1 |
<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?> |
2 |
<!DOCTYPE sections SYSTEM "/dtd/book.dtd"> |
3 |
|
4 |
<!-- The content of this document is licensed under the CC-BY-SA license --> |
5 |
<!-- See http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/1.0 --> |
6 |
|
7 |
<!-- $Header: /home/cvsroot/gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en/handbook/hb-install-ppc-medium.xml,v 1.2 2004/04/04 19:36:23 pylon Exp $ --> |
8 |
|
9 |
<sections> |
10 |
<section> |
11 |
<title>Hardware Requirements</title> |
12 |
<subsection> |
13 |
<title>Introduction</title> |
14 |
<body> |
15 |
|
16 |
<p> |
17 |
Before we start, we first list what hardware requirements you need to |
18 |
successfully install Gentoo on your box. This of course depends on your |
19 |
architecture. |
20 |
</p> |
21 |
|
22 |
</body> |
23 |
</subsection> |
24 |
<subsection> |
25 |
<title>The PPC Architecture</title> |
26 |
<body> |
27 |
|
28 |
<p> |
29 |
Check the following requirements before you |
30 |
continue with the Gentoo installation: |
31 |
</p> |
32 |
|
33 |
<ul> |
34 |
<li> |
35 |
You need at least 1 Gb of free disk space |
36 |
</li> |
37 |
<li> |
38 |
If you do not use prebuilt packages, you need at least 300 Mb of memory (RAM + |
39 |
swap) |
40 |
</li> |
41 |
<li> |
42 |
For the <e>PowerPC architecture</e>, you can install Gentoo/PPC on machines |
43 |
having a Power or PowerPC microprocessor, including but not limited to G3, G4 |
44 |
or G5 powered Apple computers such as the iMac, the iBook, the PowerBook, |
45 |
Xserve, PowerMac, ... We also provide limited support for oldworld systems, |
46 |
IBM (rs/6000, iSeries, zSeries, ...), Amiga and Pegasos systems. |
47 |
Be sure to read up on the <uri link="/doc/en/gentoo-ppc-faq.xml">Gentoo PPC |
48 |
FAQ</uri> too before you begin. |
49 |
</li> |
50 |
</ul> |
51 |
|
52 |
</body> |
53 |
</subsection> |
54 |
</section> |
55 |
<section> |
56 |
<title>Make your Choice</title> |
57 |
<subsection> |
58 |
<title>Introduction</title> |
59 |
<body> |
60 |
|
61 |
<p> |
62 |
Still interested in trying out Gentoo? Well, then it is now time to |
63 |
choose the installation medium you want to use. Yes, you have the |
64 |
choice, no, they are not all equal, and yes, the result is always the same: a |
65 |
Gentoo base system. |
66 |
</p> |
67 |
|
68 |
<p> |
69 |
The installation media we will describe are: |
70 |
</p> |
71 |
|
72 |
<ul> |
73 |
<li>Gentoo's Minimal LiveCD</li> |
74 |
<li>Gentoo's Universal LiveCD</li> |
75 |
</ul> |
76 |
|
77 |
<p> |
78 |
Every single media has its advantages and disadvantages. We will list |
79 |
the pros and cons of every medium so you have all the information to |
80 |
make a justified decision. But before we continue, let's explain our |
81 |
three-stage installation. |
82 |
</p> |
83 |
|
84 |
</body> |
85 |
</subsection> |
86 |
<subsection> |
87 |
<title>The Three Stages</title> |
88 |
<body> |
89 |
|
90 |
<p> |
91 |
Gentoo Linux can be installed using one of three <e>stage</e> tarball files. |
92 |
The one you choose depends on how much of the system you want to compile |
93 |
yourself. The <e>stage1</e> tarball is used when you want to bootstrap and |
94 |
build the entire system from scratch. The <e>stage2</e> tarball is used for |
95 |
building the entire system from a bootstrapped "semi-compiled" state. |
96 |
