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1<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?> 1<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?>
2<!DOCTYPE guide SYSTEM "/dtd/guide.dtd"> 2<!DOCTYPE guide SYSTEM "/dtd/guide.dtd">
3<!-- $Header: /var/cvsroot/gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en/xorg-config.xml,v 1.30 2009/06/10 18:28:53 nightmorph Exp $ --> 3<!-- $Header: /var/cvsroot/gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en/xorg-config.xml,v 1.31 2009/10/02 07:37:57 nightmorph Exp $ -->
4 4
5<guide link="/doc/en/xorg-config.xml"> 5<guide link="/doc/en/xorg-config.xml">
6<title>The X Server Configuration HOWTO</title> 6<title>The X Server Configuration HOWTO</title>
7 7
8<author title="Author"> 8<author title="Author">
9 <mail link="swift@gentoo.org">Sven Vermeulen</mail> 9 <mail link="swift@gentoo.org">Sven Vermeulen</mail>
10</author> 10</author>
11<author title="Editor"> 11<author title="Author">
12 <mail link="nightmorph"/> 12 <mail link="nightmorph"/>
13</author> 13</author>
14 14
15<abstract> 15<abstract>
16Xorg is the X Window server which allows users to have a graphical 16Xorg is the X Window server which allows users to have a graphical
17environment at their fingertips. This HOWTO explains what Xorg is, how to 17environment at their fingertips. This HOWTO explains what Xorg is, how to
18install it and what the various configuration options are. 18install it and what the various configuration options are.
19</abstract> 19</abstract>
20 20
21<!-- The content of this document is licensed under the CC-BY-SA license --> 21<!-- The content of this document is licensed under the CC-BY-SA license -->
22<!-- See http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5 --> 22<!-- See http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5 -->
23<license/> 23<license/>
24 24
25<version>1.21</version> 25<version>1.22</version>
26<date>2009-06-10</date> 26<date>2009-10-02</date>
27 27
28<chapter> 28<chapter>
29<title>What is the X Window Server?</title> 29<title>What is the X Window Server?</title>
30<section> 30<section>
31<title>Graphical vs Command-Line</title> 31<title>Graphical vs Command-Line</title>
32<body> 32<body>
33 33
34<p> 34<p>
35The average user may be frightened at the thought of having to type in commands. 35The average user may be frightened at the thought of having to type in commands.
36Why wouldn't he be able to point and click his way through the freedom provided 36Why wouldn't he be able to point and click his way through the freedom provided
37by Gentoo (and Linux in general)? Well, *big smile*, of course you are able to 37by Gentoo (and Linux in general)? Well, *big smile*, of course you are able to
38do this. :-) Linux offers a wide variety of flashy user interfaces and 38do this. :-) Linux offers a wide variety of flashy user interfaces and
39environments which you can install on top of your existing installation. 39environments which you can install on top of your existing installation.
40</p> 40</p>
41 41
… …
308<p> 308<p>
309Now try <c>startx</c> to start up your X server. <c>startx</c> is a script 309Now try <c>startx</c> to start up your X server. <c>startx</c> is a script
310that executes an <e>X session</e>, that is, it starts the X servers and some 310that executes an <e>X session</e>, that is, it starts the X servers and some
311graphical applications on top of it. It decides which applications to run 311graphical applications on top of it. It decides which applications to run
312using the following logic: 312using the following logic:
313</p> 313</p>
314 314
315<ul> 315<ul>
316 <li> 316 <li>
317 If a file named <path>.xinitrc</path> exists in the home directory, it will 317 If a file named <path>.xinitrc</path> exists in the home directory, it will
318 execute the commands listed there. 318 execute the commands listed there.
319 </li> 319 </li>
320 <li> 320 <li>
321 Otherwise, it will read the value of the XSESSION variable and will execute 321 Otherwise, it will read the value of the XSESSION variable and will execute
322 one of the sessions available in <path>/etc/X11/Sessions/</path> 322 one of the sessions available in <path>/etc/X11/Sessions/</path>
323 accordingly (you can set the value of XSESSION in <path>/etc/rc.conf</path> 323 accordingly. You can set the value of XSESSION in
324 to make it a default for all the users on the system). 324 <path>/etc/env.d/90xsession</path> to make it a default for all the users on
325 the system. For example, as root, run <c>echo XSESSION="Xfce4" >
326 /etc/env.d/90xsession</c>. This will create the <path>90xsession</path> file
327 and set the default X session to Xfce4.
325 </li> 328 </li>
326 <li> 329 <li>
327 If all of the above fail, it will fall back to a simple window manager, 330 If all of the above fail, it will fall back to a simple window manager,
328 usually <c>twm</c>. 331 usually <c>twm</c>.
329 </li> 332 </li>
330</ul> 333</ul>
331 334
332<pre caption="Starting X"> 335<pre caption="Starting X">
333# <i>startx</i> 336# <i>startx</i>
334</pre> 337</pre>
335 338
336<p> 339<p>
337If you see an ugly, loathsome, repulsive, deformed window manager, that's 340If you see an ugly, loathsome, repulsive, deformed window manager, that's
338<c>twm</c>. To finish the twm session, type in <c>exit</c> or Ctrl-D in the 341<c>twm</c>. To finish the twm session, type in <c>exit</c> or Ctrl-D in the
339upcoming xterms. You can also kill the X session using the Ctrl-Alt-Backspace 342upcoming xterms. You can also kill the X session using the Ctrl-Alt-Backspace
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