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<?xml version='1.0' encoding="UTF-8"?> |
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<!-- $Header: /var/cvsroot/gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en/gentoo-x86-quickinstall.xml,v 1.42 2005/07/30 14:56:57 swift Exp $ --> |
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|
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<!DOCTYPE guide SYSTEM "/dtd/guide.dtd"> |
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|
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<guide link="/doc/en/gentoo-x86-quickinstall.xml"> |
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<title>Gentoo Linux x86 Quick Install Guide</title> |
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|
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<author title="Author"> |
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<mail link="swift@gentoo.org">Sven Vermeulen</mail> |
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</author> |
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<author title="Author">Steven Wagner</author> |
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|
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<abstract> |
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The Quick install guide covers the Gentoo install process in a |
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non-verbose manner. Users should already have prior experience with |
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installing Gentoo Linux if they want to follow this guide. |
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</abstract> |
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|
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<license/> |
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|
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<version>2.4</version> |
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<date>2005-08-01</date> |
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|
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<chapter> |
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<title>Quick Install Guide</title> |
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<section> |
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<title>Installation Media</title> |
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<body> |
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|
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<p> |
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Download a CD from one of our <uri link="/main/en/mirrors.xml">mirrors</uri>. |
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You can find the ISOs in |
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<path>releases/<architecture>/<release>/installcd</path>. The |
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<e>minimal</e> installation cd is only useful for internet-based installations; |
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with the <e>universal</e> installation cd you can perform a networkless |
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installation as well. |
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</p> |
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|
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<p> |
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<uri link="/doc/en/faq.xml#isoburning">Burn</uri> the CD and boot it. Press |
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<c>F2</c> at the boot screen to find out what boot options exist. Once booted, |
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you need to start the <c>pcmcia</c> init script if you need PCMCIA support. |
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</p> |
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|
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<p> |
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The installation cds allow you to start an <c>sshd</c> server, add additional |
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users, run <c>irssi</c> (a command-line chat client) and surf the web using |
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<c>lynx</c> or <c>links2</c>. |
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</p> |
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|
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</body> |
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</section> |
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<section> |
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<title>Network Configuration</title> |
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<body> |
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|
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<p> |
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If your network does not work already, you can use <c>net-setup</c> to configure |
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your network. You might need to load support for your network card using |
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<c>modprobe</c> prior to the configuration. If you have ADSL, use |
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<c>adsl-setup</c> and <c>adsl-start</c>. For PPTP support, first edit |
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<path>/etc/ppp/chap-secrets</path> and <path>/etc/ppp/options.pptp</path> and |
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then use <c>pptp <server ip></c>. |
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</p> |
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|
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<p> |
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For wireless access, use <c>iwconfig</c> to set the wireless parameters and then |
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use eiter <c>net-setup</c> again or run <c>ifconfig</c>, <c>dhcpcd</c> and/or |
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<c>route</c> manually. |
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</p> |
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|
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<p> |
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If you are behind a proxy, do not forget to initialise your system using |
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<c>export http_proxy</c>, <c>ftp_proxy</c> and <c>RSYNC_PROXY</c>. |
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</p> |
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|
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</body> |
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</section> |
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<section> |
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<title>Preparing the Disks</title> |
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<body> |
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|
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<p> |
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Use <c>fdisk</c> or <c>cfdisk</c> to create your partition layout. You need at |
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least a swap partition (type 82) and one Linux partition (type 83). |
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</p> |
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|
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<p> |
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Use <c>mke2fs</c>, <c>mke2fs -j</c>, <c>mkreiserfs</c>, <c>mkfs.xfs</c> and |
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<c>mkfs.jfs</c> to create file systems on your Linux partitions. Initialise your |
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swap partition using <c>mkswap</c> and <c>swapon</c>. |
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</p> |
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|
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<p> |
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Mount the freshly created file systems on <path>/mnt/gentoo</path>. Create |
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directories for the other mount points (like <path>/mnt/gentoo/boot</path>) if |
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you need them. |
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</p> |
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|
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</body> |
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</section> |
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<section> |
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<title>Setting Up The Stage</title> |
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<body> |
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|
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<p> |
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First make sure your date is set correctly using <c>date MMDDhhmmYYYY</c>. Next, |
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download a stage from one of our <uri link="/main/en/mirrors.xml">mirrors</uri> |
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or use the one available on the installation CD |
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(<path>/mnt/cdrom/stages</path>). Go to <path>/mnt/gentoo</path> and unpack the |
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stage using <c>tar -xvjpf <stage tarball></c>. |
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</p> |
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|
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<p> |
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Install a Portage snapshot if you are performing a networkless installation: go |
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to <path>/mnt/gentoo/usr</path> and run |
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<c>tar -xvjf /mnt/cdrom/snapshots/<snapshot></c>. Other users |
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can download a portage snapshot and install it likewise. |
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</p> |
