doc/en/dri-howto.xml

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<!-- $Header: /home/cvsroot/gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en/dri-howto.xml,v 1.7 2003/12/20 19:55:17 swift Exp $ -->
<!DOCTYPE guide SYSTEM "/dtd/guide.dtd">

<guide link="/doc/en/dri-howto.xml">
<title>Hardware 3D Acceleration Guide</title>
<author title="Author">
<mail link="spyderous@gentoo.org">Donnie Berkholz</mail>
</author>
<author title="Editor">
<mail link="peesh@gentoo.org">Jorge Paulo</mail>
</author>

<license/>

<abstract>
This document is a guide to getting 3D acceleration working using XFree-DRM 
with XFree86 in Gentoo Linux.
</abstract>

<version>1.0.1</version>
<date>December 19 2003</date>

<chapter>
<title>Introduction</title>
<section>
<title>What is hardware 3D acceleration and why do I want it?</title>
<body>

<p>
With hardware 3D acceleration, three-dimensional rendering uses the graphics 
processor on your video card instead of taking up valuable CPU resources 
drawing 3D images. It's also referred to as "hardware acceleration" instead of 
"software acceleration" because without this 3D acceleration your CPU is forced
to draw everything itself using the Mesa software rendering libraries, which 
takes up quite a bit of processing power. While XFree86 typically supports 2D
hardware acceleration, it often lacks hardware 3D acceleration. 
Three-dimensional hardware acceleration is valuable in situations requiring 
rendering of 3D objects such as games, 3D CAD and modeling.
</p>

</body>
</section>
<section>
<title>How do I get hardware 3D acceleration?</title>
<body>

<p>
In many cases, both binary and open-source drivers exist. Open-source drivers 
are preferable since we're using Linux and open source is one of its underlying
principles. Sometimes, binary drivers are the only option, like with nVidia's 
cards. Binary drivers include media-video/nvidia-kernel and 
media-video/nvidia-glx for nVidia cards, media-video/mgavideo for Matrox cards 
and media-video/ati-drivers for ATI cards. Other open-source drivers include 
media-video/kyro-kernel for KyroII cards and media-video/ati-gatos for ATI 
cards, which aim to support ATI's video capabilities more fully.
</p>

</body>
</section>
<section>
<title>What is DRI?</title>
<body>

<p>
The Direct Rendering Infrastructure (<uri 
link="http://dri.sourceforge.net">dri.sourceforge.net</uri>), also known as the 
DRI, is a framework for allowing direct access to graphics hardware in a safe 
and efficient manner. It includes changes to the X server, to several client 
libraries and to the kernel. The first major use for the DRI is to create fast 
OpenGL implementations.
</p>

</body>
</section>
<section>
<title>What is XFree-DRM and how does it relate to regular XFree86?</title>
<body>

<p>
XFree-DRM is an <e>enhancement</e> to XFree86 that adds 3D acceleration for 
cards by adding the kernel module necessary for direct rendering.
</p>

</body>
</section>
<section>
<title>Purpose</title>
<body>

<p>
This guide is for people who can't get direct rendering working with just 
XFree. XFree-DRM works for 3dfx, gamma, i8x0, matrox, rage128, radeon, mach64 
(as of xfree-drm-4.3.0-r7) and sis300 series drivers.  Since the 2.4 kernels' 
Direct Rendering Manager (DRM) doesn't support XFree 4.3, the xfree-drm package
is needed. If you're using a 2.6 kernel, its DRM supports XFree 4.3; Gentoo's 
XFree-DRM package is not yet working on 2.6 kernels. See the <uri 
link="http://dri.sourceforge.net">DRI homepage</uri> for more info and 
documentation.
</p>

</body>
</section>
<section>
<title>Feedback</title>
<body>

<p>
With suggestions, questions, etc., e-mail <mail 
link="spyderous@gentoo.org">Donnie Berkholz</mail>.
</p>

</body>
</section>
</chapter>

<chapter>
<title>Install XFree86 and configure your kernel</title>
<section>
<title>Install XFree86</title>
<body>

<pre>
# <i>emerge x11-base/xfree</i>
</pre>

</body>
</section>
<section>
<title>Configure your kernel</title>
<body>

<p>
Probe for your chipset and enable just that one.
</p>

<pre>
# <i>emerge pciutils; lspci | grep AGP</i>
# <i>00:01.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corp. 440BX/ZX/DX - 82443BX/ZX/DX AGP bridge (rev 03)</i>
<codenote>Your output may not match the above due to different hardware.</codenote>
</pre>

<p>
Most, if not all, kernels should have these options. This was configured using 
gentoo-sources-2.4.20-r5.
</p>

<pre>
# <i>ls -l /usr/src/linux </i>
lrwxrwxrwx    1 root     root           22 May 29 18:20 /usr/src/linux -> linux-2.4.20-gentoo-r5
<codenote>Make sure <path>/usr/src/linux</path> links to your current kernel.</codenote>
# <i>cd /usr/src/linux</i>
# <i>make menuconfig</i>
</pre>

<pre>
Processor type and features ---&gt;
&lt;*&gt; MTRR (Memory Type Range Register) support
Character devices ---&gt;
&lt;*&gt; /dev/agpgart (AGP Support)
[M] Intel 440LX/BX/GX and I815/I820/I830M/I830MP/I840/I845/I850/I860 support
<codenote>Enable your chipset instead of the above.</codenote>
[ ] Direct Rendering Manager (XFree86 DRI support)
</pre>

