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<tr><td class="navicon" width="150" height="35"> |
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<a href="http://www.gentoo.org/" title="Gentoo Linux Home Page"> |
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[<b><a href="http://www.gentoo.org/">Gentoo Linux Home</a></b>] |
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[<b><a href="http://www.gentoo.org/proj/en/glep">GLEP Index</a></b>] |
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[<b><a href="http://www.gentoo.org/proj/en/glep/glep-0055.txt">GLEP Source</a></b>] |
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<table class="rfc2822 docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none"> |
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<col class="field-name" /> |
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<col class="field-body" /> |
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<tbody valign="top"> |
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<tr class="field"><th class="field-name">GLEP:</th><td class="field-body">55</td> |
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</tr> |
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<tr class="field"><th class="field-name">Title:</th><td class="field-body">Use EAPI-suffixed ebuilds (.ebuild-EAPI)</td> |
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</tr> |
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<tr class="field"><th class="field-name">Version:</th><td class="field-body">1.3</td> |
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</tr> |
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<tr class="field"><th class="field-name">Last-Modified:</th><td class="field-body"><a class="reference external" href="http://www.gentoo.org/cgi-bin/viewcvs.cgi/xml/htdocs/proj/en/glep/glep-0055.txt?cvsroot=gentoo">2009/05/17 15:50:27</a></td> |
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</tr> |
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<tr class="field"><th class="field-name">Author:</th><td class="field-body">Piotr JaroszyĆski <peper at gentoo.org></td> |
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</tr> |
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<tr class="field"><th class="field-name">Status:</th><td class="field-body">Draft</td> |
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</tr> |
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<tr class="field"><th class="field-name">Type:</th><td class="field-body">Standards Track</td> |
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</tr> |
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<tr class="field"><th class="field-name">Content-Type:</th><td class="field-body"><a class="reference external" href="glep-0002.html">text/x-rst</a></td> |
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</tr> |
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<tr class="field"><th class="field-name">Created:</th><td class="field-body">17-Dec-2007</td> |
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</tr> |
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<tr class="field"><th class="field-name">Post-History:</th><td class="field-body">17-Dec-2007, 22-Dec-2007, 17-May-2009</td> |
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</tr> |
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</tbody> |
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</table> |
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<hr /> |
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<div class="contents topic" id="contents"> |
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<p class="topic-title first">Contents</p> |
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<ul class="simple"> |
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#abstract" id="id3">Abstract</a></li> |
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#problem" id="id4">Problem</a></li> |
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#current-behaviour" id="id5">Current behaviour</a><ul> |