The <e>stage3</e> tarball already contains a basic Gentoo Linux system that has |
97 |
been built for you. As we will explain later, you can also install |
98 |
Gentoo without compiling anything (except your kernel and some optional |
99 |
packages). If you want this, you have to use a <e>stage3</e> tarball. |
100 |
</p> |
101 |
|
102 |
<p> |
103 |
Now what stage do you have to choose? |
104 |
</p> |
105 |
|
106 |
<p> |
107 |
Starting from a <e>stage1</e> allows you to have total control over the |
108 |
optimization settings and optional build-time functionality that is |
109 |
initially enabled on your system. This makes <e>stage1</e> installs good for |
110 |
power users who know what they are doing. It is also a great |
111 |
installation method for those who would like to know more about the |
112 |
inner workings of Gentoo Linux. |
113 |
</p> |
114 |
|
115 |
<table> |
116 |
<tr> |
117 |
<th>Stage1</th> |
118 |
<th>Pros and Cons</th> |
119 |
</tr> |
120 |
<tr> |
121 |
<th>+</th> |
122 |
<ti> |
123 |
Allows you to have total control over the optimization settings and optional |
124 |
build-time functionality that is initially enabled on your system |
125 |
</ti> |
126 |
</tr> |
127 |
<tr> |
128 |
<th>+</th> |
129 |
<ti>Suitable for powerusers that know what they are doing</ti> |
130 |
</tr> |
131 |
<tr> |
132 |
<th>+</th> |
133 |
<ti>Allows you to learn more about the inner workings of Gentoo</ti> |
134 |
</tr> |
135 |
<tr> |
136 |
<th>-</th> |
137 |
<ti>Takes a long time to finish the installation</ti> |
138 |
</tr> |
139 |
<tr> |
140 |
<th>-</th> |
141 |
<ti> |
142 |
If you don't intend to tweak the settings, it is probably a waste of time |
143 |
</ti> |
144 |
</tr> |
145 |
</table> |
146 |
|
147 |
<p> |
148 |
<e>Stage2</e> installs allow you to skip the bootstrap process and doing this |
149 |
is fine if you are happy with the optimization settings that we chose |
150 |
for your particular <e>stage2</e> tarball. |
151 |
</p> |
152 |
|
153 |
<table> |
154 |
<tr> |
155 |
<th>Stage2</th> |
156 |
<th>Pros and Cons</th> |
157 |
</tr> |
158 |
<tr> |
159 |
<th>+</th> |
160 |
<ti>You don't need to bootstrap</ti> |
161 |
</tr> |
162 |
<tr> |
163 |
<th>+</th> |
164 |
<ti>Faster than starting with stage1</ti> |
165 |
</tr> |
166 |
<tr> |
167 |
<th>+</th> |
168 |
<ti>You can still tweak your settings</ti> |
169 |
</tr> |
170 |
<tr> |
171 |
<th>-</th> |
172 |
<ti>You cannot tweak as much as with a stage1</ti> |
173 |
</tr> |
174 |
<tr> |
175 |
<th>-</th> |
176 |
<ti>It's not the fastest way to install Gentoo</ti> |
177 |
</tr> |
178 |
<tr> |
179 |
<th>-</th> |
180 |
<ti>You have to accept the optimizations we chose for the bootstrap</ti> |
181 |
</tr> |
182 |
</table> |
183 |
|
184 |
<p> |
185 |
Choosing to go with a <e>stage3</e> allows for the fastest install of Gentoo |
186 |
Linux, but also means that your base system will have the optimization |
187 |
settings that we chose for you (which to be honest, are good settings |
188 |
and were carefully chosen to enhance performance while maintaining |
189 |
stability). <e>stage3</e> is also required if you want to install Gentoo using |
190 |
prebuilt packages. |
191 |
</p> |
192 |
|
193 |
<table> |
194 |
<tr> |
195 |
<th>Stage3</th> |
196 |
<th>Pros and Cons</th> |
197 |
</tr> |
198 |
<tr> |
199 |
<th>+</th> |
200 |
<ti>Fastest way to get a Gentoo base system</ti> |
201 |
</tr> |
202 |
<tr> |