<p>
Make sure the Direct Rendering Manager (DRM) is <e>off</e>. The XFree-DRM 
package will provide its own. The 2.4 kernel's version is for XFree 4.2.
</p>

</body>
</section>
<section>
<title>Compile and install your kernel</title>
<body>

<pre>
# <i>make dep &amp;&amp; make clean bzImage modules modules_install</i>
# <i>mount /boot</i>
# <i>cp arch/i386/boot/bzImage /boot</i>
</pre>

<p>
If you want your kernel to be named something other than bzImage, be sure to 
copy to /boot/yourname instead. Don't forget to set up grub.conf or lilo.conf 
and run /sbin/lilo if you use LILO.
</p>

</body>
</section>
</chapter>

<chapter>
<title>Install XFree-DRM and configure direct rendering</title>
<section>
<title>Install XFree-DRM</title>
<body>

<pre>
# <i>ACCEPT_KEYWORDS="~x86" emerge xfree-drm</i>
</pre>

</body>
</section>
<section>
<title>Configure XF86Config</title>
<body>

<p>
Open <path>/etc/X11/XF86Config</path> with your favorite text editor and edit 
it to enable DRI and GLX.
</p>

<pre>
...
Section "Module"
  Load "dri"
  Load "glx"
  ...
EndSection
...
Section "Device"
  Driver "radeon"
  ...
EndSection
...
Section "dri"
  Mode 0666
EndSection
</pre>

<p>
If you are using a different driver, replace "radeon" with yours.
</p>

</body>
</section>
</chapter>

<chapter>
<title>Test 3D acceleration</title>
<section>
<title>Reboot to the new kernel</title>
<body>

<p>
Reboot your computer to your new kernel. It's time to see if you have direct 
rendering and how good it is.
</p>

<pre>
# <i>startx</i>
<codenote>No need to load modules for your driver or agpgart, if you compiled agpgart as a module.</codenote>
<codenote>They will be loaded automatically.</codenote>
# <i>glxinfo | grep rendering</i>
direct rendering: Yes
<codenote>If it says "No," you don't have 3D acceleration.</codenote>
# <i>glxgears</i>
<codenote>Test your frames per second (FPS) at the default size. The number should be significantly higher than before installing xfree-drm. Do this while the CPU is as idle as possible.</codenote>
</pre>

</body>
</section>
</chapter>

<chapter>
<title>Using the CVS sources</title>
<section>
<body>

<warn>
Don't do this if the package worked.
</warn>

<note>
By their nature, CVS sources are always changing.  Your configuration may not 
look exactly like the one below.
</note>

</body>
</section>
<section>
<title>Do you need the CVS?</title>
<body>

<p>
First you have to check whether the xfree-drm package works. If it doesn't and 
you have checked your logs to verify it's not a configuration error, you might 
want to consider the CVS sources. There are also daily driver snapshots 
available if you do not wish to build the full CVS.
</p>

</body>
</section>
<section>
<title>Do the CVS sources support your card?</title>
<body>

<p>
Check the DRI <uri link="http://dri.sourceforge.net/dri_status.phtml">supported 
cards list</uri> to see if the CVS supports your card. Even if it doesn't, but 
it supports a similar card, try it.
</p>

<warn>
"Linux 2.4 doesn't support agp 8x, so I had to go find a backport. The backport 
works .... it doesn't patch quite properly, and it requires 2.4.21 (I've only 
gotten it to work with vanilla, straight from the tarball (not ebuild)). First 
go get the 2.4.20-2.4.21 patch from kernel.org .... (then get the patch,) It 
was on a mailing list somewhere. It doesn't patch cleanly -- one file fails, 
the pci_ids.h file, but if you actually read the file and the reject list, it's
very easy to fix. But it does load, and it gives me 1600x1200 with video 
(although a bit slow b/c of lack of dga) with xfree-drm." (SanityInAnarchy on 
#gentoo)
</warn>

<impo>
The patch is a little tricky to work with but <uri 
link="http://www.ussg.iu.edu/hypermail/linux/kernel/0302.2/att-1618/01-agp3.diff.bz2">here's 
the link</uri>. If you can disable 8X AGP in your BIOS, change it to 4X and you 
may not need the patch.
</impo>

</body>
</section>
<section>
<title>Install the CVS sources</title>
<body>

<p>
Follow this guide through "Compile and install your kernel." Then continue with
this guide, which tracks step 6 of the <uri 
link="http://dri.sourceforge.net/doc/DRIcompile.html">DRI compilation 
guide</uri> and follows it through step 8.3.
</p>

</body>
</section>
<section>
<title>Anonymous CVS download</title>
<body>

<p>
Create a directory to store the CVS files:
</p>

<pre>
# <i>cd ~</i>
# <i>mkdir DRI-CVS</i>
</pre>

<p>
Check out the CVS sources:
</p>

<pre>
# <i>cd ~/DRI-CVS</i>
# <i>cvs -d:pserver:anonymous@cvs.dri.sourceforge.net:/cvsroot/dri login</i>
<codenote>(hit ENTER when prompted for a password)</codenote>
# <i>cvs -z3 -d:pserver:anonymous@cvs.dri.sourceforge.net:/cvsroot/dri co xc</i>
<codenote>The -z3 flag causes compression to be used to reduce the download time.</codenote>
</pre>

</body>
</section>
<section>
<title>Updating your CVS sources</title>
<body>

<p>
In the future you'll want to occasionally update your local copy of the DRI 
source code to get the latest changes. This can be done with:
</p>