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#incompatible-change-of-inherit-e-g-make-it-look-in-the-package-dir-too" id="id6">Incompatible change of inherit (e.g. make it look in the package dir too)</a></li> |
| 299 |
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#new-global-scope-function" id="id7">New global scope function</a></li> |
| 300 |
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#new-version-format" id="id8">New version format</a></li> |
| 301 |
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#use-newer-bash-features" id="id9">Use newer bash features</a></li> |
| 302 |
</ul> |
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</li> |
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#abstract-solution" id="id10">Abstract solution</a></li> |
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#proposed-solution" id="id11">Proposed solution</a></li> |
| 306 |
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#specification" id="id12">Specification</a></li> |
| 307 |
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#summary-of-ideas" id="id13">Summary of ideas</a><ul> |
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#eapi-suffixed-ebuilds-proposed-solution" id="id14">EAPI-suffixed ebuilds (proposed solution)</a></li> |
| 309 |
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#eapi-in-the-filename-with-one-time-extension-change" id="id15">EAPI in the filename with one-time extension change</a></li> |
| 310 |
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#easily-fetchable-eapi-inside-the-ebuild" id="id16">Easily fetchable EAPI inside the ebuild</a></li> |
| 311 |
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#easily-fetchable-eapi-inside-the-ebuild-and-one-time-extension-change" id="id17">Easily fetchable EAPI inside the ebuild and one-time extension change</a></li> |
| 312 |
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#use-different-subdirectories-for-different-eapis-i-e-cat-pkg-eapix" id="id18">Use different subdirectories for different EAPIs, i.e. cat/pkg/eapiX/</a></li> |
| 313 |
</ul> |
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</li> |
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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#references" id="id19">References</a></li> |
| 316 |
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#copyright" id="id20">Copyright</a></li> |
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</ul> |
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</div> |
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<blockquote> |
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<p>"A little learning is a dangerous thing; drink deep, or taste not the Pierian |
| 321 |
spring: there shallow draughts intoxicate the brain, and drinking largely |
| 322 |
sobers us again."</p> |
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<p class="attribution">—Alexander Pope, An Essay on Criticism</p> |
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</blockquote> |
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<div class="section" id="abstract"> |
| 326 |
<h1><a class="toc-backref" href="#id3">Abstract</a></h1> |
| 327 |
<p>This GLEP proposes usage of EAPI-suffixed file extensions for ebuilds (for |
| 328 |
example, foo-1.2.3.ebuild-1).</p> |
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</div> |
| 330 |
<div class="section" id="problem"> |
| 331 |
<h1><a class="toc-backref" href="#id4">Problem</a></h1> |
| 332 |
<p>The current way of specifying the EAPI in ebuilds is flawed. In order to get the |
| 333 |
EAPI the package manager needs to source the ebuild, which itself needs the EAPI |
| 334 |
in the first place. Otherwise it imposes a serious limitation, namely every ebuild, |
| 335 |
using any of the future EAPIs, will have to be source'able by old package |
| 336 |
managers and hence there is no way to do any of the following:</p> |
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<blockquote> |
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<ul class="simple"> |
| 339 |
<li>Change the behaviour of inherit in any way (for example, to extend or change |
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eclass functionality).</li> |
