en/handbook/hb-install-ppc64-medium.xml

<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?>
<!DOCTYPE sections SYSTEM "/dtd/book.dtd">

<!-- The content of this document is licensed under the CC-BY-SA license -->
<!-- See http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5 -->

<!-- $Header: /var/cvsroot/gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en/handbook/hb-install-ppc64-medium.xml,v 1.33 2007/05/07 18:11:41 nightmorph Exp $ -->

<sections>

<version>8.0</version>
<date>2007-05-07</date>

<section>
<title>Hardware Requirements</title>
<subsection>
<title>Introduction</title>
<body>

<p>
Before we start, we first list what hardware requirements you need to
successfully install Gentoo on your box. 
</p>

</body>
</subsection>
<subsection>
<title>Hardware Requirements</title>
<body>

<table>
<tr>
  <th>CPU</th>
  <ti>Any PowerPC64 CPU</ti>
</tr>
<tr>
  <th>Systems</th>
  <ti>
    IBM RS/6000s, Power Macintosh G5, IBM pSeries and IBM iSeries
  </ti>
</tr>
<tr>
  <th>Memory</th>
  <ti>64 MB</ti>
</tr>
<tr>
  <th>Diskspace</th>
  <ti>1.5 GB (excluding swap space)</ti>
</tr>
<tr>
  <th>Swap space</th>
  <ti>At least 256 MB</ti>
</tr>
</table>

<p>
For a full list of supported systems, please go to 
<uri>http://www.linuxppc64.org/hardware.shtml</uri>.
</p>

</body>
</subsection>
</section>
<!-- Copy/paste from hb-install-x86-medium.xml, with s/x86/ppc64/ -->
<!-- START -->
<section>
<title>The Gentoo Installation CDs</title>
<subsection>
<title>Introduction</title>
<body>

<p>
The <e>Gentoo Installation CDs</e> are bootable CDs which contain a
self-sustained Gentoo environment. They allow you to boot Linux from the CD.
During the boot process your hardware is detected and the appropriate drivers
are loaded. They are maintained by Gentoo developers.
</p>

<p>
All Installation CDs allow you to boot, set up networking, initialize your
partitions and start installing Gentoo from the Internet. We currently provide
two Installation CDs which are equally suitable to install Gentoo from, as long 
as you're planning on performing an Internet-based installation using the 
latest version of the available packages.
</p>

<p>
If you wish to install Gentoo without a working Internet connection, please use
the installation instructions described in the <uri
link="2007.0/index.xml">Gentoo 2007.0 Handbooks</uri>.
</p>

<p>
The two Installation CDs that we currently provide are:
</p>

<ul>
  <li>
    The Gentoo <e>Minimal</e> Installation CD, a small, no-nonsense, bootable
    CD which sole purpose is to boot the system, prepare the networking and
    continue with the Gentoo installation.
  </li>
  <li>
    The Gentoo <e>Universal</e> Installation CD, a bootable CD with the same
    abilities as the Minimal Installation CD. Additionally, it contains
    several stage3 tarballs (optimized for the individual subarchitectures).
  </li>
</ul>

<p>
To help you decide which Installation CD you need, we have written down the
major advantages and disadvantages of each Installation CD.
</p>

</body>
</subsection>
<subsection>
<title>Gentoo's Minimal Installation CD</title>
<body>

<p>
The Minimal Installation CD is called 
<c>install-ppc64-minimal-2007.0.iso</c> and takes up only 124 MB of 
diskspace. You can use this Installation CD to install Gentoo, but always with a
working Internet connection only.
</p>

<table>
<tr>
  <th>Minimal Installation CD</th>
  <th>Pros and Cons</th>
</tr>
<tr>
  <th>+</th>
  <ti>Smallest download</ti>
</tr>
<tr>
  <th>-</th>
  <ti>
    Contains no stage3 tarball, no Portage snapshot, no prebuilt packages and is
    therefore not suitable for networkless installation
  </ti>
</tr>
</table>

</body>
</subsection>
<subsection>
<title>Gentoo's Universal Installation CD</title>
<body>

<p>
The Universal Installation CD is called
<c>install-ppc64-universal-2007.0.iso</c> and uses 460 MB. You can use
this Installation CD to install Gentoo, and you can even use it to install
Gentoo without a working internet connection, just in case you want to bring
Gentoo to another PC than the one you are currently installing Gentoo on :)
</p>

<table>
<tr>
  <th>Universal Installation CD</th>
  <th>Pros and Cons</th>
</tr>
<tr>
  <th>+</th>
  <ti>
    Contains everything you need. You can even install without a network
    connection.
  </ti>
</tr>
<tr>
  <th>-</th>
  <ti>Huge download</ti>
</tr>
</table>

</body>
</subsection>
<subsection>
<title>The Stage3 Tarball</title>
<body>

<p>
A stage3 tarball is an archive containing a minimal Gentoo environment, suitable
to continue the Gentoo installation using the instructions in this manual.
Previously, the Gentoo Handbook described the installation using one of three 
stage tarballs. While Gentoo still offers stage1 and stage2 tarballs, the 
official installation method uses the stage3 tarball. If you are interested in
performing a Gentoo installation using a stage1 or stage2 tarball, please read
the Gentoo FAQ on <uri link="/doc/en/faq.xml#stage12">How do I Install Gentoo
Using a Stage1 or Stage2 Tarball?</uri>
</p>