<pre>
# <i>cd ~/DRI-CVS</i>
# <i>cvs -z3 update -dA xc</i>
<codenote>The -d flag causes any new subdirectories to be created.</codenote>
<codenote>The -A flag causes most recent trunk sources to be fetched, not branch sources.</codenote>
</pre>

</body>
</section>
<section>
<title>Make a build tree</title>
<body>

<p>
Rather than placing object files and library files right in the source tree, 
they're instead put into a parallel <e>build</e> tree. The build tree is made 
with the <c>lndir</c> command:
</p>

<pre>
# <i>cd ~/DRI-CVS</i>
# <i>ln -s xc XFree40</i>
# <i>mkdir build; cd build</i>
# <i>lndir -silent -ignorelinks ../XFree40</i>
</pre>

<p>
The build tree will be populated with symbolic links which point back into the 
CVS source tree. Advanced users may have several build trees for compiling and 
testing with different options.
</p>

</body>
</section>
<section>
<title>Edit the host.def file</title>
<body>

<p>
The <path>~/DRI-CVS/build/xc/config/cf/host.def</path> file is used to 
configure the XFree86 build process. You can change it to customize your build 
options or make adjustments for your particular system configuration. The 
default host.def file will look something like this:
</p>

<pre>
#define DefaultCCOptions -Wall
<codenote>For i386:</codenote>
#define DefaultGcc2i386Opt -O2
<codenote>For Alpha:</codenote>
#define DefaultGcc2AxpOpt -O2 -mcpu=ev6 (or similar)
<codenote>For all architectures</codenote>
#define LibraryCDebugFlags -O2
#define BuildServersOnly YES
#define XF86CardDrivers vga tdfx mga ati i810
#define LinuxDistribution LinuxRedHat
#define DefaultCCOptions -ansi GccWarningOptions -pipe
#define BuildXF86DRI YES
/* Optionally turn these on for debugging */
/* #define GlxBuiltInTdfx YES */
/* #define GlxBuiltInMga YES */
/* #define GlxBuiltInR128 YES */
/* #define GlxBuiltInRadeon YES */
/* #define DoLoadableServer NO */
#define SharedLibFont NO
</pre>

<pre>
<codenote>Note the XF86CardDrivers line to be sure your card's driver is listed.</codenote>
<codenote>If you want to enable 3DNow! optimizations in Mesa and the DRI drivers, you should add the following:</codenote>
#define MesaUse3DNow YES
<codenote>You don't have to be using an AMD processor to enable this option.</codenote>
<codenote>The DRI will look for 3DNow! support at runtime and only enable it if applicable.</codenote>
</pre>

<p>
If you want to enable SSE optimizations in Mesa and the DRI drivers, you must 
upgrade to a Linux 2.4.x kernel. Mesa will verify that SSE is supported by both
your processor and your operating system, but to build Mesa inside the DRI you 
need to have the Linux 2.4.x kernel headers in <path>/usr/src/linux</path>. If 
you enable SSE optimizations with an earlier version of the Linux kernel in 
<path>/usr/src/linux</path>, Mesa will not compile. You have been warned. If
you do have a 2.4.x kernel, you should add the following:
</p>

<pre>
#define MesaUseKatmai YES
</pre>

</body>
</section>
<section>
<title>Compile the XFree86/DRI tree</title>
<body>

<p>
To compile the complete DRI tree:
</p>

<pre>
# <i>cd ~/DRI-CVS/build/xc/</i>
# <i>make World &gt;&amp; world.log</i>
</pre>

<p>
It may also be necessary to do the following, depending on what you placed in 
host.def:
</p>

<pre>
# <i>cd ~/DRI-CVS/build/xc/programs/Xserver/hw/xfree86/os-support/linux/drm/kernel</i>
# <i>make -f Makefile.linux radeon.o</i>
<codenote>Replace radeon with your driver.</codenote>
</pre>

<p>
With the default compilation flags it's normal to get a lot of warnings during 
compilation. Building will take some time so you may want to go check your 
email or visit slashdot.
</p>

<warn>
Do not use the -j option with make (i.e., do not use distcc). It's reported that
it does not work with XFree86/DRI.
</warn>

<p>
Using your text editor, examine world.log for errors by searching for the 
pattern ***.
</p>

</body>
</section>
<section>
<title>Install the CVS</title>
<body>

<p>
Verify that the DRI kernel module(s) for your system were built:
</p>

<pre>
# <i>cd ~/DRI-CVS/build/xc/programs/Xserver/hw/xfree86/os-support/linux/drm/kernel; ls</i>
</pre>

<p>
For the 3dfx Voodoo, you should see <path>tdfx.o</path>. For the Matrox 
G200/G400, you should see <path>mga.o</path>. For the ATI Rage 128, you should 
see <path>r128.o</path>. For the ATI Radeon, you should see 
<path>radeon.o</path>. For the Intel i810, you should see <path>i810.o</path>. 
If the DRI kernel module(s) failed to build, you should verify that you're 
using the right version of the Linux kernel. The most recent kernels are not 
always supported.
</p>

<p>
Install over your XFree86 installation. You may wish to back up xfree.
</p>

<pre>
# <i>quickpkg xfree</i>
<codenote>This backs up your XFree86 package.</codenote>
# <i>make install</i>
</pre>

<p>
Follow the "Configure XF86Config" section above.
</p>

<p>
To load the appropriate DRM module in your running kernel, copy the kernel 
module to <path>/lib/modules/`uname -r`/kernel/drivers/char/drm/</path> then 
run <c>modules-update</c> and restart your X server. If you're not running the 
kernel you'll be using it in, instead of <c>`uname -r`,</c> use that kernel's 
name.
</p>