| 341 |
<li>Add new global scope functions in any sane way.</li> |
| 342 |
<li>Extend versioning rules in an EAPI - for example, addition of the scm |
| 343 |
suffix - GLEP54 <a class="footnote-reference" href="#glep54" id="id1">[1]</a> or allowing more sensible version formats like |
| 344 |
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">1-rc1</span></tt>, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">1-alpha</span></tt> etc. to match upstream more closely.</li> |
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<li>Use newer bash features.</li> |
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</ul> |
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</blockquote> |
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</div> |
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<div class="section" id="current-behaviour"> |
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<h1><a class="toc-backref" href="#id5">Current behaviour</a></h1> |
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<p>Following subsections show what happens if you introduce any of the mentioned |
| 352 |
changes in an ebuild and try to install it with portage 2.1.6.13.</p> |
| 353 |
<div class="section" id="incompatible-change-of-inherit-e-g-make-it-look-in-the-package-dir-too"> |
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<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id6">Incompatible change of inherit (e.g. make it look in the package dir too)</a></h2> |
| 355 |
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">sys-apps/foo-1.ebuild</span></tt>:</p> |
| 356 |
<pre class="literal-block"> |
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EAPI="5" |
| 358 |
inherit "foo" |
| 359 |
|
| 360 |
DESCRIPTION="" |
| 361 |
HOMEPAGE="" |
| 362 |
SRC_URI="" |
| 363 |
... |
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</pre> |
| 365 |
<p>Result:</p> |
| 366 |
<pre class="literal-block"> |
| 367 |
* |
| 368 |
* ERROR: sys-apps/foo-1 failed. |
| 369 |
* Call stack: |
| 370 |
* ebuild.sh, line 1879: Called _source_ebuild |
| 371 |
* ebuild.sh, line 1818: Called source '/var/lib/gentoo/repositories/peper/sys-apps/foo/foo-1.ebuild' |
| 372 |
* foo-1.ebuild, line 6: Called inherit 'foo' |
| 373 |
* ebuild.sh, line 1218: Called die |
| 374 |
* The specific snippet of code: |
| 375 |
* [ ! -e "$location" ] && die "${1}.eclass could not be found by inherit()" |
| 376 |
* The die message: |
| 377 |
* foo.eclass could not be found by inherit() |
| 378 |
* |
| 379 |
* If you need support, post the topmost build error, and the call stack if relevant. |
| 380 |
* This ebuild is from an overlay: '/var/lib/gentoo/repositories/peper/' |
| 381 |
* |
| 382 |
|
| 383 |
!!! All ebuilds that could satisfy "sys-apps/foo" have been masked. |
| 384 |
!!! One of the following masked packages is required to complete your request: |
| 385 |
- sys-apps/foo-1 (masked by: corruption) |
| 386 |
</pre> |
| 387 |
<p>Current portage looks for eclasses only in the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">eclass</span></tt> directory of a |
| 388 |
repository. This results in a fatal error and ebuild being masked by corruption |
| 389 |
- might be pretty confusing to users.</p> |
| 390 |
</div> |
| 391 |
<div class="section" id="new-global-scope-function"> |
| 392 |
<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id7">New global scope function</a></h2> |
| 393 |
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">sys-apps/foo-1.ebuild</span></tt>:</p> |
| 394 |
<pre class="literal-block"> |
| 395 |
EAPI="5" |
| 396 |
new_global_scope_function "foo" |
| 397 |
|
| 398 |
DESCRIPTION="" |
| 399 |
HOMEPAGE="" |
| 400 |
SRC_URI="" |
| 401 |
... |
| 402 |
</pre> |
| 403 |
<p>Result:</p> |
| 404 |
<pre class="literal-block"> |
| 405 |
/var/lib/gentoo/repositories/peper/sys-apps/foo/foo-1.ebuild: line 7: new_global_scope_function: command not found |
| 406 |
|
| 407 |
!!! All ebuilds that could satisfy "sys-apps/foo" have been masked. |
| 408 |
!!! One of the following masked packages is required to complete your request: |
| 409 |
- sys-apps/foo-1 (masked by: EAPI 5) |
| 410 |
|
| 411 |
