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<?xml version='1.0' encoding="UTF-8"?> |
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<!-- $Header: /var/cvsroot/gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en/nvidia-guide.xml,v 1.32 2006/09/02 10:19:23 nightmorph Exp $ --> |
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<!DOCTYPE guide SYSTEM "/dtd/guide.dtd"> |
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|
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<guide link="/doc/en/nvidia-guide.xml"> |
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<title>Gentoo Linux nVidia Guide</title> |
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|
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<author title="Author"> |
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<mail link="swift@gentoo.org">Sven Vermeulen</mail> |
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</author> |
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<author title="Editor"> |
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<mail link="curtis119@gentoo.org">M Curtis Napier</mail> |
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</author> |
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<author title="Editor"> |
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<mail link="nightmorph@gentoo.org">Joshua Saddler</mail> |
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</author> |
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<author title="Editor"> |
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<mail link="wolf31o2@gentoo.org">Chris Gianelloni</mail> |
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</author> |
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|
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<abstract> |
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Many Gentooists have an nVidia chipset on their system. nVidia provides specific |
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Linux drivers to boost the performance of your card. This guide informs you how |
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to install and configure these drivers. |
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</abstract> |
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|
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<!-- The content of this document is licensed under the CC-BY-SA license --> |
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<!-- See http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5 --> |
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<license/> |
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|
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<version>1.28</version> |
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<date>2006-10-23</date> |
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|
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<chapter> |
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<title>Introduction</title> |
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<section> |
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<body> |
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|
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<p> |
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nVidia release their own Linux drivers which provide good performance and full |
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3D acceleration. There are two drivers in Portage. <c>nvidia-drivers</c> is for |
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newer nVidia graphics cards, while <c>nvidia-legacy-drivers</c> supports older |
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cards. |
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</p> |
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|
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<note> |
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Previously, Gentoo provided separate ebuilds for the nVidia kernel module |
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(<c>nvidia-kernel</c>) and the X11 GLX libraries (<c>nvidia-glx</c>). These |
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ebuilds have since been removed from the Portage tree in favor of |
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<c>nvidia-drivers</c> and <c>nvidia-legacy-drivers</c>. If you use |
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<c>nvidia-kernel</c> and <c>nvidia-glx</c>, then you should migrate to the |
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newer packages. |
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</note> |
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|
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</body> |
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</section> |
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</chapter> |
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|
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<chapter> |
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<title>Configuring your Card</title> |
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<section> |
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<title>Kernel Configuration</title> |
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<body> |
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|
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<p> |
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As mentioned above, the nVidia kernel driver installs and runs against your |
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current kernel. It builds as a module, so it makes sense that your kernel must |
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support the loading of kernel modules. If you used <c>genkernel</c> to |
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configure the kernel for you then you're all set. If not, double check your |
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kernel configuration so that this support is enabled: |
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</p> |
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|
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<pre caption="Enabling the Loading of Kernel Modules"> |
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Loadable module support ---> |
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[*] Enable loadable module support |
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</pre> |
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|
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<p> |
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You also need to enable <e>Memory Type Range Register</e> in your kernel: |
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</p> |
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|
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<pre caption="Enabling MTRR"> |
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Processor and Features ---> |
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[*] MTRR (Memory Type Range Register) support |
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</pre> |
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|
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<p> Also, if you have an AGP graphics card, you can optionally enable |
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<c>agpgart</c> support to your kernel, either compiled in or as a module. If |
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you do not use the in-kernel agpgart, then the drivers will use their own |
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<c>agpgart</c> implementation, called <c>NvAGP</c>. On certain systems, this |
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performs better than the in-kernel agpgart, and on others, it performs worse. |
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You will need to evaluate this on your own system to get the best performance. |