<warn>
Make sure you first unload any older DRI kernel modules that might be already 
loaded. Note that some DRM modules require that the agpgart module be loaded 
first.
</warn>

</body>
</section>
</chapter>

<chapter>
<title>Tweak your performance</title>
<section>
<title>Get the most out of direct rendering</title>
<body>

<p>
A few options may increase performance by up to 30 percent (or more) over the 
default. Set them in <path>/etc/X11/XF86Config</path>.
</p>

<pre>
Section "Device"
  Option     "AGPMode" "4"
  <codenote>This increased FPS from 609 to 618.</codenote>
  Option     "AGPFastWrite" "True"
  <codenote>This had no measurable effect, but it may increase instability of your computer.</codenote>
  <codenote>You may also need to set it in your BIOS.</codenote>
  Option     "EnablePageFlip" "True"
  <codenote>This improved FPS from 618 to 702. It also is "risky" but few people have reported problems.</codenote>
  ...
EndSection
</pre>

<p>
If you want to set even more features, check out the <uri 
link="http://dri.sourceforge.net/doc/dri_driver_features.phtml">features 
listing</uri> on the DRI Web site.
</p>

</body>
</section>
</chapter>

<chapter>
<title>Troubleshooting</title>
<section>
<title>It doesn't work. I just recompiled my kernel or switched to a new one.</title>
<body>

<p>
Whenever you rebuild your kernel or switch to another kernel, you'll have to 
rebuild the kernel module.  Note that you don't need to remerge xfree, but you 
will need to remerge xfree-drm.
</p>

</body>
</section>

<section>
<title>It doesn't work. I don't have rendering, and I can't tell why.</title>
<body>

<p>
Try <c>insmod radeon</c> before you start the X server. Also, try building 
agpgart into the kernel instead of as a module.
</p>

</body>
</section>
<section>
<title>When I <c>startx</c>, I get this error: "[drm] failed to load kernel module agpgart"</title>
<body>

<p>
That's because you compiled agpgart into the kernel instead of as a module. 
Ignore it unless you're having problems.
</p>

</body>
</section>
<section>
<title>Direct rendering doesn't work, and in <path>/var/log/XFree86.0.log</path> I have an error about driver version too low.</title>
<body>

<p>
You aren't using the xfree-drm driver. Check if you compiled DRM and the driver 
into the kernel; you shouldn't have.
</p>

</body>
</section>
<section>
<title>I have a Radeon, and I want TV-Out.</title>
<body>

<p>
Check out ati-gatos drivers. <c>emerge -s gatos</c>.
</p>

</body>
</section>
<section>
<title>It doesn't work. My card is so incredibly new and cool that it isn't supported at all.</title>
<body>

<p>
Try out the binary drivers. For ati-drivers, a listing is at 
<uri>http://www.schneider-digital.de/html/download_ati.html</uri>. If those 
don't support it, use fbdev. It's slow, but it works.
</p>

</body>
</section>
<section>
<title>I have a PCI card and it doesn't work.  Help!</title>
<body>

<p>
In section "Device" enable ForcePCIMode. 
</p>

<pre>
Option "ForcePCIMode" "True"
</pre>

</body>
</section>
</chapter>

<chapter>
<title>Acknowledgments</title>
<section>
<body>

<ol>
  <li>
    Christopher Webber for suggesting a troubleshooting question about changing 
    or recompiling kernels
  </li>
  <li>
    Steve, for suggesting consistency between the cases of dri and DRI in 
    XF86Config
  </li>
</ol>

</body>
</section>
</chapter>

<chapter>
<title>References</title>
<section>
<body>

<ol>
  <li>http://forums.gentoo.org/viewtopic.php?t=46681</li>
  <li>http://forums.gentoo.org/viewtopic.php?t=29264</li>
  <li>http://dri.sourceforge.net/</li>
  <li>http://www.retinalburn.net/linux/dri_status.html</li>
</ol>

