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4 | <!-- The content of this document is licensed under the CC-BY-SA license --> |
4 | <!-- The content of this document is licensed under the CC-BY-SA license --> |
5 | <!-- See http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/1.0 --> |
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6 | |
7 | <!-- $Header: /var/cvsroot/gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en/handbook/hb-install-ppc-medium.xml,v 1.35 2005/01/04 18:11:20 swift Exp $ --> |
7 | <!-- $Header: /var/cvsroot/gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en/handbook/hb-install-ppc-medium.xml,v 1.68 2011/11/27 18:17:23 swift Exp $ --> |
8 | |
8 | |
9 | <sections> |
9 | <sections> |
10 | |
10 | |
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11 | <abstract> |
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12 | You can install Gentoo in many ways. This chapter explains how to install |
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13 | Gentoo using the minimal Installation CD. |
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14 | </abstract> |
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15 | |
11 | <version>1.32</version> |
16 | <version>13</version> |
12 | <date>2005-01-04</date> |
17 | <date>2011-11-27</date> |
13 | |
18 | |
14 | <section> |
19 | <section> |
15 | <title>Hardware Requirements</title> |
20 | <title>Hardware Requirements</title> |
16 | <subsection> |
21 | <subsection> |
17 | <title>Introduction</title> |
22 | <title>Introduction</title> |
… | |
… | |
28 | <title>Hardware Requirements</title> |
33 | <title>Hardware Requirements</title> |
29 | <body> |
34 | <body> |
30 | |
35 | |
31 | <table> |
36 | <table> |
32 | <tr> |
37 | <tr> |
33 | <th>NewWorld machines</th> |
38 | <th>Apple NewWorld Machines</th> |
34 | <ti> |
39 | <ti> |
35 | Power/PowerPC microprocessors (G3, G4, G5) such as iMac, eMac, iBook |
40 | Power/PowerPC microprocessors (G3, G4, G5) such as iMac, eMac, iBook |
36 | PowerBook, Xserver, PowerMac, bPlan's Pegasos II |
41 | PowerBook, Xserver, PowerMac |
37 | </ti> |
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38 | </tr> |
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39 | <tr> |
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40 | <th>OldWorld machines</th> |
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41 | <ti> |
42 | </ti> |
42 | Limited suport for IBM (RS/6000, iSeries, pSeries) and Amiga systems |
43 | </tr> |
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44 | <tr> |
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45 | <th>Apple OldWorld machines</th> |
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46 | <ti> |
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47 | Apple Machines with an Open Firmware revision less than 3, such as the Beige |
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48 | G3s, PCI PowerMacs and PCI PowerBooks. PCI-based Apple Clones should also |
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49 | be supported. |
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50 | </ti> |
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51 | </tr> |
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52 | <tr> |
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53 | <th>Genesi</th> |
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54 | <ti> |
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55 | Pegasos I/II, Open Desktop Workstation, Efika |
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56 | </ti> |
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57 | </tr> |
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58 | <tr> |
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59 | <th>IBM</th> |
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60 | <ti> |
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61 | RS/6000, iSeries, pSeries |
43 | </ti> |
62 | </ti> |
44 | </tr> |
63 | </tr> |
45 | <tr> |
64 | <tr> |
46 | <th>Memory</th> |
65 | <th>Memory</th> |
47 | <ti>64 MB</ti> |
66 | <ti>At least 64 MB</ti> |
48 | </tr> |
67 | </tr> |
49 | <tr> |
68 | <tr> |
50 | <th>Diskspace</th> |
69 | <th>Diskspace</th> |
51 | <ti>1.5 GB (excluding swap space)</ti> |
70 | <ti>1.5 GB (excluding swap space)</ti> |
52 | </tr> |
71 | </tr> |
… | |
… | |
55 | <ti>At least 256 MB</ti> |
74 | <ti>At least 256 MB</ti> |
56 | </tr> |
75 | </tr> |
57 | </table> |
76 | </table> |
58 | |
77 | |
59 | <p> |
78 | <p> |
60 | Be sure to read up on the <uri link="/doc/en/gentoo-ppc-faq.xml">Gentoo |
79 | Be sure to read the <uri link="/doc/en/gentoo-ppc-faq.xml">Gentoo PPC FAQ</uri> |
61 | PPC FAQ</uri> before you begin. |
80 | for help with some common installation related issues or if you're unsure as to |
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81 | just what's in that PowerPC machine you've got sitting on your desk right now. |
62 | </p> |
82 | </p> |
63 | |
83 | |
64 | </body> |
84 | </body> |
65 | </subsection> |
85 | </subsection> |
66 | </section> |
86 | </section> |
67 | <!-- Copy/paste from hb-install-x86-medium.xml (with s/x86/ppc/) --> |
87 | |
68 | <!-- START --> |
88 | <!-- START --> |
69 | <section> |
89 | <section> |
70 | <title>The Gentoo Installation Approaches</title> |
90 | <title>The Gentoo Installation CDs</title> |
71 | <subsection> |
91 | <subsection> |
72 | <title>Introduction</title> |
92 | <title>Introduction</title> |
73 | <body> |
93 | <body> |
74 | |
94 | |
75 | <p> |
95 | <p> |
76 | Gentoo Linux can be installed using one of three <e>stage</e> tarball files. |
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77 | A stage file is a tarball (compressed archive) that contains a minimal |
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78 | environment. |
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79 | </p> |
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80 | |
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81 | <ul> |
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82 | <li> |
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83 | A stage1 file contains nothing more than a compiler, Portage (Gentoo's |
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84 | software management system) and a couple of packages on which the compiler |
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85 | or Portage depends. |
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86 | </li> |
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87 | <li> |
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88 | A stage2 file contains a so-called bootstrapped system, a minimal |
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89 | environment from which one can start building all other necessary |
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90 | applications that make a Gentoo environment complete. |
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91 | </li> |
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92 | <li> |
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93 | A stage3 file contains a prebuilt minimal system which is almost fully |
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94 | deployable. It only lacks a few applications where you, the Gentoo user, |
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95 | needs to choose which one you want to install. |
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96 | </li> |
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97 | </ul> |
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98 | |
