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<?xml version='1.0' encoding="UTF-8"?> |
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fox2mike |
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<!-- $Header: /var/cvsroot/gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en/gentoo-x86-quickinstall.xml,v 1.35 2005/05/23 17:01:12 swift Exp $ --> |
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<!DOCTYPE guide SYSTEM "/dtd/guide.dtd"> |
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neysx |
1.16 |
<guide link="/doc/en/gentoo-x86-quickinstall.xml"> |
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neysx |
1.31 |
<title>Gentoo Linux x86 Quick Install Guide</title> |
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swift |
1.1 |
<author title="Author">Steven Wagner</author> |
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<author title="Editor"> |
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<mail link="swift@gentoo.org">Sven Vermeulen</mail> |
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</author> |
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<abstract> |
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neysx |
1.31 |
The Quick install guide covers all details of the install process in a |
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swift |
1.1 |
non-verbose manner. Users should already have prior experience with |
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aaby |
1.7 |
installing Gentoo Linux if they want to follow this guide. |
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swift |
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</abstract> |
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1.1 |
<license/> |
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fox2mike |
1.36 |
<version>1.29</version> |
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<date>2005-06-12</date> |
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<chapter> |
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neysx |
1.31 |
<title>Quick Install Guide</title> |
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aaby |
1.7 |
<section> |
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swift |
1.1 |
<body> |
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<p> |
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neysx |
1.31 |
The installation ISOs are on the <uri link="/main/en/mirrors.xml">Gentoo |
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aaby |
1.7 |
Mirrors</uri>. Detailed descriptions of the different CDs are |
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available in the <uri link="http://store.gentoo.org">Gentoo |
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neysx |
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Store</uri>. A universal CD contains everything you need to install Gentoo Linux |
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quickly and without a connection to the Internet. A Package CD is optional and |
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aaby |
1.7 |
contains pre-compiled packages such as KDE, GNOME, OpenOffice, |
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Mozilla, Evolution and more. |
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swift |
1.1 |
</p> |
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<p> |
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neysx |
1.13 |
Boot from the Universal CD. Press <F1> and/or <F2> to |
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swift |
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see what boot options are available. Press <ENTER> at the bootscreen to |
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continue with the default kernel. You'll eventually receive a prompt. |
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</p> |
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<pre caption="Initial settings"> |
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# <i>date</i> (Make sure your time and date is correct. If wrong, set it with <i>date MMDDhhmmCCYY</i>) |
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# <i>modprobe module_name</i> <comment>(Optional - Load any necessary modules)</comment> |
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# <i>net-setup eth0</i> <comment>(Configure the network)</comment> |
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# <i>fdisk /dev/hda</i> <comment>(Partition your drive)</comment> |
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swift |
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</pre> |
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<p> |
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aaby |
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The recommended setup is a 64 meg boot volume with ext2, a swap partition |
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swift |
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twice the size of your available RAM, and the rest for your root partition |
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using ReiserFS. |
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</p> |
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<p> |
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Initialise your partitions using <c>mke2fs</c> (Ext2), <c>mke2fs |
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-j</c> (Ext3), <c>mkreiserfs</c> (ReiserFS), <c>mkfs.xfs</c> (XFS), |
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<c>mkfs.jfs</c> (JFS) and <c>mkswap</c> (swap partition). For instance: |
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<c>mke2fs -j /dev/hda3</c>. |
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</p> |
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<p> |
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Continue by mounting the partitions and extracting the appropriate stage |
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file. |
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</p> |
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<warn> |
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For ext3 partitions, you need to specify <c>mount -t ext3</c> explicitly. This |
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is due to a bug in the e2fsprogs package. |
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</warn> |
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<pre caption="Preparing the Installation"> |
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swift |
