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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> |
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<!DOCTYPE sections SYSTEM "/dtd/book.dtd"> |
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<!-- The content of this document is licensed under the CC-BY-SA license --> |
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<!-- See http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5 --> |
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<!-- $Header: /var/cvsroot/gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en/handbook/hb-net-start.xml,v 1.9 2010/04/15 06:17:23 nightmorph Exp $ --> |
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<sections> |
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|
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<abstract> |
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A guide to quickly get your network interface up and running in most common |
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environments. |
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</abstract> |
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|
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<version>9</version> |
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<date>2011-08-13</date> |
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|
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<section> |
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<title>Getting started</title> |
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<body> |
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|
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<note> |
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This document assumes that you have correctly configured your kernel, its |
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modules for your hardware and you know the interface name of your hardware. |
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We also assume that you are configuring <c>eth0</c>, but it could also be |
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<c>eth1</c>, <c>wlan0</c>, etc. |
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</note> |
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|
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<p> |
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To get started configuring your network card, you need to tell the Gentoo RC |
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system about it. This is done by creating a symbolic link from |
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<path>net.lo</path> to <path>net.eth0</path> in <path>/etc/init.d</path>. |
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</p> |
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|
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<pre caption="Symlinking net.eth0 to net.lo"> |
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# <i>cd /etc/init.d</i> |
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# <i>ln -s net.lo net.eth0</i> |
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</pre> |
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|
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<p> |
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Gentoo's RC system now knows about that interface. It also needs to know how |
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to configure the new interface. All the network interfaces are configured in |
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<path>/etc/conf.d/net</path>. Below is a sample configuration for DHCP and |
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static addresses. |
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</p> |
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|
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<pre caption="Examples for /etc/conf.d/net"> |
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<comment># For DHCP</comment> |
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config_eth0="dhcp" |
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|
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<comment># For static IP using CIDR notation</comment> |
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config_eth0="192.168.0.7/24" |
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routes_eth0="default via 192.168.0.1" |
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|
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<comment># For static IP using netmask notation</comment> |
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config_eth0="192.168.0.7 netmask 255.255.255.0" |
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routes_eth0="default via 192.168.0.1" |
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</pre> |
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|
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<note> |
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If you do not specify a configuration for your interface then DHCP is assumed. |
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</note> |
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|
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<note> |
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CIDR stands for Classless InterDomain Routing. Originally, IPv4 addresses were |
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classified as A, B, or C. The early classification system did not envision the |
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massive popularity of the Internet, and is in danger of running out of new |
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unique addresses. CIDR is an addressing scheme that allows one IP address to |
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designate many IP addresses. A CIDR IP address looks like a normal IP address |
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except that it ends with a slash followed by a number; for example, |
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192.168.0.0/16. CIDR is described in <uri |
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link="http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc1519">RFC 1519</uri>. |
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</note> |
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|
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<p> |
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Now that we have configured our interface, we can start and stop it using the |
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following commands: |
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</p> |
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|
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<pre caption="Starting and stopping network scripts"> |
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# <i>/etc/init.d/net.eth0 start</i> |
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# <i>/etc/init.d/net.eth0 stop</i> |
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</pre> |
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|
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<impo> |
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When troubleshooting networking, take a look at <path>/var/log/rc.log</path>. |
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Unless you have <c>rc_logger="NO"</c> set in <path>/etc/rc.conf</path>, you |
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will find information on the boot activity stored in that log file. |
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</impo> |
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|
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<p> |
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Now that you have successfully started and stopped your network interface, you |
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may wish to get it to start when Gentoo boots. Here's how to do this. The last |
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"rc" command instructs Gentoo to start any scripts in the current runlevel |
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that have not yet been started. |
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</p> |
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|
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<pre caption="Configuring a network interface to load at boot time"> |
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# <i>rc-update add net.eth0 default</i> |
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# <i>rc</i> |
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</pre> |
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|
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</body> |
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</section> |
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|
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</sections> |
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