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27<div class="document">
28<table class="rfc2822 field-list" frame="void" rules="none"> 23<table class="rfc2822 docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none">
29<col class="field-name" /> 24<col class="field-name" />
30<col class="field-body" /> 25<col class="field-body" />
31<tbody valign="top"> 26<tbody valign="top">
32<tr class="field"><th class="field-name">GLEP:</th><td class="field-body">33</td> 27<tr class="field"><th class="field-name">GLEP:</th><td class="field-body">33</td>
33</tr> 28</tr>
34<tr class="field"><th class="field-name">Title:</th><td class="field-body">Eclass Restructure/Redesign</td> 29<tr class="field"><th class="field-name">Title:</th><td class="field-body">Eclass Restructure/Redesign</td>
35</tr> 30</tr>
36<tr class="field"><th class="field-name">Version:</th><td class="field-body">1.2</td> 31<tr class="field"><th class="field-name">Version:</th><td class="field-body">1.6</td>
37</tr> 32</tr>
38<tr class="field"><th class="field-name">Last-Modified:</th><td class="field-body"><a class="reference" href="http://www.gentoo.org/cgi-bin/viewcvs/xml/htdocs/proj/en/glep/glep-0033.txt?cvsroot=gentoo">2005/03/06 20:33:20</a></td> 33<tr class="field"><th class="field-name">Last-Modified:</th><td class="field-body"><a class="reference" href="http://www.gentoo.org/cgi-bin/viewcvs.cgi/xml/htdocs/proj/en/glep/glep-0033.txt?cvsroot=gentoo">2006/09/05 20:54:30</a></td>
39</tr> 34</tr>
40<tr class="field"><th class="field-name">Author:</th><td class="field-body">Brian Harring &lt;ferringb&#32;&#97;t&#32;gentoo.org&gt;, John Mylchreest &lt;johnm&#32;&#97;t&#32;gentoo.org&gt;</td> 35<tr class="field"><th class="field-name">Author:</th><td class="field-body">Brian Harring &lt;ferringb&#32;&#97;t&#32;gentoo.org&gt;, John Mylchreest &lt;johnm&#32;&#97;t&#32;gentoo.org&gt;</td>
41</tr> 36</tr>
42<tr class="field"><th class="field-name">Status:</th><td class="field-body">Draft</td> 37<tr class="field"><th class="field-name">Status:</th><td class="field-body">Moribund</td>
43</tr> 38</tr>
44<tr class="field"><th class="field-name">Type:</th><td class="field-body">Standards Track</td> 39<tr class="field"><th class="field-name">Type:</th><td class="field-body">Standards Track</td>
45</tr> 40</tr>
46<tr class="field"><th class="field-name">Content-Type:</th><td class="field-body"><a class="reference" href="glep-0012.html">text/x-rst</a></td> 41<tr class="field"><th class="field-name">Content-Type:</th><td class="field-body"><a class="reference" href="glep-0002.html">text/x-rst</a></td>
47</tr> 42</tr>
48<tr class="field"><th class="field-name">Created:</th><td class="field-body">29-Jan-2005</td> 43<tr class="field"><th class="field-name">Created:</th><td class="field-body">29-Jan-2005</td>
49</tr> 44</tr>
50<tr class="field"><th class="field-name">Post-History:</th><td class="field-body">29-Jan-2005</td> 45<tr class="field"><th class="field-name">Post-History:</th><td class="field-body">29-Jan-2005 6-Mar-2005 15-Sep-2005 5-Sep-2006</td>
51</tr> 46</tr>
52</tbody> 47</tbody>
53</table> 48</table>
54<hr /> 49<hr />
55<div class="contents topic" id="contents"> 50<div class="contents topic">
56<p class="topic-title first"><a name="contents">Contents</a></p> 51<p class="topic-title first"><a id="contents" name="contents">Contents</a></p>
57<ul class="simple"> 52<ul class="simple">
53<li><a class="reference" href="#status" id="id2" name="id2">Status</a></li>
58<li><a class="reference" href="#abstract" id="id2" name="id2">Abstract</a></li> 54<li><a class="reference" href="#abstract" id="id3" name="id3">Abstract</a></li>
59<li><a class="reference" href="#terminology" id="id3" name="id3">Terminology</a></li> 55<li><a class="reference" href="#terminology" id="id4" name="id4">Terminology</a></li>
60<li><a class="reference" href="#motivation-and-rationale" id="id4" name="id4">Motivation and Rationale</a></li> 56<li><a class="reference" href="#motivation-and-rationale" id="id5" name="id5">Motivation and Rationale</a></li>
61<li><a class="reference" href="#specification" id="id5" name="id5">Specification.</a><ul> 57<li><a class="reference" href="#specification" id="id6" name="id6">Specification</a><ul>
62<li><a class="reference" href="#ebuild-libraries-elibs-for-short" id="id6" name="id6">Ebuild Libraries (elibs for short)</a></li> 58<li><a class="reference" href="#ebuild-libraries-elibs-for-short" id="id7" name="id7">Ebuild Libraries (elibs for short)</a></li>
63<li><a class="reference" href="#the-reduced-role-of-eclasses-and-a-clarification-of-existing-eclass-requirements" id="id7" name="id7">The reduced role of Eclasses, and a clarification of existing Eclass requirements</a></li> 59<li><a class="reference" href="#the-reduced-role-of-eclasses-and-a-clarification-of-existing-eclass-requirements" id="id8" name="id8">The reduced role of Eclasses, and a clarification of existing Eclass requirements</a></li>
64<li><a class="reference" href="#the-end-of-backwards-compatibility" id="id8" name="id8">The end of backwards compatibility...</a></li> 60<li><a class="reference" href="#the-end-of-backwards-compatibility" id="id9" name="id9">The end of backwards compatibility...</a></li>
65<li><a class="reference" href="#tree-restructuring" id="id9" name="id9">Tree restructuring.</a></li> 61<li><a class="reference" href="#tree-restructuring" id="id10" name="id10">Tree restructuring</a></li>
66<li><a class="reference" href="#the-start-of-a-different-phase-of-backwards-compatibility" id="id10" name="id10">The start of a different phase of backwards compatibility</a></li> 62<li><a class="reference" href="#the-start-of-a-different-phase-of-backwards-compatibility" id="id11" name="id11">The start of a different phase of backwards compatibility</a></li>
67<li><a class="reference" href="#migrating-to-the-new-setup" id="id11" name="id11">Migrating to the new setup</a></li> 63<li><a class="reference" href="#migrating-to-the-new-setup" id="id12" name="id12">Migrating to the new setup</a></li>
68</ul> 64</ul>
69</li> 65</li>
70<li><a class="reference" href="#backwards-compatibility" id="id12" name="id12">Backwards Compatibility</a></li> 66<li><a class="reference" href="#backwards-compatibility" id="id13" name="id13">Backwards Compatibility</a></li>
71<li><a class="reference" href="#copyright" id="id13" name="id13">Copyright</a></li> 67<li><a class="reference" href="#copyright" id="id14" name="id14">Copyright</a></li>
72</ul> 68</ul>
73</div> 69</div>
74<div class="section" id="abstract"> 70<div class="section">
71<h1><a class="toc-backref" href="#id2" id="status" name="status">Status</a></h1>
72<p>Approved by the Gentoo Council on 15 September 2005. As of Sept. 2006