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99 | <p> |
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100 | To help you decide what stage file you want to use, we have written down the |
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101 | major advantages and disadvantages of each stage file. |
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102 | </p> |
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103 | |
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104 | </body> |
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105 | </subsection> |
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106 | <subsection> |
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107 | <title>A Stage1 Approach</title> |
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108 | <body> |
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109 | |
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110 | <p> |
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111 | A <e>stage1</e> is used when you want to bootstrap and build the entire system |
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112 | from scratch. |
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113 | </p> |
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114 | |
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115 | <p> |
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116 | Starting from a stage1 allows you to have total control over the |
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117 | optimization settings and optional build-time functionality that is |
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118 | initially enabled on your system. This makes <e>stage1</e> installs good for |
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119 | power users who know what they are doing. It is also a great |
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120 | installation method for those who would like to know more about the |
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121 | inner workings of Gentoo Linux. |
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122 | </p> |
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123 | |
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124 | <table> |
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125 | <tr> |
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126 | <th>Stage1</th> |
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127 | <th>Pros and Cons</th> |
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128 | </tr> |
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129 | <tr> |
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130 | <th>+</th> |
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131 | <ti> |
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132 | Allows you to have total control over the optimization settings and optional |
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133 | build-time functionality that is initially enabled on your system |
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134 | </ti> |
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135 | </tr> |
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136 | <tr> |
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137 | <th>+</th> |
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138 | <ti>Suitable for powerusers that know what they are doing</ti> |
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139 | </tr> |
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140 | <tr> |
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141 | <th>+</th> |
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142 | <ti>Allows you to learn more about the inner workings of Gentoo</ti> |
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143 | </tr> |
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144 | <tr> |
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145 | <th>-</th> |
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146 | <ti>Takes a long time to finish the installation</ti> |
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147 | </tr> |
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148 | <tr> |
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149 | <th>-</th> |
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150 | <ti> |
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151 | If you don't intend to tweak the settings, it is a waste of time |
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152 | </ti> |
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153 | </tr> |
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154 | </table> |
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155 | |
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156 | </body> |
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157 | </subsection> |
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158 | <subsection> |
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159 | <title>A Stage2 Approach</title> |
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160 | <body> |
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161 | |
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162 | <p> |
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163 | A <e>stage2</e> is used for building the entire system from a bootstrapped |
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164 | "semi-compiled" state. |
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165 | </p> |
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166 | |
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167 | <p> |
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168 | Stage2 installs allow you to skip the bootstrap process; doing this |
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169 | is fine if you are happy with the optimization settings that we chose |
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170 | for your particular stage2 tarball. |
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171 | </p> |
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172 | |
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173 | <table> |
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174 | <tr> |
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175 | <th>Stage2</th> |
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176 | <th>Pros and Cons</th> |
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177 | </tr> |
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178 | <tr> |
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179 | <th>+</th> |
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180 | <ti>You don't need to bootstrap</ti> |
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181 | </tr> |
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182 | <tr> |
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183 | <th>+</th> |
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184 | <ti>Faster than starting with stage1</ti> |
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185 | </tr> |
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186 | <tr> |
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187 | <th>+</th> |
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188 | <ti>You can still tweak your settings</ti> |
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189 | </tr> |
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190 | <tr> |
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191 | <th>-</th> |