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If you are unsure what to do, use the in-kernel agpgart: |
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</p> |
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|
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<pre caption="Enabling agpgart"> |
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Device Drivers ---> |
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Character devices ---> |
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<*> /dev/agpgart (AGP Support) |
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</pre> |
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|
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</body> |
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</section> |
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<section> |
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<title>Arch-specific notes</title> |
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<body> |
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|
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<impo> |
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For x86 and AMD64 processors, the in-kernel driver conflicts with the binary |
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driver provided by nVidia. If you will be compiling your kernel for these CPUs, |
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you must completely remove support for the in-kernel driver as shown: |
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</impo> |
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|
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<pre caption="Remove the in-kernel driver"> |
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Device Drivers ---> |
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Graphics Support ---> |
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< > nVidia Framebuffer Support |
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< > nVidia Riva support |
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</pre> |
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|
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<p> |
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A good framebuffer alternative is <c>VESA</c>: |
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</p> |
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|
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<pre caption="Enable VESA support"> |
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Device Drivers ---> |
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Graphics Support ---> |
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<*> VESA VGA graphics support |
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</pre> |
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|
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<p> |
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Then, under "VESA driver type" select either <c>vesafb</c> or |
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<c>vesafb-tng</c>. If you are using an AMD64 processor, you should select |
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<c>vesafb</c> rather than <c>vesafb-tng</c>: |
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</p> |
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|
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<pre caption="Select framebuffer type"> |
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(X) vesafb |
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( ) vesafb-tng |
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</pre> |
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|
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<p> |
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For more information, you can read up |
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<path>/usr/src/linux/Documentation/fb/vesafb.txt</path> if you are using |
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<c>vesafb</c> or look for your framebuffer documentation under |
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<path>/usr/src/linux/Documentation/fb/</path>. |
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</p> |
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|
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</body> |
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</section> |
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<section> |
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<title>Continuing with Kernel Configuration</title> |
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<body> |
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|
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<p> |
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The <c>nvidia-drivers</c> and <c>nvidia-legacy-drivers</c> ebuilds |
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automatically discover your kernel version based on the |
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<path>/usr/src/linux</path> symlink. Please ensure that you have this symlink |
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pointing to the correct sources and that your kernel is correctly configured. |
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Please refer to the Configuring the Kernel section of the <uri |
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link="/doc/en/handbook/">Installation Handbook</uri> for details on configuring |
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your kernel. |
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</p> |
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|
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<p> |
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If you are using gentoo-sources-2.6.11-r6, your <path>/usr/src</path> directory |
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might look something like this: |
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</p> |
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|
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<pre caption="Check your /usr/src/linux symlink"> |
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# <i>cd /usr/src</i> |
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# <i>ls -l</i> |
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<comment>(Check that linux points to the right directory)</comment> |
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lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 22 Apr 23 18:33 linux -> linux-2.6.11-gentoo-r6 |
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drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 120 Apr 8 18:56 linux-2.4.26-gentoo-r4 |
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drwxr-xr-x 18 root root 664 Dec 31 16:09 linux-2.6.10 |
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drwxr-xr-x 18 root root 632 Mar 3 12:27 linux-2.6.11 |
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drwxr-xr-x 19 root root 4096 Mar 16 22:00 linux-2.6.11-gentoo-r6 |
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</pre> |
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|
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<p> |
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In the above output, you'll notice that the <c>linux</c> symlink is pointing |
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to the <c>linux-2.6.11-gentoo-r6</c> kernel. |
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</p> |
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|
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<p> |
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If the symlink is not pointing to the correct sources, you must update the link |
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like this: |
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</p> |