</body>
</section>
</chapter>
</guide>
1	<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
2	<!-- $Header: /home/cvsroot/gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en/dri-howto.xml,v 1.7 2003/12/20 19:55:17 swift Exp $ -->
3	<!DOCTYPE guide SYSTEM "/dtd/guide.dtd">
4
5	<guide link="/doc/en/dri-howto.xml">
6	<title>Hardware 3D Acceleration Guide</title>
7	<author title="Author">
8	<mail link="spyderous@gentoo.org">Donnie Berkholz</mail>
9	</author>
10	<author title="Editor">
11	<mail link="peesh@gentoo.org">Jorge Paulo</mail>
12	</author>
13
14	<license/>
15
16	<abstract>
17	This document is a guide to getting 3D acceleration working using XFree-DRM
18	with XFree86 in Gentoo Linux.
19	</abstract>
20
21	<version>1.0.1</version>
22	<date>December 19 2003</date>
23
24	<chapter>
25	<title>Introduction</title>
26	<section>
27	<title>What is hardware 3D acceleration and why do I want it?</title>
28	<body>
29
30	<p>
31	With hardware 3D acceleration, three-dimensional rendering uses the graphics
32	processor on your video card instead of taking up valuable CPU resources
33	drawing 3D images. It's also referred to as "hardware acceleration" instead of
34	"software acceleration" because without this 3D acceleration your CPU is forced
35	to draw everything itself using the Mesa software rendering libraries, which
36	takes up quite a bit of processing power. While XFree86 typically supports 2D
37	hardware acceleration, it often lacks hardware 3D acceleration.
38	Three-dimensional hardware acceleration is valuable in situations requiring
39	rendering of 3D objects such as games, 3D CAD and modeling.
40	</p>
41
42	</body>
43	</section>
44	<section>
45	<title>How do I get hardware 3D acceleration?</title>
46	<body>
47
48	<p>
49	In many cases, both binary and open-source drivers exist. Open-source drivers
50	are preferable since we're using Linux and open source is one of its underlying
51	principles. Sometimes, binary drivers are the only option, like with nVidia's
52	cards. Binary drivers include media-video/nvidia-kernel and
53	media-video/nvidia-glx for nVidia cards, media-video/mgavideo for Matrox cards
54	and media-video/ati-drivers for ATI cards. Other open-source drivers include
55	media-video/kyro-kernel for KyroII cards and media-video/ati-gatos for ATI
56	cards, which aim to support ATI's video capabilities more fully.
57	</p>
58
59	</body>
60	</section>
61	<section>
62	<title>What is DRI?</title>
63	<body>
64
65	<p>
66	The Direct Rendering Infrastructure (<uri
67	link="http://dri.sourceforge.net">dri.sourceforge.net</uri>), also known as the
68	DRI, is a framework for allowing direct access to graphics hardware in a safe
69	and efficient manner. It includes changes to the X server, to several client
70	libraries and to the kernel. The first major use for the DRI is to create fast
71	OpenGL implementations.
72	</p>
73
74	</body>
75	</section>
76	<section>
77	<title>What is XFree-DRM and how does it relate to regular XFree86?</title>
78	<body>
79
80	<p>
81	XFree-DRM is an <e>enhancement</e> to XFree86 that adds 3D acceleration for
82	cards by adding the kernel module necessary for direct rendering.
83	</p>
84
85	</body>
86	</section>
87	<section>
88	<title>Purpose</title>
89	<body>
90
91	<p>
92	This guide is for people who can't get direct rendering working with just
93	XFree. XFree-DRM works for 3dfx, gamma, i8x0, matrox, rage128, radeon, mach64
94	(as of xfree-drm-4.3.0-r7) and sis300 series drivers. Since the 2.4 kernels'
95	Direct Rendering Manager (DRM) doesn't support XFree 4.3, the xfree-drm package
96	is needed. If you're using a 2.6 kernel, its DRM supports XFree 4.3; Gentoo's
97	XFree-DRM package is not yet working on 2.6 kernels. See the <uri
98	link="http://dri.sourceforge.net">DRI homepage</uri> for more info and
99	documentation.
100	</p>
101
102	</body>
103	</section>
104	<section>
105	<title>Feedback</title>
106	<body>
107
108	<p>
109	With suggestions, questions, etc., e-mail <mail
110	link="spyderous@gentoo.org">Donnie Berkholz</mail>.
111	</p>
112
113	</body>
114	</section>
115	</chapter>
116
117	<chapter>
118	<title>Install XFree86 and configure your kernel</title>
119	<section>
120	<title>Install XFree86</title>
121	<body>
122
123	<pre>
124	# <i>emerge x11-base/xfree</i>
125	</pre>
126
127	</body>
128	</section>
129	<section>
130	<title>Configure your kernel</title>
131	<body>
132
133	<p>
134	Probe for your chipset and enable just that one.
135	</p>
136
137	<pre>
138	# <i>emerge pciutils; lspci \| grep AGP</i>
139	# <i>00:01.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corp. 440BX/ZX/DX - 82443BX/ZX/DX AGP bridge (rev 03)</i>
140	<codenote>Your output may not match the above due to different hardware.</codenote>
141	</pre>
142
143	<p>
144	Most, if not all, kernels should have these options. This was configured using
145	gentoo-sources-2.4.20-r5.
146	</p>
147
148	<pre>
149	# <i>ls -l /usr/src/linux </i>
150	lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 22 May 29 18:20 /usr/src/linux -> linux-2.4.20-gentoo-r5
151	<codenote>Make sure <path>/usr/src/linux</path> links to your current kernel.</codenote>
152	# <i>cd /usr/src/linux</i>
153	# <i>make menuconfig</i>
154	</pre>
155
156	<pre>
157	Processor type and features --->
158	<*> MTRR (Memory Type Range Register) support
159	Character devices --->
160	<*> /dev/agpgart (AGP Support)