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192 | <ti>You cannot tweak as much as with a stage1</ti> |
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193 | </tr> |
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194 | <tr> |
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195 | <th>-</th> |
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196 | <ti>It's still not the fastest way to install Gentoo</ti> |
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197 | </tr> |
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198 | <tr> |
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199 | <th>-</th> |
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200 | <ti>You have to accept the optimizations we chose for the bootstrap</ti> |
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201 | </tr> |
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202 | </table> |
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203 | |
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204 | </body> |
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205 | </subsection> |
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206 | <subsection> |
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207 | <title>A Stage3 Approach</title> |
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208 | <body> |
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209 | |
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210 | <p> |
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211 | A <e>stage3</e> installation contains a basic Gentoo Linux system that has been |
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212 | built for you. You will only need to build a few packages of which we can't |
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213 | decide for you which one to choose. |
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214 | </p> |
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215 | |
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216 | <p> |
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217 | Choosing to go with a stage3 allows for the fastest install of Gentoo |
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218 | Linux, but also means that your base system will have the optimization |
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219 | settings that we chose for you (which to be honest, are good settings |
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220 | and were carefully chosen to enhance performance while maintaining |
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221 | stability). Stage3 is also required if you want to install Gentoo using |
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222 | prebuilt packages or without a network connection. |
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223 | </p> |
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224 | |
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225 | <table> |
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226 | <tr> |
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227 | <th>Stage3</th> |
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228 | <th>Pros and Cons</th> |
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229 | </tr> |
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230 | <tr> |
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231 | <th>+</th> |
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232 | <ti>Fastest way to get a Gentoo base system</ti> |
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233 | </tr> |
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234 | <tr> |
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235 | <th>-</th> |
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236 | <ti>You cannot tweak the base system - it's built already</ti> |
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237 | </tr> |
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238 | </table> |
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239 | |
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240 | <p> |
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241 | You might be interested to know that, if you decide to use different |
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242 | optimization settings after having installed Gentoo, you will be able to |
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243 | recompile your entire system with the new optimization settings. |
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244 | </p> |
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245 | |
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246 | </body> |
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247 | </subsection> |
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248 | </section> |
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249 | <section> |
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250 | <title>The Gentoo LiveCDs</title> |
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251 | <subsection> |
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252 | <title>Introduction</title> |
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253 | <body> |
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254 | |
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255 | <p> |
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256 | The <e>Gentoo LiveCDs</e> are bootable CDs which contain a |
96 | The <e>Gentoo Installation CDs</e> are bootable CDs which contain a |
257 | self-sustained Gentoo environment. They allow you to boot Linux from the CD. |
97 | self-sustained Gentoo environment. They allow you to boot Linux from the CD. |
258 | During the boot process your hardware is detected and the appropriate drivers |
98 | During the boot process your hardware is detected and the appropriate drivers |
259 | are loaded. They are maintained by Gentoo developers. |
99 | are loaded. They are maintained by Gentoo developers. |
260 | </p> |
100 | </p> |
261 | |
101 | |
262 | <p> |
102 | <p> |
263 | All LiveCDs allow you to boot, set up networking, initialize your |
103 | All Installation CDs allow you to boot, set up networking, initialize your |
264 | partitions and start installing Gentoo from the Internet. We currently provide |
104 | partitions and start installing Gentoo from the Internet. |
265 | two LiveCDs which are equaly suitable to install Gentoo from, as long as you're |
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266 | planning on performing an Internet-based installation using the latest version |
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267 | of the available packages. |
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268 | </p> |
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269 | |
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270 | <p> |
105 | </p> |
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106 | |
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107 | <!-- |
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108 | <impo> |
271 | If you whish to install Gentoo without a working Internet connection, please use |
109 | If you wish to install Gentoo without a working Internet connection, or would |
272 | the installation instructions described in the <uri |
110 | like to use one of the provided installers, please use the installation |
273 | link="2004.3/index.xml">Gentoo 2004.3 Handbooks</uri>. |
111 | instructions described in the <uri link="2008.0/">Gentoo 2008.0 |
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112 | Handbooks</uri>. |