73this GLEP is on hold, pending future revisions.</p>
74</div>
75<div class="section">
75<h1><a class="toc-backref" href="#id2" name="abstract">Abstract</a></h1> 76<h1><a class="toc-backref" href="#id3" id="abstract" name="abstract">Abstract</a></h1>
76<p>For any design, the transition from theoretical to applied exposes inadequacies 77<p>For any design, the transition from theoretical to applied exposes inadequacies
77in the original design. This document is intended to document, and propose a 78in the original design. This document is intended to document, and propose a
78revision of the current eclass setup to address current eclass inadequacies.</p> 79revision of the current eclass setup to address current eclass inadequacies.</p>
79<p>This document proposes several things- the creation of ebuild libraries, 'elibs', 80<p>This document proposes several things- the creation of ebuild libraries, 'elibs',
80a narrowing of the focus of eclasses, a move of eclasses w/in the tree, the 81a narrowing of the focus of eclasses, a move of eclasses w/in the tree, the
81addition of changelogs, and a way to allow for simple eclass gpg signing. 82addition of changelogs, and a way to allow for simple eclass gpg signing.
82In general, a large scale restructuring of what eclasses are and how they're 83In general, a large scale restructuring of what eclasses are and how they're
83implemented. Essentially version two of the eclass setup.</p> 84implemented. Essentially version two of the eclass setup.</p>
84</div> 85</div>
85<div class="section" id="terminology"> 86<div class="section">
86<h1><a class="toc-backref" href="#id3" name="terminology">Terminology</a></h1> 87<h1><a class="toc-backref" href="#id4" id="terminology" name="terminology">Terminology</a></h1>
87<p>From this point on, the proposed eclass setup will be called 'new eclasses', the 88<p>From this point on, the proposed eclass setup will be called 'new eclasses', the
88existing crop (as of this writing) will be referenced as 'old eclasses'. The 89existing crop (as of this writing) will be referenced as 'old eclasses'. The
89distinction is elaborated on within this document.</p> 90distinction is elaborated on within this document.</p>
90</div> 91</div>
91<div class="section" id="motivation-and-rationale"> 92<div class="section">
92<h1><a class="toc-backref" href="#id4" name="motivation-and-rationale">Motivation and Rationale</a></h1> 93<h1><a class="toc-backref" href="#id5" id="motivation-and-rationale" name="motivation-and-rationale">Motivation and Rationale</a></h1>
93<p>Eclasses within the tree currently are a bit of a mess- they're forced to 94<p>Eclasses within the tree currently are a bit of a mess- they're forced to
94maintain backwards compatibility w/ all previous functionality. In effect, 95maintain backwards compatibility w/ all previous functionality. In effect,
95their api is constant, and can only be added to- never changing the existing 96their api is constant, and can only be added to- never changing the existing
96functionality. This obviously is quite limiting, and leads to cruft accruing in 97functionality. This obviously is quite limiting, and leads to cruft accruing in
97eclasses as a eclasses design is refined. This needs to be dealt with prior to 98eclasses as a eclasses design is refined. This needs to be dealt with prior to
98eclass code reaching a critical mass where they become unmanageable/fragile 99eclass code reaching a critical mass where they become unmanageable/fragile
99(recent pushes for eclass versioning could be interpreted as proof of this).</p> 100(recent pushes for eclass versioning could be interpreted as proof of this).</p>
100<p>Beyond that, eclasses were originally intended as a method to allow for ebuilds 101<p>Beyond that, eclasses were originally intended as a method to allow for ebuilds
101to use a pre-existing block of code, rather then having to duplicate the code in 102to use a pre-existing block of code, rather then having to duplicate the code in
102each ebuild. This is a good thing, but there are ill effects that result from 103each ebuild. This is a good thing, but there are ill effects that result from
103the current design. Eclasses inherit other eclasses to get a single function- in 104the current design. Eclasses inherit other eclasses to get a single function- in
104doing so, modifying the the exported 'template' (default src_compile, default 105doing so, modifying the the exported 'template' (default src_compile, default
105src_unpack, various vars, etc). All the eclass designer was after was reusing a 106src_unpack, various vars, etc). All the eclass designer was after was reusing a
106function, not making their eclass sensitive to changes in the template of the 107function, not making their eclass sensitive to changes in the template of the
107eclass it's inheriting. The eclass designer -should- be aware of changes in the 108eclass it's inheriting. The eclass designer -should- be aware of changes in the
108function they're using, but shouldn't have to worry about their default src_* 109function they're using, but shouldn't have to worry about their default src_*
109and pkg_* functions being overwritten, let alone the env changes.</p> 110and pkg_* functions being overwritten, let alone the env changes.</p>
110<p>Addressing up front why a collection of eclass refinements are being rolled into 111<p>Addressing up front why a collection of eclass refinements are being rolled into
111a single set of changes, parts of this proposal -could- be split into multiple 112a single set of changes, parts of this proposal -could- be split into multiple
112phases. Why do it though? It's simpler for developers to know that the first 113phases. Why do it though? It's simpler for developers to know that the first
113eclass specification was this, and that the second specification is that, 114eclass specification was this, and that the second specification is that,
114rather then requiring them to be aware of what phase of eclass changes is in 115rather then requiring them to be aware of what phase of eclass changes is in
115progress.</p> 116progress.</p>
116<p>By rolling all changes into one large change, a line is intentionally drawn in 117<p>By rolling all changes into one large change, a line is intentionally drawn in
117the sand. Old eclasses allowed for this, behaved this way. New eclasses allow 118the sand. Old eclasses allowed for this, behaved this way. New eclasses allow
118for that, and behave this way. This should reduce misconceptions about what is 119for that, and behave this way. This should reduce misconceptions about what is