161	[M] Intel 440LX/BX/GX and I815/I820/I830M/I830MP/I840/I845/I850/I860 support
162	<codenote>Enable your chipset instead of the above.</codenote>
163	[ ] Direct Rendering Manager (XFree86 DRI support)
164	</pre>
165
166	<p>
167	Make sure the Direct Rendering Manager (DRM) is <e>off</e>. The XFree-DRM
168	package will provide its own. The 2.4 kernel's version is for XFree 4.2.
169	</p>
170
171	</body>
172	</section>
173	<section>
174	<title>Compile and install your kernel</title>
175	<body>
176
177	<pre>
178	# <i>make dep && make clean bzImage modules modules_install</i>
179	# <i>mount /boot</i>
180	# <i>cp arch/i386/boot/bzImage /boot</i>
181	</pre>
182
183	<p>
184	If you want your kernel to be named something other than bzImage, be sure to
185	copy to /boot/yourname instead. Don't forget to set up grub.conf or lilo.conf
186	and run /sbin/lilo if you use LILO.
187	</p>
188
189	</body>
190	</section>
191	</chapter>
192
193	<chapter>
194	<title>Install XFree-DRM and configure direct rendering</title>
195	<section>
196	<title>Install XFree-DRM</title>
197	<body>
198
199	<pre>
200	# <i>ACCEPT_KEYWORDS="~x86" emerge xfree-drm</i>
201	</pre>
202
203	</body>
204	</section>
205	<section>
206	<title>Configure XF86Config</title>
207	<body>
208
209	<p>
210	Open <path>/etc/X11/XF86Config</path> with your favorite text editor and edit
211	it to enable DRI and GLX.
212	</p>
213
214	<pre>
215	...
216	Section "Module"
217	Load "dri"
218	Load "glx"
219	...
220	EndSection
221	...
222	Section "Device"
223	Driver "radeon"
224	...
225	EndSection
226	...
227	Section "dri"
228	Mode 0666
229	EndSection
230	</pre>
231
232	<p>
233	If you are using a different driver, replace "radeon" with yours.
234	</p>
235
236	</body>
237	</section>
238	</chapter>
239
240	<chapter>
241	<title>Test 3D acceleration</title>
242	<section>
243	<title>Reboot to the new kernel</title>
244	<body>
245
246	<p>
247	Reboot your computer to your new kernel. It's time to see if you have direct
248	rendering and how good it is.
249	</p>
250
251	<pre>
252	# <i>startx</i>
253	<codenote>No need to load modules for your driver or agpgart, if you compiled agpgart as a module.</codenote>
254	<codenote>They will be loaded automatically.</codenote>
255	# <i>glxinfo \| grep rendering</i>
256	direct rendering: Yes
257	<codenote>If it says "No," you don't have 3D acceleration.</codenote>
258	# <i>glxgears</i>
259	<codenote>Test your frames per second (FPS) at the default size. The number should be significantly higher than before installing xfree-drm. Do this while the CPU is as idle as possible.</codenote>
260	</pre>
261
262	</body>
263	</section>
264	</chapter>
265
266	<chapter>
267	<title>Using the CVS sources</title>
268	<section>
269	<body>
270
271	<warn>
272	Don't do this if the package worked.
273	</warn>
274
275	<note>
276	By their nature, CVS sources are always changing. Your configuration may not
277	look exactly like the one below.
278	</note>
279
280	</body>
281	</section>
282	<section>
283	<title>Do you need the CVS?</title>
284	<body>
285
286	<p>
287	First you have to check whether the xfree-drm package works. If it doesn't and
288	you have checked your logs to verify it's not a configuration error, you might
289	want to consider the CVS sources. There are also daily driver snapshots
290	available if you do not wish to build the full CVS.
291	</p>
292
293	</body>
294	</section>
295	<section>
296	<title>Do the CVS sources support your card?</title>
297	<body>
298
299	<p>
300	Check the DRI <uri link="http://dri.sourceforge.net/dri_status.phtml">supported
301	cards list</uri> to see if the CVS supports your card. Even if it doesn't, but
302	it supports a similar card, try it.
303	</p>
304
305	<warn>
306	"Linux 2.4 doesn't support agp 8x, so I had to go find a backport. The backport
307	works .... it doesn't patch quite properly, and it requires 2.4.21 (I've only
308	gotten it to work with vanilla, straight from the tarball (not ebuild)). First
309	go get the 2.4.20-2.4.21 patch from kernel.org .... (then get the patch,) It
310	was on a mailing list somewhere. It doesn't patch cleanly -- one file fails,
311	the pci_ids.h file, but if you actually read the file and the reject list, it's
312	very easy to fix. But it does load, and it gives me 1600x1200 with video
313	(although a bit slow b/c of lack of dga) with xfree-drm." (SanityInAnarchy on
314	#gentoo)
315	</warn>
316
317	<impo>
318	The patch is a little tricky to work with but <uri
319	link="http://www.ussg.iu.edu/hypermail/linux/kernel/0302.2/att-1618/01-agp3.diff.bz2">here's
320	the link</uri>. If you can disable 8X AGP in your BIOS, change it to 4X and you
321	may not need the patch.
322	</impo>
323
324	</body>
325	</section>
326	<section>
327	<title>Install the CVS sources</title>
328	<body>
329
330	<p>
331	Follow this guide through "Compile and install your kernel." Then continue with
332	this guide, which tracks step 6 of the <uri
333	link="http://dri.sourceforge.net/doc/DRIcompile.html">DRI compilation
334	guide</uri> and follows it through step 8.3.
335	</p>
336
337	</body>
338	</section>
339	<section>
340	<title>Anonymous CVS download</title>
341	<body>
342
343	<p>
344	Create a directory to store the CVS files:
345	</p>
346
347	<pre>
348	# <i>cd ~</i>
349	# <i>mkdir DRI-CVS</i>
350	</pre>
351
352	<p>
353	Check out the CVS sources:
354	</p>
355