The current version of portage supports EAPI '2'. You must upgrade to a |
| 412 |
newer version of portage before EAPI masked packages can be installed. |
| 413 |
</pre> |
| 414 |
<p>Not that bad as user is advised to upgrade portage.</p> |
| 415 |
</div> |
| 416 |
<div class="section" id="new-version-format"> |
| 417 |
<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id8">New version format</a></h2> |
| 418 |
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">sys-apps/foo-2-rc1.ebuild</span></tt>:</p> |
| 419 |
<pre class="literal-block"> |
| 420 |
Invalid ebuild name: /var/lib/gentoo/repositories/peper/sys-apps/foo/foo-2-rc1.ebuild |
| 421 |
|
| 422 |
emerge: there are no ebuilds to satisfy "sys-apps/foo" |
| 423 |
</pre> |
| 424 |
<p>Not the best error message, especially if there are lots of them.</p> |
| 425 |
</div> |
| 426 |
<div class="section" id="use-newer-bash-features"> |
| 427 |
<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id9">Use newer bash features</a></h2> |
| 428 |
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">|&</span></tt> is a new type of redirection added in bash-4. It cannot be used even in |
| 429 |
local scope as bash still parses the whole ebuild.</p> |
| 430 |
<p><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">sys-apps/foo-1.ebuild</span></tt>:</p> |
| 431 |
<pre class="literal-block"> |
| 432 |
EAPI="5" |
| 433 |
|
| 434 |
foo() { |
| 435 |
echo "foo" |& cat |
| 436 |
} |
| 437 |
</pre> |
| 438 |
<p>Result:</p> |
| 439 |
<pre class="literal-block"> |
| 440 |
/var/lib/gentoo/repositories/peper/sys-apps/foo/foo-1.ebuild: line 8: syntax error near unexpected token `&' |
| 441 |
/var/lib/gentoo/repositories/peper/sys-apps/foo/foo-1.ebuild: line 8: ` echo "foo" |& cat' |
| 442 |
* |
| 443 |
* ERROR: sys-apps/foo-1 failed. |
| 444 |
* Call stack: |
| 445 |
* ebuild.sh, line 1879: Called _source_ebuild |
| 446 |
* ebuild.sh, line 1818: Called die |
| 447 |
* The specific snippet of code: |
| 448 |
* source "${EBUILD}" || die "error sourcing ebuild" |
| 449 |
* The die message: |
| 450 |
* error sourcing ebuild |
| 451 |
* |
| 452 |
* If you need support, post the topmost build error, and the call stack if relevant. |
| 453 |
* This ebuild is from an overlay: '/var/lib/gentoo/repositories/peper/' |
| 454 |
* ... done! |
| 455 |
|
| 456 |
!!! All ebuilds that could satisfy "sys-apps/foo" have been masked. |
| 457 |
!!! One of the following masked packages is required to complete your request: |
| 458 |
- sys-apps/foo-1 (masked by: corruption) |
| 459 |
</pre> |
| 460 |
<p>Again, not the best error.</p> |
| 461 |
</div> |
| 462 |
</div> |
| 463 |
<div class="section" id="abstract-solution"> |
| 464 |
<h1><a class="toc-backref" href="#id10">Abstract solution</a></h1> |
| 465 |
<p>A solution to this problem has to lift those limitations and the only way to do |
| 466 |
it is to make the EAPI of an ebuild available to the package managers in a way |
| 467 |
that doesn't require them to source the ebuild. Another important requirement is |
| 468 |
for the solution to be backward compatible, which has the pleasant side-effect |
| 469 |
of making the solution applicable in the Gentoo tree right away. Opposed to |
| 470 |
waiting an arbitrary amount of time, which is never long enough anyway, as the |
| 471 |
issues listed on the common portage problems page - <a class="footnote-reference" href="#portageproblems" id="id2">[2]</a> - show.</p> |
| 472 |
</div> |
| 473 |
<div class="section" id="proposed-solution"> |
| 474 |
<h1><a class="toc-backref" href="#id11">Proposed solution</a></h1> |
| 475 |
<p>The proposed solution is to use EAPI-suffixed file extensions for ebuilds. This |
| 476 |
allows package managers to trivially read the EAPI from the ebuild filename. It |
| 477 |
is also backwards compatible, because currently ebuilds are recognised by the |
| 478 |
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">.ebuild</span></tt> file extension and hence EAPI-suffixed ebuilds are simply ignored by |
| 479 |
the package managers.</p> |
| 480 |
</div> |
| 481 |
<div class="section" id="specification"> |
| 482 |
<h1><a class="toc-backref" href="#id12">Specification</a></h1> |
| 483 |
