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<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?> |
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<!DOCTYPE sections SYSTEM "/dtd/book.dtd"> |
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|
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<!-- The content of this document is licensed under the CC-BY-SA license --> |
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<!-- See http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/1.0 --> |
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|
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<!-- $Header: /var/cvsroot/gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en/handbook/hb-install-ppc64-medium.xml,v 1.16 2005/02/14 15:55:13 swift Exp $ --> |
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|
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<sections> |
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|
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<version>2.00</version> |
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<date>2005-03-28</date> |
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|
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<section> |
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<title>Hardware Requirements</title> |
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<subsection> |
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<title>Introduction</title> |
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<body> |
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|
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<p> |
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Before we start, we first list what hardware requirements you need to |
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successfully install Gentoo on your box. |
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</p> |
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|
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</body> |
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</subsection> |
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<subsection> |
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<title>Hardware Requirements</title> |
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<body> |
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|
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<table> |
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<tr> |
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<th>CPU</th> |
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<ti>Any PowerPC64 CPU</ti> |
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</tr> |
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<tr> |
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<th>Systems</th> |
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<ti> |
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IBM RS/6000s, Power Macintosh G5, IBP pSeries and IBM iSeries |
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</ti> |
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</tr> |
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<tr> |
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<th>Memory</th> |
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<ti>64 MB</ti> |
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</tr> |
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<tr> |
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<th>Diskspace</th> |
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<ti>1.5 GB (excluding swap space)</ti> |
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</tr> |
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<tr> |
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<th>Swap space</th> |
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<ti>At least 256 MB</ti> |
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</tr> |
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</table> |
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|
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<p> |
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For a full list of supported systems, please go to |
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<uri>http://www.linuxppc64.org/hardware.shtml</uri>. |
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</p> |
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|
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</body> |
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</subsection> |
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</section> |
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<!-- Copy/paste from hb-install-x86-medium.xml, with s/x86/ppc64/ --> |
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<!-- START --> |
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<section> |
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<title>The Gentoo Installation Approaches</title> |
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<subsection> |
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<title>Introduction</title> |
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<body> |
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|
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<p> |
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Gentoo Linux can be installed using one of three <e>stage</e> tarball files. |
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A stage file is a tarball (compressed archive) that contains a minimal |
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environment. |
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</p> |
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|
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<ul> |
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<li> |
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A stage1 file contains nothing more than a compiler, Portage (Gentoo's |
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software management system) and a couple of packages on which the compiler |
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or Portage depends. |
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</li> |
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<li> |
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A stage2 file contains a so-called bootstrapped system, a minimal |
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environment from which one can start building all other necessary |
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applications that make a Gentoo environment complete. |
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</li> |
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<li> |
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A stage3 file contains a prebuilt minimal system which is almost fully |
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deployable. It only lacks a few applications where you, the Gentoo user, |
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needs to choose which one you want to install. |
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</li> |