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|
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<p> |
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Edit <path>/mnt/gentoo/etc/make.conf</path> to suit your needs (USE flag, CFLAGS |
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and CXXFLAGS). You can use the <c>nano</c> editor for this. |
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</p> |
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|
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</body> |
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</section> |
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<section> |
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<title>Installing the Gentoo Base System</title> |
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<body> |
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|
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<p> |
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Mount the <path>/proc</path> file system first, copy over the |
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<path>/etc/resolv.conf</path> file and then chroot into your Gentoo |
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environment. |
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</p> |
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|
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<pre caption="Preparing and chrooting"> |
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# <i>mount -t proc none /mnt/gentoo/proc</i> |
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# <i>cp /etc/resolv.conf /mnt/gentoo/etc/</i> |
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# <i>chroot /mnt/gentoo /bin/bash</i> |
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# <i>env-update</i> && <i>source /etc/profile</i> |
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</pre> |
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|
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<p> |
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If you are not running a networkless installation, issue <c>emerge --sync</c> to |
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update your Portage tree. |
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</p> |
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|
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<p> |
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Next, make sure <path>/etc/make.profile</path> points to the right profile. The |
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default one should suffice for most users; subprofiles are available for |
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different kernels (like <path>2.4/</path> for 2.4-kernel based profiles). Change |
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the profile using <c>ln -sf</c>. |
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</p> |
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|
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<ul> |
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<li> |
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Bootstrapping (not available for networkless installations) happens using |
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<c>scripts/bootstrap.sh</c> in the <path>/usr/portage</path> directory. |
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</li> |
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<li> |
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System installation (not available for networkless installations) happens |
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using <c>emerge -e system</c> (or <c>-N</c> if you haven't |
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altered the default CFLAGS/CXXFLAGS). |
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</li> |
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</ul> |
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|
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<p> |
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Stage3 users (except those performing a networkless installation) need to |
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upgrade the baselayout package: |
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</p> |
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|
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<pre caption="Upgrading baselayout"> |
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# <i>CONFIG_PROTECT="-*" emerge baselayout</i> |
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</pre> |
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|
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</body> |
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</section> |
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<section> |
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<title>Kernel Configuration</title> |
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<body> |
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|
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<p> |
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Set your time zone information by changing the <path>/etc/localtime</path> |
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symbolic link to the correct location in <path>/usr/share/zoneinfo</path> using |
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<c>ln -sf</c>. |
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</p> |
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|
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<p> |
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Install a kernel source (<c>gentoo-sources</c> and <c>vanilla-sources</c> are |
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available for networkless installations) and configure it using <c>make |
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menuconfig</c> followed by <c>make &&make modules_install</c> |
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inside <path>/usr/src/linux</path>. Copy the <path>arch/i386/bzImage</path> file |
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over to <path>/boot</path>. You can also <c>emerge genkernel</c> |
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and use <c>genkernel --udev all</c>. |
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</p> |
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|
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<p> |
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Genkernel users will need to <c>emerge coldplug</c> and |
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<c>rc-update add coldplug default</c>. |
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</p> |
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|
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</body> |
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</section> |
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<section> |
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<title>Configuring the System</title> |
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<body> |
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|
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<p> |
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Edit your <path>/etc/fstab</path>; an example follows: |
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</p> |
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|
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<pre caption="Example fstab"> |
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/dev/hda1 /boot ext2 defaults,noatime 1 2 |
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/dev/hda2 none swap sw 0 0 |
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/dev/hda3 / ext3 noatime 0 1 |
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none /proc proc defaults 0 0 |
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none /dev/shm tmpfs nodev,nosuid,noexec 0 0 |
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/dev/cdroms/cdrom0 /mnt/cdrom auto noauto,user 0 0 |
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</pre> |
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|
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<p> |
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Edit <path>/etc/conf.d/hostname</path> and <path>/etc/conf.d/domainname</path>, |
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run <c>rc-update add domainname default</c> and edit |
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<path>/etc/conf.d/net</path> to |
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configure your network. Add the <c>net.eth0</c> initscript to the default |
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runlevel. If you have multiple NICs, symlink them to the <c>net.eth0</c> |
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init script and add them to the default runlevel as well. |
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</p> |
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|
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<p> |
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Edit <path>/etc/hosts</path>; examples are given below: |
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</p> |
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|
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<pre caption="Example /etc/hosts"> |
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<comment>(For static IPs)</comment> |
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127.0.0.1 localhost |
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192.168.0.5 jenny.homenetwork jenny |
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192.168.0.6 benny.homenetwork benny |
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192.168.0.7 tux.homenetwork tux |
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|
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<comment>(For a dynamic IP)</comment> |
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127.0.0.1 localhost.homenetwork tux localhost |