119allowed/possible with eclasses, thus reducing bugs that result from said 120allowed/possible with eclasses, thus reducing bugs that result from said
120misconceptions.</p> 121misconceptions.</p>
121<p>A few words on elibs- think of them as a clear definition between behavioral 122<p>A few words on elibs- think of them as a clear definition between behavioral
122functionality of an eclass, and the library functionality. Eclass's modify 123functionality of an eclass, and the library functionality. Eclass's modify
123template data, and are the basis for other ebuilds- elibs, however are <em>just</em> 124template data, and are the basis for other ebuilds- elibs, however are <em>just</em>
124common bash functionality.</p> 125common bash functionality.</p>
125<p>Consider the majority of the portage bin/* scripts- these all are candidates for 126<p>Consider the majority of the portage bin/* scripts- these all are candidates for
126being added to the tree as elibs, as is the bulk of eutils.</p> 127being added to the tree as elibs, as is the bulk of eutils.</p>
127</div> 128</div>
128<div class="section" id="specification"> 129<div class="section">
129<h1><a class="toc-backref" href="#id5" name="specification">Specification.</a></h1> 130<h1><a class="toc-backref" href="#id6" id="specification" name="specification">Specification</a></h1>
130<p>The various parts of this proposal are broken down into a set of changes and 131<p>The various parts of this proposal are broken down into a set of changes and
131elaborations on why a proposed change is preferable. It's advisable to the 132elaborations on why a proposed change is preferable. It's advisable to the
132reader that this be read serially, rather then jumping around.</p> 133reader that this be read serially, rather then jumping around.</p>
133<div class="section" id="ebuild-libraries-elibs-for-short"> 134<div class="section">
134<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id6" name="ebuild-libraries-elibs-for-short">Ebuild Libraries (elibs for short)</a></h2> 135<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id7" id="ebuild-libraries-elibs-for-short" name="ebuild-libraries-elibs-for-short">Ebuild Libraries (elibs for short)</a></h2>
135<p>As briefly touched upon in Motivation and Rationale, the original eclass design 136<p>As briefly touched upon in Motivation and Rationale, the original eclass design
136allowed for the eclass to modify the metadata of an ebuild, metadata being the 137allowed for the eclass to modify the metadata of an ebuild, metadata being the
137DEPENDS, RDEPENDS, SRC_URI, IUSE, etc, vars that are required to be constant, 138DEPENDS, RDEPENDS, SRC_URI, IUSE, etc, vars that are required to be constant,
138and used by portage for dep resolution, fetching, etc. Using the earlier 139and used by portage for dep resolution, fetching, etc. Using the earlier
139example, if you're after a single function from an eclass (say epatch from 140example, if you're after a single function from an eclass (say epatch from
… …
141inheriting might do. You want to treat the eclass you're pulling from as a 142inheriting might do. You want to treat the eclass you're pulling from as a
142library, pure and simple.</p> 143library, pure and simple.</p>
143<p>A new directory named elib should be added to the top level of the tree to serve 144<p>A new directory named elib should be added to the top level of the tree to serve
144as a repository of ebuild function libraries. Rather then relying on using the 145as a repository of ebuild function libraries. Rather then relying on using the
145source command, an 'elib' function should be added to portage to import that 146source command, an 'elib' function should be added to portage to import that
146libraries functionality. The reason for the indirection via the function is 147libraries functionality. The reason for the indirection via the function is
147mostly related to portage internals, but it does serve as an abstraction such 148mostly related to portage internals, but it does serve as an abstraction such
148that (for example) zsh compatibility hacks could be hidden in the elib function.</p> 149that (for example) zsh compatibility hacks could be hidden in the elib function.</p>
149<p>Elib's will be collections of bash functions- they're not allowed to do anything 150<p>Elib's will be collections of bash functions- they're not allowed to do anything
150in the global scope aside from function definition, and any -minimal- 151in the global scope aside from function definition, and any -minimal-
151initialization of the library that is absolutely needed. Additionally, they 152initialization of the library that is absolutely needed. Additionally, they
152cannot modify any ebuild template functions- src_compile, src_unpack. Since they are 153cannot modify any ebuild template functions- src_compile, src_unpack. Since they are
153required to not modify the metadata keys, nor in any way affect the ebuild aside 154required to not modify the metadata keys, nor in any way affect the ebuild aside
154from providing functionality, they can be conditionally pulled in. They also 155from providing functionality, they can be conditionally pulled in. They also
155are allowed to pull in other elibs, but strictly just elibs- no eclasses, just 156are allowed to pull in other elibs, but strictly just elibs- no eclasses, just
156other elibs. A real world example would be the eutils eclass.</p> 157other elibs. A real world example would be the eutils eclass.</p>
157<p>Portage, since the elib's don't modify metadata, isn't required to track elibs 158<p>Portage, since the elib's don't modify metadata, isn't required to track elibs
158as it tracks eclasses. Thus a change in an elib doesn't result in half the tree 159as it tracks eclasses. Thus a change in an elib doesn't result in half the tree
159forced to be regenerated/marked stale when changed (this is more of an infra 160forced to be regenerated/marked stale when changed (this is more of an infra
160benefit, although regen's that take too long due to eclass changes have been 161benefit, although regen's that take too long due to eclass changes have been
161known to cause rsync issues due to missing timestamps).</p> 162known to cause rsync issues due to missing timestamps).</p>
162<p>Elibs will not be available in the global scope of an eclass, or ebuild- nor during the 163<p>Elibs will not be available in the global scope of an eclass, or ebuild- nor during the
163depends phase (basically a phase that sources the ebuild, to get it's metadata). Elib 164depends phase (basically a phase that sources the ebuild, to get its metadata). Elib