203 |
<th>-</th> |
204 |
<ti>You cannot tweak the base system - it's built already</ti> |
205 |
</tr> |
206 |
<tr> |
207 |
<th>-</th> |
208 |
<ti>You cannot brag about having used stage1 or stage2</ti> |
209 |
</tr> |
210 |
</table> |
211 |
|
212 |
<p> |
213 |
Write down (or remember) what stage you want to use. You need this later when |
214 |
you decide what LiveCD (or other installation medium) you want to use. You might |
215 |
be interested to know that, if you decide to use different optimization settings |
216 |
after having installed Gentoo, you will be able to recompile your entire system |
217 |
with the new optimization settings. |
218 |
</p> |
219 |
|
220 |
<p> |
221 |
Now take a look at the available installation media. |
222 |
</p> |
223 |
|
224 |
</body> |
225 |
</subsection> |
226 |
<subsection> |
227 |
<title>Gentoo LiveCDs</title> |
228 |
<body> |
229 |
|
230 |
<p> |
231 |
The <e>Gentoo LiveCDs</e> are bootable CDs which contain a |
232 |
self-sustained Gentoo environment. They allow you to boot Linux from the CD. |
233 |
During the boot process your hardware is detected and the appropriate drivers |
234 |
are loaded. They are maintained by Gentoo developers. |
235 |
</p> |
236 |
|
237 |
<p> |
238 |
All LiveCDs allow you to boot, setup networking, initialize your |
239 |
partitions and start installing Gentoo from the Internet. However, some |
240 |
LiveCDs also contain all necessary source code so you are able to install |
241 |
Gentoo without a working network configuration. |
242 |
</p> |
243 |
|
244 |
<p> |
245 |
Now what do these LiveCDs contain? |
246 |
</p> |
247 |
|
248 |
</body> |
249 |
</subsection> |
250 |
<subsection> |
251 |
<title>Gentoo's Minimal LiveCD</title> |
252 |
<body> |
253 |
|
254 |
<p> |
255 |
This is a small, no-nonsense, bootable CD which sole purpose is to boot the |
256 |
system, prepare the networking and continue with the Gentoo installation. It |
257 |
does not contain any stages (or, in some cases, a single stage1 file), |
258 |
source code or precompiled packages. For example the ppc variant of this |
259 |
LiveCD can be found in the <path>universal</path> subdirectory and is called |
260 |
<c>install-ppc-minimal-2004.0.iso</c>. |
261 |
</p> |
262 |
|
263 |
<table> |
264 |
<tr> |
265 |
<th>Minimal LiveCD</th> |
266 |
<th>Pros and Cons</th> |
267 |
</tr> |
268 |
<tr> |
269 |
<th>+</th> |
270 |
<ti>Smallest download</ti> |
271 |
</tr> |
272 |
<tr> |
273 |
<th>+</th> |
274 |
<ti>Suitable for a complete architecture</ti> |
275 |
</tr> |
276 |
<tr> |
277 |
<th>+</th> |
278 |
<ti> |
279 |
You can do a stage1, stage2 or stage3 by getting the stage tarball off the |
280 |
net |
281 |
</ti> |
282 |
</tr> |
283 |
<tr> |
284 |
<th>-</th> |
285 |
<ti> |
286 |
Contains no stages, no portage snapshot, no GRP packages and therefore not |
287 |
suitable for networkless installation |
288 |
</ti> |
289 |
</tr> |
290 |
</table> |
291 |
|
292 |
</body> |
293 |
</subsection> |
294 |
<subsection> |
295 |
<title>Gentoo's Universal LiveCD</title> |
296 |
<body> |
297 |
|
298 |
<p> |
299 |
Gentoo's Universal LiveCD is a bootable CD suitable to install Gentoo without |
300 |
networking. It contains a stage1 and several stage3 tarballs (optimized for the |
301 |
individual subarchitectures). For example the ppc variant of this CD is called |
302 |
<c>install-ppc-universal-2004.0.iso</c> and can be found in the |