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|
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<pre caption="Create/Update /usr/src/linux symlink"> |
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# <i>cd /usr/src</i> |
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# <i>ln -snf linux-2.6.11-gentoo-r6 linux</i> |
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</pre> |
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|
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</body> |
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</section> |
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<section> |
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<title>Optional: Check for Legacy Card Support</title> |
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<body> |
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|
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<note> |
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Unfortunately, certain legacy video cards are not supported by the newer |
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versions of <c>nvidia-drivers</c>. nVidia provides a <uri |
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link="http://www.nvidia.com/object/IO_18897.html">list of supported |
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cards</uri>. Please check the list before installing the drivers. |
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</note> |
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|
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<p> |
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The following is a list of <b>unsupported</b> legacy video cards: |
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</p> |
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|
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<pre caption="Unsupported cards"> |
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TNT2 |
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TNT2 Pro |
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TNT2 Ultra |
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TNT2 Model 64 (M64) |
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TNT2 Model 64 (M64) Pro |
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Vanta |
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Vanta LT |
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GeForce 256 |
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GeForce DDR |
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GeForce2 GTS |
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GeForce2 Pro |
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GeForce2 Ti |
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GeForce2 Ultra |
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GeForce2 MX Integrated graphics |
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Quadro |
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Quadro2 Pro |
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Quadro2 EX |
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</pre> |
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|
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<p> |
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If your card is listed in the legacy list, then you will be required to install |
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the <c>nvidia-legacy-drivers</c> package to get 3D support. |
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</p> |
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|
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</body> |
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</section> |
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<section> |
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<title>Installing the Appropriate Drivers</title> |
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<body> |
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|
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<p> |
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Now it's time to install the drivers. |
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</p> |
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|
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<pre caption="Installing the nVidia drivers"> |
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<comment>(If you have a card not listed in the legacy list above)</comment> |
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# <i>emerge nvidia-drivers</i> |
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<comment>(If your card is listed in the legacy list)</comment> |
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# <i>emerge nvidia-legacy-drivers</i> |
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</pre> |
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|
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<impo> |
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Every time you <uri link="/doc/en/kernel-upgrade.xml">compile a new |
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kernel</uri> or recompile the current one, you will need to run <c>emerge |
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nvidia-drivers</c> or <c>emerge nvidia-legacy-drivers</c> to reinstall the |
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nVidia modules. |
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</impo> |
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|
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<p> |
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Once the installation has finished, run <c>modprobe nvidia</c> to load the |
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kernel module into memory. If this is an upgrade, you should remove the |
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previous module first. |
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</p> |
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|
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<pre caption="Loading the kernel module"> |
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# <i>lsmod | grep nvidia && rmmod nvidia</i> |
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# <i>modprobe nvidia</i> |
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</pre> |
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|
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<p> |
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To prevent you having to manually load the module on every bootup, you probably |
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want to have this done automatically each time you boot your system, so edit |
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<path>/etc/modules.autoload.d/kernel-2.6</path> (or <path>kernel-2.4</path>, |
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depending on which kernel version you use) and add <c>nvidia</c> to it. Don't |
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forget to run <c>modules-update</c> afterwards. |
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</p> |
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|
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<impo> |
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If you compiled <c>agpgart</c> as a module, you will need to add it to |
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<path>/etc/modules.autoload.d/kernel-2.6</path> (or <path>kernel-2.4</path> |
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depending on your kernel version). |
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</impo> |
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|
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<pre caption="Running modules-update"> |
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# <i>modules-update</i> |
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</pre> |