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</ul> |
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|
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<p> |
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To help you decide what stage file you want to use, we have written down the |
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major advantages and disadvantages of each stage file. |
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</p> |
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|
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</body> |
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</subsection> |
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<subsection> |
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<title>A Stage1 Approach</title> |
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<body> |
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|
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<p> |
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A <e>stage1</e> is used when you want to bootstrap and build the entire system |
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from scratch. |
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</p> |
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|
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<p> |
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Starting from a stage1 allows you to have total control over the |
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optimization settings and optional build-time functionality that is |
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initially enabled on your system. This makes <e>stage1</e> installs good for |
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power users who know what they are doing. It is also a great |
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installation method for those who would like to know more about the |
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inner workings of Gentoo Linux. |
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</p> |
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|
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<table> |
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<tr> |
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<th>Stage1</th> |
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<th>Pros and Cons</th> |
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</tr> |
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<tr> |
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<th>+</th> |
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<ti> |
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Allows you to have total control over the optimization settings and optional |
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build-time functionality that is initially enabled on your system |
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</ti> |
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</tr> |
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<tr> |
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<th>+</th> |
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<ti>Suitable for powerusers that know what they are doing</ti> |
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</tr> |
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<tr> |
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<th>+</th> |
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<ti>Allows you to learn more about the inner workings of Gentoo</ti> |
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</tr> |
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<tr> |
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<th>-</th> |
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<ti>Takes a long time to finish the installation</ti> |
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</tr> |
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<tr> |
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<th>-</th> |
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<ti> |
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If you don't intend to tweak the settings, it is a waste of time |
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</ti> |
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</tr> |
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</table> |
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|
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</body> |
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</subsection> |
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<subsection> |
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<title>A Stage2 Approach</title> |
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<body> |
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|
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<p> |
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A <e>stage2</e> is used for building the entire system from a bootstrapped |
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"semi-compiled" state. |
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</p> |
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|
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<p> |
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Stage2 installs allow you to skip the bootstrap process; doing this |
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is fine if you are happy with the optimization settings that we chose |
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for your particular stage2 tarball. |
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</p> |
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|
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<table> |
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<tr> |
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<th>Stage2</th> |
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<th>Pros and Cons</th> |
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</tr> |
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<tr> |
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<th>+</th> |
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<ti>You don't need to bootstrap</ti> |
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</tr> |
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<tr> |
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<th>+</th> |
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<ti>Faster than starting with stage1</ti> |
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</tr> |
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<tr> |
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<th>+</th> |
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<ti>You can still tweak your settings</ti> |
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</tr> |
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<tr> |
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<th>-</th> |
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<ti>You cannot tweak as much as with a stage1</ti> |
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</tr> |