303 |
<path>universal</path> subdirectory. |
304 |
</p> |
305 |
|
306 |
<p> |
307 |
If you take a closer look into our <path>livecd</path> directory you will see |
308 |
that some architectures provide <e>Gentoo Package CDs</e>. This CD (which isn't |
309 |
bootable) only contains precompiled packages and can be used to install software |
310 |
after a succesfull Gentoo Installation. To install Gentoo, you only |
311 |
need the Universal LiveCD, but if you want OpenOffice.org, Mozilla, KDE, GNOME |
312 |
etc. without having to compile every single one of them, you need the Packages |
313 |
CD too. For example the G4 (a subarchitecture of ppc) Packages CD is |
314 |
called <c>packages-g4-2004.0.iso</c> and can be found in the appropriate |
315 |
subdirectory (<path>g4/</path>). |
316 |
</p> |
317 |
|
318 |
<table> |
319 |
<tr> |
320 |
<th>Universal LiveCD with Packages CD</th> |
321 |
<th>Pros and Cons</th> |
322 |
</tr> |
323 |
<tr> |
324 |
<th>+</th> |
325 |
<ti>Packages CD is optimized to your architecture and subarchitecture</ti> |
326 |
</tr> |
327 |
<tr> |
328 |
<th>+</th> |
329 |
<ti> |
330 |
Packages CD provides precompiled packages for fast Gentoo installations |
331 |
</ti> |
332 |
</tr> |
333 |
<tr> |
334 |
<th>+</th> |
335 |
<ti> |
336 |
Contains everything you need. You can even install without a network |
337 |
connection. |
338 |
</ti> |
339 |
</tr> |
340 |
<tr> |
341 |
<th>-</th> |
342 |
<ti>Huge download</ti> |
343 |
</tr> |
344 |
</table> |
345 |
|
346 |
</body> |
347 |
</subsection> |
348 |
</section> |
349 |
<section> |
350 |
<title>Download, Burn and Boot a Gentoo LiveCD</title> |
351 |
<subsection> |
352 |
<title>Downloading and Burning the LiveCDs</title> |
353 |
<body> |
354 |
|
355 |
<p> |
356 |
You have chosen to use a Gentoo LiveCD (if not, then you are reading the |
357 |
wrong section). We'll first start by downloading and burning the chosen |
358 |
LiveCD. We previously discussed the several available LiveCDs, but where can you |
359 |
find them? |
360 |
</p> |
361 |
|
362 |
<p> |
363 |
Visit one of our <uri |
364 |
link="/main/en/mirrors.xml">mirrors</uri> and go to |
365 |
<path>releases/ppc/2004.0/livecd/universal</path>, which is |
366 |
the path where the LiveCD(s) of your choice are located. Inside that |
367 |
directory you'll find so-called ISO-files. Those are full CD images |
368 |
which you can write on a CD-R. |
369 |
</p> |
370 |
|
371 |
<p> |
372 |
In case you wonder if your downloaded file is corrupted or not, you can |
373 |
check its MD5 checksum and compare it with the MD5 checksum we provide (such as |
374 |
<path>install-ppc-minimal-2004.0.iso.md5</path>). You can check the MD5 checksum |
375 |
with the <c>md5sum</c> tool under Linux/Unix or <uri |
376 |
link="http://www.md5summer.org">md5summer</uri> for Windows. |
377 |
</p> |
378 |
|
379 |
<p> |
380 |
To burn the downloaded ISO(s), you have to select raw-burning. How you |
381 |
do this is highly program-dependent. We will discuss a couple of popular |
382 |
tools on how to do this. |
383 |
</p> |
384 |
|
385 |
<ul> |
386 |
<li> |
387 |
With EasyCD Creator you select <c>File</c>, <c>Record CD |
388 |
from CD image</c>. Then you change the <c>Files of type</c> to <c>ISO image |
389 |
file</c>. Then locate the ISO file and click <c>Open</c>. When you click on |
390 |