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|
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</body> |
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</section> |
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<section> |
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<title>Configuring the X Server</title> |
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<body> |
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|
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<p> |
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Once the appropriate drivers are installed you need to configure your X Server |
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to use the <c>nvidia</c> driver instead of the default <c>nv</c> driver. |
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</p> |
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|
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<p> |
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Open <path>/etc/X11/xorg.conf</path> with your favorite editor (such as |
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<c>nano</c> or <c>vim</c>) and go to the <c>Device</c> section. In that |
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section, change the <c>Driver</c> line: |
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</p> |
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|
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<pre caption="Changing nv to nvidia in the X Server configuration"> |
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Section "Device" |
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Identifier "nVidia Inc. GeForce2" |
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<i>Driver "nvidia"</i> |
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VideoRam 65536 |
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EndSection |
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</pre> |
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|
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<p> |
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Then go to the <c>Module</c> section and make sure the <c>glx</c> module gets |
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loaded while the <c>dri</c> module doesn't: |
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</p> |
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|
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<pre caption="Updating the Module section"> |
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Section "Module" |
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<comment>(...)</comment> |
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<i># Load "dri" |
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Load "glx"</i> |
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<comment>(...)</comment> |
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EndSection |
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</pre> |
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|
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<p> |
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Next, in section <c>Screen</c>, make sure that either the <c>DefaultDepth</c> |
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directive is set to 16 or 24, or that you only have <c>Display</c> subsections |
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with <c>Depth</c> settings of 16 or 24. Without it, the nVidia GLX extensions |
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will not start. |
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</p> |
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|
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<pre caption="Updating the Screen section"> |
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Section "Screen" |
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<comment>(...)</comment> |
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<i>DefaultDepth 16</i> |
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Subsection "Display" |
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<comment>(...)</comment> |
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EndSection |
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</pre> |
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|
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<p> |
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Run <c>eselect</c> so that the X Server uses the nVidia GLX libraries: |
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</p> |
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|
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<pre caption="Running eselect"> |
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# <i>eselect opengl set nvidia</i> |
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</pre> |
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|
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</body> |
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</section> |
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<section> |
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<title>Adding your Users to the video Group</title> |
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<body> |
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|
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<p> |
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You have to add your user to the <c>video</c> group so he has access to the |
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nvidia device files: |
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</p> |
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|
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<pre caption="Adding your user to the video group"> |
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# <i>gpasswd -a youruser video</i> |
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</pre> |
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|
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<p> |
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This might not be totally necessary if you aren't using <c>udev</c> but it |
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doesn't hurt either and makes your system future-proof. |
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</p> |
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|
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</body> |
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</section> |
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<section> |
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<title>Testing your Card</title> |
| 378 |
<body> |
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|
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<p> |
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To test your nVidia card, fire up X and run the <c>glxinfo | grep direct</c> |
| 382 |
command. It should say that direct rendering is activated: |
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</p> |
| 384 |
|
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<pre caption="Checking the direct rendering status"> |
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$ <i>glxinfo | grep direct</i> |
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direct rendering: Yes |
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</pre> |
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|
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<p> |
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To monitor your FPS, run <c>glxgears</c>. |
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</p> |
| 393 |
|
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</body> |
| 395 |
</section> |
| 396 |
<section> |
| 397 |
<title>Enabling nvidia Support</title> |
| 398 |
<body> |
| 399 |
|
| 400 |
<p> |
| 401 |
Some tools, such as <c>mplayer</c> and <c>xine-lib</c>, use a local USE flag |
| 402 |