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<tr> |
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<th>-</th> |
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<ti>It's still not the fastest way to install Gentoo</ti> |
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</tr> |
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<tr> |
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<th>-</th> |
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<ti>You have to accept the optimizations we chose for the bootstrap</ti> |
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</tr> |
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</table> |
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|
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</body> |
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</subsection> |
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<subsection> |
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<title>A Stage3 Approach</title> |
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<body> |
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|
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<p> |
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A <e>stage3</e> installation contains a basic Gentoo Linux system that has been |
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built for you. You will only need to build a few packages of which we can't |
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decide for you which one to choose. |
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</p> |
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|
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<p> |
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Choosing to go with a stage3 allows for the fastest install of Gentoo |
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Linux, but also means that your base system will have the optimization |
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settings that we chose for you (which to be honest, are good settings |
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and were carefully chosen to enhance performance while maintaining |
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stability). Stage3 is also required if you want to install Gentoo using |
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prebuilt packages or without a network connection. |
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</p> |
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|
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<table> |
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<tr> |
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<th>Stage3</th> |
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<th>Pros and Cons</th> |
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</tr> |
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<tr> |
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<th>+</th> |
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<ti>Fastest way to get a Gentoo base system</ti> |
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</tr> |
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<tr> |
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<th>-</th> |
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<ti>You cannot tweak the base system - it's built already</ti> |
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</tr> |
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</table> |
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|
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<p> |
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You might be interested to know that, if you decide to use different |
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optimization settings after having installed Gentoo, you will be able to |
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recompile your entire system with the new optimization settings. |
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</p> |
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|
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</body> |
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</subsection> |
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</section> |
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<section> |
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<title>The Gentoo Installation CDs</title> |
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<subsection> |
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<title>Introduction</title> |
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<body> |
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|
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<p> |
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The <e>Gentoo Installation CDs</e> are bootable CDs which contain a |
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self-sustained Gentoo environment. They allow you to boot Linux from the CD. |
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During the boot process your hardware is detected and the appropriate drivers |
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are loaded. They are maintained by Gentoo developers. |
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</p> |
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|
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<p> |
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All Installation CDs allow you to boot, set up networking, initialize your |
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partitions and start installing Gentoo from the Internet. We currently provide |
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two Installation CDs which are equaly suitable to install Gentoo from, as long |
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as you're planning on performing an Internet-based installation using the |
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latest version of the available packages. |
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</p> |
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|
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<p> |
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If you wish to install Gentoo without a working Internet connection, please use |
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the installation instructions described in the <uri |
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link="2005.0/index.xml">Gentoo 2005.0 Handbooks</uri>. This is currently not |
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supported for the PPC64 architecture though. |
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</p> |
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|
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<p> |
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For the PowerPC64 architecture, we only supply a <e>Minimal</e> Installation CD, |
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a small, no-nonsense, bootable CD which sole purpose is to boot the system, |
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prepare the networking and continue with the Gentoo installation. |