</body>
</subsection>
<subsection>
<title>Choosing a userland</title>
<body>

<p>
On PPC64, the kernel is 64-bit and the <e>userland</e> can be 32-bit or 64-bit. The
userland is basically the applications you are running, such as
<c>bash</c> or <c>mozilla-firefox</c>. They can be compiled and run in either
64-bit or 32-bit modes. The Gentoo/PPC64 team provides both 32-bit and 64-bit
userlands, so which one should you use?
</p>

<p>
You may have heard that 64-bit applications are better, but in fact, 32-bit
applications take up slightly less memory and often run a little bit faster than
64-bit applications.
</p>

<p>
You really only need 64-bit applications when you need more memory than a 32-bit
userland allows, or if you do a lot of 64-bit number crunching. If you run
applications that require more than 4GB of memory or you run scientific
applications, you should choose the 64-bit userland. Otherwise, choose the
32-bit userland, as it is recommended by the Gentoo/PPC64 developers.
</p>

<p>
Additionally, the 32-bit userland has been available in Portage longer than the
64-bit userland has. This means that there are more applications tested in the
32-bit userland that just work "out of the box." Many applications compiled for
the 64-bit userland may be just as stable as the 32-bit version, but they
haven't been tested yet. Though testing isn't difficult to do, it can be
annoying and time consuming if you want to use many untested 64-bit
applications. Also, some programs just won't run in the 64-bit userland until
their code is fixed, such as OpenOffice.
</p>

<p>
The Gentoo/PPC64 team provides stages and Package CDs for both 32-bit and 64-bit
userlands, so no matter which one you choose, you'll be able to successfully
install Gentoo and get a full system up and running with minimal fuss.
</p>

</body>
</subsection>
</section>
<!-- STOP -->
<section>
<title>Download, Burn and Boot a Gentoo Installation CD</title>
<subsection>
<title>Downloading and Burning the Installation CDs</title>
<body>

<p>
You have chosen to use a Gentoo Installation CD. We'll first start by 
downloading and burning the chosen Installation CD. We previously discussed the 
several available Installation CDs, but where can you find them? 
</p>

<p>
You can download any of the Installation CDs (and, if you want to, a Packages CD
as well) from one of our <uri link="/main/en/mirrors.xml">mirrors</uri>. The
Installation CDs are located in the <path><keyval
id="release-dir"/>installcd</path> directory.
</p>

<p>
Inside that directory you'll find ISO-files. Those are full CD images
which you can write on a CD-R.
</p>

<p>
In case you wonder if your downloaded file is corrupted or not, you can
check its MD5 checksum and compare it with the MD5 checksum we provide (such as
<path>install-ppc64-minimal-2007.0.iso.DIGESTS</path>). You can check the MD5 
checksum with the <c>md5sum</c> tool under Linux/Unix or <uri
link="http://www.etree.org/md5com.html">md5sum</uri> for Windows.
</p>

<p>
Another way to check the validity of the downloaded file is to use GnuPG to
verify the cryptographic signature that we provide (the file ending with
<path>.asc</path>). Download the signature file and obtain the public key:
</p>

<pre caption="Obtaining the public key">
$ <i>gpg --keyserver subkeys.pgp.net --recv-keys 17072058</i>
</pre>

<p>
Now verify the signature:
</p>

<pre caption="Verify the cryptographic signature">
$ <i>gpg --verify &lt;signature file&gt; &lt;downloaded iso&gt;</i>
</pre>

<p>
To burn the downloaded ISO(s), you have to select raw-burning. How you
do this is highly program-dependent. We will discuss <c>cdrecord</c> and
<c>K3B</c> here; more information can be found in our <uri
link="/doc/en/faq.xml#isoburning">Gentoo FAQ</uri>.
</p>

<ul>
  <li>
    With cdrecord, you simply type <c>cdrecord dev=/dev/hdc &lt;downloaded iso 
    file&gt;</c> (replace <path>/dev/hdc</path> with your CD-RW drive's 
    device path).
  </li>
  <li>
    With K3B, select <c>Tools</c> &gt; <c>CD</c> &gt; <c>Burn Image</c>. Then
    you can locate your ISO file within the 'Image to Burn' area. Finally click
    <c>Start</c>.
  </li>
  <li>
    With Mac OS X Panther, launch <c>Disk Utility</c> from
    <path>Applications/Utilities</path>, select <c>Open</c> from the
    <c>Images</c> menu, select the mounted disk image in the main window and
    select <c>Burn</c> in the <c>Images</c> menu.
  </li>
  <li>
    With Mac OS X Jaguar, launch <c>Disk Copy</c> from
    <path>Applications/Utilities</path>, select <c>Burn Image</c> from the
    <c>File</c> menu, select the ISO and click the <c>Burn</c> button.
  </li>
</ul>