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</pre> |
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|
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<p> |
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Emerge <c>pcmcia-cs</c> and add it to the default runlevel if you need it. |
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</p> |
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|
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<p> |
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Set the root password using <c>passwd</c>. |
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</p> |
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|
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<p> |
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Set the necessary system configuration in <path>/etc/rc.conf</path>, |
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<path>/etc/conf.d/rc</path>, <path>/etc/conf.d/keymaps</path>, |
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<path>/etc/conf.d/clock</path>. |
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</p> |
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|
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</body> |
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</section> |
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<section> |
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<title>Installing System Tools</title> |
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<body> |
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|
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<p> |
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2.4 kernel users need to <c>emerge --unmerge udev</c> and |
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<c>emerge devfsd</c>. |
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</p> |
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|
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<p> |
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Install a system logger like <c>syslog-ng</c> and add it to the default |
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run level. Do the same for a cron daemon like <c>vixie-cron</c> (optional). |
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</p> |
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|
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<p> |
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Install the necessary file system tools (<c>xfsprogs</c>, <c>reiserfsprogs</c> |
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or <c>jfsutils</c>) and networking tools (<c>dhcpcd</c> or <c>rp-pppoe</c>). |
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</p> |
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|
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</body> |
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</section> |
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<section> |
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<title>Configuring the Bootloader</title> |
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<body> |
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|
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<p> |
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Emerge <c>grub</c> or <c>lilo</c>. Edit <path>/boot/grub/grub.conf</path> or |
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<path>/etc/lilo.conf</path> to your likings. Below you will find an example for |
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each. |
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</p> |
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|
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<pre caption="Example grub.conf"> |
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default 0 |
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timeout 30 |
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splashimage=(hd0,0)/grub/splash.xpm.gz |
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|
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<comment># genkernel users</comment> |
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title=Gentoo Linux 2.6.11-r3 |
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root (hd0,0) |
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kernel /kernel-genkernel-x86-2.6.11-gentoo-r3 root=/dev/ram0 init=/linuxrc ramdisk=8192 real_root=/dev/hda3 udev |
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initrd /initramfs-genkernel-x86-2.6.11-gentoo-r3 |
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|
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<comment># non-genkernel users (no initrd)</comment> |
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title=Gentoo Linux 2.6.11 r3 |
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root (hd0,0) |
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kernel /kernel-2.6.11-gentoo-r3 root=/dev/hda3 |
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|
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<comment># Only in case you want to dual-boot</comment> |
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title=Windows XP |
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root (hd0,5) |
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makeactive |
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chainloader +1 |
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</pre> |
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|
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<pre caption="Example lilo.conf"> |
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boot=/dev/hda |
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prompt |
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timeout=50 |
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default=gentoo |
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|
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<comment># For non-genkernel users</comment> |
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image=/boot/kernel-2.6.11-gentoo-r3 |
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label=gentoo |
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read-only |
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root=/dev/hda3 |
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|
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<comment># For genkernel users</comment> |
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image=/boot/kernel-genkernel-x86-2.6.11-gentoo-r3 |
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label=gentoo |
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read-only |
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root=/dev/ram0 |
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append="init=/linuxrc ramdisk=8192 real_root=/dev/hda3 udev" |
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initrd=/boot/initramfs-genkernel-x86-2.6.11-gentoo-r3 |
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|
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<comment># For dual-booting</comment> |
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other=/dev/hda6 |
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label=windows |
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</pre> |
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|
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<p> |
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GRUB users need to install GRUB in the MBR using |
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<c>grub-install /dev/hda</c> after copying <path>/proc/mounts</path> to |
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<path>/etc/mtab</path>. LILO users need to run <c>/sbin/lilo</c>. |
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</p> |
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|
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<p> |
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Exit the chrooted environment, unmount all file systems and reboot. |
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</p> |
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|
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</body> |
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</section> |
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<section> |
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<title>Finalizing the Installation</title> |
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<body> |
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|
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<p> |
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Log in as <c>root</c>, then add one or more users for day-to-day use using |
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<c>useradd -m -G <groups> <username></c>. |
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</p> |
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|
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<p> |
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If you performed a networkless installation, mount the packages CD at |
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<path>/mnt/cdrom</path> and <c>export PKGDIR="/mnt/cdrom"</c> after which |
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you can <c>emerge -k <package></c> to install additional |
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software like <c>kde</c>. |
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</p> |
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|
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<p> |
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Thanks for installing Gentoo! |
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</p> |
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|
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</body> |
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</section> |
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</chapter> |
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</guide> |
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