164calls in the global scope will be tracked, but the elib will not be loaded till just before 165calls in the global scope will be tracked, but the elib will not be loaded till just before
165the setup phase (pkg_setup). There are two reasons for this- first, it ensures elibs are 166the setup phase (pkg_setup). There are two reasons for this- first, it ensures elibs are
166completely incapable of modifying metadata. There is no room for confusion, late loading 167completely incapable of modifying metadata. There is no room for confusion, late loading
167of elibs gives you the functionality for all phases, except for depends- depends being the 168of elibs gives you the functionality for all phases, except for depends- depends being the
168only phase that is capable of specifying metadata. Second, as an added bonus, late 169only phase that is capable of specifying metadata. Second, as an added bonus, late
169loading reduces the amount of bash sourced for a regen- faster regens. This however is minor, 170loading reduces the amount of bash sourced for a regen- faster regens. This however is minor,
170and is an ancillary benefit of the first reason.</p> 171and is an ancillary benefit of the first reason.</p>
171<p>There are a few further restrictions with elibs--mainly, elibs to load can only be specified 172<p>There are a few further restrictions with elibs--mainly, elibs to load can only be specified
172in either global scope, or in the setup, unpack, compile, test, and install phases. You can 173in either global scope, or in the setup, unpack, compile, test, and install phases. You can
173not load elibs in prerm, postrm, preinst, and postinst. The reason being, for *rm phases, 174not load elibs in prerm, postrm, preinst, and postinst. The reason being, for *rm phases,
174installed pkgs will have to look to the tree for the elib, which allows for api drift to cause 175installed pkgs will have to look to the tree for the elib, which allows for api drift to cause
175breakage. For *inst phases, same thing, except the culprit is binpkgs.</p> 176breakage. For *inst phases, same thing, except the culprit is binpkgs.</p>
176<p>There is a final restriction--elibs cannot change their exported api dependent on the api 177<p>There is a final restriction--elibs cannot change their exported api dependent on the api
177(as some eclass do for example). The reason mainly being that elibs are loaded once--not 178(as some eclass do for example). The reason mainly being that elibs are loaded once--not
178multiple times, as eclasses are.</p> 179multiple times, as eclasses are.</p>
179<p>To clarify, for example this is invalid.</p> 180<p>To clarify, for example this is invalid.</p>
180<pre class="literal-block"> 181<pre class="literal-block">
181if [[ -n ${SOME_VAR} ]]; then 182if [[ -n ${SOME_VAR} ]]; then
182 func x() { echo &quot;I'm accessible only via tweaking some var&quot;;} 183 func x() { echo &quot;I'm accessible only via tweaking some var&quot;;}
… …
184 func x() { echo &quot;this is invalid, do not do it.&quot;; } 185 func x() { echo &quot;this is invalid, do not do it.&quot;; }
185fi 186fi
186</pre> 187</pre>
187<p>Regarding maintainability of elibs, it should be a less of a load then old 188<p>Regarding maintainability of elibs, it should be a less of a load then old
188eclasses. One of the major issues with old eclasses is that their functions are 189eclasses. One of the major issues with old eclasses is that their functions are
189quite incestuous- they're bound tightly to the env they're defined in. This 190quite incestuous- they're bound tightly to the env they're defined in. This
190makes eclass functions a bit fragile- the restrictions on what can, and cannot 191makes eclass functions a bit fragile- the restrictions on what can, and cannot
191be done in elibs will address this, making functionality less fragile (thus a 192be done in elibs will address this, making functionality less fragile (thus a
192bit more maintainable).</p> 193bit more maintainable).</p>
193<p>There is no need for backwards compatibility with elibs- they just must work 194<p>There is no need for backwards compatibility with elibs- they just must work
194against the current tree. Thus elibs can be removed when the tree no longer 195against the current tree. Thus elibs can be removed when the tree no longer
195needs them. The reasons for this are explained below.</p> 196needs them. The reasons for this are explained below.</p>
196<p>Structuring of the elibs directory will be exactly the same as that of the new 197<p>Structuring of the elibs directory will be exactly the same as that of the new
197eclass directory (detailed below), sans a different extension.</p> 198eclass directory (detailed below), sans a different extension.</p>
198<p>As to why their are so many restrictions, the answer is simple- the definition of 199<p>As to why their are so many restrictions, the answer is simple- the definition of
199what elibs are, what they are capable of, and how to use them is nailed down as much as 200what elibs are, what they are capable of, and how to use them is nailed down as much as
200possible to avoid <em>any</em> ambiguity related to them. The intention is to make it clear, 201possible to avoid <em>any</em> ambiguity related to them. The intention is to make it clear,
201such that no misconceptions occur, resulting in bugs.</p> 202such that no misconceptions occur, resulting in bugs.</p>
202</div> 203</div>
203<div class="section" id="the-reduced-role-of-eclasses-and-a-clarification-of-existing-eclass-requirements"> 204<div class="section">
204<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id7" name="the-reduced-role-of-eclasses-and-a-clarification-of-existing-eclass-requirements">The reduced role of Eclasses, and a clarification of existing Eclass requirements</a></h2> 205<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id8" id="the-reduced-role-of-eclasses-and-a-clarification-of-existing-eclass-requirements" name="the-reduced-role-of-eclasses-and-a-clarification-of-existing-eclass-requirements">The reduced role of Eclasses, and a clarification of existing Eclass requirements</a></h2>
205<p>Since elibs are now intended on holding common bash functionality, the focus of 206<p>Since elibs are now intended on holding common bash functionality, the focus of
206eclasses should be in defining an appropriate template for ebuilds. For example, 207eclasses should be in defining an appropriate template for ebuilds. For example,
207defining common DEPENDS, RDEPENDS, src_compile functions, src_unpack, etc. 208defining common DEPENDS, RDEPENDS, src_compile functions, src_unpack, etc.