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(Activate the swap partition) # <i>swapon /dev/hdax</i> |
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(Mount the root partition) # <i>mount /dev/hdax /mnt/gentoo</i> |
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(Create the boot mountpoint) # <i>mkdir /mnt/gentoo/boot</i> |
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(Mount the boot partition) # <i>mount /dev/hdax /mnt/gentoo/boot</i> |
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(Go to the mountpoint) # <i>cd /mnt/gentoo</i> |
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(Extract a stage tarball...) # <i>tar -xvjpf /mnt/cdrom/stages/stage<your stage>.tar.bz2</i> |
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(<comment>or</comment> download the latest tarball...) |
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# <i>links http://www.gentoo.org/main/en/mirrors.xml</i> |
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( ... and extract) # <i>tar -xvjpf stage<your stage>.tar.bz2</i> |
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(Optional: unpack a portage tree)# <i>tar -xvjf /mnt/cdrom/snapshots/portage-*.tar.bz2 \ |
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-C /mnt/gentoo/usr</i> |
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(Optional: copy over distfiles) # <i>cd /mnt/gentoo/usr/portage; mkdir distfiles;</i> |
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# <i>cp /mnt/cdrom/distfiles/* distfiles/</i> |
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(Select a mirror) # <i>mirrorselect -a -s4 -o | grep 'GENTOO_MIRRORS=' \ |
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>> /mnt/gentoo/etc/make.conf</i> |
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(Copy over nameserver information) |
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# <i>cp -L /etc/resolv.conf /mnt/gentoo/etc/resolv.conf</i> |
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(Mount the proc filesystem) # <i>mount -t proc none /mnt/gentoo/proc</i> |
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(Chroot into the new environment)# <i>chroot /mnt/gentoo /bin/bash</i> |
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(Load the necessary variables) # <i>env-update; source /etc/profile</i> |
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(Network-only, non-GRP: update Portage) |
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cam |
1.22 |
# <i>emerge --sync</i> |
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</pre> |
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<p> |
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swift |
1.32 |
Now we go onto setting our profile and installing Gentoo. A profile is a |
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building block for any Gentoo system. Not only does it specify default values |
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for CHOST, CFLAGS and other important variables, it also locks the system to a |
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certain range of package versions. This is all maintained by the Gentoo |
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developers. |
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swift |
1.1 |
</p> |
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<pre caption = "Installing Gentoo"> |
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swift |
1.32 |
(Verify current profile) # <i>ls -l /etc/make.profile</i> |
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(Change ONLY IF REQUIRED or if you want a 2.4 kernel) |
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# <i>ln -snf /usr/portage/profiles/default-linux/x86/2005.0/2.4 /etc/make.profile</i> |
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1.21 |
(Change USE, CFLAGS and CXXFLAGS. Stage1 can also change CHOST) |
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# <i>nano -w /etc/make.conf</i> |
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(Stage1 only: bootstrap system) # <i>cd /usr/portage; scripts/bootstrap.sh</i> |
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swift |
1.32 |
(Stage1, Stage2 only: install base system. Use --emptytree if you modified USE flags. Else --newuse will do. |
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One of these options is a must. ) |
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# <i>emerge --emptytree system</i> <comment>OR</comment> <i>emerge --newuse system</i> |
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swift |
1.1 |
</pre> |
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<p> |
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Next we set up the necessary information: |
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</p> |
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<pre caption = "Setting up Configuration Files"> |
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swift |
1.21 |
(Set timezone information) # <i>ln -sf /usr/share/zoneinfo/<comment><path to time zone file></comment> /etc/localtime</i> |
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(Edit fstab file) # <i>nano -w /etc/fstab</i> |
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swift |
1.1 |
</pre> |
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<p> |
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Use the following as a <e>template</e> (don't copy verbatim) for |
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<path>/etc/fstab</path>: |
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</p> |
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<pre caption="/etc/fstab"> |
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swift |
1.21 |
# <fs> <mountpoint> <type> <opts> <dump/pass> |
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swift |
1.26 |
/dev/hdax /boot ext2 defaults,noatime 1 2 |
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swift |
1.21 |
/dev/hdax none swap sw 0 0 |
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/dev/hdax / reiserfs noatime 0 1 |
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/dev/cdroms/cdrom0 /mnt/cdrom auto noauto,user 0 0 |
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none /proc proc defaults 0 0 |
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vapier |
1.24 |
none /dev/shm tmpfs nodev,nosuid,noexec 0 0 |
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swift |
1.1 |
</pre> |
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<p> |
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Continue by installing the Linux kernel: |
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</p> |