</body>
</subsection>
<subsection>
<title>Default: Booting the Installation CD on an Apple/IBM</title>
<body>

<p>
Place the Installation CD in the CD-ROM and reboot the system. Hold down the 
'C' key at bootup. You will be greeted by a friendly welcome message and a 
<e>boot:</e> prompt at the bottom of the screen.
</p>

<p>
You are also able to tweak some kernel options at this prompt. The following
table lists the available boot options you can add:
</p>

<table>
<tr>
  <th>Boot Option</th>
  <th>Description</th>
</tr>
<tr>
  <ti><c>video</c></ti>
  <ti>
    This option takes one of the following vendor-specific tags:
    <c>radeonfb</c>, <c>rivafb</c>, <c>atyfb</c>, <c>aty128</c>, <c>nvidiafb</c>
    or <c>ofonly</c>. You can follow this tag with the resolution and
    refreshrate you want to use. For instance
    <c>video=radeonfb:1280x1024@75</c>. If you are uncertain what to choose,
    <c>ofonly</c> will most certainly work.
  </ti>
</tr>
<tr>
  <ti><c>nol3</c></ti>
  <ti>
    Disables level 3 cache on some powerbooks (needed for at least the 17")
  </ti>
</tr>
<tr>
  <ti><c>debug</c></ti>
  <ti>
    Enables verbose booting, spawns an initrd shell that can be used to debug
    the Installation CD
  </ti>
</tr>
<tr>
  <ti><c>sleep=X</c></ti>
  <ti>
    Wait X seconds before continuing; this can be needed by some very old SCSI
    CD-ROMs which don't speed up the CD quick enough
  </ti>
</tr>
<tr>
  <ti><c>bootfrom=X</c></ti>
  <ti>
    Boot from a different device
  </ti>
</tr>
</table>

<p>
At this prompt, hit enter, and a complete Gentoo Linux environment will be
loaded from the CD. Continue with <uri link="#booted">And When You're
Booted...</uri>.
</p>

</body>
</subsection>
<subsection>
<title>IBM pSeries</title>
<body>

<p>
The CD should autoboot on your pSeries box, but sometimes it does not.  In that
case, you have to set up your cdrom as a bootable device in the multi-boot
menu. If you start your machine with a monitor and a keyboard attached, you can
reach the multi-boot menu pressing the F1 key on startup. But if you start your
machine using the serial console, then you have to press <c>1</c>. Press the
key when you see the beginning of the following line on the serial console:
</p>

<pre caption="Hit the '1' key when this line appears">
memory      keyboard     network      scsi      speaker
</pre>

<p>
The other option is to jump into OpenFirmware and do it from there:
</p>

<ol>
  <li>
    Boot into OpenFirmware: same procedure as getting into multi-boot
    (described a few lines above), but use F8 and 8 instead of F1 and 1.
  </li>
  <li>Run the command 0> boot cdrom:1,yaboot</li>
  <li>Stand back and enjoy!</li>
</ol>

<note>
If you get something like the following output, then OpenFirmware isn't set up
correctly.  Please use the multi-boot option described above.
</note>

<pre caption="Output if OpenFirmware is not set up correctly">
0 > boot cdrom:1,yaboot
 ok
0 >
</pre>

</body>
</subsection>
<subsection id="booted">
<title>And When You're Booted...</title>
<body>

<p>
You will be greeted by a root ("#") prompt on the current console. You can also 
switch to other consoles by pressing Alt-fn-F2, Alt-fn-F3 and Alt-fn-F4. Get 
back to the one you started on by pressing Alt-fn-F1.
</p>

<p>
If you are installing Gentoo on a system with a non-US keyboard, use
<c>loadkeys</c> to load the keymap for your keyboard. To list the available
keymaps, execute <c>ls /usr/share/keymaps/i386</c>.
</p>

<pre caption="Listing available keymaps">
<comment>(PPC uses x86 keymaps on most systems. The mac/ppc keymaps provided
 on the Installation CD are ADB keymaps and unusable with the 
 Installation CD kernel)</comment>
# <i>ls /usr/share/keymaps/i386</i>
</pre>

<p>
Now load the keymap of your choice:
</p>

<pre caption="Loading a keymap">
# <i>loadkeys be-latin1</i>
</pre>

<p>
Now continue with <uri link="#hardware">Extra Hardware Configuration</uri>.
</p>

</body>
</subsection>
<subsection id="hardware">
<title>Extra Hardware Configuration</title>
<body>

<p>
When the Installation CD boots, it tries to detect all your hardware devices and
loads the appropriate kernel modules to support your hardware. In the vast
majority of cases, it does a very good job. However, in some cases it may not
auto-load the kernel modules you need. If the PCI auto-detection missed some of
your system's hardware, you will have to load the appropriate kernel modules
manually. 
</p>

<p>
In the next example we try to load the <c>8139too</c> module (support for 
certain kinds of network interfaces):
</p>

<pre caption="Loading kernel modules">
# <i>modprobe 8139too</i>
</pre>

</body>
</subsection>
<subsection>
<title>Optional: Tweaking Hard Disk Performance</title>
<body>