208Additionally, eclasses should pull in any elibs they need for functionality.</p> 209Additionally, eclasses should pull in any elibs they need for functionality.</p>
209<p>Eclass functionality that isn't directly related to the metadata, or src_* and 210<p>Eclass functionality that isn't directly related to the metadata, or src_* and
210pkg_* funcs should be shifted into elibs to allow for maximal code reuse. This 211pkg_* funcs should be shifted into elibs to allow for maximal code reuse. This
211however isn't a hard requirement, merely a strongly worded suggestion.</p> 212however isn't a hard requirement, merely a strongly worded suggestion.</p>
… …
222pulled in, leading to compilation failure, or dud deps.</p> 223pulled in, leading to compilation failure, or dud deps.</p>
223<p>If the existing metadata isn't flexible enough for what is required for a 224<p>If the existing metadata isn't flexible enough for what is required for a
224package, the parsing of the metadata is changed to address that. Cases where 225package, the parsing of the metadata is changed to address that. Cases where
225the constant requirement is violated are known, and a select few are allowed- 226the constant requirement is violated are known, and a select few are allowed-
226these are exceptions to the rule that are required due to inadequacies in 227these are exceptions to the rule that are required due to inadequacies in
227portage. Any case where it's determined the constant requirement may need to be 228portage. Any case where it's determined the constant requirement may need to be
228violated the dev must make it aware to the majority of devs, along with the portage 229violated the dev must make it aware to the majority of devs, along with the portage
229devs. This should be done prior to committing.</p> 230devs. This should be done prior to committing.</p>
230<p>It's quite likely there is a way to allow what you're attempting- if you just go 231<p>It's quite likely there is a way to allow what you're attempting- if you just go
231and do it, the rsync users (our user base) suffer the results of compilation 232and do it, the rsync users (our user base) suffer the results of compilation
232failures and unneeded deps being pulled in.</p> 233failures and unneeded deps being pulled in.</p>
233<p>After that stern reminder, back to new eclasses. Defining INHERITED and ECLASS 234<p>After that stern reminder, back to new eclasses. Defining INHERITED and ECLASS
… …
237indefinitely- compatibility must be maintained against the current tree, but 238indefinitely- compatibility must be maintained against the current tree, but
238just that. As such new eclasses (the true distinction of new vs old is 239just that. As such new eclasses (the true distinction of new vs old is
239elaborated in the next section) can be removed from the tree once they're no 240elaborated in the next section) can be removed from the tree once they're no
240longer in use.</p> 241longer in use.</p>
241</div> 242</div>
242<div class="section" id="the-end-of-backwards-compatibility"> 243<div class="section">
243<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id8" name="the-end-of-backwards-compatibility">The end of backwards compatibility...</a></h2> 244<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id9" id="the-end-of-backwards-compatibility" name="the-end-of-backwards-compatibility">The end of backwards compatibility...</a></h2>
244<p>With current eclasses, once the eclass is in use, it's api can no longer be 245<p>With current eclasses, once the eclass is in use, its api can no longer be
245changed, nor can the eclass ever be removed from the tree. This is why we still 246changed, nor can the eclass ever be removed from the tree. This is why we still
246have <em>ancient</em> eclasses that are completely unused sitting in the tree, for 247have <em>ancient</em> eclasses that are completely unused sitting in the tree, for
247example inherit.eclass . The reason for this, not surprisingly is a portage 248example inherit.eclass. The reason for this, not surprisingly, is a portage
248deficiency- on unmerging an installed ebuild, portage used the eclass from the 249deficiency: on unmerging an installed ebuild, portage used the eclass from the
249current tree.</p> 250current tree.</p>
250<p>For a real world example of this, if you merged a glibc 2 years back, whatever 251<p>For a real world example of this, if you merged a glibc 2 years back, whatever
251eclasses it used must still be compatible, or you may not be able to unmerge the 252eclasses it used must still be compatible, or you may not be able to unmerge the
252older glibc version during an upgrade to a newer version. So either the glibc 253older glibc version during an upgrade to a newer version. So either the glibc
253maintainer is left with the option of leaving people using ancient versions out 254maintainer is left with the option of leaving people using ancient versions out
… …
261be re-used rather then relying on the eclass. In other words, binpkgs and 262be re-used rather then relying on the eclass. In other words, binpkgs and
262installed ebuilds will no longer go and pull needed eclasses from the tree, 263installed ebuilds will no longer go and pull needed eclasses from the tree,
263they'll use the 'saved' version of the eclass they were built/merged with.</p> 264they'll use the 'saved' version of the eclass they were built/merged with.</p>
264<p>So the backwards compatibility requirement for users of the next major portage 265<p>So the backwards compatibility requirement for users of the next major portage
265version (and beyond) isn't required. All the cruft can be dropped.</p> 266version (and beyond) isn't required. All the cruft can be dropped.</p>
266<p>The problem is that there will be users using older versions of portage that don't 267<p>The problem is that there will be users using older versions of portage that don't
267support this functionality- these older installations <em>cannot</em> use the 268support this functionality- these older installations <em>cannot</em> use the
268new eclasses, due to the fact that their portage version is incapable of 269new eclasses, due to the fact that their portage version is incapable of
269properly relying on the env- in other words, the varying api of the eclass will 270properly relying on the env- in other words, the varying api of the eclass will
270result in user-visible failures during unmerging.</p> 271result in user-visible failures during unmerging.</p>
271<p>So we're able to do a clean break of all old eclasses, and api cruft, but we need 272<p>So we're able to do a clean break of all old eclasses, and api cruft, but we need
272a means to basically disallow access to the new eclasses for all portage versions 273a means to basically disallow access to the new eclasses for all portage versions
