just edit the sample file already installed on your system.
61	</p>
62
63	<impo>
64	yabootconfig/ybin won't work on IBM. You have to install yaboot another way:
65	<uri link="#yaboot-ibm">Using yaboot on IBM hardware</uri>
66	</impo>
67
68	<note>
69	If your root filesystem uses the JFS filesystem, be sure to add <c>ro</c> as a
70	kernel parameter. JFS must be able to replay its log in read-only mode before it
71	gets mounted read-write.
72	</note>
73
74	<ul>
75	<li><uri link="#yabootconfig">Default: Using yabootconfig</uri></li>
76	<li>
77	<uri link="#manual_yaboot">Alternative: Manual yaBoot Configuration</uri>
78	</li>
79	</ul>
80
81	</body>
82	</subsection>
83	<subsection id="yabootconfig">
84	<title>Default: Using yabootconfig</title>
85	<body>
86
87	<p>
88	<c>yabootconfig</c> will auto-detect the partitions on your machine and will
89	set up dual and triple boot combinations with Linux, Mac OS, and Mac OS
90	X.
91	</p>
92
93	<p>
94	To use <c>yabootconfig</c>, your drive must have a bootstrap partition, and
95	<path>/etc/fstab</path> must be configured with your Linux partitions. Both of
96	these should have been done already in the steps above. To start, ensure that
97	you have the latest version of yaboot installed by running <c>emerge --update
98	yaboot-static</c>. This is necessary as the latest version will be available via
99	Portage, but it may not have made it into the stage files.
100	</p>
101
102	<pre caption = "Installing yaboot-static">
103	<comment>(For 64-bit users)</comment>
104	# <i>emerge --update yaboot-static</i>
105
106	<comment>(For 32-bit users)</comment>
107	# <i>emerge yaboot</i>
108	</pre>
109
110	<p>
111	Now run <c>yabootconfig</c>. The program will run and it will confirm the
112	location of the bootstrap partition. Type <c>Y</c> if it is correct. If not,
113	double check <path>/etc/fstab</path>. yabootconfig will then scan your system
114	setup, create <path>/etc/yaboot.conf</path> and run <c>mkofboot</c> for you.
115	<c>mkofboot</c> is used to format the bootstrap partition, and install the
116	yaboot configuration file into it.
117	</p>
118
119	<p>
120	You might want to verify the contents of <path>/etc/yaboot.conf</path>. If you
121	make changes to <path>/etc/yaboot.conf</path> (like setting the default/boot
122	OS), make sure to rerun <c>ybin -v</c> to apply changes to the bootstrap
123	partition.
124	</p>
125
126	<p>
127	Now continue with <uri link="#reboot">Rebooting your System</uri>.
128	</p>
129
130	</body>
131	</subsection>
132	<subsection id="manual_yaboot">
133	<title>Alternative: Manual yaBoot Configuration</title>
134	<body>
135
136	<p>
137	First make sure you have the latest <c>yaboot-static</c> installed on your
138	system:
139	</p>
140
141	<pre caption = "Installing yaboot">
142	<comment>(For 64-bit users)</comment>
143	# <i>emerge --update yaboot-static</i>
144
145	<comment>(For 32-bit users)</comment>
146	# <i>emerge yaboot</i>
147	</pre>
148
149	<p>
150	Below you find a completed <path>yaboot.conf</path> file. Alter it at
151	will.
152	</p>
153
154	<pre caption = "/etc/yaboot.conf">
155	<comment>## /etc/yaboot.conf
156	##
157	## run: "man yaboot.conf" for details. Do not make changes until you have!!
158	## see also: /usr/share/doc/yaboot/examples for example configurations.
159	##
160	## For a dual-boot menu, add one or more of:
161	## bsd=/dev/sdaX, macos=/dev/sdaY, macosx=/dev/sdaZ
162
163	## our bootstrap partition:</comment>
164
165	boot=/dev/sda2
166
167	<comment>## ofboot is the Open Firmware way to specify the bootstrap partition.
168	## If this isn't defined, yaboot fails on the G5 and some G4s (unless
169	## you pass the necessary arguments to the mkofboot/ybin program).
170	## hd:X means /dev/sdaX.</comment>
171
172	ofboot=hd:2
173
174	<comment>## hd: is Open Firmware speak for sda</comment>
175	device=hd:
176
177	delay=5
178	defaultos=macosx
179	timeout=30
180	install=/usr/lib/yaboot/yaboot
181	magicboot=/usr/lib/yaboot/ofboot
182
183	<comment>#################
184	## This section can be duplicated if you have more than one kernel or set of
185	## boot options - replace <keyval id="kernel-name"/> with your kernel
186	#################</comment>
187	image=/boot/<keyval id="kernel-name"/>
188	label=Linux
189	root=/dev/sda3
190	partition=3
191	read-only
192
193	macos=hd:13
194	macosx=hd:12
195	enablecdboot
196	enableofboot
197	</pre>
198
199	<p>
200	Once <path>yaboot.conf</path> is set up the way you want it, you run <c>mkofboot
201	-v</c> to install the settings in the bootstrap partition. <e>Don't forget
202	this!</e> Confirm when <c>mkofboot</c> asks you to create a new filesystem.