<p>Ebuild filename extension syntax: <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">ebuild[-<EAPI>]</span></tt>, where <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">[]</span></tt> denotes an |
| 484 |
optional part, and <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre"><EAPI></span></tt> is the EAPI of the ebuild.</p> |
| 485 |
<p>The EAPI used by the ebuild is the EAPI included in the filename if it is set. |
| 486 |
Otherwise the EAPI set inside the ebuild is used, which defaults to 0 (this is |
| 487 |
the current behaviour).</p> |
| 488 |
<p>Ebuilds with unsupported EAPIs are masked.</p> |
| 489 |
<p>It should be considered an error to set the EAPI both in the filename and in the |
| 490 |
ebuild.</p> |
| 491 |
<p>Examples:</p> |
| 492 |
<blockquote> |
| 493 |
<ul> |
| 494 |
<li><dl class="first docutils"> |
| 495 |
<dt><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">pkg-1.ebuild</span></tt>, no EAPI set inside the ebuild</dt> |
| 496 |
<dd><p class="first last">EAPI defaults to 0.</p> |
| 497 |
</dd> |
| 498 |
</dl> |
| 499 |
</li> |
| 500 |
<li><dl class="first docutils"> |
| 501 |
<dt><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">pkg-2.ebuild-1</span></tt>, no EAPI set inside the ebuild</dt> |
| 502 |
<dd><p class="first last">EAPI 1 is used.</p> |
| 503 |
</dd> |
| 504 |
</dl> |
| 505 |
</li> |
| 506 |
<li><dl class="first docutils"> |
| 507 |
<dt><tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">pkg-3.ebuild-1</span></tt>, <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">EAPI="1"</span></tt></dt> |
| 508 |
<dd><p class="first last">EAPI set in both places - error.</p> |
| 509 |
</dd> |
| 510 |
</dl> |
| 511 |
</li> |
| 512 |
</ul> |
| 513 |
</blockquote> |
| 514 |
<p>Note that it is still not permitted to have more than one ebuild with equal |
| 515 |
category, package name, and version. Although it would have the advantage of |
| 516 |
allowing authors to provide backwards compatible ebuilds, it would introduce |
| 517 |
problems too. The first is the requirement to have strict EAPI ordering, the |
| 518 |
second is ensuring that all the ebuilds for a single category/package-version |
| 519 |
are equivalent, i.e. installing any of them has exactly the same effect on a |
| 520 |
given system.</p> |
| 521 |
</div> |
| 522 |
<div class="section" id="summary-of-ideas"> |
| 523 |
<h1><a class="toc-backref" href="#id13">Summary of ideas</a></h1> |
| 524 |
<div class="section" id="eapi-suffixed-ebuilds-proposed-solution"> |
| 525 |
<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id14">EAPI-suffixed ebuilds (proposed solution)</a></h2> |
| 526 |
<dl class="docutils"> |
| 527 |
<dt>Properties:</dt> |
| 528 |
<dd><ul class="first last simple"> |
| 529 |
<li>Can be used right away: yes</li> |
| 530 |
<li>Hurts performance: no</li> |
| 531 |
</ul> |
| 532 |
</dd> |
| 533 |
</dl> |
| 534 |
<p>Some say it is clear and simple, others that it is ugly and unintuitive.</p> |
| 535 |
</div> |
| 536 |
<div class="section" id="eapi-in-the-filename-with-one-time-extension-change"> |
| 537 |
<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id15">EAPI in the filename with one-time extension change</a></h2> |
| 538 |
<p>One of the proposed filename formats: |
| 539 |
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre"><PKG>-<VER>.eapi-<EAPI>.eb</span></tt></p> |
| 540 |
<dl class="docutils"> |
| 541 |
<dt>Properties:</dt> |
| 542 |
<dd><ul class="first last simple"> |
| 543 |
<li>Can be used right away: yes</li> |
| 544 |
<li>Hurts performance: no</li> |
| 545 |
</ul> |
| 546 |
</dd> |
| 547 |
</dl> |
| 548 |
<p>This is equivalent to the proposed solution.</p> |
| 549 |
<p>Some say it is better because the extension is static.</p> |
| 550 |
</div> |
| 551 |
<div class="section" id="easily-fetchable-eapi-inside-the-ebuild"> |
| 552 |
<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id16">Easily fetchable EAPI inside the ebuild</a></h2> |
| 553 |
<dl class="docutils"> |
| 554 |
<dt>Properties:</dt> |
| 555 |
<dd><ul class="first last simple"> |
| 556 |
<li>Can be used right away: no</li> |
| 557 |
<li>Hurts performance: yes</li> |
| 558 |
</ul> |
| 559 |