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</p> |
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|
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</body> |
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</subsection> |
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<subsection> |
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<title>Gentoo's Minimal Installation CD</title> |
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<body> |
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|
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<p> |
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The Minimal Installation CD is called |
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<c>install-ppc64-g5-minimal-2005.0.iso</c> or |
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<c>install-ppc64-ibm-minimal-2005.0.iso</c> and takes up only 350 MB of |
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diskspace. You can use this Installation CD to install Gentoo, but always with a |
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working Internet connection only. |
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</p> |
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|
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<table> |
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<tr> |
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<th>Minimal Installation CD</th> |
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<th>Pros and Cons</th> |
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</tr> |
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<tr> |
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<th>+</th> |
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<ti>Smallest download</ti> |
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</tr> |
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<tr> |
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<th>+</th> |
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<ti> |
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You can do a stage1, stage2 or stage3 by getting the stage tarball off the |
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net |
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</ti> |
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</tr> |
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<tr> |
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<th>-</th> |
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<ti> |
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Contains no stages, no Portage snapshot, no prebuilt packages and is |
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therefore not suitable for networkless installation |
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</ti> |
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</tr> |
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</table> |
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|
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</body> |
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</subsection> |
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</section> |
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<!-- STOP --> |
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<section> |
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<title>Download, Burn and Boot a Gentoo Installation CD</title> |
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<subsection> |
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<title>Downloading and Burning the Installation CDs</title> |
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<body> |
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|
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<p> |
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You have chosen to use a Gentoo Installation CD. We'll first start by |
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downloading and burning the chosen Installation CD. We previously discussed the |
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several available Installation CDs, but where can you find them? |
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</p> |
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|
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<p> |
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You can download any of the Installation CDs (and, if you want to, a Packages |
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CD as well) from one of our <uri link="/main/en/mirrors.xml">mirrors</uri>. The |
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Installation CDs are located in the <path>releases/ppc64/2005.0/livecd</path> |
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directory. |
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</p> |
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|
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<p> |
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Inside that directory you'll find so-called ISO-files. Those are full CD images |
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which you can write on a CD-R. |
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</p> |
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|
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<p> |
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In case you wonder if your downloaded file is corrupted or not, you can |
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check its MD5 checksum and compare it with the MD5 checksum we provide (such as |
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<path>install-ppc64-g5-minimal-2005.0.iso.md5</path>). You can check the MD5 |
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checksum with the <c>md5sum</c> tool under Linux/Unix or <uri |
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link="http://www.etree.org/md5com.html">md5sum</uri> for Windows. |
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</p> |
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|
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<p> |
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Another way to check the validity of the downloaded file is to use GnuPG to |
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verify the cryptographic signature that we provide (the file ending with |
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<path>.asc</path>). Download the signature file and obtain the public key: |
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</p> |
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|
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<pre caption="Obtaining the public key"> |
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$ <i>gpg --keyserver pgp.mit.edu --recv-keys 17072058</i> |
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</pre> |
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|
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<p> |
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Now verify the signature: |
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</p> |