<c>Start recording</c> the ISO image will be burned correctly onto the CD-R. |
391 |
</li> |
392 |
<li> |
393 |
With Nero Burning ROM, select <c>File</c>, <c>Burn CD image</c>. Set the |
394 |
type of file to <c>*.*</c> and select the ISO file. Older versions of Nero |
395 |
will tell you they don't recognize the format -- confirm here, it does |
396 |
recognize it but doesn't know it yet :) In the next dialog, set the |
397 |
following parameters: |
398 |
<ul> |
399 |
<li>Type of image: <c>Data Mode 1</c></li> |
400 |
<li>Block size: <c>2048 bytes</c></li> |
401 |
<li>File precursor and length of the image trailer: <c>0 bytes</c></li> |
402 |
<li>Scrambled: <c>no</c></li> |
403 |
<li>Swapped: <c>no</c></li> |
404 |
</ul> |
405 |
Now click on <c>OK</c> and then <c>Burn</c> (the CD-R) |
406 |
</li> |
407 |
<li> |
408 |
With cdrecord, you simply type <c>cdrecord dev=/dev/hdc</c> (replace |
409 |
<path>/dev/hdc</path> with your CD-RW drive's device path) followed |
410 |
by the path to the ISO file :) |
411 |
</li> |
412 |
<li> |
413 |
With K3B, select <c>Tools</c> > <c>CD</c> > <c>Burn Image</c>. The |
414 |
under the 'Image to Burn' area, locate the ISO file. Finally click |
415 |
<c>Start</c>. |
416 |
</li> |
417 |
<li> |
418 |
With Mac OS X Panther, launch <c>Disk Utility</c> from |
419 |
<path>Applications/Utilities</path>, select <c>Open</c> from the |
420 |
<c>Images</c> menu, select the mounted disk image in the main window and |
421 |
select <c>Burn</c> in the <c>Images</c> menu. |
422 |
</li> |
423 |
<li> |
424 |
With Mac OS X Jaguar, launch <c>Disk Copy</c> from |
425 |
<path>Applications/Utilities</path>, select <c>Burn Image</c> from the |
426 |
<c>File</c> menu, select the ISO and click the <c>Burn</c> button. |
427 |
</li> |
428 |
</ul> |
429 |
|
430 |
</body> |
431 |
</subsection> |
432 |
<subsection> |
433 |
<title>Booting the PPC LiveCD(s)</title> |
434 |
<body> |
435 |
|
436 |
<p> |
437 |
Place the LiveCD in the CD-ROM and reboot the system. Hold down the 'C' key at |
438 |
bootup (or run an OldWorld bootloader like BootX or quik). You will be greeted |
439 |
by a friendly welcome message and a <e>boot:</e> prompt at the bottom of the |
440 |
screen. |
441 |
</p> |
442 |
|
443 |
<p> |
444 |
At this prompt you are able to select a kernel for the subarchitecture you use. |
445 |
We provide <c>G3</c>, <c>G3-SMP</c>, <c>G4</c>, <c>G4-SMP</c>, <c>G5</c> and |
446 |
<c>G5-SMP</c>. The various <c>-SMP</c> kernels are needed if your system has |
447 |
multiple CPUs. |
448 |
</p> |
449 |
|
450 |
<p> |
451 |
You are also able to tweak some kernel options at this prompt. The following |
452 |
table lists the available boot options you can add: |
453 |
</p> |
454 |
|
455 |
<table> |
456 |
<tr> |
457 |
<th>Boot Option</th> |
458 |
<th>Description</th> |
459 |
</tr> |
460 |
<tr> |
461 |
<ti><c>video</c></ti> |
462 |
<ti> |
463 |
This option takes one of the following vendor-specific tags: |
464 |
<c>radeonfb</c>, <c>rivafb</c>, <c>atyfb</c>, <c>aty128</c> or |
465 |
<c>ofonly</c>. You can follow this tag with the resolution and refreshrate |
466 |
you want to use. For instance <c>video=radeonfb:1280x1024@75</c>. If you are |
467 |
uncertain what to choose, <c>ofonly</c> will most certainly work. |
468 |
</ti> |
469 |
</tr> |
470 |
<tr> |
471 |
<ti><c>nol3</c></ti> |
472 |
<ti> |
473 |
Disables level 3 cache on some powerbooks (needed for at least the 17'') |