</dd> |
| 560 |
</dl> |
| 561 |
<p>Cannot be used right away as it would trigger the errors shown in Current |
| 562 |
behaviour section for old package managers.</p> |
| 563 |
<p>Performance decrease comes from the fact that with version format changes in the |
| 564 |
picture package managers need EAPI to parse the ebuild's version. That means that merely |
| 565 |
picking the best version of a package requires loading EAPI (from cache or the |
| 566 |
ebuild) for each available ebuild.</p> |
| 567 |
</div> |
| 568 |
<div class="section" id="easily-fetchable-eapi-inside-the-ebuild-and-one-time-extension-change"> |
| 569 |
<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id17">Easily fetchable EAPI inside the ebuild and one-time extension change</a></h2> |
| 570 |
<dl class="docutils"> |
| 571 |
<dt>Properties:</dt> |
| 572 |
<dd><ul class="first last simple"> |
| 573 |
<li>Can be used right away: yes</li> |
| 574 |
<li>Hurts performance: yes</li> |
| 575 |
</ul> |
| 576 |
</dd> |
| 577 |
</dl> |
| 578 |
<p>Performance decrease as described in the previous section.</p> |
| 579 |
<p>Some say it is clear and simple, others that it is confusing and unintuitive, |
| 580 |
because of the arbitrary format restrictions in what is a bash script otherwise.</p> |
| 581 |
</div> |
| 582 |
<div class="section" id="use-different-subdirectories-for-different-eapis-i-e-cat-pkg-eapix"> |
| 583 |
<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id18">Use different subdirectories for different EAPIs, i.e. cat/pkg/eapiX/</a></h2> |
| 584 |
<dl class="docutils"> |
| 585 |
<dt>Properties:</dt> |
| 586 |
<dd><ul class="first last simple"> |
| 587 |
<li>Can be used right away: yes</li> |
| 588 |
<li>Hurts performance: yes</li> |
| 589 |
</ul> |
| 590 |
</dd> |
| 591 |
</dl> |
| 592 |
<p>Performance decrease comes from the fact that it adds several more directory |
| 593 |
reads.</p> |
| 594 |
<p>Some say that it makes it much harder for maintainers to see what they have.</p> |
| 595 |
</div> |
| 596 |
</div> |
| 597 |
<div class="section" id="references"> |
| 598 |
<h1><a class="toc-backref" href="#id19">References</a></h1> |
| 599 |
<table class="docutils footnote" frame="void" id="glep54" rules="none"> |
| 600 |
<colgroup><col class="label" /><col /></colgroup> |
| 601 |
<tbody valign="top"> |
| 602 |
<tr><td class="label"><a class="fn-backref" href="#id1">[1]</a></td><td>GLEP 54, scm package version suffix |
| 603 |
(<a class="reference external" href="http://glep.gentoo.org/glep-0054.html">http://glep.gentoo.org/glep-0054.html</a>)</td></tr> |
| 604 |
</tbody> |
| 605 |
</table> |
| 606 |
<table class="docutils footnote" frame="void" id="portageproblems" rules="none"> |
| 607 |
<colgroup><col class="label" /><col /></colgroup> |
| 608 |
<tbody valign="top"> |
| 609 |
<tr><td class="label"><a class="fn-backref" href="#id2">[2]</a></td><td>Common portage problems |
| 610 |
(<a class="reference external" href="http://www.gentoo.org/proj/en/portage/doc/common-problems.xml">http://www.gentoo.org/proj/en/portage/doc/common-problems.xml</a>)</td></tr> |
| 611 |
</tbody> |
| 612 |
</table> |
| 613 |
</div> |
| 614 |
<div class="section" id="copyright"> |
| 615 |
<h1><a class="toc-backref" href="#id20">Copyright</a></h1> |
| 616 |
<p>This document has been placed in the public domain.</p> |
| 617 |
<!-- vim: set tw=80 fileencoding=utf-8 spell spelllang=en et : --> |
| 618 |
</div> |
| 619 |
|
| 620 |
</div> |
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<div class="footer"> |
| 622 |
<hr class="footer" /> |
| 623 |
<a class="reference external" href="glep-0055.txt">View document source</a>. |
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Generated on: 2009-05-17 16:58 UTC. |
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Generated by <a class="reference external" href="http://docutils.sourceforge.net/">Docutils</a> from <a class="reference external" href="http://docutils.sourceforge.net/rst.html">reStructuredText</a> source. |
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</div> |
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</body> |
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</html> |