356	<pre>
357	# <i>cd ~/DRI-CVS</i>
358	# <i>cvs -d:pserver:anonymous@cvs.dri.sourceforge.net:/cvsroot/dri login</i>
359	<codenote>(hit ENTER when prompted for a password)</codenote>
360	# <i>cvs -z3 -d:pserver:anonymous@cvs.dri.sourceforge.net:/cvsroot/dri co xc</i>
361	<codenote>The -z3 flag causes compression to be used to reduce the download time.</codenote>
362	</pre>
363
364	</body>
365	</section>
366	<section>
367	<title>Updating your CVS sources</title>
368	<body>
369
370	<p>
371	In the future you'll want to occasionally update your local copy of the DRI
372	source code to get the latest changes. This can be done with:
373	</p>
374
375	<pre>
376	# <i>cd ~/DRI-CVS</i>
377	# <i>cvs -z3 update -dA xc</i>
378	<codenote>The -d flag causes any new subdirectories to be created.</codenote>
379	<codenote>The -A flag causes most recent trunk sources to be fetched, not branch sources.</codenote>
380	</pre>
381
382	</body>
383	</section>
384	<section>
385	<title>Make a build tree</title>
386	<body>
387
388	<p>
389	Rather than placing object files and library files right in the source tree,
390	they're instead put into a parallel <e>build</e> tree. The build tree is made
391	with the <c>lndir</c> command:
392	</p>
393
394	<pre>
395	# <i>cd ~/DRI-CVS</i>
396	# <i>ln -s xc XFree40</i>
397	# <i>mkdir build; cd build</i>
398	# <i>lndir -silent -ignorelinks ../XFree40</i>
399	</pre>
400
401	<p>
402	The build tree will be populated with symbolic links which point back into the
403	CVS source tree. Advanced users may have several build trees for compiling and
404	testing with different options.
405	</p>
406
407	</body>
408	</section>
409	<section>
410	<title>Edit the host.def file</title>
411	<body>
412
413	<p>
414	The <path>~/DRI-CVS/build/xc/config/cf/host.def</path> file is used to
415	configure the XFree86 build process. You can change it to customize your build
416	options or make adjustments for your particular system configuration. The
417	default host.def file will look something like this:
418	</p>
419
420	<pre>
421	#define DefaultCCOptions -Wall
422	<codenote>For i386:</codenote>
423	#define DefaultGcc2i386Opt -O2
424	<codenote>For Alpha:</codenote>
425	#define DefaultGcc2AxpOpt -O2 -mcpu=ev6 (or similar)
426	<codenote>For all architectures</codenote>
427	#define LibraryCDebugFlags -O2
428	#define BuildServersOnly YES
429	#define XF86CardDrivers vga tdfx mga ati i810
430	#define LinuxDistribution LinuxRedHat
431	#define DefaultCCOptions -ansi GccWarningOptions -pipe
432	#define BuildXF86DRI YES
433	/* Optionally turn these on for debugging */
434	/* #define GlxBuiltInTdfx YES */
435	/* #define GlxBuiltInMga YES */
436	/* #define GlxBuiltInR128 YES */
437	/* #define GlxBuiltInRadeon YES */
438	/* #define DoLoadableServer NO */
439	#define SharedLibFont NO
440	</pre>
441
442	<pre>
443	<codenote>Note the XF86CardDrivers line to be sure your card's driver is listed.</codenote>
444	<codenote>If you want to enable 3DNow! optimizations in Mesa and the DRI drivers, you should add the following:</codenote>
445	#define MesaUse3DNow YES
446	<codenote>You don't have to be using an AMD processor to enable this option.</codenote>
447	<codenote>The DRI will look for 3DNow! support at runtime and only enable it if applicable.</codenote>
448	</pre>
449
450	<p>
451	If you want to enable SSE optimizations in Mesa and the DRI drivers, you must
452	upgrade to a Linux 2.4.x kernel. Mesa will verify that SSE is supported by both
453	your processor and your operating system, but to build Mesa inside the DRI you
454	need to have the Linux 2.4.x kernel headers in <path>/usr/src/linux</path>. If
455	you enable SSE optimizations with an earlier version of the Linux kernel in
456	<path>/usr/src/linux</path>, Mesa will not compile. You have been warned. If
457	you do have a 2.4.x kernel, you should add the following:
458	</p>
459
460	<pre>
461	#define MesaUseKatmai YES
462	</pre>
463
464	</body>
465	</section>
466	<section>
467	<title>Compile the XFree86/DRI tree</title>
468	<body>
469
470	<p>
471	To compile the complete DRI tree:
472	</p>
473
474	<pre>
475	# <i>cd ~/DRI-CVS/build/xc/</i>
476	# <i>make World >& world.log</i>
477	</pre>
478
479	<p>
480	It may also be necessary to do the following, depending on what you placed in
481	host.def:
482	</p>
483
484	<pre>
485	# <i>cd ~/DRI-CVS/build/xc/programs/Xserver/hw/xfree86/os-support/linux/drm/kernel</i>
486	# <i>make -f Makefile.linux radeon.o</i>
487	<codenote>Replace radeon with your driver.</codenote>
488	</pre>
489
490	<p>
491	With the default compilation flags it's normal to get a lot of warnings during
492	compilation. Building will take some time so you may want to go check your
493	email or visit slashdot.
494	</p>
495
496	<warn>
497	Do not use the -j option with make (i.e., do not use distcc). It's reported that
498	it does not work with XFree86/DRI.
499	</warn>
500
501	<p>
502	Using your text editor, examine world.log for errors by searching for the
503	pattern ***.
504	</p>
505
506	</body>
507	</section>
508	<section>
509	<title>Install the CVS</title>
510	<body>
511
512	<p>
513	Verify that the DRI kernel module(s) for your system were built:
514	</p>
515
516	<pre>
517	# <i>cd ~/DRI-CVS/build/xc/programs/Xserver/hw/xfree86/os-support/linux/drm/kernel; ls</i>
518	</pre>
519
520	<p>
521	For the 3dfx Voodoo, you should see <path>tdfx.o</path>. For the Matrox