<p>
If you are an advanced user, you might want to tweak the IDE hard disk
performance using <c>hdparm</c>. With the <c>-tT</c> options you can
test the performance of your disk (execute it several times to get a
more precise impression):
</p>

<pre caption="Testing disk performance">
# <i>hdparm -tT /dev/hda</i>
</pre>

<p>
To tweak, you can use any of the following examples (or experiment
yourself) which use <path>/dev/hda</path> as disk (substitute with your
disk):
</p>

<pre caption="Tweaking hard disk performance">
<comment>Activate DMA:</comment>
# <i>hdparm -d 1 /dev/hda</i>
<comment>Activate DMA + Safe Performance-enhancing Options:</comment>
# <i>hdparm -d 1 -A 1 -m 16 -u 1 -a 64 /dev/hda</i>
</pre>

</body>
</subsection>
<subsection id="useraccounts">
<title>Optional: User Accounts</title>
<body>

<p>
If you plan on giving other people access to your installation
environment or you want to chat using <c>irssi</c> without root privileges (for
security reasons), you need to create the necessary user accounts and change 
the root password.
</p>

<p>
To change the root password, use the <c>passwd</c> utility:
</p>

<pre caption="Changing the root password">
# <i>passwd</i>
New password: <comment>(Enter your new password)</comment>
Re-enter password: <comment>(Re-enter your password)</comment>
</pre>

<p>
To create a user account, we first enter their credentials, followed by
its password. We use <c>useradd</c> and <c>passwd</c> for these tasks.
In the next example, we create a user called &quot;john&quot;.
</p>

<pre caption="Creating a user account">
# <i>useradd -m -G users john</i>
# <i>passwd john</i>
New password: <comment>(Enter john's password)</comment>
Re-enter password: <comment>(Re-enter john's password)</comment>
</pre>

<p>
You can change your user id from root to the newly created user by using
<c>su</c>:
</p>

<pre caption="Changing user id">
# <i>su - john</i>
</pre>

</body>
</subsection>
<subsection>
<title>Optional: Viewing Documentation while Installing</title>
<body>

<p>
If you want to view the Gentoo Handbook during the installation, make sure you
have created a user account (see <uri link="#useraccounts">Optional: User
Accounts</uri>). Then press <c>Alt-F2</c> to go to a new terminal and log in.
</p>

<p>
If you want to view the documentation on the CD you can immediately run
<c>links</c> to read it:
</p>

<pre caption="Viewing the on-CD documentation">
# <i>links /mnt/cdrom/docs/handbook/html/index.html</i>
</pre>

<p>
However, it is preferred that you use the online Gentoo Handbook as it will be
more recent than the one provided on the CD.
</p>

<pre caption="Viewing the Online Documentation">
# <i>links http://www.gentoo.org/doc/en/handbook/<keyval id="online-book"/></i>
</pre>

<p>
You can go back to your original terminal by pressing <c>Alt-F1</c>.
</p>

</body>
</subsection>
<subsection>
<title>Optional: Starting the SSH Daemon</title>
<body>

<p>
If you want to allow other users to access your computer during the
Gentoo installation (perhaps because those users are going to help you
install Gentoo, or even do it for you), you need to create a user
account for them and perhaps even provide them with your root password 
(<e>only</e> do that <e>if</e> you <b>fully trust</b> that user).
</p>

<p>
To fire up the SSH daemon, execute the following command:
</p>

<pre caption="Starting the SSH daemon">
# <i>/etc/init.d/sshd start</i>
</pre>

<p>
To be able to use sshd, you first need to set up your networking. Continue with
the chapter on <uri link="?part=1&amp;chap=3">Configuring your Network</uri>.
</p>