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113 | </impo> |
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114 | --> |
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115 | <!-- |
274 | </p> |
116 | <p> |
275 | |
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276 | <p> |
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277 | The two LiveCDs that we currently provide are: |
117 | The Installation CDs that we currently provide are: |
278 | </p> |
118 | </p> |
279 | |
119 | |
280 | <ul> |
120 | <ul> |
281 | <li> |
121 | <li> |
282 | The Gentoo <e>Minimal</e> LiveCD, a small, no-nonsense, bootable CD which |
122 | The Gentoo <e>Minimal</e> Installation CD, a small, no-nonsense, bootable |
283 | sole purpose is to boot the system, prepare the networking and continue with |
123 | CD which sole purpose is to boot the system, prepare the networking and |
284 | the Gentoo installation. |
124 | continue with the Gentoo installation. |
285 | </li> |
125 | </li> |
286 | <li> |
126 | <li> |
287 | The Gentoo <e>Universal</e> LiveCD, a bootable CD with the same abilities as |
127 | The Universal Installation CD contains everything you need to install |
288 | the Minimal LiveCD. Additionally, it contains a stage1 and several stage3 |
128 | Gentoo. It provides stage3 files for common architectures, source code |
289 | tarballs (optimized for the individual subarchitectures). |
129 | for the extra applications you need to choose from and, of course, the |
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130 | installation instructions for your architecture. |
290 | </li> |
131 | </li> |
291 | </ul> |
132 | </ul> |
292 | |
133 | |
293 | <p> |
134 | <p> |
294 | To help you decide which LiveCD you need, we have written down the major |
135 | Gentoo also provides a Package CD. This is not an Installation CD but an |
295 | advantages and disadvantages of each LiveCD. |
136 | additional resource that you can exploit during the installation of your Gentoo |
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137 | system. It contains prebuilt packages (also known as the GRP set) that allow |
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138 | you to easily and quickly install additional applications (such as |
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139 | OpenOffice.org, KDE, GNOME, ...) immediately after the Gentoo installation and |
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140 | right before you update your Portage tree. |
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141 | </p> |
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142 | |
296 | </p> |
143 | <p> |
297 | |
144 | The use of the Package CD is covered later in this document. |
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145 | </p> |
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146 | --> |
298 | </body> |
147 | </body> |
299 | </subsection> |
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300 | <subsection> |
148 | </subsection> |
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149 | <subsection> |
301 | <title>Gentoo's Minimal LiveCD</title> |
150 | <title>Gentoo Minimal Installation CD</title> |
302 | <body> |
151 | <body> |
303 | |
152 | |
304 | <p> |
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305 | The Minimal LiveCD is called <c>install-ppc-minimal-2004.3.iso</c> and |
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306 | takes up only 52 MB of diskspace. You can use this LiveCD to install Gentoo, |
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307 | but always with a working Internet connection only. |
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308 | </p> |
153 | <p> |
309 | |
154 | The Minimal Installation CD is called <c><keyval id="min-cd-name"/></c> and |
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155 | takes up only <keyval id="min-cd-size"/> MB of diskspace. You can use this |
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156 | Installation CD to install Gentoo, but <e>only</e> with a working Internet |
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157 | connection. |
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158 | </p> |
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159 | <!-- |
310 | <table> |
160 | <table> |
311 | <tr> |
161 | <tr> |
312 | <th>Minimal LiveCD</th> |
162 | <th>Minimal Installation CD</th> |
313 | <th>Pros and Cons</th> |
163 | <th>Pros and Cons</th> |
314 | </tr> |
164 | </tr> |
315 | <tr> |
165 | <tr> |
316 | <th>+</th> |
166 | <th>+</th> |
317 | <ti>Smallest download</ti> |
167 | <ti>Smallest download</ti> |
318 | </tr> |
168 | </tr> |
319 | <tr> |
169 | <tr> |
320 | <th>+</th> |
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321 | <ti> |
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322 | You can do a stage1, stage2 or stage3 by getting the stage tarball off the |
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323 | net |
|
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324 | </ti> |
|
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325 | </tr> |
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326 | <tr> |
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327 | <th>-</th> |
170 | <th>-</th> |
328 | <ti> |
171 | <ti> |
329 | Contains no stages, no Portage snapshot, no prebuilt packages and is |
172 | Contains no stage3 tarball, no Portage snapshot, no prebuilt packages and |
330 | therefore not suitable for networkless installation |
173 | is therefore not suitable for networkless installation |
331 | </ti> |
174 | </ti> |
332 | </tr> |
175 | </tr> |
333 | </table> |
176 | </table> |
334 | |
177 | --> |
335 | </body> |
178 | </body> |
336 | </subsection> |
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337 | <subsection> |
179 | </subsection> |
338 | <title>Gentoo's Universal LiveCD</title> |
|
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339 | <body> |
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340 | |
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341 | <p> |
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342 | The Universal LiveCD is called <c>install-ppc-universal-2004.3.iso</c> and |
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343 | consumes the entire surface of a 650 MB CD. You can use this LiveCD to install |
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344 | Gentoo, and you can even use it to install Gentoo without a working internet |
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345 | connection, just in case you want to bring Gentoo to another PC than the one you |
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346 | are currently installing Gentoo on :) |
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347 | </p> |
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348 | |
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349 | <table> |
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350 | <tr> |
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351 | <th>Universal LiveCD</th> |
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352 | <th>Pros and Cons</th> |
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353 | </tr> |
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354 | <tr> |
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355 | <th>+</th> |
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356 | <ti> |
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357 | Contains everything you need. You can even install without a network |
