1 | <?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?> |
1 | <?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?> |
2 | <!DOCTYPE guide SYSTEM "/dtd/guide.dtd"> |
2 | <!DOCTYPE guide SYSTEM "/dtd/guide.dtd"> |
3 | <!-- $Header: /var/cvsroot/gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en/xorg-config.xml,v 1.30 2009/06/10 18:28:53 nightmorph Exp $ --> |
3 | <!-- $Header: /var/cvsroot/gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en/xorg-config.xml,v 1.31 2009/10/02 07:37:57 nightmorph Exp $ --> |
4 | |
4 | |
5 | <guide link="/doc/en/xorg-config.xml"> |
5 | <guide link="/doc/en/xorg-config.xml"> |
6 | <title>The X Server Configuration HOWTO</title> |
6 | <title>The X Server Configuration HOWTO</title> |
7 | |
7 | |
8 | <author title="Author"> |
8 | <author title="Author"> |
9 | <mail link="swift@gentoo.org">Sven Vermeulen</mail> |
9 | <mail link="swift@gentoo.org">Sven Vermeulen</mail> |
10 | </author> |
10 | </author> |
11 | <author title="Editor"> |
11 | <author title="Author"> |
12 | <mail link="nightmorph"/> |
12 | <mail link="nightmorph"/> |
13 | </author> |
13 | </author> |
14 | |
14 | |
15 | <abstract> |
15 | <abstract> |
16 | Xorg is the X Window server which allows users to have a graphical |
16 | Xorg is the X Window server which allows users to have a graphical |
17 | environment at their fingertips. This HOWTO explains what Xorg is, how to |
17 | environment at their fingertips. This HOWTO explains what Xorg is, how to |
18 | install it and what the various configuration options are. |
18 | install it and what the various configuration options are. |
19 | </abstract> |
19 | </abstract> |
20 | |
20 | |
21 | <!-- The content of this document is licensed under the CC-BY-SA license --> |
21 | <!-- The content of this document is licensed under the CC-BY-SA license --> |
22 | <!-- See http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5 --> |
22 | <!-- See http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5 --> |
23 | <license/> |
23 | <license/> |
24 | |
24 | |
25 | <version>1.21</version> |
25 | <version>1.22</version> |
26 | <date>2009-06-10</date> |
26 | <date>2009-10-02</date> |
27 | |
27 | |
28 | <chapter> |
28 | <chapter> |
29 | <title>What is the X Window Server?</title> |
29 | <title>What is the X Window Server?</title> |
30 | <section> |
30 | <section> |
31 | <title>Graphical vs Command-Line</title> |
31 | <title>Graphical vs Command-Line</title> |
32 | <body> |
32 | <body> |
33 | |
33 | |
34 | <p> |
34 | <p> |
35 | The average user may be frightened at the thought of having to type in commands. |
35 | The average user may be frightened at the thought of having to type in commands. |
36 | Why wouldn't he be able to point and click his way through the freedom provided |
36 | Why wouldn't he be able to point and click his way through the freedom provided |
37 | by Gentoo (and Linux in general)? Well, *big smile*, of course you are able to |
37 | by Gentoo (and Linux in general)? Well, *big smile*, of course you are able to |
38 | do this. :-) Linux offers a wide variety of flashy user interfaces and |
38 | do this. :-) Linux offers a wide variety of flashy user interfaces and |
39 | environments which you can install on top of your existing installation. |
39 | environments which you can install on top of your existing installation. |
40 | </p> |
40 | </p> |
41 | |
41 | |
… | |
… | |
308 | <p> |
308 | <p> |
309 | Now try <c>startx</c> to start up your X server. <c>startx</c> is a script |
309 | Now try <c>startx</c> to start up your X server. <c>startx</c> is a script |
310 | that executes an <e>X session</e>, that is, it starts the X servers and some |
310 | that executes an <e>X session</e>, that is, it starts the X servers and some |
311 | graphical applications on top of it. It decides which applications to run |
311 | graphical applications on top of it. It decides which applications to run |
312 | using the following logic: |
312 | using the following logic: |
313 | </p> |
313 | </p> |
314 | |
314 | |
315 | <ul> |
315 | <ul> |
316 | <li> |
316 | <li> |
317 | If a file named <path>.xinitrc</path> exists in the home directory, it will |
317 | If a file named <path>.xinitrc</path> exists in the home directory, it will |
318 | execute the commands listed there. |
318 | execute the commands listed there. |
319 | </li> |
319 | </li> |
320 | <li> |
320 | <li> |
321 | Otherwise, it will read the value of the XSESSION variable and will execute |
321 | Otherwise, it will read the value of the XSESSION variable and will execute |
322 | one of the sessions available in <path>/etc/X11/Sessions/</path> |
322 | one of the sessions available in <path>/etc/X11/Sessions/</path> |
323 | accordingly (you can set the value of XSESSION in <path>/etc/rc.conf</path> |
323 | accordingly. You can set the value of XSESSION in |
324 | to make it a default for all the users on the system). |
324 | <path>/etc/env.d/90xsession</path> to make it a default for all the users on |
|
|
325 | the system. For example, as root, run <c>echo XSESSION="Xfce4" > |
|
|
326 | /etc/env.d/90xsession</c>. This will create the <path>90xsession</path> file |
|
|
327 | and set the default X session to Xfce4. |
325 | </li> |
328 | </li> |
326 | <li> |
329 | <li> |
327 | If all of the above fail, it will fall back to a simple window manager, |
330 | If all of the above fail, it will fall back to a simple window manager, |
328 | usually <c>twm</c>. |
331 | usually <c>twm</c>. |
329 | </li> |
332 | </li> |
330 | </ul> |
333 | </ul> |
331 | |
334 | |
332 | <pre caption="Starting X"> |
335 | <pre caption="Starting X"> |
333 | # <i>startx</i> |
336 | # <i>startx</i> |
334 | </pre> |
337 | </pre> |
335 | |
338 | |
336 | <p> |
339 | <p> |
337 | If you see an ugly, loathsome, repulsive, deformed window manager, that's |
340 | If you see an ugly, loathsome, repulsive, deformed window manager, that's |
338 | <c>twm</c>. To finish the twm session, type in <c>exit</c> or Ctrl-D in the |
341 | <c>twm</c>. To finish the twm session, type in <c>exit</c> or Ctrl-D in the |
339 | upcoming xterms. You can also kill the X session using the Ctrl-Alt-Backspace |
342 | upcoming xterms. You can also kill the X session using the Ctrl-Alt-Backspace |