</body>
</subsection>
</section>
</sections>
1	<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?>
2	<!DOCTYPE sections SYSTEM "/dtd/book.dtd">
3
4	<!-- The content of this document is licensed under the CC-BY-SA license -->
5	<!-- See http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5 -->
6
7	<!-- $Header: /var/cvsroot/gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en/handbook/hb-install-ppc64-medium.xml,v 1.33 2007/05/07 18:11:41 nightmorph Exp $ -->
8
9	<sections>
10
11	<version>8.0</version>
12	<date>2007-05-07</date>
13
14	<section>
15	<title>Hardware Requirements</title>
16	<subsection>
17	<title>Introduction</title>
18	<body>
19
20	<p>
21	Before we start, we first list what hardware requirements you need to
22	successfully install Gentoo on your box.
23	</p>
24
25	</body>
26	</subsection>
27	<subsection>
28	<title>Hardware Requirements</title>
29	<body>
30
31	<table>
32	<tr>
33	<th>CPU</th>
34	<ti>Any PowerPC64 CPU</ti>
35	</tr>
36	<tr>
37	<th>Systems</th>
38	<ti>
39	IBM RS/6000s, Power Macintosh G5, IBM pSeries and IBM iSeries
40	</ti>
41	</tr>
42	<tr>
43	<th>Memory</th>
44	<ti>64 MB</ti>
45	</tr>
46	<tr>
47	<th>Diskspace</th>
48	<ti>1.5 GB (excluding swap space)</ti>
49	</tr>
50	<tr>
51	<th>Swap space</th>
52	<ti>At least 256 MB</ti>
53	</tr>
54	</table>
55
56	<p>
57	For a full list of supported systems, please go to
58	<uri>http://www.linuxppc64.org/hardware.shtml</uri>.
59	</p>
60
61	</body>
62	</subsection>
63	</section>
64	<!-- Copy/paste from hb-install-x86-medium.xml, with s/x86/ppc64/ -->
65	<!-- START -->
66	<section>
67	<title>The Gentoo Installation CDs</title>
68	<subsection>
69	<title>Introduction</title>
70	<body>
71
72	<p>
73	The <e>Gentoo Installation CDs</e> are bootable CDs which contain a
74	self-sustained Gentoo environment. They allow you to boot Linux from the CD.
75	During the boot process your hardware is detected and the appropriate drivers
76	are loaded. They are maintained by Gentoo developers.
77	</p>
78
79	<p>
80	All Installation CDs allow you to boot, set up networking, initialize your
81	partitions and start installing Gentoo from the Internet. We currently provide
82	two Installation CDs which are equally suitable to install Gentoo from, as long
83	as you're planning on performing an Internet-based installation using the
84	latest version of the available packages.
85	</p>
86
87	<p>
88	If you wish to install Gentoo without a working Internet connection, please use
89	the installation instructions described in the <uri
90	link="2007.0/index.xml">Gentoo 2007.0 Handbooks</uri>.
91	</p>
92
93	<p>
94	The two Installation CDs that we currently provide are:
95	</p>
96
97	<ul>
98	<li>
99	The Gentoo <e>Minimal</e> Installation CD, a small, no-nonsense, bootable
100	CD which sole purpose is to boot the system, prepare the networking and
101	continue with the Gentoo installation.
102	</li>
103	<li>
104	The Gentoo <e>Universal</e> Installation CD, a bootable CD with the same
105	abilities as the Minimal Installation CD. Additionally, it contains
106	several stage3 tarballs (optimized for the individual subarchitectures).
107	</li>
108	</ul>
109
110	<p>
111	To help you decide which Installation CD you need, we have written down the
112	major advantages and disadvantages of each Installation CD.
113	</p>
114
115	</body>
116	</subsection>
117	<subsection>
118	<title>Gentoo's Minimal Installation CD</title>
119	<body>
120
121	<p>
122	The Minimal Installation CD is called
123	<c>install-ppc64-minimal-2007.0.iso</c> and takes up only 124 MB of
124	diskspace. You can use this Installation CD to install Gentoo, but always with a
125	working Internet connection only.
126	</p>
127
128	<table>
129	<tr>
130	<th>Minimal Installation CD</th>
131	<th>Pros and Cons</th>
132	</tr>
133	<tr>
134	<th>+</th>
135	<ti>Smallest download</ti>
136	</tr>
137	<tr>
138	<th>-</th>
139	<ti>
140	Contains no stage3 tarball, no Portage snapshot, no prebuilt packages and is
141	therefore not suitable for networkless installation
142	</ti>
143	</tr>
144	</table>
145
146	</body>
147	</subsection>
148	<subsection>
149	<title>Gentoo's Universal Installation CD</title>
150	<body>
151
152	<p>
153	The Universal Installation CD is called
154	<c>install-ppc64-universal-2007.0.iso</c> and uses 460 MB. You can use
155	this Installation CD to install Gentoo, and you can even use it to install
156	Gentoo without a working internet connection, just in case you want to bring
157	Gentoo to another PC than the one you are currently installing Gentoo on :)
158	</p>
159
160	<table>
161	<tr>
162	<th>Universal Installation CD</th>
163	<th>Pros and Cons</th>
164	</tr>
165	<tr>
166	<th>+</th>
167	<ti>
168	Contains everything you need. You can even install without a network
169	connection.
170	</ti>
171	</tr>
172	<tr>
173	<th>-</th>
174	<ti>Huge download</ti>
175	</tr>
176	</table>
177
178	</body>
179	</subsection>
180	<subsection>
181	<title>The Stage3 Tarball</title>
182	<body>
183
184	<p>
185	A stage3 tarball is an archive containing a minimal Gentoo environment, suitable