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358 | connection. |
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359 | </ti> |
|
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360 | </tr> |
|
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361 | <tr> |
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362 | <th>-</th> |
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363 | <ti>Huge download</ti> |
|
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364 | </tr> |
|
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365 | </table> |
|
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366 | |
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367 | </body> |
|
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368 | </subsection> |
180 | <subsection> |
369 | <subsection> |
181 | <title>The Stage3 Tarball</title> |
370 | <title>Other CDs</title> |
|
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371 | <body> |
182 | <body> |
372 | |
183 | |
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184 | <p> |
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185 | A stage3 tarball is an archive containing a minimal Gentoo environment, |
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186 | suitable to continue the Gentoo installation using the instructions in this |
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187 | manual. Previously, the Gentoo Handbook described the installation using one of |
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188 | three stage tarballs. While Gentoo still offers stage1 and stage2 tarballs, the |
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189 | official installation method uses the stage3 tarball. If you are interested in |
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190 | performing a Gentoo installation using a stage1 or stage2 tarball, please read |
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191 | the Gentoo FAQ on <uri link="/doc/en/faq.xml#stage12">How do I Install Gentoo |
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192 | Using a Stage1 or Stage2 Tarball?</uri> |
373 | <p> |
193 | </p> |
374 | You might find a so-called <e>Package CD</e> on one of our mirrors. This CD is |
194 | |
375 | no LiveCD but an additional resource that can be exploited during a networkless |
195 | <p> |
376 | installation. It contains prebuilt packages (the so-called GRP set) that allows |
196 | Stage3 tarballs can be downloaded from <path><keyval |
377 | you to easily and quickly install additional applications (such as |
197 | id="release-dir"/>current-stage3/</path> on any of the <uri |
378 | OpenOffice.org, KDE, GNOME, ...) immediately after the networkless Gentoo |
198 | link="/main/en/mirrors.xml">Official Gentoo Mirrors</uri> and are not provided |
379 | installation. |
199 | on the LiveCD. |
380 | </p> |
200 | </p> |
381 | |
201 | |
382 | </body> |
202 | </body> |
383 | </subsection> |
203 | </subsection> |
384 | </section> |
204 | </section> |
|
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205 | |
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206 | |
385 | <!-- STOP --> |
207 | <!-- STOP --> |
386 | <section> |
208 | <section> |
387 | <title>Download, Burn and Boot a Gentoo LiveCD</title> |
209 | <title>Download, Burn and Boot a Gentoo Installation CD</title> |
388 | <subsection> |
210 | <subsection> |
389 | <title>Downloading and Burning the LiveCDs</title> |
211 | <title>Downloading and Burning the Installation CDs</title> |
390 | <body> |
212 | <body> |
391 | |
213 | |
392 | <p> |
|
|
393 | You have chosen to use a Gentoo LiveCD. We'll first start by downloading and |
|
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394 | burning the chosen LiveCD. We previously discussed the several available |
|
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395 | LiveCDs, but where can you find them? |
|
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396 | </p> |
214 | <p> |
397 | |
215 | You have chosen to use a Gentoo Installation CD. We'll first start by |
|
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216 | downloading and burning the chosen Installation CD. We previously discussed |
|
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217 | the several available Installation CDs, but where can you find them? |
398 | <p> |
218 | </p> |
399 | You can download any of the LiveCDs (and, if you want to, a Packages CD as |
219 | |
400 | well) from one of our <uri link="/main/en/mirrors.xml">mirrors</uri>. The |
|
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401 | LiveCDs are located in the <path>releases/ppc/2004.3/livecd</path> directory. |
|
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402 | </p> |
220 | <p> |
403 | |
221 | You can download any of the Installation CDs from one of our <uri |
|
|
222 | link="/main/en/mirrors.xml">mirrors</uri>. The Installation CDs are located in |
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223 | the <path><keyval id="release-dir"/>current-iso/</path> directory. |
404 | <p> |
224 | </p> |
|
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225 | |
|
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226 | <p> |
405 | Inside that directory you'll find so-called ISO-files. Those are full CD images |
227 | Inside that directory you'll find ISO files. Those are full CD images which you |
406 | which you can write on a CD-R. |
228 | can write on a CD-R. |
407 | </p> |
|
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408 | |
|
|
409 | <p> |
229 | </p> |
|
|
230 | |
|
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231 | <p> |
410 | In case you wonder if your downloaded file is corrupted or not, you can |
232 | In case you wonder if your downloaded file is corrupted or not, you can check |
411 | check its MD5 checksum and compare it with the MD5 checksum we provide (such as |
233 | its MD5 checksum and compare it with the MD5 checksum we provide (such as |
412 | <path>install-ppc-minimal-2004.3.iso.md5</path>). You can check the MD5 checksum |
234 | <path><keyval id="min-cd-name"/>.DIGESTS</path>). You can check the MD5 |
413 | with the <c>md5sum</c> tool under Linux/Unix or <uri |
235 | checksum with the <c>md5sum</c> tool under Linux/Unix or <uri |
414 | link="http://www.etree.org/md5com.html">md5sum</uri> for Windows. |
236 | link="http://www.etree.org/md5com.html">md5sum</uri> for Windows. |
415 | </p> |
237 | </p> |
416 | |
238 | |
417 | <p> |
239 | <p> |
418 | Another way to check the validity of the downloaded file is to use GnuPG to |
240 | Another way to check the validity of the downloaded file is to use GnuPG to |
419 | verify the cryptographic signature that we provide (the file ending with |
241 | verify the cryptographic signature that we provide (the file ending with |
420 | <path>.asc</path>). Download the signature file and obtain the public key: |
242 | <path>.asc</path>). Download the signature file and obtain the public keys: |
421 | </p> |
243 | </p> |
422 | |
244 | |
423 | <pre caption="Obtaining the public key"> |
245 | <pre caption="Obtaining the public key"> |
424 | $ <i>gpg --keyserver pgp.mit.edu --recv-keys 17072058</i> |
246 | $ <i>gpg --keyserver subkeys.pgp.net --recv-keys 96D8BF6D 2D182910 17072058</i> |
425 | </pre> |
247 | </pre> |
426 | |
248 | |
427 | <p> |
249 | <p> |
428 | Now verify the signature: |
250 | Now verify the signature: |
429 | </p> |
251 | </p> |
430 | |
252 | |
431 | <pre caption="Verify the cryptographic signature"> |
253 | <pre caption="Verify the files"> |
432 | $ <i>gpg --verify <signature file> <downloaded iso></i> |