474 |
</ti> |
475 |
</tr> |
476 |
<tr> |
477 |
<ti><c>debug</c></ti> |
478 |
<ti> |
479 |
Enables verbose booting, spawns an initrd shell that can be used to debug |
480 |
the LiveCD |
481 |
</ti> |
482 |
</tr> |
483 |
</table> |
484 |
|
485 |
<p> |
486 |
At this prompt, hit enter, and a complete Gentoo Linux environment will be |
487 |
loaded from the CD. If you experience problems booting, choose the <c>-safe</c> |
488 |
option at boot. The safe option passes the following extra arguments to the |
489 |
kernel: <c>append="video=ofonly nol3 init=/linuxrc"</c>. |
490 |
</p> |
491 |
|
492 |
<p> |
493 |
When the LiveCD is booted, you will be greeted with a login prompt. Log on as |
494 |
<c>root</c> (you don't need to enter a password). |
495 |
</p> |
496 |
|
497 |
<pre caption="Logging on onto the LiveCD"> |
498 |
login: <i>root</i> |
499 |
</pre> |
500 |
|
501 |
<p> |
502 |
You should have a root ("#") prompt on the current console and can also switch |
503 |
to other consoles by pressing Alt-fn-F2, Alt-fn-F3 and Alt-fn-F4. Get back to |
504 |
the one you started on by pressing Alt-fn-F1. |
505 |
</p> |
506 |
|
507 |
<p> |
508 |
If you are installing Gentoo on a system with a non-US keyboard, use |
509 |
<c>loadkeys</c> to load the keymap for your keyboard. To list the available |
510 |
keymaps, execute <c>ls /usr/share/keymaps/i386</c>. |
511 |
</p> |
512 |
|
513 |
<pre caption="Listing available keymaps"> |
514 |
<comment>(PPC uses x86 keymaps on most systems. The mac/ppc keymaps provided |
515 |
on the LiveCD are ADB keymaps and unusable with the LiveCD kernel)</comment> |
516 |
# <i>ls /usr/share/keymaps/i386</i> |
517 |
</pre> |
518 |
|
519 |
<p> |
520 |
Now load the keymap of your choice: |
521 |
</p> |
522 |
|
523 |
<pre caption="Loading a keymap"> |
524 |
# <i>loadkeys be2-latin1</i> |
525 |
</pre> |
526 |
|
527 |
<p> |
528 |
Now continue with <uri link="#hardware">Extra Hardware Configuration</uri>. |
529 |
</p> |
530 |
|
531 |
</body> |
532 |
</subsection> |
533 |
<subsection id="hardware"> |
534 |
<title>Extra Hardware Configuration</title> |
535 |
<body> |
536 |
|
537 |
<p> |
538 |
When the Live CD boots, it tries to detect all your hardware devices and |
539 |
loads the appropriate kernel modules to support your hardware. In the |
540 |
vast majority of cases, it does a very good job. However, in some cases (the |
541 |
SPARC LiveCDs don't even do autodetection), it may not auto-load the kernel |
542 |
modules you need. If the PCI auto-detection missed some of your system's |
543 |
hardware, you will have to load the appropriate kernel modules manually. |
544 |
</p> |
545 |
|
546 |
<p> |
547 |
In the next example we try to load the <c>8139too</c> module (support for |
548 |
certain kinds of network interfaces): |
549 |
</p> |
550 |
|
551 |
<pre caption="Loading kernel modules"> |
552 |
# <i>modprobe 8139too</i> |
553 |
</pre> |
554 |
|
555 |
<p> |
556 |
For instance, some PPC users might want to load <c>airport</c> or |
557 |
<c>sungem</c> (10/100 Mbit for most powerbooks). Thermal management for G5 is |
558 |
supported through the <c>therm_pm72</c> module. |
559 |
</p> |
560 |
|
561 |
</body> |
562 |
</subsection> |
563 |
<subsection> |
564 |
<title>Optional: Tweaking Hard Disk Performance</title> |
565 |
<body> |
566 |
|
567 |
<p> |
568 |
If you are an advanced user, you might want to tweak the IDE hard disk |