186	to continue the Gentoo installation using the instructions in this manual.
187	Previously, the Gentoo Handbook described the installation using one of three
188	stage tarballs. While Gentoo still offers stage1 and stage2 tarballs, the
189	official installation method uses the stage3 tarball. If you are interested in
190	performing a Gentoo installation using a stage1 or stage2 tarball, please read
191	the Gentoo FAQ on <uri link="/doc/en/faq.xml#stage12">How do I Install Gentoo
192	Using a Stage1 or Stage2 Tarball?</uri>
193	</p>
194
195	</body>
196	</subsection>
197	<subsection>
198	<title>Choosing a userland</title>
199	<body>
200
201	<p>
202	On PPC64, the kernel is 64-bit and the <e>userland</e> can be 32-bit or 64-bit. The
203	userland is basically the applications you are running, such as
204	<c>bash</c> or <c>mozilla-firefox</c>. They can be compiled and run in either
205	64-bit or 32-bit modes. The Gentoo/PPC64 team provides both 32-bit and 64-bit
206	userlands, so which one should you use?
207	</p>
208
209	<p>
210	You may have heard that 64-bit applications are better, but in fact, 32-bit
211	applications take up slightly less memory and often run a little bit faster than
212	64-bit applications.
213	</p>
214
215	<p>
216	You really only need 64-bit applications when you need more memory than a 32-bit
217	userland allows, or if you do a lot of 64-bit number crunching. If you run
218	applications that require more than 4GB of memory or you run scientific
219	applications, you should choose the 64-bit userland. Otherwise, choose the
220	32-bit userland, as it is recommended by the Gentoo/PPC64 developers.
221	</p>
222
223	<p>
224	Additionally, the 32-bit userland has been available in Portage longer than the
225	64-bit userland has. This means that there are more applications tested in the
226	32-bit userland that just work "out of the box." Many applications compiled for
227	the 64-bit userland may be just as stable as the 32-bit version, but they
228	haven't been tested yet. Though testing isn't difficult to do, it can be
229	annoying and time consuming if you want to use many untested 64-bit
230	applications. Also, some programs just won't run in the 64-bit userland until
231	their code is fixed, such as OpenOffice.
232	</p>
233
234	<p>
235	The Gentoo/PPC64 team provides stages and Package CDs for both 32-bit and 64-bit
236	userlands, so no matter which one you choose, you'll be able to successfully
237	install Gentoo and get a full system up and running with minimal fuss.
238	</p>
239
240	</body>
241	</subsection>
242	</section>
243	<!-- STOP -->
244	<section>
245	<title>Download, Burn and Boot a Gentoo Installation CD</title>
246	<subsection>
247	<title>Downloading and Burning the Installation CDs</title>
248	<body>
249
250	<p>
251	You have chosen to use a Gentoo Installation CD. We'll first start by
252	downloading and burning the chosen Installation CD. We previously discussed the
253	several available Installation CDs, but where can you find them?
254	</p>
255
256	<p>
257	You can download any of the Installation CDs (and, if you want to, a Packages CD
258	as well) from one of our <uri link="/main/en/mirrors.xml">mirrors</uri>. The
259	Installation CDs are located in the <path><keyval
260	id="release-dir"/>installcd</path> directory.
261	</p>
262
263	<p>
264	Inside that directory you'll find ISO-files. Those are full CD images
265	which you can write on a CD-R.
266	</p>
267
268	<p>
269	In case you wonder if your downloaded file is corrupted or not, you can
270	check its MD5 checksum and compare it with the MD5 checksum we provide (such as
271	<path>install-ppc64-minimal-2007.0.iso.DIGESTS</path>). You can check the MD5
272	checksum with the <c>md5sum</c> tool under Linux/Unix or <uri
273	link="http://www.etree.org/md5com.html">md5sum</uri> for Windows.
274	</p>
275
276	<p>
277	Another way to check the validity of the downloaded file is to use GnuPG to
278	verify the cryptographic signature that we provide (the file ending with
279	<path>.asc</path>). Download the signature file and obtain the public key:
280	</p>
281
282	<pre caption="Obtaining the public key">
283	$ <i>gpg --keyserver subkeys.pgp.net --recv-keys 17072058</i>
284	</pre>
285
286	<p>
287	Now verify the signature:
288	</p>
289
290	<pre caption="Verify the cryptographic signature">
291	$ <i>gpg --verify <signature file> <downloaded iso></i>
292	</pre>
293
294	<p>
295	To burn the downloaded ISO(s), you have to select raw-burning. How you
296	do this is highly program-dependent. We will discuss <c>cdrecord</c> and
297	<c>K3B</c> here; more information can be found in our <uri
298	link="/doc/en/faq.xml#isoburning">Gentoo FAQ</uri>.
299	</p>
300
301	<ul>
302	<li>
303	With cdrecord, you simply type <c>cdrecord dev=/dev/hdc <downloaded iso
304	file></c> (replace <path>/dev/hdc</path> with your CD-RW drive's
305	device path).
306	</li>
307	<li>
308	With K3B, select <c>Tools</c> > <c>CD</c> > <c>Burn Image</c>. Then