254 | <comment>(Verify the cryptographic signature)</comment> |
|
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255 | $ <i>gpg --verify <downloaded iso.DIGESTS.asc></i> |
|
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256 | <comment>(Verify the checksum)</comment> |
|
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257 | $ <i>sha1sum -c <downloaded iso.DIGESTS.asc></i> |
433 | </pre> |
258 | </pre> |
434 | |
259 | |
435 | <p> |
260 | <p> |
436 | To burn the downloaded ISO(s), you have to select raw-burning. How you |
261 | To burn the downloaded ISO(s), you have to select raw-burning. How you |
437 | do this is highly program-dependent. We will discuss <c>cdrecord</c> and |
262 | do this is highly program-dependent. We will discuss <c>cdrecord</c> and |
… | |
… | |
439 | link="/doc/en/faq.xml#isoburning">Gentoo FAQ</uri>. |
264 | link="/doc/en/faq.xml#isoburning">Gentoo FAQ</uri>. |
440 | </p> |
265 | </p> |
441 | |
266 | |
442 | <ul> |
267 | <ul> |
443 | <li> |
268 | <li> |
444 | With cdrecord, you simply type <c>cdrecord dev=/dev/hdc <downloaded iso |
269 | With cdrecord, you simply type <c>cdrecord dev=/dev/hdc <downloaded iso |
445 | file></c> (replace <path>/dev/hdc</path> with your CD-RW drive's |
270 | file></c> (replace <path>/dev/hdc</path> with your CD-RW drive's device |
446 | device path) followed by the path to the ISO file :) |
271 | path). |
447 | </li> |
272 | </li> |
448 | <li> |
273 | <li> |
449 | With K3B, select <c>Tools</c> > <c>CD</c> > <c>Burn Image</c>. Then |
274 | With K3B, select <c>Tools</c> > <c>Burn CD Image</c>. Then you can locate |
450 | you can locate your ISO file within the 'Image to Burn' area. Finally click |
275 | your ISO file within the 'Image to Burn' area. Finally click <c>Start</c>. |
451 | <c>Start</c>. |
|
|
452 | </li> |
276 | </li> |
453 | </ul> |
277 | </ul> |
454 | |
278 | |
455 | </body> |
279 | </body> |
456 | </subsection> |
280 | </subsection> |
457 | <subsection> |
281 | <subsection> |
458 | <title>Default: Booting the LiveCD on a Apple/IBM</title> |
282 | <title>Default: Booting the Installation CD with Yaboot</title> |
459 | <body> |
283 | <body> |
460 | |
284 | |
461 | <p> |
|
|
462 | On NewWorld machines place the LiveCD in the CD-ROM and reboot the system. When |
|
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463 | the system-start-bell sounds, simply hold down the 'C' until the CD loads. |
|
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464 | </p> |
285 | <p> |
465 | |
286 | On NewWorld machines place the Installation CD in the CD-ROM and reboot the |
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287 | system. When the system-start-bell sounds, simply hold down the 'C' until the |
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288 | CD loads. |
466 | <p> |
289 | </p> |
467 | If you have an OldWorld Mac the bootable portion of the livecd can't be used. |
290 | |
468 | Instead you need to download <uri |
|
|
469 | link="http://penguinppc.org/projects/bootx/">BootX</uri> and have a working |
|
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470 | MacOS installed on your system. You need to copy the <c>BootX Extension</c> from |
|
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471 | the unpacked archive-file into the <c>Extensions Folder</c> and make a new |
|
|
472 | directory called <c>Linux Kernels</c> in the System Folder. In the next step you |
|
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473 | need to copy the files <c>G3G4kernel</c> and <c>initrd.img.gz</c> from the |
|
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474 | LiveCD <path>boot</path> folder into the <c>Linux Kernels</c> directory. Then |
|
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475 | reboot the system and wait for BootX to load. After BootX loaded you still have |
|
|
476 | to set up a few items. In the options dialog you need to check <c>Use Specified |
|
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477 | RAM Disk</c> and select the <c>initrd.img.gz</c> which you put in the <c>Linux |
|
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478 | Kernels</c> directory. The ramdisk size should be set to at least <c>32000</c>. |
|
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479 | Furthermore the kernel argument needs to be set to <c>rw init=/linuxrc |
|
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480 | cdroot</c>. Eventually you are able to boot the LiveCD when you select Linux on |
|
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481 | Startup. |
|
|
482 | </p> |
291 | <p> |
483 | |
|
|
484 | <p> |
|
|
485 | After the LiveCD loaded, you will be greeted by a friendly welcome message and a |
292 | After the Installation CD loaded, you will be greeted by a friendly welcome |
486 | <e>boot:</e> prompt at the bottom of the screen. |
293 | message and a <e>boot:</e> prompt at the bottom of the screen. |
487 | </p> |
|
|
488 | |
|
|
489 | <p> |
294 | </p> |
490 | At this prompt you are able to select a kernel for the subarchitecture you use. |
295 | |
491 | We provide <c>G3</c>, <c>G4</c> and <c>G5</c>. All kernels are built with |
296 | <p> |
|
|
297 | We provide one generic kernel, <e>ppc32</e>. This kernel is built with support |
492 | support for multiple CPUs, but they will boot on single processor machines as |
298 | for multiple CPUs, but it will boot on single processor machines as well. |
493 | well. |
|
|
494 | </p> |
|
|
495 | |
|
|
496 | <p> |
299 | </p> |
|
|
300 | |
|
|
301 | <p> |
497 | You are also able to tweak some kernel options at this prompt. The following |
302 | You can tweak some kernel options at this prompt. The following table lists |
498 | table lists the available boot options you can add: |
303 | some of the available boot options you can add: |
499 | </p> |
304 | </p> |
500 | |
305 | |
501 | <table> |
306 | <table> |
502 | <tr> |
307 | <tr> |
503 | <th>Boot Option</th> |
308 | <th>Boot Option</th> |
… | |
… | |
505 | </tr> |
310 | </tr> |
506 | <tr> |
311 | <tr> |
507 | <ti><c>video</c></ti> |
312 | <ti><c>video</c></ti> |
508 | <ti> |
313 | <ti> |
509 | This option takes one of the following vendor-specific tags: |
314 | This option takes one of the following vendor-specific tags: |
510 | <c>radeonfb</c>, <c>rivafb</c>, <c>atyfb</c>, <c>aty128</c> or |
315 | <c>nvidiafb</c>, <c>radeonfb</c>, <c>rivafb</c>, <c>atyfb</c>, |
511 | <c>ofonly</c>. You can follow this tag with the resolution and refreshrate |
316 | <c>aty128</c> or <c>ofonly</c>. You can follow this tag with the resolution |
512 | you want to use. For instance <c>video=radeonfb:1280x1024@75</c>. If you are |
317 | refresh rate and color depth you want to use. For instance, |
513 | uncertain what to choose, <c>ofonly</c> will most certainly work. |
318 | <c>video=radeonfb:1280x1024@75-32</c> will select the ATI Radeon frame buffer |
|
|
319 | at a resolution of 1280x1024 with a refresh rate of 75Hz and a color depth of |
|
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320 | 32 bits. If you are uncertain what to choose, and the default doesn't work, |
|
|
321 | <c>video=ofonly</c> will most certainly work. |
514 | </ti> |
322 | </ti> |
515 | </tr> |
323 | </tr> |
516 | <tr> |
324 | <tr> |
517 | <ti><c>nol3</c></ti> |
325 | <ti><c>nol3</c></ti> |
518 | <ti> |
326 | <ti> |
519 | Disables level 3 cache on some PowerBooks (needed for at least the 17") |
327 | Disables level 3 cache on some PowerBooks (needed for at least the 17") |
520 | </ti> |
328 | </ti> |
521 | </tr> |
329 | </tr> |
522 | <tr> |
330 | <tr> |
523 | <ti><c>debug</c></ti> |