273incapable of properly handling the env requirements.</p> 274incapable of properly handling the env requirements.</p>
274<p>Unfortunately, we cannot just rely on a different grouping/naming convention within 275<p>Unfortunately, we cannot just rely on a different grouping/naming convention within
275the old eclass directory. The new eclasses must be inaccessible, and portage throws 276the old eclass directory. The new eclasses must be inaccessible, and portage throws
276a snag into this- the existing inherit function that is used to handle existing 277a snag into this- the existing inherit function that is used to handle existing
277eclasses. Basically, whatever it's passed (inherit kernel or inherit 278eclasses. Basically, whatever it's passed (inherit kernel or inherit
278kernel/kernel) it will pull in (kernel.eclass, and kernel/kernel.eclass 279kernel/kernel) it will pull in (kernel.eclass, and kernel/kernel.eclass
279respectively). So even if the new eclasses were implemented within a 280respectively). So even if the new eclasses were implemented within a
280subdirectory of the eclass dir in the tree, all current portage versions would 281subdirectory of the eclass dir in the tree, all current portage versions would
281still be able to access them.</p> 282still be able to access them.</p>
282<p>In other words, these new eclasses would in effect, be old eclasses since older 283<p>In other words, these new eclasses would in effect, be old eclasses since older
283portage versions could still access them.</p> 284portage versions could still access them.</p>
284</div> 285</div>
285<div class="section" id="tree-restructuring"> 286<div class="section">
286<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id9" name="tree-restructuring">Tree restructuring.</a></h2> 287<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id10" id="tree-restructuring" name="tree-restructuring">Tree restructuring</a></h2>
287<p>There are only two way to block the existing (as of this writing) inherit 288<p>There are only two way to block the existing (as of this writing) inherit
288functionality from accessing the new eclasses- either change the extension of 289functionality from accessing the new eclasses- either change the extension of
289eclasses to something other then 'eclass', or to have them stored in a separate 290eclasses to something other then 'eclass', or to have them stored in a separate
290subdirectory of the tree then eclass.</p> 291subdirectory of the tree then eclass.</p>
291<p>The latter is preferable, and the proposed solution. Reasons are- the current 292<p>The latter is preferable, and the proposed solution. Reasons are- the current
292eclass directory is already overgrown. Structuring of the new eclass dir 293eclass directory is already overgrown. Structuring of the new eclass dir
293(clarified below) will allow for easier signing, ChangeLogs, and grouping of 294(clarified below) will allow for easier signing, ChangeLogs, and grouping of
294eclasses. New eclasses allow for something akin to a clean break and have new 295eclasses. New eclasses allow for something akin to a clean break and have new
295capabilities/requirements, thus it's advisable to start with a clean directory, 296capabilities/requirements, thus it's advisable to start with a clean directory,
296devoid of all cruft from the old eclass implementation.</p> 297devoid of all cruft from the old eclass implementation.</p>
297<p>If it's unclear as to why the old inherit function <em>cannot</em> access the new 298<p>If it's unclear as to why the old inherit function <em>cannot</em> access the new
298eclasses, please reread the previous section. It's unfortunately a requirement 299eclasses, please reread the previous section. It's unfortunately a requirement
299to take advantage of all that the next major portage release will allow.</p> 300to take advantage of all that the next major portage release will allow.</p>
300<p>The proposed directory structure is ${PORTDIR}/include/{eclass,elib}. 301<p>The proposed directory structure is ${PORTDIR}/include/{eclass,elib}.
301Something like ${PORTDIR}/new-eclass, or ${PORTDIR}/eclass-ng could be used 302Something like ${PORTDIR}/new-eclass, or ${PORTDIR}/eclass-ng could be used
302(although many would cringe at the -ng), but such a name is unwise. Consider the 303(although many would cringe at the -ng), but such a name is unwise. Consider the
303possibility (likely a fact) that new eclasses someday may be found lacking, and 304possibility (likely a fact) that new eclasses someday may be found lacking, and
304refined further (version three as it were). Or perhaps we want to add yet more 305refined further (version three as it were). Or perhaps we want to add yet more
305functionality with direct relation to sourcing new files, and we would then need 306functionality with direct relation to sourcing new files, and we would then need
306to further populate ${PORTDIR}.</p> 307to further populate ${PORTDIR}.</p>
307<p>The new-eclass directory will be (at least) 2 levels deep- for example:</p> 308<p>The new-eclass directory will be (at least) 2 levels deep- for example:</p>
308<dl> 309<dl class="docutils">
309<dt>::</dt> 310<dt>::</dt>
310<dd>kernel/ 311<dd>kernel/
311kernel/linux-info.eclass 312kernel/linux-info.eclass
312kernel/linux-mod.eclass 313kernel/linux-mod.eclass
313kernel/kernel-2.6.eclass 314kernel/kernel-2.6.eclass
… …
322saner/easier signing of eclasses- you can just stick a signed 323saner/easier signing of eclasses- you can just stick a signed
323Manifest file w/in that grouping, thus providing the information portage needs 324Manifest file w/in that grouping, thus providing the information portage needs
324to ensure no files are missing, and that nothing has been tainted.</p> 325to ensure no files are missing, and that nothing has been tainted.</p>
325<p>The elib directory will be structured in the same way, for the same reasons.</p> 326<p>The elib directory will be structured in the same way, for the same reasons.</p>
326<p>Repoman will have to be extended to work within new eclass and elib groups, and 327<p>Repoman will have to be extended to work within new eclass and elib groups, and
327to handle signing and committing. This is intentional, and a good thing. This 328to handle signing and committing. This is intentional, and a good thing. This
328gives repoman the possibility of doing sanity checks on elibs/new eclasses.</p> 329gives repoman the possibility of doing sanity checks on elibs/new eclasses.</p>
329<p>Note these checks will not prevent developers from doing dumb things with eclass- 330<p>Note these checks will not prevent developers from doing dumb things with eclass-
330these checks would only be capable of doing basic sanity checks, such as syntax checks. 331these checks would only be capable of doing basic sanity checks, such as syntax checks.