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<pre caption="Installing the Kernel"> |
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(Install the kernel sources) # <i>emerge <comment><kernel-package-here></comment></i> |
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(Configure your kernel using genkernel...) |
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swift |
1.35 |
# <i>emerge genkernel; genkernel --udev --menuconfig all</i> |
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swift |
1.21 |
(<comment>or</comment> (1) manually build your kernel) |
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# <i>cd /usr/src/linux; make menuconfig;</i> |
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swift |
1.32 |
( (2) Include VM fs, /proc fs) |
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swift |
1.23 |
( (3) Compile your kernel) |
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swift |
1.32 |
(for a 2.6 kernel) # <i>make && make modules_install</i> |
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swift |
1.23 |
(for a 2.4 kernel) # <i>make dep && make clean bzImage modules modules_install</i> |
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1.21 |
( (4) Copy over the kernel) # <i>cp arch/i386/boot/bzImage /boot; cp System.map /boot</i> |
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1.1 |
</pre> |
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<p> |
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Now install other tools you might want: |
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</p> |
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<pre caption = "Install important system tools"> |
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(Install system logger; choice: sysklogd, metalog, msyslog, syslog-ng) |
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# <i>emerge syslog-ng </i> |
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(Have the systemlogger automatically started at boot) |
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# <i>rc-update add syslog-ng default</i> |
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(Install cron daemon; choice: vixie-cron, dcron, fcron) |
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# <i>emerge vixie-cron</i> |
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(Have the cron daemon automatically started at boot) |
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# <i>rc-update add vixie-cron default</i> |
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swift |
1.34 |
(genkernel users only: install *plug) # <i>emerge coldplug hotplug</i> |
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swift |
1.33 |
(genkernel users only: have coldplug automatically started at boot) |
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# <i>rc-update add coldplug boot</i> |
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1.21 |
(Non-ext2,ext3 users only; choice: reiserfsprogs, xfsprogs, jfsutils) |
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# <i>emerge reiserfsprogs</i> |
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1.25 |
(Optional: install DHCP client) # <i>emerge dhcpcd</i> |
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1.21 |
(Domain name init script) # <i>rc-update add domainname default</i> |
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1.1 |
</pre> |
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<p> |
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If you need specialised kernel ebuilds, now is a good time to install them: |
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</p> |
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<pre caption = "Install Specialised Kernel Ebuilds"> |
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swift |
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# <i>emerge pcmcia-cs</i> (or <i>nforce-net</i>, <i>nforce-audio</i>, <i>e100</i>, <i>e1000</i>, <i>ati-drivers</i>, <i>rp-pppoe</i>) |
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swift |
1.26 |
# <i>VIDEO_CARDS="yourcard" emerge x11-drm</i> (for ATI Radeon up to 9200, Rage128, |
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swift |
1.21 |
Matrox, Voodoo and other cards) |
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swift |
1.1 |
</pre> |
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<p> |
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Finalise the settings for your Gentoo system: |
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</p> |
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<pre caption = "Finalise the Configuration Settings"> |
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1.21 |
(Set root password) # <i>passwd</i> |
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(Create a user) # <i>useradd your_user -m -G users,wheel,audio -s /bin/bash</i> |
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(Set password for that user) # <i>passwd your_user</i> |
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(Set the system hostname) # <i>echo mymachine > /etc/hostname</i> |
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(Set the system domainname) # <i>echo mydomain.com > /etc/dnsdomainname</i> |
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(Set the hostsfile, ex:"127.0.0.1 localhost mymachine") |
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# <i>nano -w /etc/hosts</i> |
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(Configure basic system settings; follow comments) |
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# <i>nano -w /etc/rc.conf</i> |
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1.1 |
</pre> |
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<pre caption = "Set up Networking"> |
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1.21 |
(Setup networking; dhcp-users should set iface_eth0="dhcp") |
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# <i>nano -w /etc/conf.d/net</i> |
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(List modules to be loaded at startup) |
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# <i>nano -w /etc/modules.autoload.d/kernel-<comment><version></comment></i> |
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(Non-PCMCIA only: start networking automatically at boot) |
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# <i>rc-update add net.eth0 default</i> |
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1.1 |
(Only if you have multiple network interfaces:) |
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1.21 |