331 | <ti><c>dofirewire</c></ti> |
524 | <ti> |
|
|
525 | Enables verbose booting, spawns an initrd shell that can be used to debug |
|
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526 | the LiveCD |
|
|
527 | </ti> |
332 | <ti> |
528 | </tr> |
333 | Enables support for IEEE1394 (FireWire) devices, like external harddisks. |
529 | <tr> |
|
|
530 | <ti><c>sleep=X</c></ti> |
|
|
531 | <ti> |
334 | </ti> |
532 | Wait X seconds before continuing; this can be needed by some very old SCSI |
335 | </tr> |
533 | CD-ROMs which don't speed up the CD quick enough |
336 | <tr> |
|
|
337 | <ti><c>dopcmcia</c></ti> |
534 | </ti> |
338 | <ti> |
535 | </tr> |
339 | If you want to use PCMCIA devices during your installation (like PCMCIA |
536 | <tr> |
340 | network cards) you have to enable this option. |
537 | <ti><c>bootfrom=X</c></ti> |
|
|
538 | <ti> |
341 | </ti> |
539 | Boot from a different device |
342 | </tr> |
|
|
343 | <tr> |
|
|
344 | <ti><c>dosshd</c></ti> |
|
|
345 | <ti>Starts <c>sshd</c>. Useful for unattended installs.</ti> |
|
|
346 | </tr> |
|
|
347 | <tr> |
|
|
348 | <ti><c>passwd=foo</c></ti> |
|
|
349 | <ti> |
|
|
350 | Sets whatever is after the = as the root password. Use with <c>dosshd</c> |
|
|
351 | for remote installs. |
540 | </ti> |
352 | </ti> |
541 | </tr> |
353 | </tr> |
542 | </table> |
354 | </table> |
543 | |
355 | |
544 | <p> |
356 | <p> |
545 | At this prompt, hit enter, and a complete Gentoo Linux environment will be |
357 | To use the above options, at the <e>boot:</e> prompt, type <e>ppc32</e> followed |
546 | loaded from the CD. Continue with <uri link="#booted">And When You're |
358 | by the desired option. In the example below, we'll force the kernel to use the |
547 | Booted...</uri>. |
359 | Open Firmware framebuffer instead of the device specific driver. |
|
|
360 | </p> |
|
|
361 | |
|
|
362 | <pre caption="Force the use of the Open Firmware framebuffer"> |
|
|
363 | boot: <i>ppc32 video=ofonly</i> |
|
|
364 | </pre> |
|
|
365 | |
548 | </p> |
366 | <p> |
|
|
367 | If you don't need to add any options, just type ppc32 at this prompt, and a |
|
|
368 | complete Gentoo Linux environment will be loaded from the CD. Continue with |
|
|
369 | <uri link="#booted">And When You're Booted...</uri>. |
|
|
370 | </p> |
549 | |
371 | |
550 | </body> |
372 | </body> |
551 | </subsection> |
|
|
552 | <subsection> |
373 | </subsection> |
|
|
374 | <subsection> |
553 | <title>Alternative: Booting the LiveCD on a Pegasos</title> |
375 | <title>Alternative: Booting the Installation CD on a Pegasos</title> |
554 | <body> |
376 | <body> |
555 | |
377 | |
556 | <p> |
378 | <p> |
557 | On the Pegasos simply insert the CD and at the SmartFirmware boot-prompt type |
379 | On the Pegasos simply insert the CD and at the SmartFirmware boot-prompt type |
558 | <c>boot cd /boot/pegasos</c>. If you need any special boot options you can append them to the |
380 | <c>boot cd /boot/menu</c>. This will open a small bootmenu where you can choose |
|
|
381 | between several preconfigured video configs. If you need any special boot |
|
|
382 | options you can append them to the command-line just like with Yaboot above. |
559 | command-line. For instance <c>boot cd /boot/pegasos video=radeonfb:1280x1024@75 mem=256M</c>. |
383 | For example: <c>boot cd /boot/pegasos video=radeonfb:1280x1024@75 mem=256M</c>. |
|
|
384 | The default kernel options (in case something goes wrong and you need it) are |
|
|
385 | preconfigured with <c>console=ttyS0,115200 console=tty0 init=/linuxrc |
|
|
386 | looptype=squashfs loop=/image.squashfs cdroot root=/dev/ram0</c>. |
560 | </p> |
387 | </p> |
561 | |
388 | |
562 | </body> |
389 | </body> |
|
|
390 | </subsection> |
|
|
391 | |
563 | </subsection> |
392 | <subsection> |
|
|
393 | <title>Alternative: Booting the Installation CD with BootX</title> |
|
|
394 | <body> |
|
|
395 | |
|
|
396 | <p> |
|
|
397 | If you have an OldWorld Mac the bootable portion of the livecd can't be used. |
|
|
398 | The most simple solution is to use MacOS 9 or earlier to bootstrap into a Linux |
|
|
399 | environment with a tool called BootX. |
|
|
400 | </p> |
|
|
401 | |
|
|
402 | <p> |
|
|
403 | First, download <uri link="http://penguinppc.org/bootloaders/bootx/">BootX</uri> |
|
|
404 | and unpack the archive. Copy the the <c>BootX Extension</c> from the unpacked |
|
|
405 | archive into <c>Extensions Folder</c> and the BootX App Control Panel into |
|
|
406 | <c>Control Panels</c>, both of which are located in your MacOS System Folder. |
|
|
407 | Next, create a folder called "Linux Kernels" in your System folder and copy the |
|
|
408 | <c>ppc32</c> kernel from the CD to this folder. Finally, copy <c>ppc32.igz</c> |
|
|
409 | from the Installation CD <path>boot</path> folder into the MacOS |
|
|
410 | <c>System Folder</c>. |
|
|
411 | </p> |
|
|
412 | |
|
|
413 | <p> |
|
|
414 | To prepare BootX, start the BootX App Control Panel. First select the Options |
|
|
415 | dialog and check <c>Use Specified RAM Disk</c> and select <c>ppc32.igz</c> from |
|
|
416 | your System Folder. Continue back to the initial screen and ensure that the |
|
|
417 | ramdisk size is at least <c>32000</c>. Finally, set the kernel arguments as |
|
|
418 | shown below: |
|
|
419 | </p> |
|
|
420 | |
|
|
421 | <pre caption="BootX kernel arguments"> |
|
|
422 | cdroot root=/dev/ram0 init=linuxrc loop=image.squashfs looptype=squashfs console=tty0 |
|
|
423 | </pre> |
|
|
424 | |
|
|
425 | <note> |
|
|
426 | The kernel parameters in the yaboot section above are also applicable here. You |
|
|
427 | can append any of those options to the kernel arguments above. |
|
|
428 | </note> |
|
|
429 | |
|
|
430 | <p> |
|
|
431 | Check once more to make sure the settings are correct and then save the |
|
|
432 | configuration. This saves typing just in case it doesn't boot or something is |
|
|
433 | missing. Press the Linux button at the top of the window. If everything goes |
|
|
434 | correctly, it should boot into the Installation CD. Continue with |
|
|
435 | <uri link="#booted">And When You're Booted...</uri> |
|
|
436 | </p> |
|
|
437 | |
|
|
438 | </body> |
|
|
439 | </subsection> |
|
|
440 | |
564 | <subsection id="booted"> |
441 | <subsection id="booted"> |
565 | <title>And When You're Booted...</title> |
442 | <title>And When You're Booted...</title> |
566 | <body> |
443 | <body> |
567 | |
444 | |
568 | <p> |
445 | <p> |
569 | You will be greeted by a root ("#") prompt on the current console. You can also |
446 | You will be greeted by a root ("#") prompt on the current console. You can also |
570 | switch to other consoles by pressing Alt-fn-F2, Alt-fn-F3 and Alt-fn-F4. Get |
447 | switch to other consoles by pressing Alt-F2, Alt-F3 and Alt-F4. Get |
571 | back to the one you started on by pressing Alt-fn-F1. |
448 | back to the one you started on by pressing Alt-F1. Due to the keyboard layout, |
|
|
449 | you may need to press Alt-fn-Fx on Apple machines. |
572 | </p> |
450 | </p> |
573 | |
451 | |
574 | <p> |
452 | <p> |
575 | If you are installing Gentoo on a system with a non-US keyboard, use |
453 | If you are installing Gentoo on a system with a non-US keyboard, use |
576 | <c>loadkeys</c> to load the keymap for your keyboard. To list the available |
454 | <c>loadkeys</c> to load the keymap for your keyboard. To list the available |
577 | keymaps, execute <c>ls /usr/share/keymaps/i386</c>. Do not use the keymaps in |
455 | keymaps, execute <c>ls /usr/share/keymaps/i386</c>. |
578 | <path>ppc</path> or <path>mac</path> as they are for ADB-based OldWorld |
|
|
579 | machines. |