331There is no way to prevent people from doing dumb things (exempting perhaps repeated 332There is no way to prevent people from doing dumb things (exempting perhaps repeated
332applications of a cattle prod)- these are strictly automatic checks, akin to repoman's 333applications of a cattle prod)- these are strictly automatic checks, akin to repoman's
333dependency checks.</p> 334dependency checks.</p>
334</div> 335</div>
335<div class="section" id="the-start-of-a-different-phase-of-backwards-compatibility"> 336<div class="section">
336<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id10" name="the-start-of-a-different-phase-of-backwards-compatibility">The start of a different phase of backwards compatibility</a></h2> 337<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id11" id="the-start-of-a-different-phase-of-backwards-compatibility" name="the-start-of-a-different-phase-of-backwards-compatibility">The start of a different phase of backwards compatibility</a></h2>
337<p>As clarified above, new eclasses will exist in a separate directory that will be 338<p>As clarified above, new eclasses will exist in a separate directory that will be
338intentionally inaccessible to the inherit function. As such, users of older 339intentionally inaccessible to the inherit function. As such, users of older
339portage versions <em>will</em> have to upgrade to merge any ebuild that uses elibs/new 340portage versions <em>will</em> have to upgrade to merge any ebuild that uses elibs/new
340eclasses. A depend on the next major portage version would transparently handle 341eclasses. A depend on the next major portage version would transparently handle
341this for rsync users.</p> 342this for rsync users.</p>
342<p>There still is the issue of users who haven't upgraded to the required portage 343<p>There still is the issue of users who haven't upgraded to the required portage
343version. This is a minor concern frankly- portage releases include new 344version. This is a minor concern frankly- portage releases include new
344functionality, and bug fixes. If they won't upgrade, it's assumed they have 345functionality, and bug fixes. If they won't upgrade, it's assumed they have
345their reasons and are big boys, thus able to handle the complications themselves.</p> 346their reasons and are big boys, thus able to handle the complications themselves.</p>
346<p>The real issue is broken envs, whether in binpkgs, or for installed packages. 347<p>The real issue is broken envs, whether in binpkgs, or for installed packages.
347Two options exist- either the old eclasses are left in the tree indefinitely, or 348Two options exist- either the old eclasses are left in the tree indefinitely, or
348they're left for N months, then shifted out of the tree, and into a tarball that 349they're left for N months, then shifted out of the tree, and into a tarball that
… …
359<p>For users who do not upgrade within the window of N months while the old 360<p>For users who do not upgrade within the window of N months while the old
360eclasses are in the tree, as stated, it's assumed they know what they are doing. 361eclasses are in the tree, as stated, it's assumed they know what they are doing.
361If they specifically block the new portage version, as the ebuilds in the tree 362If they specifically block the new portage version, as the ebuilds in the tree
362migrate to the new eclasses, they will have less and less ebuilds available to 363migrate to the new eclasses, they will have less and less ebuilds available to
363them. If they tried injecting the new portage version (lying to portage, 364them. If they tried injecting the new portage version (lying to portage,
364essentially), portage would bail since it cannot find the new eclass. 365essentially), portage would bail since it cannot find the new eclass.
365For ebuilds that use the new eclasses, there really isn't any way to sidestep 366For ebuilds that use the new eclasses, there really isn't any way to sidestep
366the portage version requirement- same as it has been for other portage features.</p> 367the portage version requirement- same as it has been for other portage features.</p>
367<p>What is a bit more annoying is that once the old eclasses are out of the tree, 368<p>What is a bit more annoying is that once the old eclasses are out of the tree,
368if a user has not upgraded to a portage version supporting env processing, they 369if a user has not upgraded to a portage version supporting env processing, they
369will lose the ability to unmerge any installed ebuild that used an old 370will lose the ability to unmerge any installed ebuild that used an old
370eclass. Same cause, different symptom being they will lose the ability to merge 371eclass. Same cause, different symptom being they will lose the ability to merge
371any tbz2 that uses old eclasses also.</p> 372any tbz2 that uses old eclasses also.</p>
372<p>There is one additional case that is a rarity, but should be noted- if a user 373<p>There is one additional case that is a rarity, but should be noted- if a user
373has suffered significant corruption of their installed package database (vdb). This is 374has suffered significant corruption of their installed package database (vdb). This is
374ignoring the question of whether the vdb is even usable at this point, but the possibility 375ignoring the question of whether the vdb is even usable at this point, but the possibility
375exists for the saved envs to be non usable due to either A) missing, or B) corrupted. 376exists for the saved envs to be non usable due to either A) missing, or B) corrupted.
376In such a case, even with the new portage capabilities, they would need 377In such a case, even with the new portage capabilities, they would need
377the old eclass compat ebuild.</p> 378the old eclass compat ebuild.</p>
378<p>Note for this to happen requires either rather... unwise uses of root, or significant 379<p>Note for this to happen requires either rather... unwise uses of root, or significant
379fs corruption. Regardless of the cause, it's quite likely for this to even become an 380fs corruption. Regardless of the cause, it's quite likely for this to even become an
380issue, the system's vdb is completely unusable. It's a moot issue at that point. 381issue, the system's vdb is completely unusable. It's a moot issue at that point.
381If you lose your vdb, or it gets seriously damaged, it's akin to lobotomizing portage- 382If you lose your vdb, or it gets seriously damaged, it's akin to lobotomizing portage-
382it doesn't know what's installed, it doesn't know of it's own files, and in general, 383it doesn't know what's installed, it doesn't know of its own files, and in general,
383a rebuilding of the system is about the only sane course of action. The missing env is 384a rebuilding of the system is about the only sane course of action. The missing env is
384truly the least of the users concern in such a case.</p> 385truly the least of the users concern in such a case.</p>
385<p>Continuing with the more likely scenario, users unwilling to upgrade portage will 386<p>Continuing with the more likely scenario, users unwilling to upgrade portage will
386<em>not</em> be left out in the rain. Merging the old eclass compat ebuild will provide 387<em>not</em> be left out in the rain. Merging the old eclass compat ebuild will provide
387the missing eclasses, thus providing that lost functionality .</p> 388the missing eclasses, thus providing that lost functionality.</p>
388<p>Note the intention isn't to force them to upgrade, hence the ability to restore the 389<p>Note the intention isn't to force them to upgrade, hence the ability to restore the
389lost functionality. The intention is to clean up the existing mess, and allow us 390lost functionality. The intention is to clean up the existing mess, and allow us
390to move forward. The saying &quot;you've got to break a few eggs to make an omelet&quot; 391to move forward. The saying &quot;you've got to break a few eggs to make an omelet&quot;
391is akin, exempting the fact we're providing a way to make the eggs whole again 392is akin, exempting the fact we're providing a way to make the eggs whole again
392(the king's men would've loved such an option).</p> 393(the king's men would've loved such an option).</p>
393</div> 394</div>
394<div class="section" id="migrating-to-the-new-setup"> 395<div class="section">
395<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id11" name="migrating-to-the-new-setup">Migrating to the new setup</a></h2> 396<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id12" id="migrating-to-the-new-setup" name="migrating-to-the-new-setup">Migrating to the new setup</a></h2>
396<p>As has been done in the past whenever a change in the tree results in ebuilds 397<p>As has been done in the past whenever a change in the tree results in ebuilds
397requiring a specific version of portage, as ebuilds migrate to the new eclasses, 398requiring a specific version of portage, as ebuilds migrate to the new eclasses,
398they should depend on a version of portage that supports it. From the users 399they should depend on a version of portage that supports it. From the users
399viewpoint, this transparently handles the migration.</p> 400viewpoint, this transparently handles the migration.</p>
400<p>This isn't so transparent for devs or a particular infrastructure server however. 401<p>This isn't so transparent for devs or a particular infrastructure server however.