522	G200/G400, you should see <path>mga.o</path>. For the ATI Rage 128, you should
523	see <path>r128.o</path>. For the ATI Radeon, you should see
524	<path>radeon.o</path>. For the Intel i810, you should see <path>i810.o</path>.
525	If the DRI kernel module(s) failed to build, you should verify that you're
526	using the right version of the Linux kernel. The most recent kernels are not
527	always supported.
528	</p>
529
530	<p>
531	Install over your XFree86 installation. You may wish to back up xfree.
532	</p>
533
534	<pre>
535	# <i>quickpkg xfree</i>
536	<codenote>This backs up your XFree86 package.</codenote>
537	# <i>make install</i>
538	</pre>
539
540	<p>
541	Follow the "Configure XF86Config" section above.
542	</p>
543
544	<p>
545	To load the appropriate DRM module in your running kernel, copy the kernel
546	module to <path>/lib/modules/`uname -r`/kernel/drivers/char/drm/</path> then
547	run <c>modules-update</c> and restart your X server. If you're not running the
548	kernel you'll be using it in, instead of <c>`uname -r`,</c> use that kernel's
549	name.
550	</p>
551
552	<warn>
553	Make sure you first unload any older DRI kernel modules that might be already
554	loaded. Note that some DRM modules require that the agpgart module be loaded
555	first.
556	</warn>
557
558	</body>
559	</section>
560	</chapter>
561
562	<chapter>
563	<title>Tweak your performance</title>
564	<section>
565	<title>Get the most out of direct rendering</title>
566	<body>
567
568	<p>
569	A few options may increase performance by up to 30 percent (or more) over the
570	default. Set them in <path>/etc/X11/XF86Config</path>.
571	</p>
572
573	<pre>
574	Section "Device"
575	Option "AGPMode" "4"
576	<codenote>This increased FPS from 609 to 618.</codenote>
577	Option "AGPFastWrite" "True"
578	<codenote>This had no measurable effect, but it may increase instability of your computer.</codenote>
579	<codenote>You may also need to set it in your BIOS.</codenote>
580	Option "EnablePageFlip" "True"
581	<codenote>This improved FPS from 618 to 702. It also is "risky" but few people have reported problems.</codenote>
582	...
583	EndSection
584	</pre>
585
586	<p>
587	If you want to set even more features, check out the <uri
588	link="http://dri.sourceforge.net/doc/dri_driver_features.phtml">features
589	listing</uri> on the DRI Web site.
590	</p>
591
592	</body>
593	</section>
594	</chapter>
595
596	<chapter>
597	<title>Troubleshooting</title>
598	<section>
599	<title>It doesn't work. I just recompiled my kernel or switched to a new one.</title>
600	<body>
601
602	<p>
603	Whenever you rebuild your kernel or switch to another kernel, you'll have to
604	rebuild the kernel module. Note that you don't need to remerge xfree, but you
605	will need to remerge xfree-drm.
606	</p>
607
608	</body>
609	</section>
610
611	<section>
612	<title>It doesn't work. I don't have rendering, and I can't tell why.</title>
613	<body>
614
615	<p>
616	Try <c>insmod radeon</c> before you start the X server. Also, try building
617	agpgart into the kernel instead of as a module.
618	</p>
619
620	</body>
621	</section>
622	<section>
623	<title>When I <c>startx</c>, I get this error: "[drm] failed to load kernel module agpgart"</title>
624	<body>
625
626	<p>
627	That's because you compiled agpgart into the kernel instead of as a module.
628	Ignore it unless you're having problems.
629	</p>
630
631	</body>
632	</section>
633	<section>
634	<title>Direct rendering doesn't work, and in <path>/var/log/XFree86.0.log</path> I have an error about driver version too low.</title>
635	<body>
636
637	<p>
638	You aren't using the xfree-drm driver. Check if you compiled DRM and the driver
639	into the kernel; you shouldn't have.
640	</p>
641
642	</body>
643	</section>
644	<section>
645	<title>I have a Radeon, and I want TV-Out.</title>
646	<body>
647
648	<p>
649	Check out ati-gatos drivers. <c>emerge -s gatos</c>.
650	</p>
651
652	</body>
653	</section>
654	<section>
655	<title>It doesn't work. My card is so incredibly new and cool that it isn't supported at all.</title>
656	<body>
657
658	<p>
659	Try out the binary drivers. For ati-drivers, a listing is at
660	<uri>http://www.schneider-digital.de/html/download_ati.html</uri>. If those
661	don't support it, use fbdev. It's slow, but it works.
662	</p>
663
664	</body>
665	</section>
666	<section>
667	<title>I have a PCI card and it doesn't work. Help!</title>
668	<body>
669
670	<p>
671	In section "Device" enable ForcePCIMode.
672	</p>
673
674	<pre>
675	Option "ForcePCIMode" "True"
676	</pre>
677
678	</body>
679	</section>
680	</chapter>
681
682	<chapter>
683	<title>Acknowledgments</title>
684	<section>
685	<body>
686
687	<ol>
688	<li>
689	Christopher Webber for suggesting a troubleshooting question about changing
690	or recompiling kernels
691	</li>
692	<li>
693	Steve, for suggesting consistency between the cases of dri and DRI in
694	XF86Config
695	</li>
696	</ol>
697
698	</body>
699	</section>
700	</chapter>
701
702	<chapter>
703	<title>References</title>
704	<section>
705	<body>
706
707	<ol>
708	<li>http://forums.gentoo.org/viewtopic.php?t=46681</li>
709	<li>http://forums.gentoo.org/viewtopic.php?t=29264</li>
710	<li>http://dri.sourceforge.net/</li>
711	<li>http://www.retinalburn.net/linux/dri_status.html</li>
712	</ol>
713
714	</body>
715	</section>
716	</chapter>
717	</guide>