203	</p>
204
205	<p>
206	If all goes well, and you have the same options as the sample above, your next
207	reboot will give you a simple, five-entry boot menu. If you update your yaboot
208	config later on, you'll just need to run <c>ybin -v</c> to update the bootstrap
209	partition - <c>mkofboot</c> is for initial setup only.
210	</p>
211
212	<p>
213	For more information on yaboot, take a look at the <uri
214	link="http://penguinppc.org/projects/yaboot">yaboot project</uri>. For now,
215	continue the installation with <uri link="#reboot">Rebooting your System</uri>.
216	</p>
217
218	</body>
219	</subsection>
220	</section>
221	<section id="yaboot-ibm">
222	<title>Using yaboot on IBM hardware</title>
223	<body>
224
225	<p>
226	On IBM hardware you cannot run <c>yabootconfig</c> or <c>ybin</c>. You must
227	proceed with the following steps:
228	</p>
229
230	<ul>
231	<li>Install yaboot-static</li>
232	<li>
233	Run <c>dd if=/usr/lib/yaboot/yaboot.chrp of=/dev/sdXX</c> (fill in XX with
234	your disk and partition for the PReP partition; this was in our example
235	<path>/dev/sda1</path>)
236	</li>
237	<li>
238	Next construct your own <path>yaboot.conf</path> file and place into
239	<path>/etc</path>. (Take a look at the config above, look into the man page
240	of yaboot.conf or look at the below <path>yaboot.conf</path> example.)
241	</li>
242	<li>
243	Assuming your boot device in OF is pointing to the harddrive you prep boot
244	partition is on then it'll just work, otherwise at IPL time, go into the
245	multiboot menu and set the boot device to the one with your prep boot
246	partition
247	</li>
248	<li>That's it!</li>
249	</ul>
250
251	<pre caption="yaboot.conf for IBM hardware">
252	device=disk:
253	partition=2
254	root=/dev/sda2
255	default=linux
256	timeout=50
257
258	image=/boot/<keyval id="kernel-name"/>
259	label=linux
260	append="console=ttyS0,9600"
261	read-only
262	</pre>
263
264	<p>
265	For POWER4, POWER5, and blade-based hardware where the PReP disk partition and
266	the disk partition that contains your kernel are on the same physical disk, you
267	can use a simplified <path>yaboot.conf</path>. The following should be
268	sufficient:
269	</p>
270
271	<pre caption="yaboot.conf for PReP hardware">
272	default = linux
273	timeout = 100
274	image=/boot/<keyval id="kernel-name"/>
275	label=linux
276	read-only
277	root = /dev/sda2
278	append="root=/dev/sda2"
279	</pre>
280
281	<p>
282	To verify that yaboot has been copied to the PReP partition:
283	</p>
284
285	<pre caption="Verifying the yaboot install on PReP">
286	# <i>dd if=/dev/sda1 count=10 \| grep ELF</i>
287	Binary file (standard input) matches
288	10+0 records in
289	10+0 records out
290	</pre>
291
292	<p>
293	A match signifies that yaboot was installed correctly.
294	</p>
295
296	</body>
297	</section>
298	<section id="reboot">
299	<title>Rebooting the System</title>
300	<subsection>
301	<body>
302
303	<p>
304	Exit the chrooted environment and unmount all mounted partitions. Then type in
305	that one magical command you have been waiting for: <c>reboot</c>.
306	</p>
307
308	<pre caption="Exiting the chroot, unmounting all partitions and rebooting">
309	# <i>exit</i>
310	~# <i>cd</i>
311	~# <i>umount -l /mnt/gentoo/dev{/shm,/pts,}</i>
312	~# <i>umount -l /mnt/gentoo{/boot,/proc,}</i>
313	~# <i>reboot</i>
314	</pre>
315
316	<p>
317	Of course, don't forget to remove the bootable CD, otherwise the CD will be
318	booted again instead of your new Gentoo system.
319	</p>
320
321	<p>
322	Once rebooted in your Gentoo installation, finish up with <uri
323	link="?part=1&chap=11">Finalizing your Gentoo Installation</uri>.
324	</p>
325
326	</body>
327	</subsection>
328	</section>
329
330	</sections>