… …
406<p>Additionally, prior to any ebuilds in the tree using the new eclasses, the 407<p>Additionally, prior to any ebuilds in the tree using the new eclasses, the
407infrastructure server that generates the cache for rsync users will have to 408infrastructure server that generates the cache for rsync users will have to
408either be upgraded to a version of portage supporting new eclasses, or patched. 409either be upgraded to a version of portage supporting new eclasses, or patched.
409The former being much more preferable then the latter for the portage devs.</p> 410The former being much more preferable then the latter for the portage devs.</p>
410<p>Beyond that, an appropriate window for old eclasses to exist in the tree must be 411<p>Beyond that, an appropriate window for old eclasses to exist in the tree must be
411determined, and prior to that window passing an ebuild must be added to the tree 412determined, and prior to that window passing, an ebuild must be added to the tree
412so users can get the old eclasses if needed.</p> 413so users can get the old eclasses if needed.</p>
413<p>For eclass devs to migrate from old to new, it is possible for them to just 414<p>For eclass devs to migrate from old to new, it is possible for them to just
414transfer the old eclass into an appropriate grouping in the new eclass directory, 415transfer the old eclass into an appropriate grouping in the new eclass directory,
415although it's advisable they cleanse all cruft out of the eclass. You can 416although it's advisable they cleanse all cruft out of the eclass. You can
416migrate ebuilds gradually over to the new eclass, and don't have to worry about 417migrate ebuilds gradually over to the new eclass, and don't have to worry about
417having to support ebuilds from X years back.</p> 418having to support ebuilds from X years back.</p>
418<p>Essentially, you have a chance to nail the design perfectly/cleanly, and have a 419<p>Essentially, you have a chance to nail the design perfectly/cleanly, and have a
419window in which to redesign it. It's humbly suggested eclass devs take 420window in which to redesign it. It's humbly suggested eclass devs take
420advantage of it. :)</p> 421advantage of it. :)</p>
421</div> 422</div>
422</div> 423</div>
423<div class="section" id="backwards-compatibility"> 424<div class="section">
424<h1><a class="toc-backref" href="#id12" name="backwards-compatibility">Backwards Compatibility</a></h1> 425<h1><a class="toc-backref" href="#id13" id="backwards-compatibility" name="backwards-compatibility">Backwards Compatibility</a></h1>
425<p>All backwards compatibility issues are addressed in line, but a recap is offered- 426<p>All backwards compatibility issues are addressed in line, but a recap is offered-
426it's suggested that if the a particular compatibility issue is 427it's suggested that if the a particular compatibility issue is
427questioned/worried over, the reader read the relevant section. There should be 428questioned/worried over, the reader read the relevant section. There should be
428a more in depth discussion of the issue, along with a more extensive explanation 429a more in depth discussion of the issue, along with a more extensive explanation
429of the potential solutions, and reasons for the chosen solution.</p> 430of the potential solutions, and reasons for the chosen solution.</p>
430<p>To recap:</p> 431<p>To recap:</p>
431<pre class="literal-block"> 432<pre class="literal-block">
432New eclasses and elib functionality will be tied to a specific portage 433New eclasses and elib functionality will be tied to a specific portage
433version. A DEPENDs on said portage version should address this for rsync 434version. A DEPENDs on said portage version should address this for rsync
434users who refuse to upgrade to a portage version that supports the new 435users who refuse to upgrade to a portage version that supports the new
435eclasses/elibs and will gradually be unable to merge ebuilds that use said 436eclasses/elibs and will gradually be unable to merge ebuilds that use said
436functionality. It is their choice to upgrade, as such, the gradual 437functionality. It is their choice to upgrade, as such, the gradual
437'thinning' of available ebuilds should they block the portage upgrade is 438'thinning' of available ebuilds should they block the portage upgrade is
438their responsibility. 439their responsibility.
439 440
440Old eclasses at some point in the future should be removed from the tree, 441Old eclasses at some point in the future should be removed from the tree,
441and released in a tarball/ebuild. This will cause installed ebuilds that 442and released in a tarball/ebuild. This will cause installed ebuilds that
442rely on the old eclass to be unable to unmerge, with the same applying for 443rely on the old eclass to be unable to unmerge, with the same applying for
443merging of binpkgs dependent on the following paragraph. 444merging of binpkgs dependent on the following paragraph.
444 445
445The old eclass-compat is only required for users who do not upgrade their 446The old eclass-compat is only required for users who do not upgrade their
446portage installation, and one further exemption- if the user has somehow 447portage installation, and one further exemption- if the user has somehow
447corrupted/destroyed their installed pkgs database (/var/db/pkg currently), 448corrupted/destroyed their installed pkgs database (/var/db/pkg currently),
448in the process, they've lost their saved environments. The eclass-compat 449in the process, they've lost their saved environments. The eclass-compat
449ebuild would be required for ebuilds that required older eclasses in such a 450ebuild would be required for ebuilds that required older eclasses in such a
450case. Note, this case is rare also- as clarified above, it's mentioned 451case. Note, this case is rare also- as clarified above, it's mentioned
451strictly to be complete, it's not much of a real world scenario as elaborated 452strictly to be complete, it's not much of a real world scenario as elaborated
452above. 453above.
453</pre> 454</pre>
454</div> 455</div>
455<div class="section" id="copyright"> 456<div class="section">
456<h1><a class="toc-backref" href="#id13" name="copyright">Copyright</a></h1> 457<h1><a class="toc-backref" href="#id14" id="copyright" name="copyright">Copyright</a></h1>
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464Generated on: 2005-03-06 20:38 UTC. 465Generated on: 2007-10-13 13:39 UTC.
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