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| 2 | <!DOCTYPE sections SYSTEM "/dtd/book.dtd"> |
2 | <!DOCTYPE sections SYSTEM "/dtd/book.dtd"> |
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| 4 | <!-- The content of this document is licensed under the CC-BY-SA license --> |
4 | <!-- The content of this document is licensed under the CC-BY-SA license --> |
| 5 | <!-- See http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5 --> |
5 | <!-- See http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5 --> |
| 6 | |
6 | |
| 7 | <!-- $Header: /var/cvsroot/gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en/handbook/hb-install-sparc-disk.xml,v 1.30 2007/06/26 07:07:27 nightmorph Exp $ --> |
7 | <!-- $Header: /var/cvsroot/gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en/handbook/hb-install-sparc-disk.xml,v 1.31 2008/04/01 08:53:46 nightmorph Exp $ --> |
| 8 | |
8 | |
| 9 | <sections> |
9 | <sections> |
| 10 | |
10 | |
| 11 | <version>4.1</version> |
11 | <version>5.0</version> |
| 12 | <date>2007-06-26</date> |
12 | <date>2008-04-01</date> |
| 13 | |
13 | |
| 14 | <section> |
14 | <section> |
| 15 | <title>Introduction to Block Devices</title> |
15 | <title>Introduction to Block Devices</title> |
| 16 | <subsection> |
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| 17 | <title>Block Devices</title> |
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| 18 | <body> |
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| 19 | |
16 | |
| 20 | <p> |
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| 21 | We'll take a good look at some of the disk-oriented aspects of Gentoo Linux |
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| 22 | and Linux in general, including Linux filesystems, partitions, and block |
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| 23 | devices. Then, once you're familiar with the ins and outs of disks and |
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| 24 | filesystems, you'll be guided through the process of setting up partitions |
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| 25 | and filesystems for your Gentoo Linux installation. |
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| 26 | </p> |
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| 27 | |
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| 28 | <p> |
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| 29 | To begin, we introduce <e>block devices</e>. The most typical block device is |
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| 30 | probably the one that represents the first SCSI hard disk in a Linux system, |
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| 31 | namely <path>/dev/sda</path>. |
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| 32 | </p> |
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| 33 | |
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| 34 | <p> |
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| 35 | Block devices represent an abstract interface to the disk. User programs can |
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| 36 | use these block devices to interact with your disk without worrying about |
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| 37 | whether your drives are IDE, SCSI, or something else. The program can simply |
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| 38 | address the storage on the disk as a bunch of contiguous, randomly-accessible |
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| 39 | 512-byte blocks. |
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| 40 | </p> |
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| 41 | |
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| 42 | <p> |
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| 43 | Block devices show up as entries in <path>/dev/</path>. Typically, the first |
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| 44 | SCSI drive is named <path>/dev/sda</path>, the second <path>/dev/sdb</path>, |
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| 45 | and so on. IDE drives are named similarly, however, they are prefixed by hd- |
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| 46 | instead of sd-. If you are using IDE drives, the first one will be named |
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| 47 | <path>/dev/hda</path>, the second <path>/dev/hdb</path>, and so on. |
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| 48 | </p> |
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| 49 | |
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| 50 | </body> |
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| 51 | </subsection> |
17 | <subsection> |
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18 | <include href="hb-install-blockdevices.xml"/> |
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19 | </subsection> |
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20 | |
| 52 | <subsection> |
21 | <subsection> |
| 53 | <title>Partitions</title> |
22 | <title>Partitions</title> |
| 54 | <body> |
23 | <body> |
| 55 | |
24 | |
| 56 | <p> |
25 | <p> |
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| 488 | Otherwise, read on to learn about the available filesystems... |
457 | Otherwise, read on to learn about the available filesystems... |
| 489 | </p> |
458 | </p> |
| 490 | |
459 | |
| 491 | </body> |
460 | </body> |
| 492 | </subsection> |
461 | </subsection> |
| 493 | <subsection> |
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| 494 | <title>Filesystems?</title> |
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| 495 | <body> |
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| 496 | |
462 | |
| 497 | <p> |
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| 498 | Several filesystems are available, some are known to be stable on the |
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| 499 | SPARC architecture. Ext2 and ext3, for example, are known to work well. |
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| 500 | Alternate filesystems may not function correctly. |
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| 501 | </p> |
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| 502 | |
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| 503 | <p> |
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| 504 | <b>ext2</b> is the tried-and-true Linux filesystem. It does not support |
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| 505 | journaling, which means that periodic checks of ext2 filesystems at startup |
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| 506 | can be quite time-consuming. There is quite a selection of newer-generation |
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| 507 | journaled filesystems that can be checked for consistency very quickly at |
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| 508 | startup, and are therefore generally preferred over their non-journaled |
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| 509 | counterparts. In general, journaled filesystems prevent long delays when a |
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| 510 | system is booted and the filesystem is in an inconsistent state. |
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| 511 | </p> |
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| 512 | |
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| 513 | <p> |
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| 514 | <b>ext3</b> is the journaled version of the ext2 filesystem, providing metadata |
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| 515 | journaling for fast recovery in addition to other enhanced journaling modes like |
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| 516 | full data and ordered data journaling. It uses an HTree index that enables high |
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| 517 | performance in almost all situations. In short, ext3 is a very good and reliable |
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| 518 | filesystem. |
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| 519 | </p> |
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| 520 | |
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| 521 | </body> |
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| 522 | </subsection> |
463 | <subsection> |
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464 | <include href="hb-install-filesystems.xml"/> |
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465 | </subsection> |
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466 | |
| 523 | <subsection id="filesystems-apply"> |
467 | <subsection id="filesystems-apply"> |
| 524 | <title>Applying a Filesystem to a Partition</title> |
468 | <title>Applying a Filesystem to a Partition</title> |
| 525 | <body> |
469 | <body> |
| 526 | |
470 | |
| 527 | <p> |
471 | <p> |
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