called "nvidia" which enables XvMCNVIDIA support, useful when watching high |
| 403 |
resolution movies. Add in "nvidia" in your USE variable in |
| 404 |
<path>/etc/make.conf</path> or add it as USE flag to <c>media-video/mplayer</c> |
| 405 |
and/or <c>media-libs/xine-lib</c> in <path>/etc/portage/package.use</path>. |
| 406 |
</p> |
| 407 |
|
| 408 |
<p> |
| 409 |
Then, run <c>emerge -uD --newuse world</c> to rebuild the applications that |
| 410 |
benefit from the USE flag change. |
| 411 |
</p> |
| 412 |
|
| 413 |
</body> |
| 414 |
</section> |
| 415 |
<section> |
| 416 |
<title>Using NVidia Settings Tool</title> |
| 417 |
<body> |
| 418 |
|
| 419 |
<p> |
| 420 |
Since nVidia released version 1.0.6106 it also provides you with a settings |
| 421 |
tool. This tool allows you to change graphical settings without restarting the |
| 422 |
X server and is available through Portage as |
| 423 |
<c>media-video/nvidia-settings</c>. |
| 424 |
</p> |
| 425 |
|
| 426 |
</body> |
| 427 |
</section> |
| 428 |
</chapter> |
| 429 |
|
| 430 |
<chapter> |
| 431 |
<title>Troubleshooting</title> |
| 432 |
<section> |
| 433 |
<title>Getting 2D to work on machines with 4Gb or more memory</title> |
| 434 |
<body> |
| 435 |
|
| 436 |
<p> |
| 437 |
If you are having troubles with the nVidia 2D acceleration it is likely that |
| 438 |
you are unable to set up a write-combining range with MTRR. To verify, check |
| 439 |
the contents of <path>/proc/mtrr</path>: |
| 440 |
</p> |
| 441 |
|
| 442 |
<pre caption="Checking if you have write-combining enabled"> |
| 443 |
# <i>cat /proc/mtrr</i> |
| 444 |
</pre> |
| 445 |
|
| 446 |
<p> |
| 447 |
Every line should contain "write-back" or "write-combining". If you see a line |
| 448 |
with "uncachable" in it you will need to change a BIOS setting to fix this. |
| 449 |
</p> |
| 450 |
|
| 451 |
<p> |
| 452 |
Reboot and enter the BIOS, then find the MTRR settings (probably under "CPU |
| 453 |
Settings"). Change the setting from "continuous" to "discrete" and boot back |
| 454 |
into Linux. You will now find out that there is no "uncachable" entry anymore |
| 455 |
and 2D acceleration now works without any glitches. |
| 456 |
</p> |
| 457 |
|
| 458 |
</body> |
| 459 |
</section> |
| 460 |
<section> |
| 461 |
<title> |
| 462 |
When I attempt to load the kernel module I receive a "no such device" |
| 463 |
</title> |
| 464 |
<body> |
| 465 |
|
| 466 |
<p> |
| 467 |
This usually occurs when you don't have a matching video card. Make sure that |
| 468 |
you have an nVidia-powered graphical card (you can double-check this using |
| 469 |
<c>lspci</c>). |
| 470 |
</p> |
| 471 |
|
| 472 |
<p> |
| 473 |
If you are confident that you have an nVidia card, check your BIOS and see if |
| 474 |
the directive <e>Assign IRQ to VGA</e> is set. |
| 475 |
</p> |
| 476 |
|
| 477 |
</body> |
| 478 |
</section> |
| 479 |
</chapter> |
| 480 |
|
| 481 |
<chapter> |
| 482 |
<title>Expert Configuration</title> |
| 483 |
<section> |
| 484 |
<title>Documentation</title> |
| 485 |
<body> |
| 486 |
|
| 487 |
<p> |
| 488 |
The nVidia driver package also comes with comprehensive documentation. This is |
| 489 |
installed into <c>/usr/share/doc</c> and can be viewed with the following |
| 490 |
command: |
| 491 |
</p> |
| 492 |
|
| 493 |
<pre caption="Viewing the NVIDIA documentation"> |
| 494 |
<comment>(for nvidia-drivers)</comment> |
| 495 |
$ <i>less /usr/share/doc/nvidia-drivers-*/README.gz</i> |
| 496 |
<comment>(for nvidia-legacy-drivers)</comment> |
| 497 |
$ <i>less /usr/share/doc/nvidia-legacy-drivers-*/README.gz</i> |
| 498 |
</pre> |
| 499 |
|
| 500 |
</body> |
| 501 |
</section> |
| 502 |
<section> |
| 503 |
<title>Kernel module parameters</title> |
| 504 |
<body> |
| 505 |
|
| 506 |
<p> |
| 507 |
The <c>nvidia</c> kernel module accepts a number of parameters (options) which |
| 508 |
you can use to tweak the behaviour of the driver. Most of these are mentioned in |
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the documentation. To add or change the values of these parameters, edit the |
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file <c>/etc/modules.d/nvidia</c>. Remember to run <c>modules-update</c> after |
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modifying this file, and bear in mind that you will need to reload the |
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<c>nvidia</c> module before the new settings take effect. |
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</p> |
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|
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<pre caption="Adjusting nvidia options"> |
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<comment>(Edit /etc/modules.d/nvidia in your favourite editor)</comment> |
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# <i>nano -w /etc/modules.d/nvidia</i> |
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<comment>(Update module information)</comment> |
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# <i>modules-update</i> |
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<comment>(Unload the nvidia module...)</comment> |
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# <i>modprobe -r nvidia</i> |
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<comment>(...and load it once again)</comment> |
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# <i>modprobe nvidia</i> |
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</pre> |
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|
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</body> |
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</section> |
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<section> |
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<title>Advanced X configuration</title> |
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<body> |
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|
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<p> |
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The GLX layer also has a plethora of options which can be configured. These |
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control the configuration of TV out, dual displays, monitor frequency detection, |
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etc. Again, all of the available options are detailed in the documentation. |
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</p> |
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|
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<p> |
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If you wish to use any of these options, you need to list them in the relevant |
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Device section of your X config file (usually <c>/etc/X11/xorg.conf</c>). For |
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example, suppose I wanted to disable the splash logo: |
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</p> |
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|
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<pre caption="Advanced nvidia configuration in the X configuration"> |
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Section "Device" |
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Identifier "nVidia Inc. GeForce2" |
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Driver "nvidia" |
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<i>Option "NoLogo" "true"</i> |
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VideoRam 65536 |
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EndSection |
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</pre> |
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|
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</body> |
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</section> |
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</chapter> |
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|
| 557 |
</guide> |
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