|
|
580 | </p> |
456 | </p> |
581 | |
457 | |
582 | <pre caption="Listing available keymaps"> |
458 | <pre caption="Listing available keymaps"> |
583 | <comment>(PPC uses x86 keymaps on most systems. The mac/ppc keymaps provided |
459 | <comment>(PPC uses x86 keymaps on most systems.)</comment> |
584 | on the LiveCD are ADB keymaps and unusable with the LiveCD kernel)</comment> |
|
|
585 | # <i>ls /usr/share/keymaps/i386</i> |
460 | # <i>ls /usr/share/keymaps/i386</i> |
586 | </pre> |
461 | </pre> |
587 | |
462 | |
588 | <p> |
463 | <p> |
589 | Now load the keymap of your choice: |
464 | Now load the keymap of your choice: |
… | |
… | |
597 | Now continue with <uri link="#hardware">Extra Hardware Configuration</uri>. |
472 | Now continue with <uri link="#hardware">Extra Hardware Configuration</uri>. |
598 | </p> |
473 | </p> |
599 | |
474 | |
600 | </body> |
475 | </body> |
601 | </subsection> |
476 | </subsection> |
602 | <subsection id="hardware"> |
|
|
603 | <title>Extra Hardware Configuration</title> |
|
|
604 | <body> |
|
|
605 | |
477 | |
606 | <p> |
|
|
607 | When the LiveCD boots, it tries to detect all your hardware devices and |
|
|
608 | loads the appropriate kernel modules to support your hardware. In the |
|
|
609 | vast majority of cases, it does a very good job. However, in some cases, it may |
|
|
610 | not auto-load the kernel modules you need. If the PCI auto-detection missed some |
|
|
611 | of your system's hardware, you will have to load the appropriate kernel modules |
|
|
612 | manually. |
|
|
613 | </p> |
|
|
614 | |
|
|
615 | <p> |
|
|
616 | In the next example we try to load the <c>airport</c> module (support for |
|
|
617 | certain kinds of network interfaces): |
|
|
618 | </p> |
|
|
619 | |
|
|
620 | <pre caption="Loading kernel modules"> |
|
|
621 | # <i>modprobe airport</i> |
|
|
622 | </pre> |
|
|
623 | |
|
|
624 | </body> |
|
|
625 | </subsection> |
478 | <subsection> |
|
|
479 | <include href="hb-install-bootconfig.xml"/> |
626 | <subsection> |
480 | </subsection> |
627 | <title>Optional: Tweaking Hard Disk Performance</title> |
|
|
628 | <body> |
|
|
629 | |
481 | |
630 | <p> |
|
|
631 | If you are an advanced user, you might want to tweak the IDE hard disk |
|
|
632 | performance using <c>hdparm</c>. With the <c>-tT</c> options you can |
|
|
633 | test the performance of your disk (execute it several times to get a |
|
|
634 | more precise impression): |
|
|
635 | </p> |
|
|
636 | |
|
|
637 | <pre caption="Testing disk performance"> |
|
|
638 | # <i>hdparm -tT /dev/hda</i> |
|
|
639 | </pre> |
|
|
640 | |
|
|
641 | <p> |
|
|
642 | To tweak, you can use any of the following examples (or experiment |
|
|
643 | yourself) which use <path>/dev/hda</path> as disk (substitute with your |
|
|
644 | disk): |
|
|
645 | </p> |
|
|
646 | |
|
|
647 | <pre caption="Tweaking hard disk performance"> |
|
|
648 | <comment>Activate DMA:</comment> # <i>hdparm -d 1 /dev/hda</i> |
|
|
649 | <comment>Activate DMA + Safe Performance-enhancing Options:</comment> # <i>hdparm -d 1 -A 1 -m 16 -u 1 -a 64 /dev/hda</i> |
|
|
650 | </pre> |
|
|
651 | |
|
|
652 | </body> |
|
|
653 | </subsection> |
|
|
654 | <subsection id="useraccounts"> |
|
|
655 | <title>Optional: User Accounts</title> |
|
|
656 | <body> |
|
|
657 | |
|
|
658 | <p> |
|
|
659 | If you plan on giving other people access to your installation |
|
|
660 | environment or you want to chat using <c>irssi</c> without root privileges (for |
|
|
661 | security reasons), you need to create the necessary user accounts and change |
|
|
662 | the root password. |
|
|
663 | </p> |
|
|
664 | |
|
|
665 | <p> |
|
|
666 | To change the root password, use the <c>passwd</c> utility: |
|
|
667 | </p> |
|
|
668 | |
|
|
669 | <pre caption="Changing the root password"> |
|
|
670 | # <i>passwd</i> |
|
|
671 | New password: <comment>(Enter your new password)</comment> |
|
|
672 | Re-enter password: <comment>(Re-enter your password)</comment> |
|
|
673 | </pre> |
|
|
674 | |
|
|
675 | <p> |
|
|
676 | To create a user account, we first enter their credentials, followed by |
|
|
677 | its password. We use <c>useradd</c> and <c>passwd</c> for these tasks. |
|
|
678 | In the next example, we create a user called "john". |
|
|
679 | </p> |
|
|
680 | |
|
|
681 | <pre caption="Creating a user account"> |
|
|
682 | # <i>useradd -m -G users john</i> |
|
|
683 | # <i>passwd john</i> |
|
|
684 | New password: <comment>(Enter john's password)</comment> |
|
|
685 | Re-enter password: <comment>(Re-enter john's password)</comment> |
|
|
686 | </pre> |
|
|
687 | |
|
|
688 | <p> |
|
|
689 | You can change your user id from root to the newly created user by using |
|
|
690 | <c>su</c>: |
|
|
691 | </p> |
|
|
692 | |
|
|
693 | <pre caption="Changing user id"> |
|
|
694 | # <i>su - john</i> |
|
|
695 | </pre> |
|
|
696 | |
|
|
697 | </body> |
|
|
698 | </subsection> |
|
|
699 | <subsection> |
|
|
700 | <title>Optional: Viewing Documentation while Installing</title> |
|
|
701 | <body> |
|
|
702 | |
|
|
703 | <p> |
|
|
704 | If you want to view the Gentoo Handbook (either from-CD or online) during the |
|
|
705 | installation, make sure you have created a user account (see <uri |
|
|
706 | link="#useraccounts">Optional: User Accounts</uri>). Then press <c>Alt-F2</c> to |
|
|
707 | go to a new terminal and log in. |
|
|
708 | </p> |
|
|
709 | |
|
|
710 | <p> |
|
|
711 | If you want to view the documentation on the CD you can immediately run |
|
|
712 | <c>links2</c> to read it: |
|
|
713 | </p> |
|
|
714 | |
|
|
715 | <pre caption="Viewing the on-CD documentation"> |
|
|
716 | # <i>links2 /mnt/cdrom/docs/html/index.html</i> |
|
|
717 | </pre> |
|
|
718 | |
|
|
719 | <p> |
|
|
720 | However, it is preferred that you use the online Gentoo Handbook as it will be |
|
|
721 | more recent than the one provided on the CD. You can view it using <c>links2</c> |
|
|
722 | as well, but only after having completed the <e>Configuring your Network</e> |
|
|
723 | chapter (otherwise you won't be able to go on the Internet to view the |
|
|
724 | document): |
|
|
725 | </p> |
|
|
726 | |
|
|
727 | <pre caption="Viewing the Online Documentation"> |
|
|
728 | # <i>links2 http://www.gentoo.org/doc/en/handbook/handbook-ppc.xml</i> |
|
|
729 | </pre> |
|
|
730 | |
|
|
731 | <p> |
|
|
732 | You can go back to your original terminal by pressing <c>Alt-F1</c>. |
|
|
733 | </p> |
|
|
734 | |
|
|
735 | </body> |
|
|
736 | </subsection> |
|
|
737 | <subsection> |
|
|
738 | <title>Optional: Starting the SSH Daemon</title> |
|
|
739 | <body> |
|
|
740 | |
|
|
741 | <p> |
|
|
742 | If you want to allow other users to access your computer during the |
|
|
743 | Gentoo installation (perhaps because those users are going to help you |
|
|
744 | install Gentoo, or even do it for you), you need to create a user |
|
|
745 | account for them and perhaps even provide them with your root password |
|
|
746 | (<e>only</e> do that <e>if</e> you <b>fully trust</b> that user). |
|
|
747 | </p> |
|
|
748 | |
|
|
749 | <p> |
|
|
750 | To fire up the SSH daemon, execute the following command: |
|
|
751 | </p> |
|
|
752 | |
|
|
753 | <pre caption="Starting the SSH daemon"> |
|
|
754 | # <i>/etc/init.d/sshd start</i> |
|
|
755 | </pre> |
|
|
756 | |
|
|
757 | <p> |
|
|
758 | To be able to use sshd, you first need to set up your networking. Continue with |
|
|
759 | the chapter on <uri link="?part=1&chap=3">Configuring your Network</uri>. |
|
|
760 | </p> |
|
|
761 | |
|
|
762 | </body> |
|
|
763 | </subsection> |
|
|
764 | </section> |
482 | </section> |
765 | </sections> |
483 | </sections> |