309	you can locate your ISO file within the 'Image to Burn' area. Finally click
310	<c>Start</c>.
311	</li>
312	<li>
313	With Mac OS X Panther, launch <c>Disk Utility</c> from
314	<path>Applications/Utilities</path>, select <c>Open</c> from the
315	<c>Images</c> menu, select the mounted disk image in the main window and
316	select <c>Burn</c> in the <c>Images</c> menu.
317	</li>
318	<li>
319	With Mac OS X Jaguar, launch <c>Disk Copy</c> from
320	<path>Applications/Utilities</path>, select <c>Burn Image</c> from the
321	<c>File</c> menu, select the ISO and click the <c>Burn</c> button.
322	</li>
323	</ul>
324
325	</body>
326	</subsection>
327	<subsection>
328	<title>Default: Booting the Installation CD on an Apple/IBM</title>
329	<body>
330
331	<p>
332	Place the Installation CD in the CD-ROM and reboot the system. Hold down the
333	'C' key at bootup. You will be greeted by a friendly welcome message and a
334	<e>boot:</e> prompt at the bottom of the screen.
335	</p>
336
337	<p>
338	You are also able to tweak some kernel options at this prompt. The following
339	table lists the available boot options you can add:
340	</p>
341
342	<table>
343	<tr>
344	<th>Boot Option</th>
345	<th>Description</th>
346	</tr>
347	<tr>
348	<ti><c>video</c></ti>
349	<ti>
350	This option takes one of the following vendor-specific tags:
351	<c>radeonfb</c>, <c>rivafb</c>, <c>atyfb</c>, <c>aty128</c>, <c>nvidiafb</c>
352	or <c>ofonly</c>. You can follow this tag with the resolution and
353	refreshrate you want to use. For instance
354	<c>video=radeonfb:1280x1024@75</c>. If you are uncertain what to choose,
355	<c>ofonly</c> will most certainly work.
356	</ti>
357	</tr>
358	<tr>
359	<ti><c>nol3</c></ti>
360	<ti>
361	Disables level 3 cache on some powerbooks (needed for at least the 17")
362	</ti>
363	</tr>
364	<tr>
365	<ti><c>debug</c></ti>
366	<ti>
367	Enables verbose booting, spawns an initrd shell that can be used to debug
368	the Installation CD
369	</ti>
370	</tr>
371	<tr>
372	<ti><c>sleep=X</c></ti>
373	<ti>
374	Wait X seconds before continuing; this can be needed by some very old SCSI
375	CD-ROMs which don't speed up the CD quick enough
376	</ti>
377	</tr>
378	<tr>
379	<ti><c>bootfrom=X</c></ti>
380	<ti>
381	Boot from a different device
382	</ti>
383	</tr>
384	</table>
385
386	<p>
387	At this prompt, hit enter, and a complete Gentoo Linux environment will be
388	loaded from the CD. Continue with <uri link="#booted">And When You're
389	Booted...</uri>.
390	</p>
391
392	</body>
393	</subsection>
394	<subsection>
395	<title>IBM pSeries</title>
396	<body>
397
398	<p>
399	The CD should autoboot on your pSeries box, but sometimes it does not. In that
400	case, you have to set up your cdrom as a bootable device in the multi-boot
401	menu. If you start your machine with a monitor and a keyboard attached, you can
402	reach the multi-boot menu pressing the F1 key on startup. But if you start your
403	machine using the serial console, then you have to press <c>1</c>. Press the
404	key when you see the beginning of the following line on the serial console:
405	</p>
406
407	<pre caption="Hit the '1' key when this line appears">
408	memory keyboard network scsi speaker
409	</pre>
410
411	<p>
412	The other option is to jump into OpenFirmware and do it from there:
413	</p>
414
415	<ol>
416	<li>
417	Boot into OpenFirmware: same procedure as getting into multi-boot
418	(described a few lines above), but use F8 and 8 instead of F1 and 1.
419	</li>
420	<li>Run the command 0> boot cdrom:1,yaboot</li>
421	<li>Stand back and enjoy!</li>
422	</ol>
423
424	<note>
425	If you get something like the following output, then OpenFirmware isn't set up
426	correctly. Please use the multi-boot option described above.
427	</note>
428
429	<pre caption="Output if OpenFirmware is not set up correctly">
430	0 > boot cdrom:1,yaboot
431	ok
432	0 >
433	</pre>
434
435	</body>
436	</subsection>
437	<subsection id="booted">
438	<title>And When You're Booted...</title>
439	<body>
440
441	<p>
442	You will be greeted by a root ("#") prompt on the current console. You can also
443	switch to other consoles by pressing Alt-fn-F2, Alt-fn-F3 and Alt-fn-F4. Get
444	back to the one you started on by pressing Alt-fn-F1.
445	</p>
446
447	<p>
448	If you are installing Gentoo on a system with a non-US keyboard, use
449	<c>loadkeys</c> to load the keymap for your keyboard. To list the available
450	keymaps, execute <c>ls /usr/share/keymaps/i386</c>.
451	</p>
452
453	<pre caption="Listing available keymaps">
454	<comment>(PPC uses x86 keymaps on most systems. The mac/ppc keymaps provided
455	on the Installation CD are ADB keymaps and unusable with the
456	Installation CD kernel)</comment>
457	# <i>ls /usr/share/keymaps/i386</i>
458	</pre>
459
460	<p>
461	Now load the keymap of your choice:
462	</p>
463
464	<pre caption="Loading a keymap">
465	# <i>loadkeys be-latin1</i>
466	</pre>
467
468	<p>
469	Now continue with <uri link="#hardware">Extra Hardware Configuration</uri>.
470	</p>
471
472	</body>
473	</subsection>