569 |
performance using <c>hdparm</c>. With the <c>-tT</c> options you can |
570 |
test the performance of your disk (execute it several times to get a |
571 |
more precise impression): |
572 |
</p> |
573 |
|
574 |
<pre caption="Testing disk performance"> |
575 |
# <i>hdparm -tT /dev/hda</i> |
576 |
</pre> |
577 |
|
578 |
<p> |
579 |
To tweak, you can use any of the following examples (or experiment |
580 |
yourself) which use <path>/dev/hda</path> as disk (substitute with your |
581 |
disk): |
582 |
</p> |
583 |
|
584 |
<pre caption="Tweaking hard disk performance"> |
585 |
<comment>Activate DMA:</comment> # <i>hdparm -d 1 /dev/hda</i> |
586 |
<comment>Activate DMA + Safe Performance-enhancing Options:</comment> # <i>hdparm -d 1 -A 1 -m 16 -u 1 -a 64 /dev/hda</i> |
587 |
</pre> |
588 |
|
589 |
</body> |
590 |
</subsection> |
591 |
<subsection> |
592 |
<title>Optional: User Accounts</title> |
593 |
<body> |
594 |
|
595 |
<p> |
596 |
If you plan on giving other people access to your installation |
597 |
environment or you want to chat using <c>irssi</c> without root privileges (for |
598 |
security reasons), you need to create the necessary user accounts and change |
599 |
the root password. |
600 |
</p> |
601 |
|
602 |
<p> |
603 |
To change the root password, use the <c>passwd</c> utility: |
604 |
</p> |
605 |
|
606 |
<pre caption="Changing the root password"> |
607 |
# <i>passwd</i> |
608 |
New password: <comment>(Enter your new password)</comment> |
609 |
Re-enter password: <comment>(Re-enter your password)</comment> |
610 |
</pre> |
611 |
|
612 |
<p> |
613 |
To create a user account, we first enter his credentials, followed by |
614 |
its password. We use <c>useradd</c> and <c>passwd</c> for these tasks. |
615 |
In the next example, we create a user called "john". |
616 |
</p> |
617 |
|
618 |
<pre caption="Creating a user account"> |
619 |
# <i>useradd john</i> |
620 |
# <i>passwd john</i> |
621 |
New password: <comment>(Enter john's password)</comment> |
622 |
Re-enter password: <comment>(Re-enter john's password)</comment> |
623 |
</pre> |
624 |
|
625 |
<p> |
626 |
You can change your user id from root to the newly created user by using |
627 |
<c>su</c>: |
628 |
</p> |
629 |
|
630 |
<pre caption="Changing user id"> |
631 |
# <i>su john -</i> |
632 |
</pre> |
633 |
|
634 |
</body> |
635 |
</subsection> |
636 |
<subsection> |
637 |
<title>Optional: Starting the SSH Daemon</title> |
638 |
<body> |
639 |
|
640 |
<p> |
641 |
If you want to allow other users to access your computer during the |
642 |
Gentoo installation (perhaps because those users are going to help you |
643 |
install Gentoo, or even do it for you), you need to create a user |
644 |
account for them and perhaps even provide them with your root password |
645 |
(<e>only</e> do that <e>if</e> you <b>fully trust</b> that user). |
646 |
</p> |
647 |
|
648 |
<p> |
649 |
To fire up the SSH daemon, execute the following command: |
650 |
</p> |
651 |
|
652 |
<pre caption="Starting the SSH daemon"> |
653 |
# <i>/etc/init.d/sshd start</i> |
654 |
</pre> |
655 |
|
656 |
<p> |
657 |
To be able to use sshd, you first need to setup your networking. Continue with |
658 |
the chapter on <uri link="?part=1&chap=3">Configuring your Network</uri>. |
659 |
</p> |
660 |
|
661 |
</body> |
662 |
</subsection> |
663 |
</section> |
664 |
</sections> |