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|
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<pre caption="Verify the cryptographic signature"> |
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$ <i>gpg --verify <signature file> <downloaded iso></i> |
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</pre> |
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|
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<p> |
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To burn the downloaded ISO(s), you have to select raw-burning. How you |
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do this is highly program-dependent. We will discuss <c>cdrecord</c> and |
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<c>K3B</c> here; more information can be found in our <uri |
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link="/doc/en/faq.xml#isoburning">Gentoo FAQ</uri>. |
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</p> |
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|
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<ul> |
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<li> |
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With cdrecord, you simply type <c>cdrecord dev=/dev/hdc <downloaded iso |
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file></c> (replace <path>/dev/hdc</path> with your CD-RW drive's |
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device path). |
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</li> |
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<li> |
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With K3B, select <c>Tools</c> > <c>CD</c> > <c>Burn Image</c>. Then |
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you can locate your ISO file within the 'Image to Burn' area. Finally click |
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<c>Start</c>. |
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</li> |
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<li> |
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With Mac OS X Panther, launch <c>Disk Utility</c> from |
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<path>Applications/Utilities</path>, select <c>Open</c> from the |
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<c>Images</c> menu, select the mounted disk image in the main window and |
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select <c>Burn</c> in the <c>Images</c> menu. |
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</li> |
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<li> |
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With Mac OS X Jaguar, launch <c>Disk Copy</c> from |
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<path>Applications/Utilities</path>, select <c>Burn Image</c> from the |
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<c>File</c> menu, select the ISO and click the <c>Burn</c> button. |
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</li> |
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</ul> |
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|
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</body> |
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</subsection> |
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<subsection> |
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<title>Default: Booting the Installation CD on an Apple/IBM</title> |
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<body> |
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|
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<p> |
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Place the Installation CD in the CD-ROM and reboot the system. Hold down the |
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'C' key at bootup. You will be greeted by a friendly welcome message and a |
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<e>boot:</e> prompt at the bottom of the screen. |
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</p> |
| 415 |
|
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<p> |
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You are also able to tweak some kernel options at this prompt. The following |
| 418 |
table lists the available boot options you can add: |
| 419 |
</p> |
| 420 |
|
| 421 |
<table> |
| 422 |
<tr> |
| 423 |
<th>Boot Option</th> |
| 424 |
<th>Description</th> |
| 425 |
</tr> |
| 426 |
<tr> |
| 427 |
<ti><c>video</c></ti> |
| 428 |
<ti> |
| 429 |
This option takes one of the following vendor-specific tags: |
| 430 |
<c>radeonfb</c>, <c>rivafb</c>, <c>atyfb</c>, <c>aty128</c> or |
| 431 |
<c>ofonly</c>. You can follow this tag with the resolution and refreshrate |
| 432 |
you want to use. For instance <c>video=radeonfb:1280x1024@75</c>. If you are |
| 433 |
uncertain what to choose, <c>ofonly</c> will most certainly work. |
| 434 |
</ti> |
| 435 |
</tr> |
| 436 |
<tr> |
| 437 |
<ti><c>nol3</c></ti> |
| 438 |
<ti> |
| 439 |
Disables level 3 cache on some powerbooks (needed for at least the 17'') |
| 440 |
</ti> |
| 441 |
</tr> |
| 442 |
<tr> |
| 443 |
<ti><c>debug</c></ti> |
| 444 |
<ti> |
| 445 |
Enables verbose booting, spawns an initrd shell that can be used to debug |
| 446 |
the Installation CD |
| 447 |
</ti> |
| 448 |
</tr> |
| 449 |
<tr> |
| 450 |
<ti><c>sleep=X</c></ti> |
| 451 |
<ti> |
| 452 |
Wait X seconds before continuing; this can be needed by some very old SCSI |
| 453 |
CD-ROMs which don't speed up the CD quick enough |
| 454 |
</ti> |
| 455 |
</tr> |
| 456 |
<tr> |
| 457 |
<ti><c>bootfrom=X</c></ti> |
| 458 |
<ti> |
| 459 |
Boot from a different device |
| 460 |
</ti> |
| 461 |
</tr> |
| 462 |
</table> |
| 463 |
|
| 464 |
<p> |
| 465 |
At this prompt, hit enter, and a complete Gentoo Linux environment will be |
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loaded from the CD. Continue with <uri link="#booted">And When You're |
| 467 |
Booted...</uri>. |
| 468 |
</p> |
| 469 |
|
| 470 |
</body> |
| 471 |
</subsection> |
| 472 |
<subsection> |
| 473 |
<title>IBM pSeries</title> |
| 474 |
<body> |
| 475 |
|
| 476 |
<p> |
| 477 |
For pSeries boxes, sometimes the cds might not autoboot. You might have |
| 478 |
to set up your cdrom as a bootable device in the multi-boot menu. (F1 at |
| 479 |
startup) The other option is to jump into OF and do it from there: |
| 480 |
</p> |
| 481 |
|
| 482 |
<p> |
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1) Boot into OF (this is 8 from the serial cons or F8 from a graphics |
| 484 |
cons, start hitting the key when you see the keyboard mouse etc etc |
| 485 |
messages |
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</p> |
| 487 |
<p> |
| 488 |
2) run the command 0> boot cdrom:1,yaboot |
| 489 |
</p> |
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<p> |
| 491 |
3) stand back and enjoy! |
| 492 |
</p> |
| 493 |
|
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</body> |
| 495 |
</subsection> |
| 496 |
<subsection id="booted"> |
| 497 |
<title>And When You're Booted...</title> |
| 498 |
<body> |
| 499 |
|
| 500 |
<p> |
| 501 |
You will be greeted by a root ("#") prompt on the current console. You can also |
| 502 |
switch to other consoles by pressing Alt-fn-F2, Alt-fn-F3 and Alt-fn-F4. Get |
| 503 |