474	<subsection id="hardware">
475	<title>Extra Hardware Configuration</title>
476	<body>
477
478	<p>
479	When the Installation CD boots, it tries to detect all your hardware devices and
480	loads the appropriate kernel modules to support your hardware. In the vast
481	majority of cases, it does a very good job. However, in some cases it may not
482	auto-load the kernel modules you need. If the PCI auto-detection missed some of
483	your system's hardware, you will have to load the appropriate kernel modules
484	manually.
485	</p>
486
487	<p>
488	In the next example we try to load the <c>8139too</c> module (support for
489	certain kinds of network interfaces):
490	</p>
491
492	<pre caption="Loading kernel modules">
493	# <i>modprobe 8139too</i>
494	</pre>
495
496	</body>
497	</subsection>
498	<subsection>
499	<title>Optional: Tweaking Hard Disk Performance</title>
500	<body>
501
502	<p>
503	If you are an advanced user, you might want to tweak the IDE hard disk
504	performance using <c>hdparm</c>. With the <c>-tT</c> options you can
505	test the performance of your disk (execute it several times to get a
506	more precise impression):
507	</p>
508
509	<pre caption="Testing disk performance">
510	# <i>hdparm -tT /dev/hda</i>
511	</pre>
512
513	<p>
514	To tweak, you can use any of the following examples (or experiment
515	yourself) which use <path>/dev/hda</path> as disk (substitute with your
516	disk):
517	</p>
518
519	<pre caption="Tweaking hard disk performance">
520	<comment>Activate DMA:</comment>
521	# <i>hdparm -d 1 /dev/hda</i>
522	<comment>Activate DMA + Safe Performance-enhancing Options:</comment>
523	# <i>hdparm -d 1 -A 1 -m 16 -u 1 -a 64 /dev/hda</i>
524	</pre>
525
526	</body>
527	</subsection>
528	<subsection id="useraccounts">
529	<title>Optional: User Accounts</title>
530	<body>
531
532	<p>
533	If you plan on giving other people access to your installation
534	environment or you want to chat using <c>irssi</c> without root privileges (for
535	security reasons), you need to create the necessary user accounts and change
536	the root password.
537	</p>
538
539	<p>
540	To change the root password, use the <c>passwd</c> utility:
541	</p>
542
543	<pre caption="Changing the root password">
544	# <i>passwd</i>
545	New password: <comment>(Enter your new password)</comment>
546	Re-enter password: <comment>(Re-enter your password)</comment>
547	</pre>
548
549	<p>
550	To create a user account, we first enter their credentials, followed by
551	its password. We use <c>useradd</c> and <c>passwd</c> for these tasks.
552	In the next example, we create a user called "john".
553	</p>
554
555	<pre caption="Creating a user account">
556	# <i>useradd -m -G users john</i>
557	# <i>passwd john</i>
558	New password: <comment>(Enter john's password)</comment>
559	Re-enter password: <comment>(Re-enter john's password)</comment>
560	</pre>
561
562	<p>
563	You can change your user id from root to the newly created user by using
564	<c>su</c>:
565	</p>
566
567	<pre caption="Changing user id">
568	# <i>su - john</i>
569	</pre>
570
571	</body>
572	</subsection>
573	<subsection>
574	<title>Optional: Viewing Documentation while Installing</title>
575	<body>
576
577	<p>
578	If you want to view the Gentoo Handbook during the installation, make sure you
579	have created a user account (see <uri link="#useraccounts">Optional: User
580	Accounts</uri>). Then press <c>Alt-F2</c> to go to a new terminal and log in.
581	</p>
582
583	<p>
584	If you want to view the documentation on the CD you can immediately run
585	<c>links</c> to read it:
586	</p>
587
588	<pre caption="Viewing the on-CD documentation">
589	# <i>links /mnt/cdrom/docs/handbook/html/index.html</i>
590	</pre>
591
592	<p>
593	However, it is preferred that you use the online Gentoo Handbook as it will be
594	more recent than the one provided on the CD.
595	</p>
596
597	<pre caption="Viewing the Online Documentation">
598	# <i>links http://www.gentoo.org/doc/en/handbook/<keyval id="online-book"/></i>
599	</pre>
600
601	<p>
602	You can go back to your original terminal by pressing <c>Alt-F1</c>.
603	</p>
604
605	</body>
606	</subsection>
607	<subsection>
608	<title>Optional: Starting the SSH Daemon</title>
609	<body>
610
611	<p>
612	If you want to allow other users to access your computer during the
613	Gentoo installation (perhaps because those users are going to help you
614	install Gentoo, or even do it for you), you need to create a user
615	account for them and perhaps even provide them with your root password
616	(<e>only</e> do that <e>if</e> you <b>fully trust</b> that user).
617	</p>
618
619	<p>
620	To fire up the SSH daemon, execute the following command:
621	</p>
622
623	<pre caption="Starting the SSH daemon">
624	# <i>/etc/init.d/sshd start</i>
625	</pre>
626
627	<p>
628	To be able to use sshd, you first need to set up your networking. Continue with
629	the chapter on <uri link="?part=1&chap=3">Configuring your Network</uri>.
630	</p>
631
632	</body>
633	</subsection>
634	</section>
635	</sections>