(1) Create initscripts for each interface) |
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# <i>ln -s /etc/init.d/net.eth0 /etc/init.d/net.ethx</i> |
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(2) Automatically start at boot if no PCMCIA) |
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# <i>rc-update add net.ethx default</i> |
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(PCMCIA only: verify /etc/conf.d/pcmcia and load PCMCIA at boot) |
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1.28 |
# <i>rc-update add pcmcia default</i> |
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swift |
1.1 |
</pre> |
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<p> |
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swift |
1.9 |
Now install a bootloader. |
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1.1 |
</p> |
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swift |
1.9 |
<pre caption="Install and configure GRUB"> |
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# <i>emerge grub</i> |
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# <i>grub</i> |
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grub> <i>root (hd0,0)</i> |
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grub> <i>setup (hd0)</i> |
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grub> <i>quit</i> |
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# <i>nano -w /boot/grub/grub.conf</i> |
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default 0 |
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timeout 15 |
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splashimage=(hd0,0)/grub/splash.xpm.gz |
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title=Gentoo Linux |
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root (hd0,0) |
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<comment># genkernel users:</comment> |
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swift |
1.35 |
kernel /kernel-<comment><kernel version></comment> root=/dev/ram0 init=/linuxrc real_root=/dev/hda3 ramdisk=8192 udev |
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swift |
1.9 |
initrd /initrd-<comment><kernel version></comment> |
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<comment># non-genkernel users:</comment> |
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swift |
1.35 |
kernel /kernel-<comment><kernel version></comment> root=/dev/hda3 udev |
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swift |
1.9 |
</pre> |
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<pre caption="Install and configure LILO"> |
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# <i>emerge lilo</i> |
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# <i>nano -w /etc/lilo.conf</i> |
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boot=/dev/hda |
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prompt |
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swift |
1.11 |
timeout=50 |
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swift |
1.9 |
default=gentoo |
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image=/boot/kernel-<comment><kernel version></comment> |
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label=gentoo |
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read-only |
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<comment># genkernel users:</comment> |
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swift |
1.35 |
append="init=/linuxrc real_root=/dev/hda3 ramdisk=8192 udev" |
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swift |
1.9 |
root=/dev/ram0 |
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initrd=/boot/initrd-<comment><kernel version></comment> |
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<comment># non-genkernel users:</comment> |
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swift |
1.35 |
append="udev" |
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swift |
1.9 |
root=/dev/hda3 |
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# <i>/sbin/lilo</i> |
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swift |
1.1 |
</pre> |
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<p> |
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Now unmount all partitions and reboot into your new system: |
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</p> |
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<pre caption="Finishing off and installing GUI"> |
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fox2mike |
1.36 |
(Exiting the chroot) # <i>exit</i> |
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# <i>cd /</i> |
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swift |
1.21 |
(Unmounting partitions) # <i>umount /mnt/gentoo/boot /mnt/gentoo/proc /mnt/gentoo</i> |
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(Reboot; Remove the universal CD from the tray) |
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# <i>reboot</i> |
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swift |
1.1 |
(After booting:) |
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swift |
1.21 |
(ADSL-users only) # <i>adsl-setup</i> |
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swift |
1.9 |
(GRP-users only) |
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neysx |
1.31 |
(1) Mount Package CD # <i>mount /dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom</i> |
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(2) Copy over packages # <i>mkdir /usr/portage/packages</i> |
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swift |
1.21 |
# <i>cp -a /mnt/cdrom/* /usr/portage/packages/</i> |
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neysx |
1.31 |
(3) Install extra software # <i>USE="bindist" emerge -k xorg-x11 gnome kde mozilla openoffice-bin</i> |
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(4) Configure your Xserver # <i>/usr/X11R6/bin/xorgconfig</i> |
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swift |
1.1 |
</pre> |
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<p> |
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neysx |
1.31 |
You can get more information from the <uri link="/doc/en/index.xml">Gentoo |
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aaby |
1.7 |
Documentation</uri>. |
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</p> |
| 295 |
neysx |
1.31 |
|
| 296 |
aaby |
1.7 |
</body> |
| 297 |
|
|
</section> |
| 298 |
|
|
</chapter> |
| 299 |
swift |
1.1 |
</guide> |
Parent Directory
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