back to the one you started on by pressing Alt-fn-F1. |
| 504 |
</p> |
| 505 |
|
| 506 |
<p> |
| 507 |
If you are installing Gentoo on a system with a non-US keyboard, use |
| 508 |
<c>loadkeys</c> to load the keymap for your keyboard. To list the available |
| 509 |
keymaps, execute <c>ls /usr/share/keymaps/i386</c>. |
| 510 |
</p> |
| 511 |
|
| 512 |
<pre caption="Listing available keymaps"> |
| 513 |
<comment>(PPC uses x86 keymaps on most systems. The mac/ppc keymaps provided |
| 514 |
on the Installation CD are ADB keymaps and unusable with the |
| 515 |
Installation CD kernel)</comment> |
| 516 |
# <i>ls /usr/share/keymaps/i386</i> |
| 517 |
</pre> |
| 518 |
|
| 519 |
<p> |
| 520 |
Now load the keymap of your choice: |
| 521 |
</p> |
| 522 |
|
| 523 |
<pre caption="Loading a keymap"> |
| 524 |
# <i>loadkeys be-latin1</i> |
| 525 |
</pre> |
| 526 |
|
| 527 |
<p> |
| 528 |
Now continue with <uri link="#hardware">Extra Hardware Configuration</uri>. |
| 529 |
</p> |
| 530 |
|
| 531 |
</body> |
| 532 |
</subsection> |
| 533 |
<subsection id="hardware"> |
| 534 |
<title>Extra Hardware Configuration</title> |
| 535 |
<body> |
| 536 |
|
| 537 |
<p> |
| 538 |
When the Installation CD boots, it tries to detect all your hardware devices and |
| 539 |
loads the appropriate kernel modules to support your hardware. In the |
| 540 |
vast majority of cases, it does a very good job. However, in some cases it may |
| 541 |
not auto-load the kernel |
| 542 |
modules you need. If the PCI auto-detection missed some of your system's |
| 543 |
hardware, you will have to load the appropriate kernel modules manually. |
| 544 |
</p> |
| 545 |
|
| 546 |
<p> |
| 547 |
In the next example we try to load the <c>8139too</c> module (support for |
| 548 |
certain kinds of network interfaces): |
| 549 |
</p> |
| 550 |
|
| 551 |
<pre caption="Loading kernel modules"> |
| 552 |
# <i>modprobe 8139too</i> |
| 553 |
</pre> |
| 554 |
|
| 555 |
</body> |
| 556 |
</subsection> |
| 557 |
<subsection> |
| 558 |
<title>Optional: Tweaking Hard Disk Performance</title> |
| 559 |
<body> |
| 560 |
|
| 561 |
<p> |
| 562 |
If you are an advanced user, you might want to tweak the IDE hard disk |
| 563 |
performance using <c>hdparm</c>. With the <c>-tT</c> options you can |
| 564 |
test the performance of your disk (execute it several times to get a |
| 565 |
more precise impression): |
| 566 |
</p> |
| 567 |
|
| 568 |
<pre caption="Testing disk performance"> |
| 569 |
# <i>hdparm -tT /dev/hda</i> |
| 570 |
</pre> |
| 571 |
|
| 572 |
<p> |
| 573 |
To tweak, you can use any of the following examples (or experiment |
| 574 |
yourself) which use <path>/dev/hda</path> as disk (substitute with your |
| 575 |
disk): |
| 576 |
</p> |
| 577 |
|
| 578 |
<pre caption="Tweaking hard disk performance"> |
| 579 |
<comment>Activate DMA:</comment> # <i>hdparm -d 1 /dev/hda</i> |
| 580 |
<comment>Activate DMA + Safe Performance-enhancing Options:</comment> # <i>hdparm -d 1 -A 1 -m 16 -u 1 -a 64 /dev/hda</i> |
| 581 |
</pre> |
| 582 |
|
| 583 |
</body> |
| 584 |
</subsection> |
| 585 |
<subsection id="useraccounts"> |
| 586 |
<title>Optional: User Accounts</title> |
| 587 |
<body> |
| 588 |
|
| 589 |
<p> |
| 590 |
If you plan on giving other people access to your installation |
| 591 |
environment or you want to chat using <c>irssi</c> without root privileges (for |
| 592 |
security reasons), you need to create the necessary user accounts and change |
| 593 |
the root password. |
| 594 |
</p> |
| 595 |
|
| 596 |
<p> |
| 597 |
To change the root password, use the <c>passwd</c> utility: |
| 598 |
</p> |
| 599 |
|
| 600 |
<pre caption="Changing the root password"> |
| 601 |
# <i>passwd</i> |
| 602 |
New password: <comment>(Enter your new password)</comment> |
| 603 |
Re-enter password: <comment>(Re-enter your password)</comment> |
| 604 |
</pre> |
| 605 |
|
| 606 |
<p> |
| 607 |
To create a user account, we first enter their credentials, followed by |
| 608 |
its password. We use <c>useradd</c> and <c>passwd</c> for these tasks. |
| 609 |
In the next example, we create a user called "john". |
| 610 |
</p> |
| 611 |
|
| 612 |
<pre caption="Creating a user account"> |
| 613 |
# <i>useradd -m -G users john</i> |
| 614 |
# <i>passwd john</i> |
| 615 |
New password: <comment>(Enter john's password)</comment> |
| 616 |
Re-enter password: <comment>(Re-enter john's password)</comment> |
| 617 |
</pre> |
| 618 |
|
| 619 |
<p> |
| 620 |
You can change your user id from root to the newly created user by using |
| 621 |
<c>su</c>: |
| 622 |
</p> |
| 623 |
|
| 624 |
<pre caption="Changing user id"> |
| 625 |
# <i>su - john</i> |
| 626 |
</pre> |
| 627 |
|
| 628 |
</body> |
| 629 |
</subsection> |
| 630 |
<subsection> |
| 631 |
<title>Optional: Viewing Documentation while Installing</title> |
| 632 |
<body> |
| 633 |
|
| 634 |
<p> |
| 635 |
If you want to view the Gentoo Handbook (either from-CD or online) during the |
| 636 |
installation, make sure you have created a user account (see <uri |
| 637 |
link="#useraccounts">Optional: User Accounts</uri>). Then press <c>Alt-F2</c> to |
| 638 |
go to a new terminal and log in. |
| 639 |
</p> |
| 640 |
|
| 641 |
<p> |
| 642 |
If you want to view the documentation on the CD you can immediately run |
| 643 |
<c>links2</c> to read it: |
| 644 |
</p> |
| 645 |
|
| 646 |
<pre caption="Viewing the on-CD documentation"> |
| 647 |
# <i>links2 /mnt/cdrom/docs/html/index.html</i> |
| 648 |
</pre> |
| 649 |
|
| 650 |
<p> |
| 651 |
However, it is preferred that you use the online Gentoo Handbook as it will be |
| 652 |
more recent than the one provided on the CD. You can view it using <c>links2</c> |
| 653 |
as well, but only after having completed the <e>Configuring your Network</e> |
| 654 |
chapter (otherwise you won't be able to go on the Internet to view the |
| 655 |
document): |
| 656 |
</p> |
| 657 |
|
| 658 |
<pre caption="Viewing the Online Documentation"> |
| 659 |
# <i>links2 http://www.gentoo.org/doc/en/handbook/handbook-ppc64.xml</i> |
| 660 |
</pre> |
| 661 |
|
| 662 |
<p> |
| 663 |
You can go back to your original terminal by pressing <c>Alt-F1</c>. |
| 664 |
</p> |
| 665 |
|
| 666 |
</body> |
| 667 |
</subsection> |
| 668 |
<subsection> |
| 669 |
<title>Optional: Starting the SSH Daemon</title> |
| 670 |
<body> |
| 671 |
|
| 672 |
<p> |
| 673 |
If you want to allow other users to access your computer during the |
| 674 |
Gentoo installation (perhaps because those users are going to help you |
| 675 |
install Gentoo, or even do it for you), you need to create a user |
| 676 |
account for them and perhaps even provide them with your root password |
| 677 |
(<e>only</e> do that <e>if</e> you <b>fully trust</b> that user). |
| 678 |
</p> |
| 679 |
|
| 680 |
<p> |
| 681 |
To fire up the SSH daemon, execute the following command: |
| 682 |
</p> |
| 683 |
|
| 684 |
<pre caption="Starting the SSH daemon"> |
| 685 |
# <i>/etc/init.d/sshd start</i> |
| 686 |
</pre> |
| 687 |
|
| 688 |
<p> |
| 689 |
To be able to use sshd, you first need to set up your networking. Continue with |
| 690 |
the chapter on <uri link="?part=1&chap=3">Configuring your Network</uri>. |
| 691 |
</p> |
| 692 |
|
| 693 |
</body> |
| 694 |
</subsection> |
| 695 |
</section> |
| 696 |
</sections> |
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